河北省邯鄲市埝頭中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

河北省邯鄲市埝頭中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.PhysicistStevenChu,____Obama’sEnergySecretarylastMonday,wontheNobelPrizeintheyear1997.A.appointing

B.appointed

C.beingappointed

D.tobeappointed參考答案：B2.David'sfirstnovel,basedonhisexperienceas______lawyer,became_____bestsellerinAustralia．

A．a(chǎn);a

B．不填；a

C．a(chǎn);the

D．不填;the參考答案：A3.I’llleaveyoumymobilenumber________there’sanemergency.A.evenif

B.aslongas C.incase D.eversince參考答案：C

試題分析：考查連詞。A.evenif即使；B.aslongas只要；C.incase以防；D.eversince

自從；句意：我留給你我的電話號(hào)碼以防有緊急情況。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知選C項(xiàng)。

4.WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda_____-_forfineart.

A.way

B.relation

C.taste

D.habit參考答案：C5.—It’ssaidthatheisawiseleader.—Oh,no,heis________butawiseleader.A.anybody

B.anythingC.anyone

D.nothing參考答案：B【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：——據(jù)說(shuō)他是一位英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。——哦。不，他根本不是一位英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。anythingbut是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“根本不是”或“一點(diǎn)也不”，不僅可用于事物，也可用于人。故選B。6.Thenews

formerAppleexecutivechiefSteveJobspassedawaycameas

shocktoallofus．

A．that,不填

B．which,a

C．which,不填

D．that,a參考答案：D略7.

hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.

A．Since

B．Unless

C．As

D．Although參考答案：解析：D．英語(yǔ)中的副詞從句，即狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇主要依據(jù)句意及其邏輯關(guān)系而定。本題選D，although表示讓步，“雖然技術(shù)知識(shí)有限，但是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富?！?._______homeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetoplaybasketball.A.Solittle

B.Toomuch

C.Toolittle

D.Somuch參考答案：D9.Sheissittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinherhand，

herownthoughtsandfeelings．A．reflectingon

B．thinkingof

C．lettingout

D．referringto參考答案：A10.CustomerswillreceiveafreeCDasa______withanyorderover200yuaninthisstore.

A.payment

B.bonus

C.cash

D.benefit

參考答案：B11.Thelittlechildstoodonthechairtomakehimself_____taller.A.looking

B.tolook

C.looked

D.look參考答案：D略12.—Don’tyouagreewithwhathesaid?—Yes，

!Itcan’tbebetter．

A．a(chǎn)pproximately

B．ly

C．ly

D．partly參考答案：B13.

WhenIsawmumnod_______tome,Icalmeddownandwentonwithmyacting．

A．encouragingly

B．a(chǎn)mazingly

C．increasingly

D．a(chǎn)ccordingly參考答案：33．A考查副詞辨析。詞類(lèi)的考查異軍突起，在高考試卷中所占比例越來(lái)越大?？疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)更多是從語(yǔ)境和詞匯的含義去把握和選擇，很少考查同義詞或近義詞的辨析。語(yǔ)境說(shuō)媽媽對(duì)我點(diǎn)頭，我冷靜下來(lái)，從這些信息看，本題選A，媽媽用手勢(shì)語(yǔ)鼓勵(lì)我。

【解析】略14.

Remembernottotelephonemeafter7：30pm,forI____thestudentsintheclassroomthen.A.willcoach

B.willbecoaching

C.havebeencoaching

D.havebeencoached參考答案：B15.Thedoctortelephonedtosaythathecouldn’t____themeetingbecausehehadtolookafterapatient.A.join

B.attend

C.joinin

D.takepartin參考答案：B16.—We’dbettergodownstairsrightnowforlunch．

—____Theyservefood24hoursaday．

A.Hurryup!

B.Takeyourtime．

C.Itdoesn’tmatter.

D.Noway!參考答案：B略二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AtPriya'sweddingparty,hermothergaveheranewlyopenedbankbookandsaid,"Priya,keepitasa

26

ofyourmarriagelife．Whensomething

27

happens,putsomemoneyinandgiveabrief

28

toitnexttotheline．Thehappiertheeventis,themoremoneyyoucanputin．When

29

afteryears,youwillknowhowmuchhappinessyou've

30

"．PriyaandHiteshboththoughtitagreatideaandsoonmadethefirstdeposit（儲(chǔ)蓄）．31

,afteryears,theystarted

quarrellingandfighting．Theyboth

32

marryingtheworstpersonintheworld．OnedayPriyatalkedtohermother,"Mom,wecan't

33

itany

more．Wedecidedtogetadivorce!Ican'timagine

34

IdecidedtomarrythisGuy!!!"Hermotherresponded,"Justdowhateveryouwant,butbeforethatdoonethingfirst．35

thebankbookIgavetoyouonyourweddingparty?Takeoutallthemoneyand

36

itfirst．Youshouldn'tkeepanyrecordofsucha

37

marriage．"Priyathoughtitwas

38

．Soshewenttothebank,

39

todrawoutallthemoney．Whilewaitinginthequeue,shetookoutthebankbookandrecalledthememoriesofalltheprevious

40

．Hereyesfilledwithtears,sheleftina（an）

41

．Whenshereturnedhome,shehandedthebankbooktoHitesh,askinghimtospendthemoney．Thenextday,Hiteshgave

thebankbookbacktoPriya．

42

,shefoundanewdepositof$5000,withalinenexttotherecord:"ThisisthedayI

43

howmuchI'velovedyou．Howmuchhappinessyou'vebroughtme．"Much

44

,theyhuggedandcried,puttingthebankbookbacktotheir

45

．26．A．record

B．respect

C．remark

D．guide27．A．uncertain

B．unexpected

C．pleasant

D．a(chǎn)nnoying28．A．a(chǎn)rrangement

B．comment

C．promise

D．dream29．A．takingup

B．lookingout

C．takingin

D．lookingback30．A．harvested

B．bought

C．offered

D．wanted31．A．Besides

B．Anyway

C．Instead

D．However32．A．enjoyed

B．risked

C．regretted

D．stopped33．A．help

B．stand

C．blame

D．defeat34．A．what

B．where

C．why

D．when35．A．Return

B．Lose

C．Check

D．Remember36．A．devote

B．spend

C．lend

D．waste37．A．happy

B．poor

C．simple

D．traditional38．A．reasonable

B．faithful

C．hopeful

D．responsible39．A．planning

B．pretending

C．hesitating

D．preferring40．A．trouble

B．experiences

C．quarrels

D．happiness41．A．panic

B．ease

C．hurry

D．while42．A．Interestingly

B．Naturally

C．Disappointingly

D．Surprisingly43．A．a(chǎn)dmit

B．search

C．realize

D．declare44．A．a(chǎn)ttracted

B．tired

C．puzzled

D．moved45．A．safe

B．mother

C．bank

D．Wedding參考答案：26—30ACBDA

31—35DCBCD

36—40BBAAD

41—45CDCDA三、閱讀理解18.Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引發(fā))thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR,近紅外線)onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultraviolet(UV,紫外線)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)

absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat'sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反應(yīng)的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What'smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?A.Temperaturechange.

B.NIRlight.

C.Aciditychange.

D.UVlight.64.

WhyinONBunsatisfactory?A.

ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.

Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.

Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D.

Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges??Partofthecresolis____.??A.protected

B.formed

C.exposed

D.combined參考答案：BDC略19.About5,000childrendieeachdayduetopreventablediseasessuchascholeraanddysentery(痢疾),whichspreadwhenpeopleuseuncleanwaterfordrinkingorcooking.Alackofwaterforpersonalhealthleadstothespreadoftotallypreventablediseasesliketrachoma,whichhasblindedsomesixmillionpeople.Watertroublesalsotrapmanylow-incomefamiliesinacycleofpovertyandpooreducationandthepoorestsuffermostfromlackofaccesstowater.Peoplewhospendmuchoftheirtimeonillhealth,caringforsickchildren,orcollectingwateratdistancesaveraging3.75milesadaydon’thaveeducationalandeconomicopportunitiestobettertheirlives.Agricultureiscalledthelion'sshareoffreshwaterworldwide,usingsome70percent,andindustrialusesconsumeanother22percent.Waterareashavenopoliticalbordersandnationsdon'talwaysworktogethertosharecommonresources,sowatercanbeafrequentsourceofinternationalconflictaswell.Day-by-daydemandkeepsgrowing,furtherneedingwatersources,fromgreatriverstogroundwater.“We’regoingdeeperintodebtonourgroundwateruse,”P(pán)ostelsaid,“andthathasverysignificantimpactsonglobalwatersecurity.Therateofgroundwaterconsumptionhasdoubledsince1960.”SomeofEarth'sgroundwaterisfossilwatercreatedwhenEarth'sclimatewasfardifferent.Todaysuchwaterisaslimitedaspetrol.“Butwe'repumpingmuchofthemoutfasterthanever,”P(pán)ostelexplained.“Humanity'sgrowingthirstalsocausesamajorproblemaboutwaterandourecosystems.Andthatalsocreatesacosttous,tooursonsandtoourgrandsons,notjusttonature.”8.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A.Watershortagehasbeenamostseriouschallenge.B.Somanychildrendieofpollutedwatereveryday.C.Diseasesshouldbeproperlycontrolledandtreated.D.Wastingwaterleadstotheunrestoftheworld.9.Whyisagriculturecalledthelion’sshareoffreshwater?A.Becauseagricultureismuchstrongerthanindustry.B.Becausemorepeopleliveontheagriculturalproduce.C.Becauseagricu