外研版2019高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)u(píng)nit 3war and peace共7份打包

Section

BUsing

languageⅠ.知識(shí)體系圖解重點(diǎn)詞匯1.

n.制服2.n.維持和平(的行動(dòng))n.維和人員9.stability

n.uniformpeacekeeping3.

peacekeeper4.

friction5.

disarmbatant

n.7.weapon

n.n.沖突;摩擦

v.解除武裝戰(zhàn)斗人員武器,兵器8.ammunition

n.彈藥穩(wěn)固,穩(wěn)定10.professionalism

n.專業(yè)水準(zhǔn),專業(yè)素質(zhì);職業(yè)精神重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ) put

down

放下;鎮(zhèn)壓;拒絕

throw

into

投入;投身于

refer

to...as

把……稱作,把……當(dāng)作

feelsad

for

為……感到悲傷keep

to

遵守,信守;堅(jiān)持

play

a

role

in

在……中發(fā)揮作用

keep

on

standby

待命

carry

out

執(zhí)行

重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法主謂一致(一)重點(diǎn)句式The

purpose

of

doing

this

was

to

destroy

the

morale

of

ordinarypeople

and

stop

them

from

supporting

the

war

effort.Ⅱ.釋義匹配

1.peacekeeper2.friction3.stability4.uniform5.weapon答案:1.Cthe

special

set

of

clothes

worn

by

agroupan

object

that

is

used

for

fighting

or

attacking

sba

memberof

amilitary

force

who

has

beensent

tohelp

stop

peoplefightingthequalityorstateofbeingsteady

E.disagreement

or

alackoffriendship

amongpeoplewho

have

different

opinions

about

sth2.E

3.D

4.A

5.BⅢ.單句語(yǔ)法填空His

family

was

(be)

poor

and

heused

to

workhard

to

supporthis

family.Look!Those

cattle

are

(be)eatinggrassonthehillnow.Eachactor

and

each

actress

was

(be)invitedtoourschoolyesterday.Many

people

say

1,000dollars

is

(be)alotofmoney.About

70

percent

of

the

earth’s

surface

is

(be)

coveredwith

water.The

number

of

the

students

in

middle

school

is

(be)increasing

yearafter

year.All

are

(be)willingtoreachanagreement.重點(diǎn)詞匯1.Government

troops

haveput

down

the

uprising.政府軍鎮(zhèn)壓了起義。

(p.29)【詞匯精講】put

down是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),表示“記下,放下;鎮(zhèn)壓”。I

had

prepared

for

the

meeting

by

putting

down

whatIwanted

fromthem.我已為會(huì)議做了準(zhǔn)備,寫(xiě)下了我想從他們那里得到的東西?！驹~匯拓展】put

forward提出(意見(jiàn)、建議、觀點(diǎn)等);推薦;提前;把(時(shí)鐘)往前撥

put

off推遲;推脫;搪塞put

away存放;存儲(chǔ);把……收起來(lái)put

out熄滅;伸出;出版;打擾put

up

舉起;張貼;建造;為……提供住宿putup

with容忍;忍受Don’t

putoff

tilltomorrow

whatcanbedone

today.今日事今日畢。The

firefighters

spent

3

hoursputtingout

the

big

fire.消防員用了3個(gè)小時(shí)撲滅了大火。I’mnot

going

to

put

up

withtheir

smoking

in

the

office

anylonger.我再也不能容忍他們?cè)谵k公室抽煙了。I

put

away

the

thingsthatmight

provetobea

dangertoa

child.我把可能對(duì)孩子造成危險(xiǎn)的東西收了起來(lái)。2.Peacekeepers

monitor

the

peace

process

in

areas

that

haveexperienced

friction

and

civilwars,making

sure

thatpreviouslywarringpartieskeep

to

theiragreements.維和人員在經(jīng)歷過(guò)摩擦和內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的地區(qū)監(jiān)測(cè)和平進(jìn)程,確保先前交戰(zhàn)各方遵守協(xié)議。(p.31)【詞匯精講1】friction是名詞,表示“沖突;摩擦”。Sara

sensed

that

there

had

been

friction

between

herchildren.薩拉感覺(jué)到她的孩子們中間出現(xiàn)了摩擦。【詞匯拓展】cause/create

friction

引起摩擦friction

between...(and)在……之間的摩擦

friction

with和……摩擦the

friction

over關(guān)于……的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)There’s

a

lot

offrictionbetweenmy

wifeand

mymother.我妻子和我母親之間有很多摩擦?！驹~匯精講2】keep

to是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),表示“遵守,履行”。Thetouristsinsiston

keepingto

their

plan.旅行者堅(jiān)持按旅行計(jì)劃行事。【詞匯拓展】keep

up

with跟上keep

up保持;使不低落

keep

back隱瞞;保留;阻止

keep

in

mind記住keep

away

from使不接近/靠近

keepoff避開(kāi);不接近keep

on(doing

sth)繼續(xù)(做某事)Facing

difficulties,theyare

not

discouraged

but

keep

their

spirits

up.面對(duì)困難,他們沒(méi)有氣餒,而是繼續(xù)保持斗志。重點(diǎn)句式The

purpose

of

doing

this

was

todestroy

the

moraleof

ordinarypeople

and

stop

themfromsupporting

the

war

effort.這樣做的目的是破壞普通人的士氣,阻止他們支持戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。(p.30)【句式剖析】本句中to

destroy

the

morale

of

ordinary

people

andstop

them

from

supporting

the

war

effort是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ),解釋前面的purpose的內(nèi)容。Their

purpose

is

to

build

a

fair

society

and

a

strong

economy.他們的目的是要建立一個(gè)公平的社會(huì)和一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體?！揪涫酵卣埂坎欢ㄊ阶鞅碚Z(yǔ)表示具體動(dòng)作或?qū)?lái)動(dòng)作。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是

aim,duty,hope,idea,mistake,plan,purpose,suggestion等為中心詞的名詞詞組,或是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句時(shí),不定式說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容。

My

chief

purpose

is

to

point

out

the

difficulties

of

the

matter.我的主要目的是指出這件事的困難。What

I

would

suggest

is

to

put

off

the

meeting.我建議把會(huì)議推遲?！緶剀疤崾尽坎欢ㄊ阶鞅碚Z(yǔ)時(shí),一般要帶to,但若謂語(yǔ)部分中含有do的各種形式時(shí),符號(hào)to可省去。We’ve

missed

the

last

bus.All

we

could

do

now

is

walk

home.我們錯(cuò)過(guò)了末班公交車(chē)?，F(xiàn)在我們所能做的就是步行回家。重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法主謂一致(一)一、名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞people,police,cattle等,形式上是單數(shù),而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The

police

are

searching

for

a

tall

dark

man

with

a

beard.警察正在搜尋一個(gè)留著胡子、皮膚黝黑的高個(gè)子男人。集體名詞mittee,class,union,firm,staff,public等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容而定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員,則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。As

far

as

I

know,his

family

is

a

big

one.(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體)據(jù)我所知,他家是一個(gè)大家庭。When

I

visited

them

yesterday,the

family

were

having

dinner.(強(qiáng)調(diào)成員)昨天當(dāng)我拜訪他們時(shí),他們一家人正在吃飯。只作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞

clothing,furniture,baggage/luggage,scenery,jewellery,equipment等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。His

luggage

is

very

heavy,and

he

needs

someone

to

help

him.他的行李很重,需要有人幫他一下。The

scenery

of

this

mountain

area

is

beautiful,which

has

attractedmany

tourists.這個(gè)山區(qū)的風(fēng)景很美,吸引了很多游客。單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞means,sheep,deer等,據(jù)其表達(dá)的單復(fù)數(shù)的意義而定。All

possible

means

have

been

tried,but

none

of

which

is

perfect.所有可能的方法都試了,但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)是完美的。Every

possible

means

has

been

triedand

the

result

is

verygood.每一個(gè)可能的方法都試了而且結(jié)果非常好。只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞goods,clothes,remains等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The

goods

ofthe

store

areof

highquality.這個(gè)商店的貨物質(zhì)量很好。Her

clothes

arealways

beautiful

andfashionable.她的衣服總是漂亮而且時(shí)尚。表示成雙成套的名詞glasses,trousers,shoes,scissors,gloves等,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。My

shoes

don’t

fitmy

feet,so

I

haveto

buy

anotherpair.我的鞋不合腳,因此我只好再買(mǎi)一雙。Her

glasses

she

bought

yesterday

are

very

expensive.她昨天買(mǎi)的眼鏡很貴。【溫馨提示】表示成雙成套的名詞前若有pair

of,typeof等修飾,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)量詞的形式而定。A

new

pair

of

glasses

was

bought

yesterday

for

herby

herfriend.昨天她的朋友為她買(mǎi)了一副新眼鏡。二、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由and或both...and連接,其內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)由or,either...or...,neither...nor...,notonly...but

also...,not...but...等連接就近原則主語(yǔ)后有with,together

with,alongwith,as

well

as,like,ratherthan,but,except等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí)單復(fù)數(shù)與前面的主語(yǔ)一致Both

Jim

and

his

parents

were

sitting

in

the

shade

of

a

large

tree.吉姆和他父母都坐在一棵大樹(shù)的樹(shù)蔭下。Neither

the

students

nor

the

teacher

knows

the

reason

why

shebehaved

strangely.學(xué)生和老師都不知道她行為怪異的原因?！緶剀疤崾尽縜nd與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前若有no,each,manya,every等修飾,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Each

teacher

and

(each)

student

was

given

a

ticket.每一位老師和學(xué)生都得了一張票。Every

hour

and

(every)

minute

is

important

for

us.每一小時(shí)和每一分鐘對(duì)我們都很重要。當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)詞指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。

The

writerandpoet

iscomingsoon.那位作家兼詩(shī)人很快就要來(lái)了。(同一個(gè)人,注意poet前無(wú)冠詞)三、數(shù)量概念作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Five

minutes

isn’t

enoughto

finish

thiswork.要完成這項(xiàng)工作,5分鐘是不夠的。some,most,rest及分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)所代替的名詞而定。Most

oftheworkers

areagainsttheplan.(指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))大部分工人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。The

rest

of

the

fresh

water

has

been

shipped

to

the

city.(指代不可數(shù)名詞)剩下的淡水已被送入城中。3.“anumberof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是,“the

number

of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

A

numberof

studentshave

made

uptheir

mindsto

takepart

inafter-school

activities.許多學(xué)生已經(jīng)下定決心參加課外活動(dòng)。The

numberof

studentswho

have

madeup

their

minds

totake

partinafter-school

activitiesis120.已經(jīng)下定決心參加課外活動(dòng)的學(xué)生人數(shù)是120。四、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致

1.either,each,little,much等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

Each

ofthe

booksis

worth

reading.每本書(shū)都值得讀。both,few,many,several等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Both

ofthe

sisters

are

interestedinmedicine.姐妹倆都對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣。all指可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;若指不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。All

are

present

at

the

meetingtoday.今天所有的人都參加了會(huì)議。Alloftheinformation

isveryimportant.所有的信息都很重要。4.none指可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可;若指不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。None

ofthemis/are

awareofthe

danger.他們沒(méi)有人意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。五、其他情況作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致單個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)詞-ing(短語(yǔ))或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。To

read

English

aloud

every

morning

isof

great

benefit

toyourEnglish

study.每天早晨大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)對(duì)你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)大有裨益。當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。What

we

badly

need

are

goodteachers.我們急需的是好老師。there

be句型中,be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與最靠近它的名詞一致。

There

is

a

tableand

four

chairsin

the

room.房間里有一張桌子和四把椅子。4.定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)與先行詞一致。Our

guide,who

is

a

French

Canadian,is

an

excellent

cook.我們的向?qū)?一個(gè)法裔加拿大華人,擅長(zhǎng)烹調(diào)。

5.the+adj./PP

指一類(lèi)人,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The

injuredofthis

accidentarebeingtaken

goodcareofin

hospitalnow.事故中的傷員現(xiàn)在在醫(yī)院得到很好的照顧。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě)She

will

probably

take

great

pride

in

wearing

school

u

.答案:uniformP

forcesareusuallymadeupoftroopsfromseveraldifferent

countries.答案:PeacekeepingF

betweenmovingpartshadcausedtheenginetooverheat.答案:FrictionThe

youthsweredraggedfromtheircarandsearchedfor

(武器).答案:weaponsThey

hadto

meettheattack

withverylittle

(彈藥).答案:ammunitionThe

countryisnowenjoying

aperiodofrelative

(穩(wěn)定).答案:stabilityⅡ.單句語(yǔ)法填空(主謂一致)Thedesignontheback

(show)

the

yellow-eyedpenguin,oneoftheworld’srarestpenguins.答案:showsNotuntiltheearly19thcentury

(be)

nail

paintschangedinto

the

nailpolish

thatwe

seetoday.答案:were3.98%ofthesurface

(be)

covered

permanently

by

ice

andstrong

winds

driven

by

gravity

blow

from

the

pole

to

the

coastline.答案:is4.Abouttwomilesawayfrommyhome

(stand)

amountain

which

is

really

worth

touring.答案:standsWhile

running

regularly

can’t

make

you

live

forever,thereviewsaysit

(be)

more

effective

at

lengthening

life

thanwalking,cycling

or

swimming.答案:isFastfood

(be)fulloffat

andsalt;byeatingmore

fastfood

people

will

get

more

salt

and

fat

than

they

need

in

their

diet.答案:isⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空A

93-year-old

war

herowhose

home

was

burglarized(失盜)earlierthis

week

got

another

surprise

on

Wednesday.“The

father

of

the

two

children

1.

brokeintomyhouse,Jose

Gonzalez,was

here

and

he

2.

(apologise),”said

the

old

hero

Wood.Gonzalez

stopped

by

as

some

volunteers

began

repairing

Wood’s

3.(damage)

home.He

said

he

didn’t

know

what

had

caused

his

children4.

(break)intothehouse.“I

was

telling

them:Wouldyou

want

somebody

to

do

that

to

yourgrandparents?”

said

Gonzalez.“Whether

they

knew

it

was

an

oldergentleman’s

house

or

not,they

were

5.

(guilt)

of

whatthey

haddone.”The

boysareaccusedof

6.

(steal)severalitemsfromWood’s

home.“Only

when

Iwent

intothat

man’s

house

did

I

see

what

theyhaddone,”

said

Gonzalez.“7.

wasn’trightforthemtohavedonethat.”Gonzalez

said

he

wanted

his

sons

to

be

much

8.

(good).“Well,it

helps

me

understand

he’s

doing

so