2021-2023年上海市嘉定區(qū)3年中考英語一模試題分類匯編：短文選詞填空

上海市嘉定區(qū)2021-2023年中考英語一模試題分類匯編

短文選詞填空2023年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.EachcanonlybeUSedonce（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填詞，每詞只能填一次）（8分）Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox?Eachcanonlybeusedonce（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)堞入空格.每空格限填一詞，每詞只能堞一次）（共8分）A.accident.B.seriously.C.harm.D.actually.E.cycleForestfireshappeninsummerwhenithasn'trainedforalongtimeandeverythingisverydry.Formanyyears,peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat36theforest.Thescienceoffireecology（生態(tài)學(xué)）studiestheconnectionbetweenfire,plants,andanimalsinforestfires.Scientistssaythatthefireisalsoanimportantpartofthelife37ofaforest.Witheveryfire,theforestisbornagain.Forestfiresoftenstartwhenlightningstrikesatree,butpeoplecanalsocauseforestfires.Sometimestheydon'tknowwhattheydid,andithappensby38.Butothertimesit'sdoneonpurpose.Onceafirestarts,it39bumsawaythedryleavesandbrunches.Thefirealsogetsridofovergrownplants,fallenleaves,andbacteriainthesoilthatcausediseases.Plantsontheforestfloorreceivemorespaceandsunlighttogrow,sotheycangrowandmakeseedsquickly.A.surviveB.nativeC.expectD.wondersE.escapeWhenafirestartsinaforest,everycreature（動(dòng)物）triesto40.Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.Smallcreatures（suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects）hideundergroundorunderrocks.Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany41.Theanimalsthatdon'tdieinthefirearethestrongest.Afterafire,someanimalsthatmaynotbe42totheforestcometofeedonthebodiesofdeadanimals.TherearelotsofthingsforanimalstoeatinaburnedforestAnimalssoongobacktotheirhomesintheforestandplantsstartgrowingagain.Now,accordingtofireecologystudies,it'spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural43.Hundredsofspeciesofplantsandanimalslivetogetherinforests.2022年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填詞，每詞只能填一次）（8分）ChoosetheproperwordsintheboxtocompletethefollowingPaSSage.EachcanbeUSedonlyonce（選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)填入空格。每空格限填一詞，每詞只能填一次）（本大題共8題,每題只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)）A.escapeB.openingC.amazingD.predictE.activeThegroundrumbles（隆隆作響）.Hotliquid,ash（灰）,androcksshootoutofamountaintop.Theairisfilledwithsmoke.ThesearethesightsandsoundsofaneruptingVOlCano（火山）.Avolcanoisakindofmountain.Themountainhasan32.atthetop.Itallowshotliquidto33.fromtheEarth'sCrUSt（地殼）.Therearedifferenttypesofvolcanoes.Someare34..Theycanerupt（噴發(fā)）atanytime.Othersaresleeping.Theyhaven,teruptedinawhile.Volcanologistsarescientistswhostudyvolcanoes.They35.whenaneruptionwillhappen.Volcanologistsusemeasuringinstrumentstocheckonavolcano,srumblings.Theycanwarnpeopleoferuptions.Volcanologistscansavelives.A.createB.dangerousC.naturalD.coolE.exactlyVolcanoescanbe36..Whenoneisreadytoerupt,peoplemustbesenttoSafeplaces.Butthereareadvantagestotheseflaming（燃燒）mountains.They37.newland.TheHawaiianIslandswereformedbyeruptions.Volcanoescanalsobenefittheplanet.Whenavolcanoexplodes,itreleasesdust.Thiscanblocksunlightandhelp38.theplanet.Andavolcano,sashcanbehealthyforplants.Itaddsmineralstosoil.Didyouknowthatpeopleusevolcanicheatasasourceofenergy?Theenergypowersthingsina39.way.2021年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題Completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachcanonlybeusedonce（將下列單詞或詞組填入空格。每空格限填詞，每詞只能填一次）（8分）A.beggedB.hurriedlyC.orderedD.generousE.amusedALionlayasleepintheforest,hisgreatheadrestingonhispaws（爪）.AtimidlittleMousecameuponhimunexpectedly.Shefeltsofrightenedand16wentaway.Unfortunately,sheranacrosstheLion,snose.Rousedfromhisnap,theLionlaidhishugepawangrilyonthetinycreaturetokillher.“Spare（饒?。﹎e!”17thepoorMouse.“Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay（回報(bào)）you.”TheLionwasmuch18tothinkthataMousecouldeverhelphim.Buthewas19andfinallylettheMousego.A.laughedB.voiceC.unableD.managedE.caughtSomedayslater,whilechasinghispreyintheforest,theLionwas20inahunter,snetand21 tofreehimself.Hefilledtheforestwithhisangryroaring.TheMouseknewthe22andquicklyfoundtheLionstrugglinginthenet.Sherantooneofthegreatropesandbitituntilitparted.Soon,theLionwasfree.“You23whenIsaidIwouldrepayyou,“saidtheMouse.“NowyouseethatevenaMousecanhelpaLion.”答案：2023年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題III.36.C.37.E.38.A.39.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹火災(zāi)是森林生命周期的重要組成部分?！拘☆}36】句意：多年來，人們一直認(rèn)為火災(zāi)是危害森林的災(zāi)難。結(jié)合"Formanyyears，peoplehavethoughtoffiresasdisastersthat...theforest."和備選詞匯可知，災(zāi)難會(huì)危害森林，動(dòng)詞harm"傷害"符合語境。故選C?！拘☆}37】句意：科學(xué)家表示，火災(zāi)也是森林生命周期的重要組成部分。根據(jù)后文"Witheveryfire,theforestisbornagain."可知，每一場(chǎng)大火，森林都會(huì)重生，所以火災(zāi)也是森林生命周期的重要組成部分，cycle“周期”符合語境。故選E?！拘☆}38】句意：有時(shí)他們不知道自己做了什么，這是偶然發(fā)生的。byaccident"偶然"，故選A?！拘☆}39】句意：一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，它實(shí)際上會(huì)把干燥的樹葉和樹枝都燒掉。根據(jù)"Onceafirestarts,it...burnsawaythedryleavesandbranches."可知，大火實(shí)際上會(huì)把干燥的樹葉和樹枝都燒掉，副詞actually"實(shí)際上"符合語境。故選D。40.E.41.A.42.B.43.D【小題40】句意：當(dāng)森林里發(fā)生火災(zāi)時(shí)，所有的動(dòng)物都試圖逃跑。根據(jù)"Birdsflyawayandmammalsusuallyrunaway.Smallcreatures(suchasfrogs,mice,andinsects)hideundergroundorunderrocks."可知，動(dòng)物會(huì)逃離，escape"逃跑"符合語境。故選E?！拘☆}41】句意：一些較弱的動(dòng)物會(huì)死亡，但許多動(dòng)物會(huì)幸存下來。結(jié)合“Someoftheweakeranimalsdie,butmany..”和備選詞匯可知，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，由此可知一些動(dòng)物死亡，一些動(dòng)物幸存，SUrviVe"幸存"符合語境。故選A?！拘☆}42】句意：火災(zāi)發(fā)生后，一些可能不是森林原生的動(dòng)物來以動(dòng)物尸體為食。結(jié)合“someanimalsthatmaynotbe...totheforest…"和備選詞匯可知，此處應(yīng)用benativeto"源于..…的"，形容詞native作表語。故選B.【小題43】句意：現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)火災(zāi)生態(tài)學(xué)研究，人們有可能將森林火災(zāi)視為自然奇觀。根據(jù)"it'spossibleforpeopletoseeforestfiresasnatural.."和備選詞匯可知，此處指將森林火災(zāi)視為自然奇觀，名詞wonders"奇觀"符合語境。故選D。2022年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題【答案】32.B33.A 34.E35.D36.B37.A38.D39.C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了火山的形成、不同類別以及它的危害以及好處。句意：山在頂端有一個(gè)爆發(fā)。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Hotliquid,ash,androcksshootoutofamountaintop.”可知，山頂會(huì)有熱的液體，石灰，石頭等東西噴射出來，“shootout”也就是opening,an后面接元音音素開頭的單詞，opening符合題意，故選B。句意：它允許熱的液體從地殼中逃離出來。動(dòng)詞短語“escapefrom,從……中逃離”，與上文“oPening”其實(shí)是一致的，故選A。句意：有些是活火山。根據(jù)后一句"Theycaneruptatanytime”可知，它們可以隨時(shí)噴發(fā)出來。所以應(yīng)該是活火山，活躍的，應(yīng)該是active，故選E。句意：它們將預(yù)言什么時(shí)候噴發(fā)會(huì)發(fā)生。根據(jù)前一句"VolcanologistsarescientistswhoStudyVOlCanoes.”、根據(jù)后文“Theycanwarnpeopleoferuptions.”可知，火山學(xué)家們研究火山，他們可以推斷、預(yù)測(cè)火山噴發(fā)的時(shí)間，提醒人們火山神什么時(shí)候噴發(fā)。這里缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，應(yīng)該是“predict預(yù)測(cè)”，故選D。句意：火山會(huì)很危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)后一句“Whenoneisreadytoerupt,peoplemustbesenttoSafePIaCeS”可知，當(dāng)它要爆發(fā)，人們要被安頓到安全的地方，因?yàn)樗芪ｋU(xiǎn)“dangerous”，故選B。37.句意：它們創(chuàng)造出來新的土地。根據(jù)前一句"Butthereareadvantagestotheseflamingmountains”可知，它們也是有優(yōu)點(diǎn)的，產(chǎn)生新的土地?！癱reate”創(chuàng)造產(chǎn)生，故選A。句意：這能夠幫助擋住陽光，讓地球冷卻下來。根據(jù)句意，陽光被阻擋了，地球就變涼了。所以這里是“cool”，使冷卻，故選D。句意：能量自然地驅(qū)動(dòng)事物前進(jìn)。這里缺少形容詞，根據(jù)前一句“...peopleusevolcanicheatasasourceofenergy”可知，人們用火山的熱量當(dāng)做一種能量資源，有了能量，就會(huì)很自然地推動(dòng)事物發(fā)展前進(jìn)，自然的“natural”，故選C。2021年上海市嘉定區(qū)中考一模英語試題16.B17.A18.E19.D20.E21.C22.B23.A【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了一只獅子和老鼠之間發(fā)生的故事。.句意：她感到很害怕，趕緊走開了。根據(jù)前文的“ShefeltSofrightenedand”和后文的“wentaway”并結(jié)合所給單詞可知，應(yīng)該是她感到很害怕，趕緊走開了，hurriedly意為“匆忙的”，故選Bo.句意：可憐的老鼠哀求道。根據(jù)前文的“Spare（饒?。〆!”和后文的“thePoorMouse."Pleaseletmegoandsomeday,Iwillsurelyrepay（回報(bào)）you”并結(jié)合所給單詞可知，應(yīng)該是可憐的老鼠哀求道，begged意為“懇求，哀求”，故選Ao.句意