英語翻譯技巧：比較結(jié)構(gòu)

英語翻譯技巧：比較結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)于英語翻譯，不同的人有不同的方法，但是在面對(duì)同樣的題型的時(shí)候，你知道該怎樣有效的進(jìn)行下去嗎?下面我就和大家共享英語翻譯技巧：比較結(jié)構(gòu)，盼望能夠關(guān)心到大家，來觀賞一下吧。

英語翻譯技巧：比較結(jié)構(gòu)

從理解與表達(dá)的角度來看，比較的形式是次要的，真正重要的是意義上的比較。只要意義上表示比較，就屬于比較句式。常見的比較結(jié)構(gòu)的意義很簡(jiǎn)單理解，所以也比較簡(jiǎn)單翻譯，如：Iamtallerthanhe.(我比他高)。因此，這里不再敘述基本比較結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯方法，而主要介紹在意義上簡(jiǎn)單混淆的比較結(jié)構(gòu)的翻譯。

一、as…as…句型

(一)as…as…句型

as…as…句型是同級(jí)比較，表示兩者比較程度一樣。所以在翻譯的時(shí)候，通常翻譯為“…和….一樣”。

Myparcelisasheavyasyours.

我的包裹和你的包裹一樣重。

Sheisasmuchinterestedinmusicasever.

她和以前一樣對(duì)音樂感愛好。

Theeconomicdevelopmentinourcountryisasstablerecentlyasformerly.

近，我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)展和以前一樣穩(wěn)定。

(二)notas(orso)…as…句型

跟as…as…句型相反的結(jié)構(gòu)notas(orso)…as…表示兩者的程度不一樣，前者不如后者，所以，通常翻譯為“…不如…”。

Myuncleisnotas(orso)tallasyourfather.

我叔叔不如你父親高。

Peoplearenotsohonestastheyoncewere.

人們現(xiàn)在不如過去那樣誠(chéng)懇了。

(三)notsomuch…as…句型

notsomuch…as…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)表示的基本意義和notas(orso)…as…一樣，但是通常翻譯為“與其說…不如說…”。

Hewasnotsomuchangryasdisappointed.

他與其說是生氣，還不如說是絕望了。(可以理解為：“他的生氣不如絕望多”，就是說“他更多的是絕望，生氣是其次?！?

Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit.

海洋與其說是把世界分割開來，還不如說是把世界連接在一起。

(四)notsomuchas…句型

notsomuchas…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于“noteven…”，所以通常翻譯為“甚至不…，甚至沒有…”。請(qǐng)留意與notsomuch…as…這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)分。

Hedidn’tsomuchasaskmetosetdown.

他甚至沒有請(qǐng)我坐下。

Hecannotsomuchasspellaword.

他甚至連一個(gè)詞也不會(huì)寫.

Hehadn’tsomuchashisfarehome.

他甚至連回家的路費(fèi)都沒有了。

二、比較級(jí)+thantodo…句型

由比較級(jí)與thantodosth.結(jié)合在一起的句型，通常翻譯為“不至于做某事”。

Yououghttoknowbetterthantogoswimmingonsuchacoldday.

你不至于這么冷的天氣去游泳吧。

Ihavemoresensethantotellhimaboutourplan.

我不至于傻到會(huì)把我們的方案告知他。

IhadabettermandofEnglishthantomakesuchfoolishmistakes.

我的英語學(xué)得很好，不至于犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。

三、more…than…句型

(一)moreAthanB句型

moreAthanB通常用于同一個(gè)人或者事物在兩個(gè)不同性質(zhì)或者特征上面的比較。翻譯為“與其說B，不如說A”。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有l(wèi)essAthanB，翻譯為“與其說A，不如說B”，請(qǐng)留意這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中“與其實(shí)說”與“不如說”的對(duì)象，即A與B兩者的在翻譯中的位置。

Heismoregoodthanbad.

與其說他很壞，不如說他很好。

Heislessgoodthanbad.

與其說他很好，不如說他很壞。

Heismoreawriterthanateacher.

與其說他是老師，不如說他是作家。

(二)morethan…句型

在英語中，假如morethan…句型后面所跟的詞性不相同，意義也不盡相同，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)用不同的漢語詞來翻譯。

1.morethan后面接數(shù)詞，表示“多于…，….以上”的意思。

Ihaveknownhimformorethantwentyyears.

我已經(jīng)熟悉她二十多年了。

Ihavemorethantendollarsinmypocket.

我口袋里還有十多美元。

2.morethan后面接名詞或者動(dòng)詞，表示“不只是…”的意思。

Heismorethanafathertoher.

他待她賽過父親。

Hemorethansmiled,butlaughed.

他不只是微笑，而是放生大笑。

3.morethan后面接形容詞、副詞或者分詞，表示“極其，特別”的意思。

Shewasmorethankindtous.

他對(duì)我們特別友好。

Hewasmorethanupsetbytheaccident.

這個(gè)意外事故讓他特別心煩。

4.morethan…can…則表示“難以…，完全不能…”的意思。

ThatismorethanIcanunderstand.

那件事情，我實(shí)在是不明白。

Thecoldwasmorethanthechildrencouldbear.

寒冷是孩子們所不能忍受的。

(三)nomore…than…句型

nomore…than…句型在意義上與notanymorethan….一樣，表示對(duì)兩者都否定，所以可以翻譯為“…和….一樣不，不…正如…，既不…也不…，…和…兩者都不”。跟nomore…than…句型相近，但是意義相反的句型是noless…than…，可以翻譯為“既是…，也是…，兩者都是…”。

Hisgrammarisnobetterthanmine.

他的語法同我的一樣不好。

Heisnomoreawriterthanapainter.

他既不是畫家也不是作家。

Heisnolessawriterthanapainter.

他既是畫家也是作家。

Iamnomoreapoetthanheisascholar.

我不是詩(shī)人，正如他不是學(xué)者一樣。

2024年翻譯資格考試筆譯三級(jí)練習(xí)題

AreyouinterestedinseeingthebeautifulfallfoliageofNewEnglandbuttiredoftrafficjamsandoverbookedhotels?ThenthisyearforgetthecrowdsinNewEnglandandseethebeautifulcolorsofautumnintheCatskills.

TheseruggedmountainsinNewYorkState,just90milesnorthwestofNewYorkCity,arefamousforthelegendarytalesofRipVanWinkle,andmorerecentlyforthesummerhotelsthatsprangupintheregionduringthe1940s,1950s,and1960s.FamiliestryingtoescapetheheatofNewYorkCityfoundtheCatskillstobetheperfectplacetostayforamonthorsoeachsummer.Bythelate1950stherewereover500resortsandhotelsofferingnighttimeentertainmentaswellasallkindsofoutdooractivities.FamousedianslikeJackieGleason,JoanRivers,andSidCaesarallgottheirstarttouringthehotelclubshere.Sincetheintroductionofair-conditioningandcheaperairtravel,however,familieshavestoppedingtotheCatskillsinsuchlargenumbers,choosinginsteadmoredistantlocationsatdifferenttimesoftheyear.ManyoftheCatskillshotelsclosedinthe1970s,butsomeremainandhaveexpandedandchangedtheirfacilitiestomeettheneedsoftoday’svisitors.

Currently,therearemanyactivitiesavailabletothetravelerbesideswitnessingthechangingcolorsoftheleaves.Thereisanall-organicsheepfarmwherevisitorscanseehowatraditionalsheepfarmoperates.Therearealsohundredsofmilesofscenicdrivesinthearea.Route42,forinstance,isanexcellentsiteforspottingbaldeagles.FormoreinformationonvacationsintheCatskills,calltheOfficeofPublicInformation.

61.Theauthor’smainpurposeisto________.

A.promotetheCatskillsasavacationdestination

B.introducevisitorstofamousCatskillsentertainers

C.describethehistoryoftheCatskillsregion

D.paretheCatskillstoNewEngland

62.Theword“rugged”underlinedinParagraph2means________.

A.barren

B.rough

C.tall

D.lush

63.Accordingtothepassage,thedeclineinthenumberofresortsinthe1970swascausedby________.

A.television

B.shortervacations

C.affordableairtravel

D.moretraffic

64.Thephrase“sprangup”underlinedinParagraph2referstosomethingthathas________.

A.burstforth

B.spreadout

C.operatedvigorously

D.joinedtogether

65.InwhatseasonwouldatouristmostlikelyhavevisitedtheCatskillsinthe1950s?

A.Fall.

B.Winter.

C.Spring.

D.Summer.

66.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis________.

A.lightandencouraging

B.informativeandscientific

C.humorousandskeptical

D.regretfulandreminiscent

67.Fromthepassage,whatmightavisitorbeluckyenoughtodo?

A.Seefallleavesincolor.

B.Seeakindofbird.

C.Workonasheepfarm.

D.Driveonscenicroads.

68.Theword“drives”underlinedinParagraph3refersto________.

A.excursions

B.tracks

C.paths

D.canyons

69.Theword“spotting”underlinedinParagraph3means________.

A.photographing

B.seeing

C.painting

D.shooting

70.TheauthorimpliesthatintheCatskillstherearefew________.

A.leaves

B.eagles

C.people

D.sheep

參考答案：

61.A62.B63.C64.A65.D

66.A67.B68.A69.B70.C

2024年catti筆譯三級(jí)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)題

Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitudes.Emotionalreactionsaswellaslogicalthoughtprocessesaffectthebehaviorofmostpeople.“Theburntchildfearsthefire”isoneinstance;anotheristheriseofdespotslikeHitler.Bothexamplesalsopointupthefactthatattitudesstemfromexperience.Inonecasetheexperiencewasdirectandimpressive;intheotheritwasindirectandcumulative.TheNaziswereindoctrinatedlargelybythespeechestheyheardandthebookstheyread.Theclassroomteacherintheelementaryschoolisinastrategicpositiontoinfluenceattitudes.Thisistruepartlybecausechildrenacquireattitudesfromthoseadultswhosewordtheyrespect.Anotherreasonitistrueisthatpupilsoftendelvesomewhatdeeplyintoasubjectinschoolthathasonlybeentoucheduponathomeorhaspossiblyneveroccurredtothembefore.ToachildwhohadpreviouslyacquiredlittleknowledgeofMexico,histeacher’smethodofhandlingsuchaunitwouldgreatlyaffecthisattitudetowardMexicans.Themediathroughwhichtheteachercandevelopwholesomeattitudesareinnumerable.Socialstudies(withspecialreferencetoraces,creedsandnationalities),sciencemattersofhealthandsafety,theveryatmosphereoftheclassroom…theseareafewofthefertilefieldsfortheinculcationofproperemotionalreactions.However,whenchildrenetoschoolwithundesirableattitudes,itisunwisefortheteachertoattempttochangetheirfeelingsbycajolingorscoldingthem.Shecanachievethepropereffectbyhelpingthemobtainconstructiveexperiences.Toillustrate,firstgradepupilsafraidofpolicemenwillprobablyaltertheirattitudesafteraclassroomchatwiththeneighborhoodofficerinwhichheexplainshowheprotectsthem.Inthesameway,aclassofolderchildrencandevelopattitudesthroughdiscussion,research,outsidereadingandall-daytrips.Finally,ateachermustconstantlyevaluateherownattitudes,becauseherinfluencecanbedeleteriousifshehaspersonalprejudices.Thisisespeciallytrueinrespecttocontroversialissuesandquestionsonwhichchildrenshouldbeencouragedtoreachtheirowndecisionsasaresultofobjectiveanalysisofallthefacts.

81.Thecentralideaoftheabovepassageisthat________.

A.attitudesaffectouractions

B.teachersareimportantindevelopingorchangingpupils’attitudes

C.attitudescanbechangedbysomeclassroomexperiences

D.bytheirattitudes,teachersinadvertentlyaffectpupils’attitudes

82.Theword“despot”underlinedinParagraph2meansaperson________.

A.whoenjoysahighreputation

B.whoisverysuccessfulinpolitics

C.withunlimitedpowers

D.whodepositsalargesumofmoneyinabank

83.Thepupils’attitudesareNOTinfluencedby________.

A.theirparents’persuasiontobehaveproperly

B.theirteachers’attitudes

C.thespeechestheyhearandthebookstheyread

D.suchmediaassocialstudies,sciencematterandclassroomatmosphere

84.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthepupils________.

A.usuallystudyacertainsubjectingreaterdetailsathomethanatschool

B.usuallydonotstudyacertainsubjectathome

C.studythesubjectsonlyatschool

D.studyasubjectmoredeeplyatschoolthanathome

85.Theexampleofthepupils’learningaboutMexicoshowsthat________.

A.achildusuallylearnstherightthingsfromtheirteachers

B.ateachercancorrectapupil’swrongideas

C.ateacher’sattitudecaninfluenceachild’sattitudebyteaching

D.achild’sattitudeisverychangeable

86.Theauthorimpliesthat________.

A.theteachershouldguidealldiscussionsbyrevealingherownattitude

B.insomeaspectsofsocialstudiesagreatervarietyofmethodscanbeusedintheuppergradesthaninthelowergrades

C.peopleusuallyactonthebasisofreasoningratherthanemotion

D.children’sattitudesoftenefromthoseofotherchildren

87.Astatementmadeorimpliedinthepassageisthat________.

A.attitudescanbebasedonthelearningoffalsehoods

B.achildcandevelopintheclassroomanattitudeabouttheimportanceofbrushinghisteeth

C.attitudescannoteasilybechangedbyrewardsandlectures

D.theattitudesofelementaryschool-agedchildrenareinfluencedp