【課件】Unit1Art+Discover+Useful+Structures人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

Grammar動詞不定式作表語Unit1ArtLead-in1.Perhapsthebest____tounderstandWesternartistolook

atthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_________ofWesternartwastoteach

peopleaboutChristianity.3.Inhiswork,Monet’s___was

toconvey

thelightandmovementinthescene…4._______________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”waypurposeaimWhattheyattemptedtodo

Readthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.不定式:是一種非謂語動詞。1.非謂語動詞:是指那些在句中不能單獨充當謂語的動詞，2.動詞不定式在句中可以作句子除謂語之外的任何句子成分。3.動詞不定式的被動形式除了一般形式外還有其完成式和進行式。不定式的定義:Presentation

動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓語補足語等，但不能作謂語。動詞不定式(短語)作表語主要表主動和表將來。基本形式：

to+動詞原形其否定形式是:“not/nevertodo”/notdo動詞不定式做表語主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式todotobedone進行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成進行式tohavebeendoingPresentation1.結(jié)構(gòu)

動詞不定式可放在

be和become,sound,taste等__________后

面作表語，由“todo”構(gòu)成。2.時態(tài)

動詞不定式作表語時，如果不定式和邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系應(yīng)使用__________如果是被動關(guān)系應(yīng)該使用___________。例1：Hisgoalis_____________

(be)avolunteeratthelocalhospitalinthecomingholidays.例2：Hisgoalis______________(admit)intoPekingUniversitythissummer.動詞不定式系動詞tobecometobeadmitted

todotobedone動詞不定式作表語1.主語通常是

suggestion,advice,proposal,aim,goal,purpose,plan,ambition,idea,intention,way,dream,duty,task,wish,hope等表示意向、打算、計劃的詞，一般用不定式作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容。有時根據(jù)表達的需要，在作表語的不定式前，添加疑問代詞/副詞，包括what,who,how,when,where等,構(gòu)成“疑問詞+todo”作表語。例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.Her

wish

is

to

be

a

teacher.Thedutyofsoldiersistodefendtheircountry.1）主語是表示意向、打算、計劃等的詞，如aim，purpose,wish,idea,task,plan，decision，choice，duty,dream,job等詞時，常用不定式作表語。不定式作表語用法Presentation動詞不定式(短語)作表語的用法1．表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowwhatisneeded.Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.Herdreamistomakeamovie.舉辦2022年冬季奧運會是我們國家巨大的榮幸。Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.作主語判斷下列不定式在句中作何成分2．表示事態(tài)發(fā)展的結(jié)果、預(yù)期的結(jié)果、不幸的命運或預(yù)言。Youaretodieatninety-eight.Youmustspeakout，ifwearetoremainfriends.Thatexperiencewastochangehiswholelife.Presentation3.表示“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等Theyaretomarrynextweek.Childrenarenottosmoke.Youmustbepatientifyouaretosucceed.Youaretohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.PresentationSeveralproblemsremaintobesettled.5.動詞不定式直接用在系動詞seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后，如：We

are

to

meet

at

the

station

at

there.(表約定）Howarewetoconvincehim?（表可能性）YouaretocomewhenIcall.（表命令）4.用于表達想法，約定，義務(wù)，命令，可能性，命運等。如：6.動詞不定式在表語中表示

___。Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.

目的即時訓(xùn)練①Ourplanis______________________________.我們的計劃是下周完成這項工作。②MyAmericanteacher________________________.我的美國老師即將離開中國。③Agreatdealis______________.還有許多事要做。④Thethingforustodois_________________________.我們要做的事情就是要接受挑戰(zhàn)。⑤WhatIwanttodomostinseniorhighis________________________.我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英語水平。⑥FewpeopleIknowseem_____________________________________.(2018·浙江卷語法填空改編)在我認識的人中，似乎很少有人愿意或有時間做飯。tofinishtheworknextweekistoleaveChinasoonyettodotohavemuchdesireortimetocooktoacceptthechallengetoimprovemyEnglish即時訓(xùn)練①Todotwothingsatatimeis________(do)neither.②Ourworkis___________(serve)thepeople.③Itsgoalis____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.④OldTom’spresentjobis_________(sweep)streets.todoservingtomakesweeping動詞不定式作表語和v-ing作表語的區(qū)別動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時，要注意與句子的主語在形式上保持一致，若句子的主語為v-ing，則表語也應(yīng)使用v-ing；

若主語為動詞不定式，則表語也應(yīng)使用動詞不定式。Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.動詞不定式和v-ing作表語時可換用，但以下情況除外:當動詞所表達的是某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為或有待于實現(xiàn)的行為時，通常用動詞不定式作表語。Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.若動詞所表達的并不強調(diào)動作，而是表示主語的內(nèi)容，則通常用v-ing作表語。Myfavoritesportisswimming.WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.動詞不定式（短語）作表語省略to的情況動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，一般不定式符to不能省略,但以下情況下可省略：1.all作主語其后的定語從句有do的某種形式時：

Allweneedtodoisliveeachdaywithhope.2.what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時，從句中含有do的某種形式時：

WhatIwanttodoistakeaholidayrightaway.3.主語被only，first，one，least或形容詞最高級修飾，其后的定語從句或短語中有do的某種形式時：

Intheeveningtheonlythinghedidwasreadthenewspaper.運用*語法規(guī)則

1.Youknow，mygoalis___________(lose)150poundsinthecomingyear.2.Listen！Thesoundseems________________(come)fromthejungle.3.Theboywas_____________(blame)forwhathehaddone.4.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.5.Thepurposeofeducationis_____________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.6.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeen___________(make)plantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ閱讀D)7.Youappear___________________(travel)toquitealotofplacesaroundtheworld.8.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto________________(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears，it’snotwithoutacost.(2018·浙江卷語法填空)9.Anotherwaytohideamessageis_________(use)symbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.10.Theonlythingthatinterestshimis_____________(dance).tolosetobecomingtoblametopunishtodeveloptomaketohavetravelledhavebecometousedancing（Grammar部分練習(xí):2.補全句子）1.Youmustkeepitinmindthatyourworkis____________________.你必須牢記你的工作就是為人民服務(wù)。2.Whathehoped______________________________________.他希望能被這所大學(xué)錄取。3.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressis___________________________________________________.減輕壓力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人談?wù)勀愕那楦小?.Themostimportantthingaboutvloggingis_____________________.拍攝視頻博客最重要的一點在于講一個好故事。servingthepeoplewastobeadmittedintotheuniversitytotalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrusttotellagoodstory1.Supposeyouare

（be）ajournalistforChinaDaily，doyouknowwhatkindsofjobstheyhave? 2.Youare

（reward）ifyouhavemadeabreakthrough.3.Throughmyyearsofschoollife，I’velearnedthatifweare_______

（make）adifferenceinlife，it’sofgreatimportancethatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.4.Thestudentstrustherverymuch；asaresult，heradviceis________

（influence）theirdecisions. tobetoberewarded

tomake

toinfluence5.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)onedayatatime.6.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.7.Medicalexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytopreventthespreadofdiseaseisforpeople________(wash)theirhandswithsoapandwater.8.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.tolivearetoblametowashtomake（Grammar部分練習(xí):3.語法填空）AdamBraunestablishedtheorganizationPencilsofPromisein2008.Itsgoalis1.____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.Itallstartedwhenhewasacollegestudent.AdamBraunwasvisitingIndiawhen2.____________girlstoppedhimonthestreetandaskedformoney.Heaskedherwhatshedesired3.____________(much)ofallintheworld.Astonishingly，heranswerwas“apencil”.Thegirlhadneverbeentoschoolbefore，andthatwasthe4.____________(real)for57millionchildrenaroundtheworld.Aftergraduation，AdamBraunneverforgotthegirlandtheproblemof5.____________(her).tomakehersarealitymost（Grammar部分練習(xí):3.語法填空）“Weliveinaworldinwhicheverysinglechildcanhaveaccess6.____________qualityeducation.SoIwasdeterminedtocreateschoolsinotherplaces7.____________childrenarehungryforeducation.”AdamBraunbegantoraisemoneyforhisprojectthroughsocialmedia.“Weareworkinghardtomakesurethattheprogramisnotjustbeautifulphotosandvideosofchildren，butthatwe’re8.____________(actual)seeingamazingresultsintheclassroom.That’swhyour9.____________(kid)inPencilsofPromiseschoolsprogressfastfromonegradetothenext,”

Braunsaid.Sincethen，it10.____________(help)morethan22，000childreninAfrica，AsiaandLatinAmerica.tohashelpedwherekidsactually1Ifyoureallywanttolearndriving,goingtoadrivingschoolmightbethebestchoice.(myadviceis.