初中英語閱讀理解題型分析

ReadingComprehesionSTEP01STEP02STEP03STEP04體裁題型及對策答題步驟答題5忌單擊編輯標(biāo)題閱讀理解One1.敘述文以講述個人生活經(jīng)歷為主，由一定的時間概念貫穿其中，或順序或倒序。2.說明文提出問題---發(fā)現(xiàn)直接原因----分析深層原因-----得出結(jié)論或找到出路。3.議論文主張---反主張模式，作者首先提出一種普遍認(rèn)可的觀點(diǎn)或某些人認(rèn)可的主張或觀點(diǎn)，然后說明自己的主張或觀點(diǎn)，或者說提出反主張或真實(shí)情況。主要題型是作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題，文章主旨題以及推理判斷題。體裁一般在通讀短文后可直接找出答題依據(jù)，難度較小，屬淺層理解題。題型及對策1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題

nottrue\except\mentionsstates/reason

when(where,why,how,who,etc.)陳述的觀點(diǎn)5w1h四選一JuliaButterflyHill，anAmericanwoman，wasbornin1974．Shewas23yearsoldwhenshefoundthatacompanywantedtocutdownpartofaforestinCalifornia（加利福尼亞）．......WheredoesJuliaButterflyHillcomefrom？A．TheUSA．B．TheUK．C．Japan．D．China．theUSA等于AmericaA

Oneday,Mr.Smithwenttoadinnerparty.Hewaswearingveryoldclothes.Hecameintotheroom.Butpeopleintheroomdidn'tlookathim.Theydidn'taskhimtositatthetable.Hewasn'thappy.Buthesaidnothing.Mr．Smithwenthomequicklyandputonhisbestclothes．Hewentbacktotheparty．Everyoneintheroomstoodupandlookedathim.Theygavehimgoodfoodtoeat．Whenhecameintotheroom,thepeopledidn'tlookathim.Why?

A.Becausethepeopledidn'taskhimtocome.B.BecauseMr.Smithworeoldclothes.C.BecauseMr.Smithdidn'tsayhellotothemfirst.D.Becauseitwasnight,theydidn'tseehim.B2.推測詞義題正確理解短文中個別關(guān)鍵詞，利用同義詞、近義詞及給定義等方法推測詞。題型及對策M(jìn)r.Smithtookoffhiscoat,andputitonthefoodandsaid,"Eat，coat!"Theotherpeopleweresurprisedandasked,"Whatareyoudoing?Whydoyoudothat?"What'sthemeaningof"surprised"inChinese？A．高興的B．不滿的C．感到驚訝的D．生氣的C題型及對策1)抓住關(guān)鍵詞、短語、句子或段落，透徹理解文章內(nèi)容注意文章結(jié)構(gòu)層次和邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合閱讀材料外的有關(guān)生活、社會常識，作出準(zhǔn)確的推斷和引申。切不可憑空想象，主觀臆斷。2)熟悉常用的設(shè)問關(guān)鍵詞：suggest/

implyinferstate

conclude

暗示推斷總結(jié)陳述3.推理判斷題Mr．Smithanswered，"Iamaskingmycoattoeatfood．WhenIworeoldclothes，youdidn'tlookatme．Youdidn'taskmetositdown．NowIamwearingtheseniceclothes．Andyougivemegoodfood．NowIsee，yougivethefoodtomycoat，nottome．"Whichstatementisright？A．Apersoningoodclothesshouldeatgoodfood．B．Agoodcoatshouldeatgoodfood．C．Wecan'tjudge（判斷）amanbyhisclothes．D．Mr．Smithisstupid（愚蠢的）C1)領(lǐng)會全文大意，真正理解文章的話題和中心思想。讀懂文章的題目或一段短文的小標(biāo)題，尋找主題句(topicsentence)，常在一段的開頭或末尾。題型及對策2)熟悉常用的設(shè)問關(guān)鍵詞：mainidea/subject/theme/pointtitlepurpose

主題標(biāo)題目的4.歸納概括題Mrs.Weekswasreadinganewspaperstorytoherclass.Thestorysaid：Wereyoueverinahospitalwhenyouweresmall?Howdidyoufeel?ThedoctorsinChildren’sHospitalareaskingformoneyforchildren’stoys(玩具).Somechildreninthehospitalmuststayinbedformanyweeks.Toysareneededtokeepthesesick(生病的)childrenhappyandquiet.Moneyforthemcanbesenttothehospital.1.Whatwasthefirstnewspaperstorymainly(主要)about?A.SickchildreninChildren’sHospital

B.DoctorsinChildren’sHospital.

C.Mrs.Weeksandherstudents.

D.Toysmadebytheboysandgirls.

A高頻詞需注意根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容提供一幅或幾幅畫(地圖、示意圖或其他圖形)，對某種圖形進(jìn)行選擇或判斷題型及對策需要進(jìn)行一定的運(yùn)算或推算，才能做出正確的解答。這不僅需要對細(xì)節(jié)了解清楚，而且需要了解各細(xì)節(jié)之間的關(guān)系。6.計(jì)算理解題5.圖示理解題DESSERTSFruitsalad￥8.00Pearpancake￥6.00Applepie￥6.00

Icecream￥4.00DRINKSCoke￥5.00Coffee￥5.00Tea￥3.00Applejuice￥3.00Beer￥10.00Wine￥30.00Milk￥3.00Lemonade￥4.00What'sthepriceofpearpancakeandacupoftea？

A．￥8.00．B．￥9.00．C．￥7.00．D．￥6.00．B看清題目所問的內(nèi)容之后，要在原文中劃出原句，并標(biāo)上題號。這樣做的目的：1)做到萬無一失，保證把該拿到的分?jǐn)?shù)拿到手。2)減少閱讀文章的次數(shù)，爭取寶貴的時間。題型及對策7．1A類題：可以直接從原文中找到答案的題目2B類題：不能夠從原文中直接找到答案的題1)以原文為依據(jù)，不參雜個人意見，要客觀不要主觀。2)答案不選對的，只選最好的。有時候四個答案都是對的。所以，當(dāng)看到第一答案是正確的時候，也要看后面的答案。如果答案選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)絕對化的詞，比如：all，always，never，nothing，every等等，除非文章當(dāng)中使用了該類詞匯，否則，一般都要排除。3C.注意絕對化的詞題型及對策e.g.Almosteveryonelikesthemusic.判斷正誤：Everyonelikesthemusic.

F4D.答案要避免以點(diǎn)帶面，以偏蓋全5E.“傻瓜”原則。文章中沒有提到的就當(dāng)做不知道，不要枉自猜測，自作聰明。一切以文章內(nèi)容為準(zhǔn)。1.先看問題，再讀文章2.

抓細(xì)節(jié)、做記號3.細(xì)讀全文，認(rèn)真推敲答題基本步驟1.忌不帶問題2.忌草率行事3.忌主觀印象4.忌囫圇定案5.忌忽略時間閱讀“五忌”STEP01STEP02技巧注意事項(xiàng)單擊編輯標(biāo)題閱讀回答問題Two

(1)瀏覽全文，掌握其大意，了解作者的觀點(diǎn)和寫作意圖。(2)先看題目，畫出關(guān)鍵詞

(5W+1H)(3)把關(guān)鍵詞帶回原文找到相同處，問什么答什么?；卮饐栴}，言簡意賅，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，有些時候答案分布在不同的段落，要結(jié)合全問進(jìn)行歸納，避免回答不全。技巧

1.一定看懂問題，明白問題的關(guān)鍵所在。

2.避免照抄整個的原句，要簡答。3.注意人稱、時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。注意事項(xiàng)

Oneday，afterschoolBillwalkedpasttheshoponthestreetcornerasusual．Hestoppedtolookattheshoesinthewindow，andhefeltsorryforhimself．Hereallywantedtohaveanewpairforhisbirthday．......1.WhydidBillfeelsorryforhimself？____________________________________

問什么答什么關(guān)鍵詞

Becausehereallywantedanewpairofshoes.......Hesadlywalkedawayandthoughtaboutwhattosaytohismother．Heknewshewouldgivehimanythingifshecould．Buthealsoknewshehadlittlemoney．Hedecidednottogohomeatonce，becausehesadandhedidn'twanthismothertoknowaboutit．Sohewenttotheparkandsatonthegrass......looked1.Billhadapoorfamily,didn'the?________________

Yes,hedid.注意時態(tài)......Thenhesawagirlinawheelchair(輪椅).Hefoundthatthegirlmovedthewheelswithherhands．Billlookedathercarefullyandwassurprisedtoseethatthegirlhadnofeet．Helookeddownathisownfeet．"It'smuchbettertobewithoutshoesthanwithoutfeet，"hethought．"It'snotri