2023年北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三英語(yǔ)一模試題及答案

2023年北京市朝陽(yáng)區(qū)高三一模

英語(yǔ)試題

（考試時(shí)間90分鐘滿分100分）

本試卷共10頁(yè)?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在試卷上作答無(wú)效。

第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分洪15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并

在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Igraspedasandwichas1triedtofinishmyworkduringlunch.Mycompany,likemany

companies,had1costsbynotreplacingpeopleastheyleft.Thesurvivorshadtotake

upthework.Formeandmyco-workers,thismeantnolunchhour.Iwantedtoquit,butgiven

theeconomy,itwashardtofindanotherjob.Ifelt2.Thenaconversationwithasix-

year-oldgirdchangedmy3.

Theyounggirlwasstandinginlinewithhermomatthesupermarket.

"Gooddayatschool?"Iasked.

Anod.

“What'syourfavoritesubject?"

“Lunch.”

Ismiled.Thathadbeenmy4too.Atlunch,Icouldtalkwithmyfriends,draw

picturesorplaygames.Therewerenoadultstotellmewhattodo.Thetimewasmine.

Butwhathappenedtolunchtimenow?

IknewIwasentitledtoalunchbreakatwork.SoIdecidedto5it.Ourofficewas

locatedinthedowntownandIsetoutto6thearea.Afewblocksawaywasanart

museumwithfreeadmission.Attheendofanotherstreet,Iwassurprisedtodiscoversome

horseseatinggrassinafield.

Atthebeginningofmytoursduringlunch,Ireceivedsome7staresfrommyco-

workers,butIchosetoignorethem.Infact,Iwatchedinamazementthatsomeofthem

startedto8theirworkduringlunch.9,westartedinvitingeachotheroutforwalks

anddiscoveredwehadothertopicsofconversationbeyondthecommoncomplaintsabout

work.

I'mstilllookingforanewposition,butwithlessanxietythanbefore.Ifwecan'tchange

our10______,wecanchangeourattitude.

1.A.countedB.cutC.paidD.raised

2.A.trappedB.fearfulC.shockedD.hurt

3.A.workB.wayC.viewD.plan

4.A.decisionB.explanationC.secretD.answer

5.A.takeB.makeC.findD.stop

6.A.exploreB.measureC.developD.identify

7.A.innocentB.determinedC.sympatheticD.unpleasant

8.A.carryonB.takeoverC.putasideD.gothrough

9.A.GenerallyB.GraduallyC.AccidentallyD.Obviously

10.A.strategiesB.circumstancesC.responsibilitiesD.principles

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分洪15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在

給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

MysonZacksufferedfromautism(自|圮癥)whenhewastwo.Watchingamovietogether

wasanimportantroutineforus.Onanordinaryspringday,wewereenjoyingoneofhis

favoritemoviesthathe11(see)manytimesbefore.Itookhishandasusual.Suddenly

hestoodupandwrappedhisarmsaroundmeinabigbearhug.Youcouldimagine12

excitedIwas.Althoughitwasjustahug,itmeantalottome,13(fill)mewithgreatjoy.

B

Thisyear,the13thSpringFestivalJointExhibitionofChineseBooks,14themewas

"ReadingChina",washeldonJanuary24thin85bookstoresworldwide.It15(carry)

outavarietyofactivitiessuchasbookexhibitionsandculturalperformances.Booksdisplayed

intheexhibitionwerephilosophicalandartistic,whichcloselymettheneedsofoverseas

readers.Overall,thisyear'sbookexhibitionpresentedthenewestand16(fine)Chinese

publicationstolocalreaderssothattheycouldbetterunderstandChinainthenewera.

C

ChatGPTisanewartificialintelligencetechnology17(create)byOpenALItenables

machinestounderstandandrespondtohumanconversationsina18(nature)and

conversationalway.ChatGPThasshakenthetechworldsinceitwasopenedforpublicuse

lastyear.Whileitcertainlycomesacrossasknowledgeable,it'sfar19perfect.Itcannot

answerquestionsaboutthingsthathavehappenedrecentlybecauseit20(train)using

datafrom2021andbefore.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分洪28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

TheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)YouthForumisanannualinitiativeofthe

PresidentoftheCouncil.Ithasdevelopedintoakeyplatformwhereyoungpeoplecan

contributetopolicydiscussionsattheUnitedNations(UN).Thisyear'sYouthForumwilltake

placefrom25to27April,2023.

Objectives

TheForumaimstoengageyoungpeopleinadialoguewithMemberStates,

policymakersandotheractorstovoicetheirviewsandinspireactionsonhowtotransform

theworldintoabetterplaceguidedbytheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs).

Participantswillalsohavetheopportunitytocontributetothepreparatoryprocessofthe

SDGSummit.

The2023ForumwilladdressthethemeonspeedinguptherecoveryfromtheCOVID-

19andthefullimplementation(實(shí)施)ofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment.It

willalsoreviewprogressintheareasofaffordableandcleanenergy,andsustainablecities

andcommunities,etc.

Format

Thethree-dayeventwillfeatureplenary(全體出席的)sessionsandregionallybased

discussions,withthelastdaydesignedforthepreparationofthe2023SDGSummit.Talented

youthspeakerswilldelivershortpresentationsinbetweensessions.

ParticipationintheForumisbyinvitationonly.Theyouthparticipantsareselectedby

NationalYouthCouncils,regionalyouthorganizations,etc.

Theeventwillbeheldinamixedwayallowingforopportunitiesforin-personandvirtual

participation.Participantswillalsobeabletoaskquestionsviasocialmedia.

Thevoicesfromlastyear'sparticipants

2022ForumParticipants*Takeaway!2022ForumParticipants'Advice!

“TheYouthForumgavemethe"Usingsourcestheteamprovideswill

opportunitytodiscovertheskillsrequiredtoincreasetheefficiencyandeffectivenessof

masterpublicspeaking.Thetimecompletingtasks.1alsostronglyadvisethem

managementischallengingbutwefinishedtobeopentohearingeveryone'sdifferent

alltasksevenwithatightschedule.opinionsfromanobjectivepointofview.

21.TheECOSOCYouthForum2023will.

A.discusstheglobalrecoveryissue

B.selecttheyouthleadersfortheUN

C.setgoalsforsustainabledevelopment

D.gatheryoungpeopletobuildaplatform

22.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungparticipantscan.

A.registertojoinintheForumpersonally

B.givebriefspeechesinplenarysessions

C.takepartintheeventonlineandoffline

D.attendtheSDGSummitaftertheForum

23.Whatistheadvicefrom2022participants?

A.Tobewillingtoconsidervariousvoices.

B.Tomaketimearrangementsatoppriority.

C.Tomasterpublicspeakingskillsinadvance.

D.Tobeefficientwiththehelpofpolicymakers.

B

IwasfourwhenDadfirstshowedmehowtoskimstones,agameinwhichonethrows

smoothflatstonesintoarivertomakethemjumpacrossthesurface.I'dpasshourson

beacheswithmybrother,pickingupmuddystonesandskimmingthem.Itwassatisfying

makingthemdanceonthesurface.Thatperfectskim,wherethestoneglided（滑行），brought

mefantasticfeelings--andstilldoes.Iwasacompetitivechildandgoodatthrowing.I

enjoyedjavelin（標(biāo)槍）andwasonabaseballteam,butskimmingstoneswasjustforfun.

Inadulthood,thingschanged.InAugust2017,anadvertisementfortheAllEngland

OpenStoneSkimmingChampionshipsdrewmyattention.Isignedupandpaid￡2forthree

stones.Iskimmed28metersandtriedagainandagain,buyingmorestonestofeedmydesire,

finallyreaching37meters--whichwonmethirdplace.Idrovehomeexcitedly,and￡20

lighter.

Ireturnedtothe2018championship,hopingforachampion.Walkingontothesmall

throwingplatforminmytrainers,Ithrewadecent44metersandwon.Ispottedsomeone

wearingacompetitionsweaterwith"World"writtenacrossit."Where'sthat?"Iaskedand

hetoldmeabouttheannualWorldStoneSkimmingChampionshipsinScotland.

Itwasamonthawayandasix-hourdrive.Ithoughtaboutthecostanddistancefor

weeksuntil,thedaybeforethecontest,thefeelingofwinningmadeadecisionforme."I'm

going,"Iarrivedatahotelat10pm,butcouldn'tsleepfornervesandexcitement.Earlythe

nextmorning,Idrovetothecrossingwherethecompetitorshadbegunwaiting.Ropesand

buoys（浮標(biāo)）markeda63-metrecourse.Ihadnoideaifmybestscorewasgoodenoughto

win.Whenmynamewascalledattheprize-givingceremonythatafternoon,Iwasoverjoyed.

Iwasthewomen'sworldchampion.

I'mabigbelieveringivingthingsago.I'm42,andtobecomeaworldchampionatthis

stageisprettyleft-field.Itshowedmeitwasworthjumpinginthecarthatday——andproof

thatachildhoodspentthrowingmuddystonesfrombeacheswasn'twasted.

24.Whatdidtheauthorenjoyaboutthestoneskimmingasachild?

A.'Thecompetitivenessofthesport.

B.Theoutstandingabilityatthrowing

C.Thesatisfactiontheglideofthestonebrings.

D.'Thefuntimeshespentwithherdadatthebeach.

25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorallthewaythrougheverychampionship?

A.Herdiscipline.

B.Herdesiretowin.

C.Herconfidence.

D.Hereffortsontraining,

26.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?

A.Takeiteasyinfaceofchallenges.

B.Changetheworldbybeingyourself.

C.Abiggerstageisreadyforthosewhotry.

D.EitherIwillfindaway,orIwillmakeone.

C

Clownfishlivetheiradultlivesintheprotectivearmsofseaanemones,thesmallbrightly

coloredseaanimalsattachedontorockstohouseclownfish.Betweenbirthandadulthood,

however,thefishhavetocompleteatreacherousjourney.Afterhatching,theyswimoutto

theopenseatofinishdeveloping.Aftermaturing,theyoungfishswimback,duringwhich

theyhavetoavoida“wallofmouths"bysensingtheunfriendlysmells.Withocean

acidification,atrendthatisoccurringworldwide,scientistsbegantowonderwhatmight

happentofish'ssenseofsmell.

Myteamput300recentlyhatchedclownfishinourlab.Whenweintroducedafriendly

fishodor（氣味）,theydidnotreact.Butwhenweintroducedanenemyodor,theyswamaway.

Wethenrepeatedtheexperimentwith300newhatchlingsfromthesameparentsinthemore

accidiewater-alevelwecanexpectbytheyear2100ifcurrenttrendscontinue.Whenwe

introducedfriendlyandunfriendlysmellsatthesametime,thefishseemedunabletomake

uptheirminds,spendingequaltimeswimmingtowardonesmellandtheother.Theycould

sensechemicalsignalsbutcouldn'trecognizethemeaningofthem.

Itisalwaystrickytosaythatbehaviorsseeninalabwouldalsobeseeninthewild.So

wewenttoasandylakenearoneoftheGreatBarrierReef'snorthernislandstotesthowwild-

caughtdamselfishwouldreacttoenemysmellsafterexposingthemtoacidicwater.Inatank,

abouthalfofthemheldinwaterwithacidityexpectedby2050wereattractedtotheunfriendly

odorandhalfwerenot,yetnotoneheldinwateranticipatedby2100avoidedbeingattracted

totheenemyodor.Wethenletthemarkeddamselfishlooseinthelake.Thefishonceheld

inthemostacidicwaterswamfartherawayfromtheirprotectivehome.

Canfishadapt?Moststudieshavehabituatedfishtoliftedacidicconditionsoverafew

daysormonths--anextremelyshortlengthoftime.Theanimalsarenotgivenarealistic

opportunitytoadapt.Yetsomescientiststhoughtthatfishmightescapetheangerofocean

acidification,inpartbecauseearlyresearchdoneinthe1980sshowedthatcertainanimals

hadanastonishingabilitytoregulatetheirinternalchemistrytosurviveacidifiedwater.But

maintainingnormalfunctionssuchasavoidingdangerisadifferentchallenge.

Ataminimum,confusioncouldplaceyetanotherstressoronfishalreadychallengedby

risingwatertemperatures,overfishing,etc.Further,ifmanyoceancreaturesstarttobehave

strangely,entirefoodwebsandecosystemscouldcomecrashingdown.Althoughthescience

isstillnew,theresultsappeartobeliningup:oceanacidificationismessingwithfish'sminds.

27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"treacherous"inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Risky.

B.Hurried.

C.Mysterious.

D.Helpless.

28.Whatcanweleamaboutthefishintheacidicwater?

A.Theylosttheirsensestochemicalsignals.

B.Theywerelesslikelytorespondtothreats.

C.Theirbehaviorinthelabdisappearedinthewild.

D.Theytendedtoseektheprotectionfromtheirhome.

29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Theauthor'sstudyconfirmuspreviousfindings.

B.Fish'sadaptationtoacidicwaterisamatteroftime.

C.Differentfishesbehavedifferentlytoaciditychange.

D.Thechancesofrestoringfish'smindsareyettobeseen.

30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhatDoDifferentStressorsDotoOceanCreatures?

B.WhatDoesOceanAcidityMeantoOceanCreatures?

C.HowDoesOceanAcidificationDestroytheEcosystem?

D.HowDoOceanCreaturesAdapttoOceanAcidification?

D

Asnakerobotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicistandajournalist

walkintoaroom.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks:Shouldwebuildhousesonthe

ocean?Likeathink-tankpanel,membersoftheteamdreamupfaroutanswerstothecrucial

problem,suchasself-drivinghousingunitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthe

coastalcitycenter.

ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareas

rangingfromcleanenergytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecome

"projects"withfarreachingcreativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangtheworld,

likeWaymo,thebiggestself-driving-carcompany.

Inthepast60years,somethingstrangehashappened.Astheacademicstudyof

creativityhasthrived（蓬勃發(fā)展），thelabelinnovationmayhavecoveredeverytinychange

ofasodacanoratoothpasteflavor,buttherateofproductivitygrowthhasbeenmostly

decliningsincethe1970s.JohnFernald,aneconomist,pointsoutthatthenotableexception

tothepost-1970declineinproductivityoccurredwhenbusinessesthroughouttheeconomy

finallyfiguredoutthebreakthroughtechnology--informationtechnology.JohnFernaldsays,

"It'spossiblethatproductivitytookoff,becausewepickedallthelow-hangingfruitfrom

theITwave."Actually,theworldeconomycontinuestoharvestthebenefitsofIT.Butwhere

willthenexttechnologyshockcomefrom?

Breakthroughtechnologyresultsfromtwodistinctactivities-inventionandinnovation.

Inventionistypicallytheworkofscientistsandresearchersinlabs,whileinnovationisan

inventionputtocommercialuse.Seldomdothetwoactivitiesoccursuccessfullyunderthe

sameroof.Theytendtothriveinoppositeconditions;whilecompetitionandconsumerchoice

encourageinnovation,inventionhashistoricallyprogressedinlabsthatareprotectedfrom

thepressuretogenerateprofit.

Allowingwell-fundedanddiverseteamstotrytosolvebigproblemsiswhatgaveusthe

computerandtheInternet.Today,wefailtogiveattentiontoplantingtheseedsofthiskind

ofambitiousresearch,whilecomplainingabouttheharvest."Companiesarereallygoodat

combiningexistingbreakthroughsinwaysthatconsumerslike.Butthebreakthroughscome

frompatientandcuriousscientists,nottherushtomarket,"saysJonGartner,theauthorof

TheIdeaFactory.

"Technologyisatalltree,"JohnFernaldsaid."Butplantingtheseedsofinventionand

harvestingthefruitofinnovationareentirelydistinctskills,oftenmasteredbydifferent

organizationsandseparatedbymanyyears."Asforme,bothofthemareessentialfor

technology,althoughtheyarerelativelyindependent.Idon'tthinkXisaplanteroraharvester,

actually.Itislikebuildingtallerladders.Nobodyknowsforsurewhat,ifanything,the

employesatsuchenterprisesaregoingtofinduponthoseladders.Butthey'rereaching,At

leastsomeoneis.

31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Topresenttheprocessofgroupdiscussion.

B.ToillustrateX'sworryaboutbigproblems.

C.Torevealtheimportanceofthecrazyideas.

D.Tostressthevariedbackgroundsoftheteam.

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Breakthroughsmuststandthetestofthemarket.

B.Innovationonnecessitiescanpromoteproductivity.

C.Inventiondevelopsslowlyunderthepressureofprofit.

D.Theharvestofinnovationliesinsomeambitiousresearch.

33.RegardingJohnFernald'sviewontechnology,theauthoris.

A.supportive

B.cautious

C.uncertain

D.critical

34.WhatcanbeinferredaboutXfromthepassage?

A.Itwillfocusoninnovation.

B.Itwillhaveitsoutcomesoon.

C.Itmaygiveintoisfruitlessreality.

D.Itmaybringanencouragingoutlook.

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分洪10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將

該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Onceuponatime,wewereallquestion-askingexperts.Westartedaskingourparents

numerousquestionsaskids.Bypreschool,ourinquiriesevenreachedthedepthsofscience,

philosophy,andthesocialorder.Wheredoesthesungoatnight?Whydoesn'tthatman

haveahomelikewedo?Whydorockssinkbuticefloats?35

Whydoesthechild'surgetoaskquestionsgrowinactivein80manyadults?Animportant

factorishowthesocialenvironmentssurroundinguschangeasweage.Schoolstransform

fromaplaceforaskingquestionstoonefundedbyourabilitytoanswerthem.36And

werecognizethatsocietyrewardsthepeoplewhoproposetohavetheanswers.

37Wecanbebraveraboutaskingquestionsinpublicandencouragingothersto

pursuetheircuriosity,too.Inthatencouragement,wehelpcreateanenvironmentwhere

thosearoundusfeelsafetoaskquestions.

Whenitcomestohowwephrasequestions,weareadvisedtoopenwithlesssensitive

questions,favorfollow-upquestions,andkeepquestionsopen-ended.Wecanalsopractice

askingquestionsofandforourselvesbykeepingarunninglistofquestionsinajournal.

38Finally,wecouldsetasidetimetoaskabsurdquestionslike“Howwouldyou

accomplishaweek'sworkintwohours?"Thistypeofquestionsforcesustobreakthe

boundariesofourcomfortzone.

Intheworldthatdoesnotlookmuchasitdidyearsago,wemustaskquestions.39

Greatquestionscanopenupourcapacitytochangebecausetheyallowustodrawpeople

in,openingthemuptosharingknowledge,ideas,andopinions.Andtheyarealsoour

primarymeansoflearningabouttheworld.Inshort,askingquestionsisthebestwayto

deepenourunderstandingofthethingsthatmattertoourlife.Asanychildcouldprobably

tellusifweasked.

A.Then,atsomepoint,ourinquiringdesiresdisappear.

B.Itisahigh-payoffbehaviorespeciallyintimesofchange.

C.Thequestionsweaskdependonourattitudesaswellasthesituations.

D.Butaswegrowup,askingquestionsfillsuswithworryandself-doubt.

E.Assuch,onewaytorenewourinquiringspiritistochangetheatmosphere.

F.Welearntosellourselvesonthejobmarketbywhatweknow,notwhatwedon't.

G.Itnotonlyremovesthepublicityfromquestionasking,butoffersusaplacetoexperiment.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié),32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

OvertheyearsIhavebeenfascinatedtoreadaboutstudiesintothepoweroftouch.

Onefamousstudyexaminedvideosofhowpeoplerespondedtothosenearthemwho

hadbeenthevictimofabadfortune.Researcherslookedattheirinteractionwiththevictim,

andcomparedthiswithbehaviorsinnon-humanprimates（靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物）.Itfoundthathumans

andprimatescomfortoneanotheranddemonstratecareinasimilarway.Itmakessensefor

methatofferinghugstocalmvictimsmaybeaninstinctthatwegotfromprimateancestors.

Anotherstudyfoundthatwhenthehusbandorwifeofapatientinsorrowordiscomfort

reachesoutandholdstheirhandand,asifbymagic,theybecomesettledandlesssorrowful.

Perhapsweshouldn'tbesurprised,aswehaveknownformanyyearsabouttheimportance

oftouch.Itsymbolizessafetyandlove,andthisisactuallyoneofthemostimportantaspects

fordevelopmentasachild.Isitanywonderthat,whenweareupsetanddistressedasadults,

weseekoutthesamethings?Whetheryoungorold,humansarewiredtobetouched.

Nevertheless,manypeopletodaysufferfrom"touchhunger",whichtypicallyoccurs

whenapersonexperienceslittletouchorcontactforalongtime.Itservesasawarningthat

thesenseofsecurityandcarethatcomeswiththecontactoftouchismissing.Thus,their

well-beingcansuffer.Itisassociatedwithgreaterstress,anxietyandloneliness,andlower-

qualitysleep.

Actually,eventhebriefesttouchfromu8canbringstrongemotionalexperiencestothe

receiverswhosufferfromHtouchbunger".Awarmhandshake,agentlepatontheshoulder,

orahigh-fiveisoftenenoughtoconveyloveandcare.

Beagiver!

40.Whatdidthefirststudyfindabouttouch?

41.Whyistouchimportant?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain

why.

ATouchhasthegreatpowertogivepeoplewhosufferfrom"touchhunger"strong

emotionalexperiences,butabrieftouchlikeahandshakeistoolighttoconveyloveandcare.

43.Apartfromtouch,whatotherway(s)doyouoftenusetoexpressyourloveandcarein

yourI?(Inabout40words)

第二節(jié)(20分)

假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你正在組建與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)的研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組，請(qǐng)你

用英文給你校交換生Jim寫一封電子郵件,邀請(qǐng)他參加，內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹研究的具體內(nèi)容和意義；

2.說(shuō)明邀請(qǐng)?jiān)蚝推渌嚓P(guān)事宜。

注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

提示詞:研究性學(xué)習(xí)research-basedlearning

DearJim,

Yours,

LiHua