熟詞生義開(kāi)課魏小玲

Hersketches(速寫(xiě))ofChinesebreakfastmakenetizens’mouthwater.Usingcoloredpencilsandwatercolors,XuYaxin,adecorationartanddesignstudent,hasmadethelocalsnackscometolifeonpaper.目前一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)目前二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)如何去推測(cè)熟詞生義呢？①應(yīng)用聯(lián)想，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境推斷。②應(yīng)用聯(lián)想，結(jié)合詞性變化推斷。生義熟義目前三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Review:translatetheunderlinedpartsWillChineseEnglishdevelopitsownidentity?Onlytimewilltell.（B1U2）2.

Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.Slowlythecitybegantobreatheagain.

（B1U4）3.Mandelataughtusduringthelunchbreaks.（B1U5）4.Shesoundedherhornloudlyuntilthelionturnedandwalkedaway.（B2U4）toanswerthequestiontocometolifeashorttimeofresttomakeasound吹響（號(hào)角）目前四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)5.WangPengfollowedLiChangintoasmallnewrestaurant.Curiositydrovehiminside.(B3U2)6.LiFangwasheart-brokenandwoulddrownhissadnessincoffee.（B3U1）7.MarkTwainisbestknownforhisnovelssetinhisboyhoodworldontheriver.（B3U3）8.JoanofArcwascaughtandputtodeathbytheEnglish.(B4U1)tocausehimtogoinside驅(qū)使tocoverhissadnessbycoffee借咖啡澆愁toputthebackgroundsofhisnovelsinhisboyhood以…為背景tobesentencedtodeath目前五頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)9.YuanLongpingconsiderhimselfafarmerforheworksthelandtodohisresearch.（B4U2）10.GeorgereachedhishandouttotheJapanesestudent.（B4U4）11.Disneylandhasmanyexcitingrides,fromgiantswingingshipstoterrifyingfree-falldrops.（B4U5）12.Ifdriving,Futuroscopeiswithineasyreachofthefreeway.（B4U5）tofarm(theland)toholdhishandoutrecreationalfacilitiesyoucantakearideon游樂(lè)設(shè)施easytoreach;closeto目前六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)13.Hethoughthewouldmakeanewcareercoachingyoungfootballplayers.（B5U1）14.Iknowyou’redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.（B7U4）15.Pressedbymyfriendsandrelations,Idecidedtosendmyinventiontothepatentoffice(專(zhuān)利局).（B8U3）16.Suddenlyhehadaflashofinspiration.（B8U3）tobeacoach；instruct訓(xùn)練、指導(dǎo)toformavividpictureoftheplacesinyourmind;imaginetotryhardtopersuade一陣靈感閃現(xiàn)目前七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)①詞性不變，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境聯(lián)想推斷Onlytimewilltell：只有時(shí)間能回答（前面提出的問(wèn)題）thecitybreatheagain：（根據(jù)前文）城市恢復(fù)了生機(jī)Curiositydrovehiminside：好奇心驅(qū)使他走了進(jìn)去drownhissadnessincoffee：借咖啡澆愁setin：putsthin→putthebackgroundsofone’snovelsin以……為背景puttodeath：（根據(jù)上文becaught）處以死刑worktheland：（根據(jù)上文farmer）耕種土地reachone’shandout:伸出手pressedbymyfriendsandrelations：在親朋好友的極力敦促下（press物理施壓→精神施壓）aflashofinspiration：靈感閃現(xiàn)目前八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)②詞性變化，結(jié)合原詞意和上下文語(yǔ)境聯(lián)想推斷名詞變動(dòng)詞：sound（n.聲音→v.使發(fā)出聲音，例如吹響號(hào)角、拉響警報(bào)等等）coach（n.教練→v.成為教練指導(dǎo)、培訓(xùn)…）picture（n.圖像、圖畫(huà)→v.在腦海中形成畫(huà)面、想象）動(dòng)詞變名詞：rides（v.乘坐→n.游樂(lè)園中供游客乘坐的游樂(lè)設(shè)施）breaks（v.打斷、中斷→n.中斷工作或日?；顒?dòng)的休息時(shí)間）withineasyreach：v.（很容易）到達(dá)→n.距離很近目前九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Crowdsofpeoplejammedairports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebushubsatthestartofthesix-dayLunarNewYearholiday.Q:What’sthemeaningof“jam”?A.towaitinfrontofsomeplaceB.tofillsomethingorsomeplace詞性變化：trafficjam交通堵塞→填滿(mǎn)；堵塞學(xué)以致用：牛刀小試目前十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Pennsylvania-basedfoodcompanyMurry’sInc.recalled(召回)onSaturdaymorethan31,000poundsofchickenproductsthatwereshippedtoretail(零售)storesnationwide.Q:What’sthemeaningof“ship”?A.alargeboatusedforcarryingpeopleorgoodsacrosstheseaB.tosendgoodssomewherebyship,plane,truck,etc詞性變化：ship船（運(yùn)輸工具）→運(yùn)輸目前十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)TheRosicrucianEgyptianMuseumhousesthelargestcollectionofEgyptianartifacts(石器)onexhibitinwesternNorthAmerica.Q:What’sthemeaningof“house”?togivesomeonea

placetoliveaplacetoliveinC.toprovideplacetokeepsomething詞性變化+語(yǔ)境：house房子→給人提供住處→收藏；保存（給物提供空間）目前十二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Asrefugees(難民)floodin,Germanystrugglestohousethem.Q:What’sthemeaningof“flood”?togoorarriveinlargenumbersB.tobecoveredwithwater語(yǔ)境：洪水泛濫，發(fā)大水→（像洪水一樣）大量涌入目前十三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Accordingtoastudy,longphoneconversationscanbridgethephysicaldistance

forfemalefriendships.Q:What’sthemeaningof“bridge”?astructurebuiltoverariver/road

B.tomakeaconnectionbetweentwothingsC.tonarrowthegap詞性變化+語(yǔ)境：縮短差距目前十四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)It'sastereotype(刻板印象):Womenwellupatsadnewsandweepymovies,whilemenremaindry-eyedinthemostupsettingandheartbreakingsituations.Q:What’sthemeaningof“well”?adeepholeinthegroundfromwhichyoucangetwateroroil

B.(offeelings)tobecomestrongC.toburstintotears詞性變化+語(yǔ)境：淚水涌上來(lái)目前十五頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)It’safeelingfamiliartomany.Youreturntoyourofficeafterlunchandarehitwithawaveofsluggishness(有氣無(wú)力)andtiredness.Q:What’sthemeaningof“hit”?totouchsomeoneorsomethinghardtoaffectbadlyC.tocrashintosomething語(yǔ)境：一陣倦意向你襲來(lái)目前十六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（1）Thefearthattheymightneverreturntofindusmadeusfeel________anddiscouraged.（B10U1）

A.highB.lowC.shortlow提升訓(xùn)練：choosethebestanswers語(yǔ)境：低的，不高的→（心情）低落的（feelupset/down,inlowspirits）目前十七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（2）Asthesupplyoffoodandwatergraduallydisappeared,wecouldforeseethatwewoulddieifwecouldnotreachlandverysoon.Andwe________graduallyintoasleepy,half-alivestate.（B9U2）

A.sankB.jumpedC.rosesank語(yǔ)境：下沉，陷入→陷入一種昏昏沉沉，半死不活的狀態(tài)（fallintoanunpleasantstate）目前十八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（3）Advertisersmustpaythemediafordisplayingtheirads.Theirmoneywouldbewastedifthemessagedidn’t__________itstargetaudience.（B9U5）

A.achieveB.gainC.reachreach語(yǔ)境：到達(dá)（某地）→（信息）傳達(dá)到某人那里；引起注意（cometoone’sattention）目前十九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（4）However,IlostsightofWangPingbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.Hewas________upintothecenterofthem.（B5U3）

A.putB.sweptC.clearedswept語(yǔ)境：movesthtosp（withabrush）→sbbemovedtosp(byaforce)目前二十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（1）Whilehereffortsweregreetedwithmostlyenthusiasmfromthose________Detroit’scoldwinters,onewomanvoicedissatisfaction.“Wedon’tneedcoat;weneedjobs.”（莆田市質(zhì)檢）A.bravingB.enjoyingC.expectingD.survivingA錯(cuò)題鞏固詞性變化：face/withstandsomethingbravely；bravecoldwinters經(jīng)受寒冬;voice：說(shuō)出目前二十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（2）Still,Veronicaislessfocusedonthecoatsthanontheworkerswhomakethem.“Attheendoftheday,”shesays,“thecoatisa(n)_____forustoemploypeople.”（莆田市質(zhì)檢）A.vehicleB.conceptC.caseD.urgeA語(yǔ)境：交通工具→工具、方法、手段目前二十二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（1）Whenwehandedhimthebagoffood,helitupandthankeduswith______eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitforwhateverhisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.(2015年全國(guó)卷1）A.sleepyB.curiousC.wateryD.sharpC感受高考語(yǔ)境：含水多的→眼里含淚的目前二十三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（2）LarryworkswithTransportDrivers.Inc.Onemorningin2009,

Larrywastravelingalong165northafterdeliveringtooneofhiscustomers.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.Ashegotcloser,hefoundthatvehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticedflamesshootingoutfromunderthe_______vehicle...thenheardawoman’svoicecomingfromthewrecked(毀壞的)vehicle.（2016年全國(guó)卷1）A.usedB.removedC.disabledD.abandonedC語(yǔ)境：(ofaperson)can’tusepartsofhisbodyproperly→(ofacar)can’tworkproperly目前二十四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（3）IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89trips--ofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干細(xì)胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor(捐獻(xiàn)者)tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.（2016年高考全國(guó)卷1）語(yǔ)境：收獲、收割（莊稼）→采集獲?。ㄆ鞴伲┠壳岸屙?yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（4）Atypicalliontamer(馴獸師)inpeople'smindisanentertainerholdingawhip(鞭)andachair.Thewhipgetsalloftheattention,butit'smostlyforshow.Inreality,it'sthechairthatdoestheimportantwork.Whenaliontamerholdsachairinfrontofthelion'sface,theliontriestofocusonallfourlegsofthechairatthesametime.Withitsfocusdivided,thelionbecomesconfusedandisunsureaboutwhattodonext.Whenfacedwithsomanyoptions,thelionchoosestofreezeandwaitinsteadofattackingthemanholdingthechair.（2014年高考全國(guó)卷1）語(yǔ)境：使凍結(jié)、凍住、結(jié)冰→僵住、不動(dòng)（tostopandbecomecompletelystill）目前二十六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)Conclusion總結(jié)歸納+解題技巧（1）首先結(jié)合上下文判斷熟詞是否發(fā)生詞性的變化。如果有發(fā)生詞性變化，先判斷詞性，再根據(jù)熟義或上下文語(yǔ)境，推測(cè)判斷新詞性下的生義。jam:n.交通堵塞→v.擠滿(mǎn)，堵塞ship：n.輪船（一種交通工具）→v.運(yùn)輸、運(yùn)送house：n.房子（人或物的容身處）→v.給（人或物）提供容身之處→（結(jié)合語(yǔ)境）收藏、存放well：n.井（有液體涌出）→v.液體涌出→（結(jié)合語(yǔ)境）眼淚涌出來(lái)bridge：n.橋梁→v.（結(jié)合語(yǔ)境）縮短差距brave：adj.勇敢的→v.勇敢面對(duì)、經(jīng)受……目前二十七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)（2）熟詞詞性沒(méi)有變化，則根據(jù)熟義或上下文語(yǔ)境，通過(guò)合理聯(lián)想推測(cè)判斷生義。flood(v.)洪水泛濫，發(fā)大水→大量涌入（像洪水一樣泛濫）hit(v.)襲擊、打擊、撞擊→深受…影響low(adj.)低的，不高的→情緒低落的sink(v.)下沉，陷入→陷入某種不好的狀態(tài)reach(v.)到達(dá)某地→傳達(dá)到某人那里，引起注意sweep(v.)用掃把掃向某處→被外力掃/卷向某處vehicle(n.)交通工具→工具、手段、方法watery(adj.)水多的→眼中含淚的disabled(adj.)人殘疾的無(wú)法正常行動(dòng)的→機(jī)器壞掉無(wú)法正常工作的harvest(v.)收割，收獲→獲取、采集（器官）freeze(v.)結(jié)冰，凍住→僵住，呆住，不動(dòng)目前二十八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)目前二十九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)TheRiseofMaaS:AnIntegratedSystemofMobility

Anup-and-comingrevolutioninmobilityisknownasMaaS:MobilityasaService.Buildingonexistingtransportationtechnologies,MaaSoffersarealopportunitytomaketravelmoreefficient,userfriendly,andtailoredtowhatindividualconsumerswant.MaaSwillrelyonadigitalplatformthatintegratesallaspectsoftripplanning—booking,ticketing,andpaying—across

all

modes(方式)oftransportation,whetherpublicorprivate.Nolongerwillatravelerhavetoresearchatraintime,bookaflight,andpayforacarrideseparatelytogetsomewhere;withMaaS,onesingleappwillhandleitall.崛起easytouse詞性變化：買(mǎi)票詞性變化：n.裁縫（量體裁衣）→v.根據(jù)顧客需求制作詞性變化:處理解決（問(wèn)題）目前三十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于十三點(diǎn)目前三十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十五頁(yè)\編于