船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范模板

年4月19日船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范模板資料內(nèi)容僅供您學(xué)習(xí)參考，如有不當(dāng)或者侵權(quán)，請(qǐng)聯(lián)系改正或者刪除。船舶艙室設(shè)備底座焊接工藝規(guī)范WELDINGPROCEDURESPECIFICATIONFOREQUIPMENTBASEOFHULLCABIN1

范圍Scope本規(guī)范規(guī)定了船舶艙室重要設(shè)備底座焊接與普通設(shè)備底座焊接施工前的準(zhǔn)備、人員、工藝要求、工藝過程、檢驗(yàn)。Thespecificationrulestherequirementsofforeweldingtopreparation,personnel,technologicalrequirements,technologyprocess,examination;whichareforbaseofimportantequipmentsandcommonequipmentsofhullcabin.本規(guī)范適用于各類船舶艙室設(shè)備底座的焊接。Thespecificationapplytotheweldingforequipmentbaseofdiversifiedhullcabin.2規(guī)范引用文件?船舶建造質(zhì)量檢驗(yàn)?Referringtodocument≤QUALITYINSPECTIONOFSHIPBUILDING≥3焊接前準(zhǔn)備Preparationofforewelding3.1CJ422鈦鈣型藥皮碳鋼焊條參數(shù)(CJ422parametersforCsteelelectrodeofTiandCacovering)表3.1-1(form)試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目(Testproject)δs(Mpa)δb(Mpa)δ5(%)AKV(-20°)J≥330≥420≥22≥47X射線探傷(Radiographicinspection):Ⅱ級(jí)(Gradetwo)焊條直徑(MM)Diameter2.53.245焊接電流(A)Current60~110120~150160~210220~2703.2CJ507低氫鈉藥皮碳鋼焊條參數(shù)(CJ422parametersforCsteelelectrodeoflowhydrogenNacovering)表3.2-1(form)試驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目(Testproject)δs(Mpa)δb(Mpa)δ5(%)AKV(-20℃J(-30℃≥400≥490≥22≥47≥27X射線探傷(Radiographicinspection)Ⅱ級(jí)(Gradetwo)焊條直徑(MM)Diameter2.53.2455.8焊接電流(A)Current60~110120~150160~210220~270210~2603.3焊前施工人員應(yīng)先了解被焊工件的施工要求及作業(yè)環(huán)境、鋼材牌號(hào)等級(jí)、據(jù)此按材料的選配原則確定焊條焊絲牌號(hào)、規(guī)格及極性。Weldershouldknowabouttheweldingrequirements,environment,brandandgrandofsteelbeforewelding.Accordingtothat,todecidethebrand,sizeofelectrodeandwireandpolarityontheprincipleofchoosingmaterial.3.4定位焊Tackwelding3.4.1定位焊用的焊條牌號(hào)應(yīng)與正式焊縫的焊條牌號(hào)相同。Electrodebrandfortackweldingshallbeuniformwithnormalwelds.3.4.2定位焊高度不得超過正式焊縫的高度,焊后的熔渣應(yīng)立即去除。Theheightoftackweldingdon’texceednormalwelds,eliminatingpostweldslagatonce.3.4.3由于CO2定位焊容易產(chǎn)生焊接缺陷,定位焊縫不宜過短,一般強(qiáng)度鋼為(30~40)mm,高強(qiáng)度鋼為50mm,焊縫厚為(3~4)mm。ThelengthoftackweldsshallbelongerbecauseofmakingdefectseasilywithCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.Commonstrengthsteel(30—40)mm,highstrengthsteel50mm,thicknessofwelds(3—4)mm.3.5所要焊接的設(shè)備底座已經(jīng)按照裝配要求定位好,而且打磨焊前認(rèn)可才能進(jìn)入焊接階段。Equipmentbasetobeweldedmustbefittedonrequirementslikeandgrinded,beforeitwelded.3.6對(duì)于船舶重大設(shè)備如主機(jī)、發(fā)電機(jī)、中間軸承、錨絞車、舵機(jī)及主甲板設(shè)備吊艇、舷梯等基座應(yīng)選用CJ507低氫鈉型藥皮碳鋼焊條或CO2氣體保護(hù)焊。Forthegrandshipequipmentweldingofbaseofmainengine,generator,intermediatebearing,windlass,steeringgear,anddavit,accommodationladderwhichisonthemaindeck;shouldchooseCJ507lowhydrogenNacoatingCsteelelectrodeorCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.3.7其它普通設(shè)備基座可選用普通的CJ422鈦鈣型藥皮碳鋼焊條。MaychoosecommonCJ422Cequipmentbase.3.8焊接材料Weldingconsumable3.8.1WeldingwireCO2焊絲可選用直徑為(￠1.2)mm的實(shí)芯焊絲或藥芯焊絲,并須經(jīng)船級(jí)社認(rèn)可。并有規(guī)則地盤繞在焊絲盤或焊絲筒內(nèi)。Diameter1.2mmflux-coredwirewillbeusedforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingandneedbeapprovedbySociety.3.8.2CO2CO2gas使用的液體二氧化碳其質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB6052-85《工業(yè)液體二氧化碳》中規(guī)定的Ⅰ類或Ⅱ類一級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)ThequalityofliquidCO2usedshallaccordwithgradeoneoftypeIorIIruledbynationalstandardGB6052-85≤IndustryliquidCO2≥CO2氣瓶壓力低于1MPa時(shí)不能使用。Don’tuseitagainwhencylinderpressureisbelow1Mpa.3.9焊接設(shè)備Weldingequipment3.9.1CO2ForCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingusethespecialequipmentthatneedbeexaminedandmaintainedcarefullyeverytime.3.9.2CO2WeldingpowersourceforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingmusthavenecessarycurrentvolumeandelectriccharacteristicsuitableforwelding.Itmusthavereliablesafegroundingforcrust.3.9.3Controllingdeviceofwirefeedermusthavecorrespondingcontrollingfunctionaswiththeinputcharacteristicofweldingpowersource,rugulatecurrentandvoltageuniformly.3.9.4Weldinggunmusthavecurrentvolumeandcanbeusedforalongtime,convenientoperationtowelder,feedingwiresteadily.Crustofweldinggunmusthavebetterinsulatedproperty. 4人員PersonnelCO2保護(hù)焊的焊工必須經(jīng)過專門培訓(xùn)和考試,并按船級(jí)社合格證所規(guī)定之類別從事產(chǎn)品焊接。手工電弧焊焊接的焊工持證方能上崗。WelderforCO2gas-shieldedarcweldingwhomustbespeciallytrainedandexaminedcanbepermittedtoworkonitemsruledincertificateissuedbySociety.Welderforcoveredelectrodemanualarcweldingcan’tworkunlesswithcertificate.5工藝要求Technologyrequirement5.1根據(jù)圖紙的要求或者焊工根據(jù)焊接規(guī)范中焊件的厚度等確定設(shè)備底座的焊腳尺寸、焊接順序、方式等。Accordingtodrawingrequirementsorthicknessofweldmentwhichisinweldingspecification,sizeofweldingtoe,weldingsequence,weldingmeansetcwhichareforequipmentbasewillbedecided.5.2焊接規(guī)范中對(duì)焊接電流與電弧電壓的匹配要求較高,因此在施焊過程中,若焊接電流發(fā)現(xiàn)變化,應(yīng)及時(shí)調(diào)整電弧電壓,使之處于最佳狀態(tài)。Inthecourseofweldingprocess,adjustvoltageintimetomakethembest,ifweldingcurrentchanged.wedoso,becausethereishigherrequirementstocurrentandvoltage.5.3設(shè)備底座上船安裝前應(yīng)作好防繡漆,底座吊運(yùn)上船后應(yīng)妥善放置,并盡快安裝,不宜隨意亂丟,以防遺失、損壞。Antirustcoatingshouldbewell-doneonthegroundforequipmentbasetobeinstalled,itshallbeputingoodorderonthehull,installitasquicklyaspossible,avoidlosing,destruction.5.4查看底座所裝區(qū)域的甲板或圍壁是否平整(一般待火工校正后安裝)。Checktheplaceofdeckorhousewallswherethebaseshallbeinstalledwhetheritisflat(installitafterbeingproofreadedbyfire)5.5凡有甲板敷料的艙室其底座要在敷料施工前定位裝焊結(jié)束。Baseofthecabinwithdeckcoveringshouldbefittedandweldedcompletelybeforecovering.5.6底座切割后應(yīng)清除氧化鐵及毛刺等,其焊縫空隙不超過3mm,空隙長度不得10%。Toeliminateandinclusionafterthebasewascut,theweldsgapshouldn’texceed3mm,thelengthofgapshouldn’texceed10percentofall.5.7底座高度應(yīng)符合圖紙要求,甲板上的底座高度允許公差±5mm,圍壁上的底座高度允許公差±2mm。Heightofbaseshouldaccordwithrequirementofthedrawing,thepermittedtoleranceforheightofbaseonthedeckis±5mm,thepermittedtoleranceforheightofhousewallsis±2mm.5.8坐標(biāo)位置正確,常規(guī)底座允許公差≤5mm。Correctcoordinateposition,thepermittedtoleranceforcommonbaseis≤5mm.5.9底座面水平,四角不平度1米長度內(nèi)≤2mm。Basesideshouldbeplane,planenessamongfourangles:≤2mmintherangeofonemeter.5.10底座結(jié)構(gòu)方向符合圖紙要求,其底腳最低處必要時(shí)須開流水孔。Directionofbasestructureshouldaccordwithdrawingrequirements.Makingaholewhichwillbetodischargewaterifthereisaneedatthelowestplaceofbottomtoe.6工藝過程Technologyprocess6.1安裝程序Installingprocedure劃線→底座就位→水平面校正→對(duì)角線校正→劃出底腳切割線→切割底座多余部位→去除毛刺→第二次就位→校對(duì)水平面、對(duì)角線→底座焊裝Drawingline→Baseprimaryfixing→Proofreadlevel→Proofreaddiagonal→Drawcuttinglineofbottomtoe→Cuttingsuperfluouspartsofbase→Removinginclusions→Formalfixing→Proofreadlevelanddiagonal→Weldingofbase6.2手工電弧焊Coveredelectrodemanualarcwelding6.2.1應(yīng)按焊接材料保管要求,焊條經(jīng)過焙烘、保溫后保存。每次領(lǐng)出堿性焊條使用不能超過4小時(shí),高強(qiáng)度鋼用焊條須用保溫筒加熱保溫。Electrodeneedbeheatedandkeptwarm,beforepreserved.Allthethingsshouldbedoneaccordingtostoragerequirementsofweldingconsumable.Alkalineelectrodetakenoutshouldbeusedupwithin4hours,electrodeforhighstrengthsteelneedtobekeptwarmwithkeeping—warmbox.6.2.2施焊規(guī)范和要求,應(yīng)嚴(yán)格遵照有關(guān)工藝文件的規(guī)定,不得隨意更改。Weldingspecificationandrequirementruledbytechnologicaldocumentcouldn’trejiggeroptionally,itshouldbecarriedoutstrictly.6.2.3Beforewelding,technologymeasuresofpreventingdeformationshouldbetakenforslightplate.6.2.4應(yīng)根據(jù)板厚和施焊工藝位置來決定其直徑,第1、2道打底焊縫最好采用φ3.2、φAccordingtoplatethicknessandweldingpositiontochooseelectrodediameter,￠3.2,￠4arethebestchoiceforthefirstandthesecondrunofbottomweld,bottomweldsshouldbefilledmore.6.2.5采用多層焊時(shí),每層焊道的始末端應(yīng)交錯(cuò)Formultilayerwelding,thereisa30-50mmdistanceofstartandendbetweenrunweldedandtheruntobewelded.6.2.6Mustremovetheslagandspatterofthelastlayerandrepairit,andthentoweldnextlayer.6.2.7Annealingrunthatimproveresistingfatiguestrengthwillbeoperatedonthetoplayerofweldswithlowdiameterlowenergyinput,whenweldbuttjointofpipesforhighstrengthandlimitwithCoveredelectrodemanualarcwelding.6.2.8焊縫末端收口處應(yīng)填滿弧坑,以防止產(chǎn)生弧坑裂紋。Endcratershouldbefilledfullyinordertopreventproducingcratercracking.6.2.9在去除臨時(shí)焊縫、定位焊縫、缺陷、焊疤和清根時(shí),均不得損傷母材。Don’tdestroybasemetal,whenremovetemporarywelds,tackwelds,defects,overlapsandgouging.6.3CO2氣體保護(hù)焊CO2gas-shieldedarcwelding6.3.1Removingwater,rust,oxidation,oilandotherinclusions.6.3.2檢驗(yàn)確認(rèn)焊機(jī)及其附屬設(shè)備以及供氣系統(tǒng)都能正常工作。Checkingweldingmachineanditssubsidiaryequipment,thesystemofsupplygas,whethertheycandowell.6.3.3在更換焊機(jī)的主要部件后必須檢驗(yàn)并確認(rèn)焊機(jī)能在使用的焊接條件下正常工作。Mustcheckandconfirmthatweldingmachinecanworknormallyontheconditionofwelding,aftermajorcomponentwillbechanged.6.3.4噴嘴必須經(jīng)常清理,導(dǎo)電嘴亦須經(jīng)常更換。在焊接過程中要避免焊槍軟管過渡彎曲。Nozzlemustbecleaned,contactnozzlemustoftenchangedtoo.Wireconduitshouldavoidbeingbent.6.3.5由于風(fēng)對(duì)氣體的保護(hù)效果危害較大,室外焊接施工時(shí)在風(fēng)速超過2m/secTakecorrespondingprotectivemeasure,ifwindspeedexceeds2m/secoutsidewhenwelding.6.3.6Paymuchattentiontothestartandendofwelds,wheredefectscomeintobeingeasily.6.3.7Atfirst,regulateweldingspecificationbytherequirementsofweldingprocedure,andthentoweld.6.4CO2氣體保護(hù)焊操作要領(lǐng)OperationitemsforCO2gas-shieldedarcwelding.6.4.1焊接中,焊槍角度后仰15°～20°,焊絲伸出長度為(10～15)mm。Theangleofgunis15°～20°backwards,dryextensionofwireis10—15mm.6.4.2當(dāng)采用橫向擺動(dòng)運(yùn)條方法時(shí),擺動(dòng)幅度稍大于根部間隙或前一層焊縫兩趾端,并略作停頓,以保證根部及兩趾間熔透。Whentaketransverseswingmovingwire,thewidthofswingrangeislittlebiggerthangapofrootorthewidthoflayer,stoppingalittletimethere,inordertomakesurethepenetrationofrootandedges.6.4.3中途熄弧時(shí),必須用砂輪將弧坑打磨成圓滑過渡,再引弧繼續(xù)焊接。當(dāng)焊縫與定位焊相接時(shí),必須將定位焊去除,然后再引弧焊接。Ifyouwanttocontinuetoweldfromthepositionwhereyoustopwelding,mustgrindthecratermakingitpliable.Whenweldsmeettackwelds,removetackweldsandthentoignite.7安全衛(wèi)生Safetyandprotecting7.1焊接操作者必須使用面罩、安全帽、皮手套等遮光保護(hù)用具,防止灼傷和燙傷。Topreventburning,weldermustuseprotectivethings,suchas:veil,cap,leathernglovesetc.7.2工作中,應(yīng)注意周圍環(huán)境是否有易燃易爆物品,以防止飛濺引起的火災(zāi)事故。Spattercouldcausefire,sohavetocheckwhethertherearesomethingthatwillbeburningandexplodingeasilyaroundtheweldment.7.3狹小艙室或密閉艙室應(yīng)采取必