船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范模板

年4月19日船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范模板資料內(nèi)容僅供您學習參考，如有不當或者侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系改正或者刪除。船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范WELDINGPROCEDURESPECIFICATIONFOREQUIPMENTBASEOFHULLCABIN1

范圍Scope本規(guī)范規(guī)定了船舶艙室重要設(shè)備底座焊接與普通設(shè)備底座焊接施工前的準備、人員、工藝要求、工藝過程、檢驗。Thespecificationrulestherequirementsofforeweldingtopreparation,personnel,technologicalrequirements,technologyprocess,examination;whichareforbaseofimportantequipmentsandcommonequipmentsofhullcabin.本規(guī)范適用于各類船舶艙室設(shè)備底座的焊接。Thespecificationapplytotheweldingforequipmentbaseofdiversifiedhullcabin.2規(guī)范引用文件?船舶建造質(zhì)量檢驗?Referringtodocument≤QUALITYINSPECTIONOFSHIPBUILDING≥3焊接前準備Preparationofforewelding3.1CJ422鈦鈣型藥皮碳鋼焊條參數(shù)(CJ422parametersforCsteelelectrodeofTiandCacovering)表3.1-1(form)試驗項目(Testproject)δs(Mpa)δb(Mpa)δ5(%)AKV(-20°)J≥330≥420≥22≥47X射線探傷(Radiographicinspection):Ⅱ級(Gradetwo)焊條直徑(MM)Diameter2.53.245焊接電流(A)Current60~110120~150160~210220~2703.2CJ507低氫鈉藥皮碳鋼焊條參數(shù)(CJ422parametersforCsteelelectrodeoflowhydrogenNacovering)表3.2-1(form)試驗項目(Testproject)δs(Mpa)δb(Mpa)δ5(%)AKV(-20℃J(-30℃≥400≥490≥22≥47≥27X射線探傷(Radiographicinspection)Ⅱ級(Gradetwo)焊條直徑(MM)Diameter2.53.2455.8焊接電流(A)Current60~110120~150160~210220~270210~2603.3焊前施工人員應(yīng)先了解被焊工件的施工要求及作業(yè)環(huán)境、鋼材牌號等級、據(jù)此按材料的選配原則確定焊條焊絲牌號、規(guī)格及極性。Weldershouldknowabouttheweldingrequirements,environment,brandandgrandofsteelbeforewelding.Accordingtothat,todecidethebrand,sizeofelectrodeandwireandpolarityontheprincipleofchoosingmaterial.3.4定位焊Tackwelding3.4.1定位焊用的焊條牌號應(yīng)與正式焊縫的焊條牌號相同。Electrodebrandfortackweldingshallbeuniformwithnormalwelds.3.4.2定位焊高度不得超過正式焊縫的高度,焊后的熔渣應(yīng)立即去除。Theheightoftackweldingdon’texceednormalwelds,eliminatingpostweldslagatonce.3.4.3由于CO2定位焊容易產(chǎn)生焊接缺陷,定位焊縫不宜過短,一般強度鋼為(30~40)mm,高強度鋼為50mm,焊縫厚為(3~4)mm。ThelengthoftackweldsshallbelongerbecauseofmakingdefectseasilywithCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.Commonstrengthsteel(30—40)mm,highstrengthsteel50mm,thicknessofwelds(3—4)mm.3.5所要焊接的設(shè)備底座已經(jīng)按照裝配要求定位好,而且打磨焊前認可才能進入焊接階段。Equipmentbasetobeweldedmustbefittedonrequirementslikeandgrinded,beforeitwelded.3.6對于船舶重大設(shè)備如主機、發(fā)電機、中間軸承、錨絞車、舵機及主甲板設(shè)備吊艇、舷梯等基座應(yīng)選用CJ507低氫鈉型藥皮碳鋼焊條或CO2氣體保護焊。Forthegrandshipequipmentweldingofbaseofmainengine,generator,intermediatebearing,windlass,steeringgear,anddavit,accommodationladderwhichisonthemaindeck;shouldchooseCJ507lowhydrogenNacoatingCsteelelectrodeorCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.3.7其它普通設(shè)備基座可選用普通的CJ422鈦鈣型藥皮碳鋼焊條。MaychoosecommonCJ422Cequipmentbase.3.8焊接材料Weldingconsumable3.8.1WeldingwireCO2焊絲可選用直徑為(￠1.2)mm的實芯焊絲或藥芯焊絲,并須經(jīng)船級社認可。并有規(guī)則地盤繞在焊絲盤或焊絲筒內(nèi)。Diameter1.2mmflux-coredwirewillbeusedforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingandneedbeapprovedbySociety.3.8.2CO2CO2gas使用的液體二氧化碳其質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合國家標準GB6052-85《工業(yè)液體二氧化碳》中規(guī)定的Ⅰ類或Ⅱ類一級標準ThequalityofliquidCO2usedshallaccordwithgradeoneoftypeIorIIruledbynationalstandardGB6052-85≤IndustryliquidCO2≥CO2氣瓶壓力低于1MPa時不能使用。Don’tuseitagainwhencylinderpressureisbelow1Mpa.3.9焊接設(shè)備Weldingequipment3.9.1CO2ForCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingusethespecialequipmentthatneedbeexaminedandmaintainedcarefullyeverytime.3.9.2CO2WeldingpowersourceforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingmusthavenecessarycurrentvolumeandelectriccharacteristicsuitableforwelding.Itmusthavereliablesafegroundingforcrust.3.9.3Controllingdeviceofwirefeedermusthavecorrespondingcontrollingfunctionaswiththeinputcharacteristicofweldingpowersource,rugulatecurrentandvoltageuniformly.3.9.4Weldinggunmusthavecurrentvolumeandcanbeusedforalongtime,convenientoperationtowelder,feedingwiresteadily.Crustofweldinggunmusthavebetterinsulatedproperty. 4人員PersonnelCO2保護焊的焊工必須經(jīng)過專門培訓和考試,并按船級社合格證所規(guī)定之類別從事產(chǎn)品焊接。手工電弧焊焊接的焊工持證方能上崗。WelderforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingwhomustbespeciallytrainedandexaminedcanbepermittedtoworkonitemsruledincertificateissuedbySociety.Welderforcoveredelectrodemanualarcweldingcan’tworkunlesswithcertificate.5工藝要求Technologyrequirement5.1根據(jù)圖紙的要求或者焊工根據(jù)焊接規(guī)范中焊件的厚度等確定設(shè)備底座的焊腳尺寸、焊接順序、方式等。Accordingtodrawingrequirementsorthicknessofweldmentwhichisinweldingspecification,sizeofweldingtoe,weldingsequence,weldingmeansetcwhichareforequipmentbasewillbedecided.5.2焊接規(guī)范中對焊接電流與電弧電壓的匹配要求較高,因此在施焊過程中,若焊接電流發(fā)現(xiàn)變化,應(yīng)及時調(diào)整電弧電壓,使之處于最佳狀態(tài)。Inthecourseofweldingprocess,adjustvoltageintimetomakethembest,ifweldingcurrentchanged.wedoso,becausethereishigherrequirementstocurrentandvoltage.5.3設(shè)備底座上船安裝前應(yīng)作好防繡漆,底座吊運上船后應(yīng)妥善放置,并盡快安裝,不宜隨意亂丟,以防遺失、損壞。Antirustcoatingshouldbewell-doneonthegroundforequipmentbasetobeinstalled,itshallbeputingoodorderonthehull,installitasquicklyaspossible,avoidlosing,destruction.5.4查看底座所裝區(qū)域的甲板或圍壁是否平整(一般待火工校正后安裝)。Checktheplaceofdeckorhousewallswherethebaseshallbeinstalledwhetheritisflat(installitafterbeingproofreadedbyfire)5.5凡有甲板敷料的艙室其底座要在敷料施工前定位裝焊結(jié)束。Baseofthecabinwithdeckcoveringshouldbefittedandweldedcompletelybeforecovering.5.6底座切割后應(yīng)清除氧化鐵及毛刺等,其焊縫空隙不超過3mm,空隙長度不得10%。Toeliminateandinclusionafterthebasewascut,theweldsgapshouldn’texceed3mm,thelengthofgapshouldn’texceed10percentofall.5.7底座高度應(yīng)符合圖紙要求,甲板上的底座高度允許公差±5mm,圍壁上的底座高度允許公差±2mm。Heightofbaseshouldaccordwithrequirementofthedrawing,thepermittedtoleranceforheightofbaseonthedeckis±5mm,thepermittedtoleranceforheightofhousewallsis±2mm.5.8坐標位置正確,常規(guī)底座允許公差≤5mm。Correctcoordinateposition,thepermittedtoleranceforcommonbaseis≤5mm.5.9底座面水平,四角不平度1米長度內(nèi)≤2mm。Basesideshouldbeplane,planenessamongfourangles:≤2mmintherangeofonemeter.5.10底座結(jié)構(gòu)方向符合圖紙要求,其底腳最低處必要時須開流水孔。Directionofbasestructureshouldaccordwithdrawingrequirements.Makingaholewhichwillbetodischargewaterifthereisaneedatthelowestplaceofbottomtoe.6工藝過程Technologyprocess6.1安裝程序Installingprocedure劃線→底座就位→水平面校正→對角線校正→劃出底腳切割線→切割底座多余部位→去除毛刺→第二次就位→校對水平面、對角線→底座焊裝Drawingline→Baseprimaryfixing→Proofreadlevel→Proofreaddiagonal→Drawcuttinglineofbottomtoe→Cuttingsuperfluouspartsofbase→Removinginclusions→Formalfixing→Proofreadlevelanddiagonal→Weldingofbase6.2手工電弧焊Coveredelectrodemanualarcwelding6.2.1應(yīng)按焊接材料保管要求,焊條經(jīng)過焙烘、保溫后保存。每次領(lǐng)出堿性焊條使用不能超過4小時,高強度鋼用焊條須用保溫筒加熱保溫。Electrodeneedbeheatedandkeptwarm,beforepreserved.Allthethingsshouldbedoneaccordingtostoragerequirementsofweldingconsumable.Alkalineelectrodetakenoutshouldbeusedupwithin4hours,electrodeforhighstrengthsteelneedtobekeptwarmwithkeeping—warmbox.6.2.2施焊規(guī)范和要求,應(yīng)嚴格遵照有關(guān)工藝文件的規(guī)定,不得隨意更改。Weldingspecificationandrequirementruledbytechnologicaldocumentcouldn’trejiggeroptionally,itshouldbecarriedoutstrictly.6.2.3Beforewelding,technologymeasuresofpreventingdeformationshouldbetakenforslightplate.6.2.4應(yīng)根據(jù)板厚和施焊工藝位置來決定其直徑,第1、2道打底焊縫最好采用φ3.2、φAccordingtoplatethicknessandweldingpositiontochooseelectrodediameter,￠3.2,￠4arethebestchoiceforthefirstandthesecondrunofbottomweld,bottomweldsshouldbefilledmore.6.2.5采用多層焊時,每層焊道的始末端應(yīng)交錯Formultilayerwelding,thereisa30-50mmdistanceofstartandendbetweenrunweldedandtheruntobewelded.6.2.6Mustremovetheslagandspatterofthelastlayerandrepairit,andthentoweldnextlayer.6.2.7Annealingrunthatimproveresistingfatiguestrengthwillbeoperatedonthetoplayerofweldswithlowdiameterlowenergyinput,whenweldbuttjointofpipesforhighstrengthandlimitwithCoveredelectrodemanualarcwelding.6.2.8焊縫末端收口處應(yīng)填滿弧坑,以防止產(chǎn)生弧坑裂紋。Endcratershouldbefilledfullyinordertopreventproducingcratercracking.6.2.9在去除臨時焊縫、定位焊縫、缺陷、焊疤和清根時,均不得損傷母材。Don’tdestroybasemetal,whenremovetemporarywelds,tackwelds,defects,overlapsandgouging.6.3CO2氣體保護焊CO2gas-shieldedarcwelding6.3.1Removingwater,rust,oxidation,oilandotherinclusions.6.3.2檢驗確認焊機及其附屬設(shè)備以及供氣系統(tǒng)都能正常工作。Checkingweldingmachineanditssubsidiaryequipment,thesystemofsupplygas,whethertheycandowell.6.3.3在更換焊機的主要部件后必須檢驗并確認焊機能在使用的焊接條件下正常工作。Mustcheckandconfirmthatweldingmachinecanworknormallyontheconditionofwelding,aftermajorcomponentwillbechanged.6.3.4噴嘴必須經(jīng)常清理,導電嘴亦須經(jīng)常更換。在焊接過程中要避免焊槍軟管過渡彎曲。Nozzlemustbecleaned,contactnozzlemustoftenchangedtoo.Wireconduitshouldavoidbeingbent.6.3.5由于風對氣體的保護效果危害較大,室外焊接施工時在風速超過2m/secTakecorrespondingprotectivemeasure,ifwindspeedexceeds2m/secoutsidewhenwelding.6.3.6Paymuchattentiontothestartandendofwelds,wheredefectscomeintobeingeasily.6.3.7Atfirst,regulateweldingspecificationbytherequirementsofweldingprocedure,andthentoweld.6.4CO2氣體保護焊操作要領(lǐng)OperationitemsforCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.6.4.1焊接中,焊槍角度后仰15°～20°,焊絲伸出長度為(10～15)mm。Theangleofgunis15°～20°backwards,dryextensionofwireis10—15mm.6.4.2當采用橫向擺動運條方法時,擺動幅度稍大于根部間隙或前一層焊縫兩趾端,并略作停頓,以保證根部及兩趾間熔透。Whentaketransverseswingmovingwire,thewidthofswingrangeislittlebiggerthangapofrootorthewidthoflayer,stoppingalittletimethere,inordertomakesurethepenetrationofrootandedges.6.4.3中途熄弧時,必須用砂輪將弧坑打磨成圓滑過渡,再引弧繼續(xù)焊接。當焊縫與定位焊相接時,必須將定位焊去除,然后再引弧焊接。Ifyouwanttocontinuetoweldfromthepositionwhereyoustopwelding,mustgrindthecratermakingitpliable.Whenweldsmeettackwelds,removetackweldsandthentoignite.7安全衛(wèi)生Safetyandprotecting7.1焊接操作者必須使用面罩、安全帽、皮手套等遮光保護用具,防止灼傷和燙傷。Topreventburning,weldermustuseprotectivethings,suchas:veil,cap,leathernglovesetc.7.2工作中,應(yīng)注意周圍環(huán)境是否有易燃易爆物品,以防止飛濺引起的火災(zāi)事故。Spattercouldcausefire,sohavetocheckwhethertherearesomethingthatwillbeburningandexplodingeasilyaroundtheweldment.7.3狹小艙室或密閉艙室應(yīng)采取必