Unit+2+Making+a+Difference+重點詞匯講解課件【高效備課精研+知識精講提升】 高中英語外研版（2019）必修第三冊

Unit2Makingadifference

BeingreadytohelpothersisatraditionalChinesemoralvirtue.

仁者愛人，

樂善好施In1963,ChairmanMaoZedongdesignatedthedayas"LearnFromLeiFengDay"andstartedanationalcampaignforpeopletocopyhisgooddeeds.FallingonMarch5,"LearnfromLeiFengDay"isadaysetasidetohonorthespiritofhelpingothers.CharityDayinChina

Thereareover85milliondisabledpeopleinChina.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologyinthecountry,morecharityorganizationsandpeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofusingittohelppeopleinneed.

BothLearnFromLeiFengDayandCharityDayinChinaremindusofthepowerofgiving.Let’sstartsmall!FlorenceNightingale弗洛倫斯·南丁格爾Howmuchdoyouknowaboutthe3people?BaiFangli

白方禮RedAdair雷德·阿代爾BaiFangliwasa

retiredworkerinTianjin.

Hestartedridingtricyclestomakemoneywhenhewas74,and

donated

hisincometopoorstudents.In2005,hepassedawayattheageof93.In2012,hewasawardedaspecialhonourfor“TouchingChina”.BaiFangli

白方禮(1913-2005)FlorenceNightingaleOftencalled“theLadywiththeLamp,”FlorenceNightingalewasacaringnurseandfounderofmodernnursing.Sheismostlyknownformakinghospitalsacleanerandsaferplacetobe.Thedeathratedeclinedgreatlybecauseofherefforts.RedAdairRedAdair(1915-2004)wasanAmericanoil-wellfirefighter.Duringhiscareer,heandhiscompanyputoutlotsoffiresinternationally,includingtheexplosionofthePiperAlphaoilrig（鉆井）intheNorthSeaandtheoil-wellfiresinKuwait科威特.Therearesomanygreatpeoplearoundtheworld.Whatcommonqualitiesdotheyshare?greatpatientkind-heartedselflessdevoteddeterminedcontributiveGreatpeoplegenerousTheWellthatChangedtheWorldUnit2TheWellthatChangedtheWorldThis13-year-oldAfricangirlhastospend8hoursadaytofetchwater.What’sworse,thisisthenormallifeforthepeoplearoundher.TickthesolutionsthatyouthinkaremostEffectivetosupplyAfricawithfreshwater.collectandpurifyrainwater

fundwaterprojectsbuildwellsandpumps

recyclewastewatersetupfacilitiestopurifywaterdevelopnewwaterconservationtechnologies【Activity1】WhatRyandidtohelpsolvetheproblemofwatershortageinAfrica?ReadandThinkRyanraised$2,000tobuildawellnearaprimaryschoolinUganda,andlatersetupafoundationtoattractmoresupporttoprovideclean,safewaterforpeopleinAfrica.TheRyan'sWellFoundationFind

outthe

structureofthepassage.ReadandThinkPart1Para.______Part2Para.______Part3Para.______12-56Why

did

Ryan

want

to

help?How

did

Ryan

help?Conclusion1.Whatisthetypeofthetext?A.Anarrative（記敘文）.B.Anargumentativewriting（議論文）.C.Anexposition（說明文）.Careful-readingtimeresult（結果）character(人物）cause（起因）placeprocess（經(jīng)過）narrative（記敘文）sixelements（要素）RyanCanadaandAfricaFromasix-year-oldschoolboytoanadultCause?Manypeopleindevelopingcountriescouldn'tgetenoughcleanwater.1)WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?2)Whyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?buildasinglewell$70$2000setupafoundationcleanedwindows;didgardeningencouragemorepeopletohelptobuildmorewells.Process?builtawellaskedforhelpfromclassmatesandneighbors;afriendofRyan'smotherhelpedhim.Whatdidhedo?Why?Effect?madeadifferencetothesechildrenmadeadifferencetotheworldToday,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.Think&Share1.

WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkRyanis?

Whichofhisqualities（n.品質）doyouadmire（v.欽佩；欣賞）most?Why?Ryanissympathetic（有同情心的）,helpful,thoughtful（體貼的）,kind-hearted,warm-hearted,clever,intelligent,brave,courageous,determined,persistent（堅持不懈的），practical（務實的）...Post-reading1.contributionn.貢獻，捐贈

→詞性轉換：contributev.貢獻，捐贈，有助于，（為報紙、雜志、電臺或電視節(jié)目）撰稿

(1)contributeanarticletoamagazine,newspaper,orbook(2)Wecontributed￡5,000totheearthquakefund.(3)Designfaultsinthecar

contributedtothetragedy.(3)Itisourdutytomakecontributionstoourmotherland.1.contributionn.貢獻，捐贈

→詞性轉換：contributev.貢獻，捐贈，有助于，（為報紙、雜志、電臺或電視節(jié)目）撰稿

makecontributions/acontributiontosth/doingsth

為…做出貢獻contribute…to/towardsdoing把…貢獻給…contributetodoingsth

導致，有助于高分寫作每個人都應當為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻。（contribution）———————————————————————————Everyoneshouldmakeacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment.2.reliefn.減輕，緩解→詞性轉換：relievev.

解除，減輕，緩解inrelief

如釋重負，松了口氣toone’srelief

令某人如釋重負的是Itisarelieftodosth.

做某事令人放松Autobots,relievethemoftheirweapons.Freeze!3.shortagen.短缺，不足，缺乏

→近義詞：lack

theshortageofmoney缺錢

beshortof

缺乏，缺少4.internal

adj.

內部的

反義詞：

external

外部的

internalinjuries內傷internalaffairs/trade/markets內政；國內貿易/市場internalfreshwaterresource內陸淡水資源詩詞翻譯Notpleasedbyexternalgains,notsaddenedbypersonallosses.

不以物喜，不以己悲。5.effective

adj.

有效的，產(chǎn)生預期效果的

→近義詞：efficientadj.

高效的→反義詞：ineffectiveadj.

無效果的effectn.作用，影響

affectv.作用，影響havean/noeffecton/upon

對…有/沒有影響comeintoeffect

生效，開始實施1.Theysaytheywouldliketocontibutemore_____charity,butmoneyistightthisyear.2.Toourgreat_______(relieve),Dadreturnedhomesafeandsound.3.Weareconvincedthatlaughterhasapositiveeffect_______ourphysicalandmentalhealth.Exercisetoreliefon1.Thelawwillcome_______effectatthestartofOctober.

2.Sofarthereisno_________(effect)waytogetridof(擺脫)it.

Exerciseeffectiveinto

Para.1

Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose—onlytenstepsaway.So,Ryanaskedhimself,“WhydosomeAfricanchildrenhavetowalktenkilometrestogetwatereveryday?Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick?”YoungRyanthought,“Lifeiseasyforme,buthardforthosepeople.Whydon’tIhelp?”

fountainn.

噴水池drinkingfountain

(設于公共場所的)噴泉式飲水器Importantsentences1.Asasixteen-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.同位語從句譯：

年僅六歲的加拿大男孩瑞安難以相信老師說的話—在欠發(fā)達的非洲國家，許多人都喝不到足夠的干凈的水。havetrouble(in)doingsth:做某事有困難havenotrouble(in)doingsth:做某事沒困難egWehadnotroublefindingtheaddress.haveaproblem(in)doingsthhavedifficulty(in)doingsthdoing和done做定語developingcountries發(fā)展中國家developedcountries發(fā)達國家eg

theboilingwatertheboiledwater

thefallingleavesthefallenleaves

在分詞作定語的用法中，現(xiàn)在分詞常常表示動作“未完成或正在進行”；過去分詞可以表示動作“已經(jīng)完成”。Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy,Ryanhadtrouble

believing

thewordsspokenbyhisteacher

thatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.that引導同位語從句對名詞words作解釋說明。that引導的同位語從句多位于idea,fact,evidence,hope,belief,wish,doubt,news,advice,suggestion,promise等表示抽象意義的名詞之后egThereisnodoubtthathewouldpasstheexam.Importantsentences2.Helookedacrosstheclassroomatthedrinkingfountain.Itwasveryclose-onlytenstepsaway.譯：

瑞恩的目光掠過教室，望向對面的噴泉式飲水器。它是那么近，只有十步之遙。awashingmachineawalkingstickaswimmingpool高中必背look相關的短語lookover（迅速地）檢查lookthrough瀏覽；看穿；對……故意視而不見；翻找lookacross(從一邊向另一邊）望過去lookafter照看；料理lookfor尋找lookforwardto期望lookup查閱

Para.2

Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Hecleanedwindowsanddidgardeningforhisfamilyandneighbours.Hesoonreachedhisfirsttargetof$70,butwhenhegavethemoneytoacharity,hewastoldthatitactuallycost$2,000tobuildawell.Seventydollarswasonlyenoughforahandpump.Ryanunderstoodthatahandpumpwouldn’thelpthechildren.Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.

handpump手搖泵footpump腳踏泵6.earnn.掙（錢）；贏得

→詞性轉換：earningsn.

薪水，工資，收入

earnmoney掙錢earna/one'sliving謀生earnone'srespect

贏得某人的尊重earnafortune

掙大錢earnone’sownliving自食其力earn/makealivingby/from

靠……謀生earn短語earnareputation贏得聲譽【教材金句】Atfirst,hisplanwastoearnmoneytobuildasinglewellsomewhereinAfrica.Dyingtosurvive

ThemovietoppedChina’sboxofficesinceitsreleaselastweek,earning

$200minfourdays.

Para.3

Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.Hewasdeterminedtohelpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemto

donatemoney.Atthesametime,afriendofRyan’smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.Afterseveralmonths,Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000,withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.Thechildrenattheschoolnolongerneededtowalkforhourstogetwater.Theyweregratefultohimandinvitedhimtovisit.

Uganda

/ju??g?nd?/

烏干達

（非洲東部國家）

7.donatev.捐贈，捐獻

→詞性轉換：donationn.

捐獻

donorn.捐獻者

donate...to...

把……捐贈給……donationbox捐贈箱高考鏈接Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.2018年高考英語全國卷3閱讀理解閱讀D原文【教材金句】Twothousanddollarswasalotofmoney,butRyandidn’tgiveup.give相關短語giveahand

幫助giveaway

泄露（秘密）；贈送giveout

釋放（氣體、熱量、氣味等）；耗盡【教材金句】Hewasdeterminedtohelpotherchildrenhavecleanwater.determinev.決定;確定determinetodosth下定決心做某事determined

adj.

有決心的，堅定的bedeterminedtodosth下定決心做某事【教材金句】Hestartedtoaskforhelpfromhisclassmatesandneighboursandpersuadedthemtodonatemoney.persuadevt.

勸說，說服persuadesb.todosth.=odoingsth.說服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.=persuadesb.outofdoingsth.勸阻某人做某事persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事【教材金句】Atthesametime,afriendofRyan’smotherhelpedmakehisstorygopublic.gopublic

公之于眾gobad

變壞gowild

欣喜若狂

Para.4

InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.Butthatwasnotall.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.Someevenofferedhimfoodandgifts.AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.

breakintoasmile

突然笑起來

【教材金句】Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.turnout(tobe)+adj最后結果是/最終成為…turnout出席；參加拓展：turnaround/round

轉過身turnup

音量調高，出現(xiàn)turndown

拒絕【教材金句】AtfirstRyanwasnervous,butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.

breakintoasmile

突然笑起來makeadifference

有作用，有影響拓展：burstinto+n=burstout+doing

突然...起來

burstintotears

/

laughterburstoutcrying

/

laughing

Para.5

Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.Manyinspiredpeoplegavehimtheirsupport.Ryan’sfoundationcontinuestoattractsupportfrommoreandmorepeople,sotheworkofbuildingmorewellscangoon.Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.foundation

n.基金會

【教材金句】Later,Ryan’sexperienceledhimtosetupafoundationtoencouragemorepeopletohelp.setup建立=found（founded-founded）拓展：setaboutdoing著手，開始setouttodo

開始做setoff

出發(fā)，動身；使爆炸；引發(fā)setaside留出setdown 放下；寫下【語境應用】用set短語的正確形式填空。1)We________discussingwhenandhowweshouldfinishthetask.2)Anymovementcouldhave_______thebomb.3)Tryto________sometimeeachdayforexercise.4)Thebandare_________onaEuropeantourinMarch.5)Sheplansto_______herownbusiness.setupsetoffsetaboutsetasidesettingout【教材金句】Today,over800,000peoplein16countriesacrossAfricahavebenefitedfromthelife-changinggiftofclean,safewater.benefitfrom從....受益拓展：beneficial

adj.有益的;有利的bebeneficialto

...對....有好處【語境應用】

根據(jù)漢語意思補全下面句子（每空一詞）。1)眾所周知，運動有益于我們的健康。Asweallknow,exercise________________________.2)我們得益于每天做操。We________________dailyexercises.3)她待在國外因生病而未得到多大好處。Becauseofillness,shedidn't________________________

________herstayabroad.benefitsourhealthbenefitfromgetmuchbenefit

from

Para.6

Now,asanadult,Ryansaysthatthequestiontoaskisnot“Whydon’tIhelp?”,but“HowcanIhelptoday?”.Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboywhohadthecourageandperseverancetomakehisdreamareality.insight

n.頓悟，猛醒perseverance

n.不屈不撓，堅持不懈makehisdreamareality 使某人夢想成真

Importantsentences

Thisinsightgrewfromthedeterminedattitudeofasix-year-oldboy

「whohadthecourageandperseverance

（tomakehisdreamareality）」.譯：

這份領悟，始于一個有勇氣和毅力實現(xiàn)夢想的六歲男孩那顆堅定不移的心。makesth.areality使……成為現(xiàn)實becomeareality成為現(xiàn)實face/acceptreality面對/接受現(xiàn)實escapefromreality逃避現(xiàn)實1.KnowingthatmanypeopleinAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater,Ryanwas_____.A.happyandworried B.surprisedandconcernedC.excitedandcurious D.angryanddisappointed2.WhatdidRyanplantodofirst?A.TohelpbuildawellsomewhereinAfrica. B.Tohelpbyahandpump.C.Todonatesomemoneytoacharity. D.Tosetupafoundation.3.HowdidRyangetenoughmoneytobuildawell?A.Hepersuadedhisneighborstodonatemoney.B.Heaskedhisclassmatestodonatemoney.C.Hismother’sfriendmadehisstorygopublic.D.Allabove.4.What’stheinfluenceofRyan’sfoundation?A.AwellwasbuiltinUganda.B.Over800,000peopleinAfricahavehadcleanwater.C.Over800,000wellshavebeenbuilt.D.AlltheAfricanscandrinkcleanwaternow.5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.RyanwasdeterminedtogiveuphisplantobuildawellinAfrica.B.TobuildawellinUganda,Ryanmanagedtoraise$2,000.C.WhenRyansawthedelightedstudents,hewasveryhappy.D.RyansetupafoundationinordertohelpmorepeopleinAfrica.ThepowerofGood“TheBritishSchindler”:thelifeofNicholasWintonBiography傳記善行的力量“英國辛德勒”：尼古拉斯·溫頓的生平OskarSchindler(1908—1974)Germanbusinessman;savedthelivesofapproximately1,100JewsduringWorldWarII;Theworldfamousfilm,

Schindler'sList

辛德勒的名單,wasbasedonOskarSchindler'sstory.Lookatthewordcloudandpredictwhatthemaninthepicturesmighthavedone.frightenedchildrensavedNazispublicattentionduringWorldWarIIbusinessBritainJewishheartbrokenparentsvarioushonorsforgottenjournal他是被人稱為“英國辛德勒”的Winton爵士..當年，27歲的他安排9輛火車，從納粹手里救出了669個孩子。當年，29歲的他是倫敦的一個股票交易員。在朋友的邀請下，他去瑞士滑雪的時候，路過了捷克。在捷克，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一大批被納粹扣留的猶太人兒童..他頓時感受到了需要立刻解救這批兒童的急迫性。開始在各國當局間游走，希望能夠有國家接收這些孩子。他又用各種在捷克的關系，花了自己各種積蓄和大半年的時間，安排了9輛火車，可惜，第九輛火車被攔截在邊境..車上的200個孩子被遣返….之后押回集中營，無一生還….頭8輛火車里，他救出了669個孩子?；氐接?，他又各種聯(lián)系了英國的家庭，逐個把這些孩子安排好，這才得以健康成長。這669個孩子，加上他們的子孫后代，據(jù)媒體估計，有6000人，因為他當年的拯救而得以活在這個世界上….WordsandexpressionsNaziJewishaidtemporarymilitaryrisetoone’sfeetachievementknighthoodn.納粹黨員，納粹分子n.猶太人的，猶太教的v.

幫助，援助adj.短期的，短暫的n.軍隊

站起身n.成就，成績n.爵士Wordsandexpressionschiefmajortreatmentobtaindrugcertificateministryfurtheradj.最高級別的adj.重要的，主要的n.

治療；療法v.獲得，得到n.藥物，藥材n.證明書，證書n.(政府的)部adj.更多的，附加的8.aidv./n.幫助，援助

firstaid

急救firstaidkit急救箱legalaid法律援助8.aidv./n.幫助，援助

withtheaidof...

在......的幫助下inaidofsb./sth.為了幫助某人/某事【高考鏈接】Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.（2018課標全國III）9.achievement【C】n.成績，成就

【U】n.實現(xiàn)，完成asenseofachievement

成就感makeachievements取得成就→詞性轉換：achievevt.實現(xiàn)，達到achievesuccess取得成功achieveone'sdream實現(xiàn)某人的夢想10.majoradj.重要的，主要的

n.

（大學里的）專業(yè)

→反義詞：minoradj.

較小的，次要的

n.

輔修→詞性轉換：majorityn.

大多數(shù)beinthemajority占多數(shù)11.treatment

n.

治療，療法

medicaltreatment醫(yī)療emergencytreatment急救處理11.treatment

n.

治療，療法

→詞性轉換：treatv.

對待，請客，招待，把......看作treat...as...把...看作...treatsbwith以...方式對待某人

Para.1

ItisAugust1939,andagroupoffrightenedchildrenareboardingatrainatPrague’sWilsonStation.Theirheartbrokenparentsdonotjointhem.Indeed,theyfeartheymayneverseetheirchildrenagain.Buttheyknowthattheirchildrenwilllive.Theseareamongthe669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.

board

vt.上船(或火車、飛機、公共汽車等)

Theseareamong669children,mostofthemJewish,thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.atthehandsof...在……手中；出自……之手①Thekidsufferedalotatthehandsofhisstepfather.這孩子備受繼父虐待。②Theprisonersgotgoodtreatmentatthehandsofhiscaptors(捕獲者).這些俘虜在捕獲者手里受到良好的待遇。這些是669名兒童中的一部分(其中大部分是猶太人),尼古拉斯·溫頓將繼續(xù)拯救這些孩子免遭納粹毒手。同位語限制性定語從句

Para.2

NicholasWintonwasbornon19May1909inLondon,toGerman-Jewishparents.ThefamilylatertookBritishnationality.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.HereturnedtoBritainin1931,whereheworkedinbusiness.

German-Jewishparents

德裔猶太人

Onleaving

school,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.

一離開學校，溫頓就在德國和法國的銀行里工作了。OnarrivinghomeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.=AssoonasIarrivedhome,Idiscoveredtheyhadgone.我一到家就發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)離開了。ondoingsth一……就……，相當于assoonas引導的狀語從句

Para.3

InDecember1938,afriendaskedWintontocometoPraguetoaidpeoplewhowereescapingfromtheNazis.InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandwhoseliveswereindanger.HedecidedtohelptransportchildrentosafetyinBritain.Heestablishedanofficetokeeprecordsofthechildren,andthenreturnedtoBritaintofindtemporaryhomesforthem.Heuseddonatedfundsandhisownmoneytopaythe50poundsperchildthattheBritishgovernmentrequired.ByAugust1939,Wintonhadsaved669children.

escapefrom

從......逃離keeprecordof把…記錄下來;保留…的記載;保持…記錄

2.InPrague,Wintonsawpeoplelivinginterribleconditionsandwhoseliveswereindanger.定語從句現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語condition:

①Workingundersuchaconditionisterrible.在這樣的環(huán)境下工作太可怕了。②Hisbodyisinhealthycondition.他的身體健康狀況良好。1）環(huán)境，條件2）狀況eg.①Isthistheboywh