高考英語語法學(xué)案專題6動詞和短語

e,go,turn,grow,get,fall,come等感官類，表部位的感受，如feel,smell,taste,look，sound等keepremainstandlie,stay,prove外表特征類，表外表給人的印象，如appearseemlookseewatchnotice,observe,hearfeel,find,catch等。感官動詞make,have,keep等。使役動詞的主要考點(diǎn)是后接非謂語動詞的不Helookedaroundandcaughtaman hishandintothepocketofaA．putB．tobeputtingC．toput【解析】Dcatchsbngsth“發(fā)現(xiàn)、發(fā)覺做某事”，ngsth為現(xiàn)在分詞短語notice,observe,find,keep,leave等。這類動詞有：sell,wash,write,last,read,wear等。如：ThiskindofclothwasheswellandlastsThepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly.父親送給我作為生WritteninsimpleEnglish,thisarticlereadsThisshopopensmuchearlierthanitusedEachstoneweighstwotons.這類動詞及詞組有：happen,occur,cost，comeout()，turnup(被找到)，comeintobeing(產(chǎn)生)，cometoone'smind(想起)，comeintouse(開始使用),turnout(證明得做),betoblame(受責(zé)備)等。如：ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameinthe18thcentury.第一批用作英語教學(xué)的外語于18世紀(jì)SuddenlyanideacametohisWhoistoblameforbreakingtheTheproblemfinallycameupattheEventhebesttheorycanturnout(tobe)動形式表達(dá)意義。常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞有：easy,hard,difficult,heavy,ThephysicsproblemiseasytoworkAguideisexpensivetoThiskindoffishisnotfitto常見的有：avoid,can'thelp,can'tstand,consider,enjoy,escape,finish,giveup,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,putoff,resist,risk,suggest,admit,deny,forbidThebirdwasluckytoescapebeing這只鳥幸運(yùn)地逃離了抓運(yùn)Heisalwayspracticingyingthepianoafter常見的有：afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,choose,decide,demand,determine,expect,hope,learn,long,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse，want等。如：Hecan'taffordtobuysuchanexpensiveTommanagedtocutdowndozensof表示“需要”need,Yourneedstobelookedafter.你病弱的母親需要照顧。有些動詞表示“應(yīng)該(或命令建議要求等)”時(shí)其后的賓語從句用should加動詞，propose等。如：Ourteacherrequiresthisbedoneinno來的計(jì)劃未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。它們是：intend,mean,n,hope,expect,think,want,suppose等。Ihadmeant lyouaboutityesterday,butthesnowstormpreventedTheyhopedtohavestayedthereaweek,buttheycouldn'tbecauseofimportantmeeting.arrive,move,beginfall,seestay,takeoffYournetakesoffataquarterpasttwointhe10toto的動詞短語有：be(get)usedto,leadto,devote…to,lookforwardto,PetersuggestedthatTomgothereat建議立刻去那breakbreakawayfrombreak 出故障，，break break break break break break bringbringabout bringback bringdown bringforward bringin bringon bring 使顯現(xiàn)；bring callcall callaway callfor callin call 取消，停callon callout call carrycarry 沖走，帶走；沖昏頭carryback carryoff carryon carryout ，執(zhí)行，實(shí)施carry comecome come come comeoff comeon comeout出來；發(fā)芽；；結(jié)果是；說come come cometoan whenitcomes cometo cometo cometo come comeup走近；發(fā)生；發(fā)芽；(問題)cutcut cutdowncutoff切斷，中斷；阻礙，阻擋cutout切下，剪下，裁下；刪去cutthrough開辟(出路等)cutupfallfall fall fall fallinlovewith… fallinto fall fall getget get get get get get getdown getout get getrid get get givegiveaway giveback givein give give give gogo go go go go goalong go go gofor gooff go go go go go gotoo go go holdhold 隱瞞；；克hold ；壓hold holdon hold hold keepkeepaway keep ，，隱keepin keep keep keeppace keep keep keepup laylay lay layoff(暫時(shí))解雇；停止layout鋪開，展開leaveleavebehindleave leave leave leave 不，不打looklook lookafterlookaround東張西望lookback回顧，回頭看lookbackon/uponlook lookdownon/upon俯視；輕視lookforwardto盼望，期待lookinto窺視；；瀏覽lookon/uponas…把……look lookout look look lookup pickpickoff去除；選擇(目標(biāo))pick pick pullpull pull pull pull pull pull pull 克服；恢pull putput put put put 放下；；記putanend put put put put putone'sheart put putthrough putup putupwith sendsend send send send send setsetabout( 著手，開setanexampleto 給樹立榜set set set 釋放(set 出發(fā)；使；引set set taketakeafter takeaway takeback takecare takecharge take take take…intoaccount/considerationtakeoff脫去，除去；起飛，起程takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇傭；承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任takeone'sce代替take take takepart take 發(fā)生；舉takepride thinkthinkaboutthinkhighly/well/much/alotof thinklittle/ill/nothingof thinkof…as… thinkout thinkthrough thinkup throwthrow throwaway throwoneselfinto throwout throw turnturn turn turn turnon turnout turnover turn turn turn turnupside 【誤 Heislisteningtheteacher【正 Heislistening【正 Heislisteningtotheteacher【誤】Themixtureistasted【正】Themixturetastes 連系動詞后接形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。除了少數(shù)幾個(如get,e,grow等)外，系動詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和結(jié)構(gòu)。Afterstudyinginamedicalcollegeforfiveyears,Jane herjobasadoctorinthecountryside.A．set B．took C．took D．set【誤】【正】【解析】對高頻短語takeup的意思掌握不全面，不知道該短語除了表示“占用”之意out“出發(fā)，開始”；takeover“接收，接管”；takeup“拿起，開始從事”；setup“設(shè)立，豎立”。根據(jù)題意選C。[2010·卷Ⅰ]Theworkers theglassesandmarkedoneachbox“ThisSideUp”. 【解析】 [2010·遼寧卷]Thenewmovie tobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersofalltime. 【解析】A考查動詞詞義辨析。promise除了表示“允諾，答應(yīng)”外，還有“有……的希有promise符合題意。句意為：這部新有望成為票房史上票房最高的影片之一。Whattheyoungmancan't isthathismumalwaystreatshimlikea 【解析】D考查動詞辨析。A意為“支持”；B意為“承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任，著手做”；C意為“握住，容納”；D意為“，忍受”。句意為：這個年輕人受的是他的母親總是把他當(dāng)個小孩來對待。根據(jù)題意可知應(yīng)選D。Wewanttorentabuswhichcan 40peopleforourtriptoBeijing. 【解析】 ThefilmAvatarwillbeontonightbutit'sat1：30am.Idon'twantto thatstay B．show C．put D．getA考查動詞短語辨析。stayup熬夜；showoff炫耀，賣弄；putup舉起，建起，張貼；getoff下車，出發(fā)，脫掉。根據(jù)題干意思選A?！狧owareyoumanagingtodoyourbusinesswithouta—Well,I get B．care C．watch D．set【解析】 watchout；setoff出發(fā)I've myumbrellaintheofficeandI'llhavetofetchit. 【解析】 Don'tletyourselfbe nganythingyoudon'twanttodo. 【答案】Thedesignsofthefewtoolsshouldbe carefully,sothatwecanpickouttheonethatbestsuitsourjob. 【答案】Hecan'tbeathomenow,forIsawhim inthegymjustgivingout B．workingoutC．carrying D．bringing【解析】B本題考查短語辨析。giveout用完，分發(fā)；workout解決，鍛煉；carry身房鍛煉。故B項(xiàng)正確?！猄oHelen,arewegoingfor mealyoupromised—Well，Ikindofforgotto ，sowe'llhavetodoFrench. 【解析】C由答語的“sowe'llhavetodoFrench”可以看出，這次吃不上上次承諾給對方的中國飯菜了，只有“我”忘了預(yù)定(reserve)可以講得通。consult商討，向……請教；order點(diǎn)餐(菜或飲料)；confirm證實(shí)；確定。OneprimarygoalofUNESCOisto inwhichallpeoplecanparticipateininformationandmake B．polishC．build D．takeC考查動詞短語辨析。buildup建立；takeup從事；polishup改善，潤色；It'sextremelydangerousforthedrivers trafficlightsarepull B．put C．rise D．pick

speedas【解析】D考查動詞短語辨析。句意為：對于來說在紅綠燈變換時(shí)，加速是非常動詞詞組。pickup“加速”，符合題意。Hisguiltyexpression my Cconfirm證實(shí)，確認(rèn)。句意為：他內(nèi)疚的表情證實(shí)了我的猜疑。consider認(rèn)為；考慮；commit；做……承諾；convince說服，使信服。Wecominedtothetravelagencyaboutthehorribleserviceduringourtrip,butnoonehas bynow. 1．(2011·山東淄博模擬)Theheadmasterwill aspeechtothevisitingforeigngueststhisafternoon. 解析：句意為：今天下午校長將要對來訪的外賓。deliver，deliveraspeech。addresssb.對，對；announce宣布，通告；declare，。答案：2．(2011·東北三校模擬)—IthinkIshouldwearadressinsteadof —It’sjustasmallinformalparty，soyoudon’thaveto A．warmup B．putupC．dress D．keep 小聚會，因此，你不必刻意打扮。dressup穿上特殊服裝，喬裝，化妝。答案 3．(2011·山東臨沂)Ifyoukeeppractisingyoursoninfootball，he makeafamousyer. 解析 promise有前途，有……的可能。 4．(2011·山東煙臺模擬)Newly-developed extremeweatherconditions. 解析：句意為：新研發(fā)的航空材料能經(jīng)受天氣條件的考驗(yàn)。stand抵抗，抵御，答案 5．(2011·杭州模擬)Everyoneinthevillagehopedthathewould afterafewdays’treatment.A．pick B．comeC．keep D．make 句意為：村里的每一個人都希望他能在幾天的治療后康復(fù)。pickup好轉(zhuǎn)，恢答案 6．(2011·山東棗莊調(diào)研)Hedidn’t whatIsaidbecausehismindwasonsomethingelse.A．hold B．hangC．take D．get解析 7．(2010·3月濟(jì)南模擬)S lawasdisappointedtofindhernewn fellintogreatdepression.A．put B．carriedC．turned D．left la看到計(jì)劃被非常失望，難以振作。putaway收起來，放好；carryout完成；turndown；leaveout漏掉，忽略答案 8．(2010·4月濟(jì)南模擬)Whattheyoungmancan’t treatshimlikeababy. 考查動詞辨析。bear此處表示“忍受”；support表示“支持”；undertake表示“從事”；hold則表示“容納”。根據(jù)語意“那個年輕人無法的是……”，選D項(xiàng)。答案 9．(2010·4月濟(jì)南模擬)Internetshopisreally whenpeoplearesureofitssafety.A．taking B．takingC．setting D．setting解析：考查動詞詞組辨析。句意為：當(dāng)人們確認(rèn)了它的安全性之后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物真的迅速流行起來。takeoff表示“迅速流行”；takeup表示“從事，占據(jù)”；setoff表示“出發(fā)”；setup表示“建造，建立”。根據(jù)語意選A項(xiàng)。答案：10．(2011·黑龍江檢測)Thegirlnoddedwithas asifshehad 解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。readone’smind是固定搭配，表示“讀懂的心思”。答案：A11．(2011·福建龍巖檢測)Sheisworkinghardalldaylong，whichwill hersuccessinherfuturework.A．result B．contributeC．benefit D．stick解析：考查動詞詞組辨析。語意表示“她整天努力工作，這肯定會有助于她未來工作from表示“從……中獲益”；stick