英語(yǔ)設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告格式

英文實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告的格式和寫法【轉(zhuǎn)】2010-10-0406:03一份最標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告的格式：abstractintroductionmethodresultsdiscussionconclusionreference分別來(lái)分享下近來(lái)學(xué)到的。。abstract摘要摘要，就是整篇文章摘出來(lái)的要。強(qiáng)烈建議整篇文章寫完后再寫摘要。把文章每個(gè)部分選一些句子出來(lái)就可以拼湊成一個(gè)abstract了。一個(gè)abstract的模板：一兩句話說明這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的主要理論依據(jù)，或者實(shí)驗(yàn)需要證明的假說。2一兩句話說一下這個(gè)理論或者假說的相關(guān)的研究。3兩三句話描述一下實(shí)驗(yàn)4兩三句話概括一下實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果5一句話說一個(gè)結(jié)論，解釋一下這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的意義或結(jié)果的重要性轉(zhuǎn)一個(gè)別人的example:doesachild'sfocuscorrelatewithbarometricpressure?ifso,doesitcorrelatepositivelyornegatively?tucker(1999)hypothesizedanegativecorrelation,butthisassertionhasneverbeentested.ourteamusedthemishacpttomeasurethefocusofagroupof150third-gradestudents.wedividedthestudentsintothreegroupsof50students.onegrouptookthemishacptwhenbarometricpressurewaslow,anothergrouptookitwhenbarometricpressurewasneutral,andthefinalgrouptookitwhenbarometricpressurewashigh.theresultsfoundthatchildrenfocusedsignificantlybetterwhenbarometricpressurewaslowthanwhenbarometricpressurewasneutralorhigh.theresultssuggestthatwhendiagnosingadhd,practitionersshouldgivethecptwhenbarometricpressureisroductionintroduction以實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康臑殚_頭，解釋一下這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)需要證明的東西。具體實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康囊暼獙?shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告長(zhǎng)度而定，幾段到幾頁(yè)都有的。實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康膶懲旰蠼榻B實(shí)驗(yàn)基本理論。介紹一下前人或者文獻(xiàn)里的相近相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)，寫一下他們的成果以及不到位的地方。（well,如果是學(xué)校安排的每年都要做的實(shí)驗(yàn)就寫寫類似相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)的優(yōu)劣吧），這部分注意寫reference。然后介紹一下實(shí)驗(yàn)過程。如果實(shí)驗(yàn)用了一些非常見的儀器，也可以在這個(gè)部分做一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)要介紹。再轉(zhuǎn)一篇我認(rèn)為寫得很好的introductionexampleintroductioninthislab,weexplorethetheoryofoptimalforagingandthetheoryofcentralplaceforagingusingbeaversasthemodelanimal.foragingreferstothemammalianbehaviorassociatedwithsearchingforfood.theoptimalforagingtheoryassumesthatanimalsfeedinawaythatmaximizestheirnetrateofenergyintakeperunittime(pykeetal.1977).ananimalmayeithermaximizeitsdailyenergyintake(energymaximizer)orminimizethetimespentfeeding(timeminimizer)inordertomeetminimumthecentralplacetheoryisusedtodescribeanimalsthatcollectfoodandstoreitinafixedlocationintheirhomerange,thecentralplace(jenkins1980).thefactorsassociatedwiththeoptimalforagingtheoryalsoapplytothecentralplacetheory.thecentralplacetheorypredictsthatretrievalcostsincreaselinearlywithdistanceoftheresourcefromthecentralplace(rockwoodandhubbell1987).centralplacefeedersareveryselectivewhenchoosingfoodthatisfarfromthecentralplacesincetheyhavetospendtimeandenergyhaulingitbacktothestoragesite(schoener1979).themainobjectiveofthislabwastodeterminebeaver(castorcanadensis)foodselectionbasedontreespecies,size,anddistance.sincebeaversareenergymaximizers(jenkins1980,belovsky1984)andcentralplacefeeders(mcginleyandwhitam1985),theymakeanexcellenttestanimalfortheoptimalforagingtheory.beaverseatseveralkindsofherbaceousplantsaswellastheleaves,twigs,andbarkofmostspeciesofwoodyplantsthatgrownearwater(jenkinsandbusher1979).byexaminingthetreesthatarechewedornot-chewedinthebeavers'homerange,anaccurateassessmentoffoodpreferencesamongtreespeciesmaybegained(jenkins1975).thepurposeofthislabwastolearnabouttheoptimalforagingtheory.wewantedtoknowifbeaversputtheoptimalforagingtheoryintoactionwhenselectingfood.wehypothesizedthatthebeaversinthisstudywillchoosetreesthataresmallincircumferenceandclosesttothewater.sincetheenergyyieldoftreespeciesmayvarysignificantly,wealsohypothesizedthatbeaverswillshowapreferenceforsomespeciesoftreesoverothersregardlessofcircumferencesizeordistancefromthecentralarea.theoptimalforagingtheoryandcentralplacetheoryleadustopredictthatbeavers,likemostherbivores,willmaximizetheirnetrateofenergyintakeperunittime.inordertomaximizeenergy,beaverswillchoosetreesthatareclosesttotheircentralplace(thewater)andrequiretheleastretrievalcost.sincebeaversaretryingtomaximizeenergy,wehypothesizedthattheywilltendtoselectsomespeciesoftreesoverothersonthebasisofnutritionalvalue.methods這部分通常包括material和procedure兩個(gè)部分。material：詳細(xì)的寫出實(shí)驗(yàn)用到的材料，設(shè)備，器材。像下面這樣是不夠詳盡的：chromatographylightbulbs比較一下下面的：lc-10avpplushigh-performanceliquidchromatography24incandescent60wlightbulbsarrangedina6*4rectangularmatrix(seefigure[2014年3月20日]contentpart1introduction......................................................................1motivation........................................................................................................1methods.............................................................................................................1significance......................................................................................................1part2.......................................................................................................22.1thedefinitionoffeminism.............................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.2importantmovements....................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.3famousfeministsandsuccessfulwomen...................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。2.4summary............................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。part3casestudy..........................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3.1[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]..........................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3.2[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]..........................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3.3[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]..........................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。3.4summary............................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。part4analysis/discussion.........................................................44.1[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]............................................................................................54.2[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]............................................................................................54.3[根據(jù)實(shí)際內(nèi)容填寫]............................................................................................54.4summary..............................................................................................................5part5conclusion...........................................................................6references..........................................................................................7appendix................................................................................................8part1introduction1.1motivationfirstofall,wefindweusuallyusealabeltodescribeacountry.forexample,franceisromantic;americaisfreeandopen;egyptismystery.sosomequestionshitus.whatistheimpressionofchinaonforeigners?isittrue?isthereanylabelstheyusetodescribechinese？then,withthestepofreformandrevolutioninchina，bothofthelivesandeducationofchinesehavebeenimproved.butwhenwewatchnewsoninternet，wefindthattherearestillsomeprejudiceaboutchinese.sowewanttoknowchinainforeigners'eyes.methodslistingsomequestions.goingoutandinterviewingsomeforeignersinthestreet.chattingonlinewithforeigners.organizingtheinformation.1.3significance1.4difficultiessomedistricts,economyinminhangdistrictisrelativelybackwardandthepopulationisnotverylarge,sowegotupearlyonsaturdaytogotosomebustlingdistrictslongingtomeetmoreforeigners.however,maybethetimewechosewasnotverysuit.wedidnotmeetlotsofforeignersinthemorning.wejusthungoutinthestreetunderthestrongsun.fortunately,ourinterviewbecamemoresmoothintheafternoon.what'smore,manyintervieweeswouldn'tliketotakethevideo,sowemaymisssomedetails.ontheotherhand,itincreasesourdifficultiesinorganizingtheinformationaftertheinterview.part2background2.1someviewsonchina1,chinesepeople'sfeelingisdifferent.theirlife."2,chinesepeoplelikereputationverymuch."iknowifidon'tprovemyselfinfrontofmystudents,iwillhavetolistentoa"lecture"aboutchina'sfive-thousand-yearhistory.",saidbychriscoley,teachinginternationalrelationsinrenmnuniversityofchina.3,chinesepeoplearesensitiveaboutsometopics."theopinionsofchinesepeoplemaynotreconcilewiththoseofwesternpeopleonsometopics.infact,ireallydon'tknowwhattheideasofchinesepeopleonsomesensiblequestionsare,becausechinesepeoplealwayskeepoffthem.",saidbygerardvanbrecht,fromthenetherlands.4．chinaisaconfusingbutmysteriouscountry.chinesepeople'spersonalitiesarealsouncertain.part3casestudylastweek,wedidaresearchinmidnortherncampus.thesurveyemphasizedonbeforetheinterview,weguessitmaybesuch:crowedstreet,uncultivatedchinese,chinesekungfu,confuciusandsoon.butlaterwefinditisquitedifferentfromourimagination.duringtheresearch,weinterviewedafewforeignersandaskedthemsomethereanythingaboutchinathatisn'ttrue?",and"whatleadstothesedistinctions."afterthat,weheardaboutseveralinterestinganswers.accordingtothereply,wemakeaconclusionaboutthekeywords:food,people,environmentandculture.3.1foodeachforeignerreferstothechinesefood.thereissharpdistinctionbetweenrealityandimagination.contrarytowhattheyfindinlocalchinatown,foodinchinaisgenerallyhealthy,deliciousandbeautifullypresented,whichisdifferentfromwhattheyhaveheardabout,suchasunhealthy,fatanddirty.sowhychinesefoodmadeinforeigncountryissobad?whychinesefoodleaveabadimpressioninforeigners'eyes?itisaquestionworththinkingabout.3.2peopledifferent.mostofchinesecareaboutfaceproblemverymuch,whichstandsforreputation.ifsomeoneplaysjokeonhim,itmightoffendhim.what'smore,mike,aenglishteacherfromgermantoldmethat,aschinesestudentsaresohard-working,theyknowalotbuttalklittle.andtheyprefertolisteningtoteachersratherthan篇三：英文實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告模板determinationofheavymetalsinsoilbyatomicabsorptionspectrometry(aas)name:xufeigroup:the3rdgroupdate:sep.20th2012part1theintroduction1thepurposes(1)learnhowtooperatetheatomicabsorptionspectrometry;(2)learnhowtodothepretreatmentofsoilsamples;(3)getfamiliarwiththeapplicationofatomicabsorptionspectrometry.2theprinciplesatomicabsorptionspectrometry(aas)isatechniqueformeasuringquantitiesofchemicalelementspresentinenvironmentalsamplesbymeasuringtheabsorbedradiationbythechemicalelementofinterest.thisisdonebyreadingthespectraproducedwhenthesampleisexcitedbyradiation.theatomsabsorbultravioletorvisiblelightandmaketransitionstohigherenergylevels.theconcentrationiscalculatedbasedonthebeer-lambertlaw.absorbanceisdirectlyproportionaltotheconcentrationoftheanalyteabsorbedfortheexistingsetofconditions.theconcentrationisusuallydeterminedfromacalibrationcurve,obtainedusingstandardsofknownconcentration.calibrationcurvemethod:preparestandardsolutionsofatleastthreedifferentconcentrations,measuretheabsorbanceofthesestandardsolutions,andprepareacalibrationcurvefromthevaluesobtained.thenmeasuretheabsorbanceofthetestsolutionadjustedinconcentrationtoameasurablerange,anddeterminetheconcentrationoftheelementfromthecalibrationcurve.part2thematerialsandapparatuspart3theprocedure3.1operatingprocedureforaas(2)installrequiredhollowcathodelamp.select"t"beforeturningtothepowerandhollowcathodelamp.thenselectappropriatelampcurrentandpreheatfor30min.(3)makesureelectricalmetertopointtozeroandthenturnonhigh-voltagepower.(4)selectappropriateslitwidth.(5)rotatemonochromatorandselectrequiredwavelength.ifthepowermeteristoohighorlow,adjustnegativehighvoltageuntilthemeterreadsfullscale.(6)adjustlightpointandwavelengthsothatthemeterrepresentsthemaximumvalue.(8)injectdistilledwaterintotheflameandcontinuetopreheattheburner.injectdistilledwaterintotheflameaftereachsample.(9)select"e",injectblanksolutionintotheflameandadjustthemetertozero.(10)optimizeanalysisconditionsandmeasurestandardsolutionandsamples.(12)select"t"beforeturningoffhighvoltagepower,decreaselampcurrentandthenturnoffthelamp.atthesametime,allbuttonsshouldbeonoriginalpositions.(13)checktheequipmentbeforeleavingthelaboratory.3.2determinationofsoilsamples(1)preparationofextractingsolution(0.05mol/ledtasolution)18.6gofedtaisdissolvedwithwaterinabeaker(500ml).thephisadjustedto7.0usingdiluteammonia.themixtureistransferredintoavolumetricflask(1000ml),dilutetothemarkandmixedwell.(2)treatmentofsoilsamples2.50gofair-driedsoil(60-100mesh)isputintoanerlenmeyerflaskwithstopper(100ml).12.5mlofedtasolutionisadded.themixtureisshakenfor1handthenfiltered.thefiltrateispreservedforanalysis.(3)preparationofcustandardstocksolution0.10gofcuisdissolvedin15mlof(1:1)nitricacidsolution.themixtureistransferredintoavolumetricflask(1000ml)anddilutedtothemarkwithre-distilledwater.theconcentrationofthestockstandardsolutionis100g/ml.(theconcentrationshouldbecalculatedaccordingtothemassofcu).theworkingcustandardsolution(10μg/ml)isobtainedbydiluting10mlofcustandardstocksolutionto100mlwithre-distilledwater.(4)plottingofthestandardcurve0ml,1ml,2ml,3ml,4mland5mlofcustandardsolution(10μg/ml)areaddedrespectivelyto6volumetricflask(10ml)with1mlof5mol/lhydrochloricacid.themixtureisdilutedwithre-distilledwaterandmixedwelltogive0μg/ml,1.00μg/ml,2.00μg/ml,3.00μg/ml,4.00μg/ml,5.00μg/mlofcu,respectively.theabsorbanceismeasuredatwavelengthsof3247?.thestandardcurveisconstructedbyplottingabsorbancevs.concentration.(5)determinationofsamplesthesamplesolutionisanalyzedusingthesameprocedureandconditionsasforthestandardcurve.theconcentrationofcuisobtainedfromthestandardcurvebasedontheabsorbance.part4theresults4.1therawdata4.2aasstandardcurve4.3calculationtheabsorbanceofsampleis0.0511.accordingtotheformulaabove:y=0.0446x+0.0024,r2=0.9997theconcentrationofcuinthesampleis:1.091mg/l.part5discussioninthisexperiment,weusetheaastodeterminecuinsoil.ilearnhowtooperatetheaasandthelimitation.intheexperimentalprocess,standardsolutionwaspreparedinstrictaccordancewiththeexperimentalrequirementsandilearnhowtodealwiththedata.finallywegetthestandardcurve,then,thesampleconcentrationiscalculatedaccordingtotheabsorbanceofthesample.ultimately,wegetthelinearformulaisy=0.0446x+0.0024andr2=0.9997.fromaccordingtotheformulaandtheabsorbanceofcuinthesampleis0.0511,wedrawtheconcentrationofcuinthesampleis1.091μg/ml.wehaveknownthattheconcentrationoftestsamplemeasuredbyinstrumentis1.091mg/l.wecansayourresultofexperimentissoveryaccuratefromthestandardcurveofcuandthevalueofr(r2=0.09997).theaccuratedataisduetotheeffortsofweeveryone.thanksforeverymembersofourgroup.ihavesomesuggestionsforourexperiments.firstlywhenwe'lldoanexperiment,wemustprepareourpre-labbyourselvesandtranslateitintochinese.onlydolikethis,wecanunderstandtheexperimentwell.secondlyweshouldprefertosolutetheproblemsintheexperimentratherthanaskforta.finally,everyoneshouldunderstandhisowntaskintheexperiment.篇四：英語(yǔ)論文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式扉頁(yè)（英文）culturalfactorsinchinese&englishproverbstranslation（timesnewroman二號(hào)加粗居中）bylihairongwangzhiyun,tutor（timesnewroman小二居中）registeredno.09301040126facultyofforeignlanguagesshanghaibusinessschooldecember,2011（timesnewroman小二）論文摘要（英文）及關(guān)鍵詞abstract（timesnewroman二號(hào)，加粗，居中）proverbsreflectcolorfulnationalculturein（timesnewroman四號(hào)）........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................（空一行）keywords:proverbs;translation;culture;differences（timesnewroman四號(hào)）說明：1．關(guān)鍵詞3-5個(gè)，詞與詞之間用分號(hào)隔開，除專有名詞外，其他單詞首字母不大寫，最后一個(gè)詞后面無(wú)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。2．"摘要"下空一行寫摘要內(nèi)容，摘要內(nèi)容與關(guān)鍵詞之間空一行。論文摘要（中文）及關(guān)鍵詞摘要諺語(yǔ).............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................（英文摘要的對(duì)應(yīng)譯文）關(guān)鍵詞：（宋體四號(hào)，加粗）諺語(yǔ)；翻譯；文化；區(qū)別（宋體四號(hào)）說明：1．中文摘要的內(nèi)容和關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)與英文摘要相對(duì)應(yīng)，關(guān)鍵詞3-5個(gè)，詞與詞之間用分號(hào)隔開。2．"摘要"下空一行寫摘要內(nèi)容，摘要內(nèi)容與關(guān)鍵詞之間空一行。contents（timesnewroman小二號(hào)加粗，居中，目錄占一或兩頁(yè)）statement(inchinese)...........................................................iabstract(inenglish)..............................................................iiabstract(inchinese).............................................................iiii.introduction....................................................................1（一級(jí)標(biāo)題，timesnewroman四號(hào)，加粗，"......"與頁(yè)碼不加粗，后面頁(yè)碼應(yīng)排齊，下同）ii.thecharacteristicsofidioms.............................................2（二級(jí)標(biāo)題，timesnewroman四號(hào)，不加粗）........................................2...............................................................................3iii.thetranslationofidioms.................................................4differencesbetweenliteraltranslationandfreetranslation.......4（三級(jí)標(biāo)題，timesnewroman四號(hào)，不加粗）....................................5............................................................................5（四級(jí)標(biāo)題，timesnewroman四號(hào)，不加粗）............................................6b..........................................................................................................6c..........................................................................................................6d..........................................................................................................7iv.differentculturesinchinaandwesterncountries...............8.........................................................................................................9.........................................................................................................9.......................................................................................................10v.conclusion.........................................................................................11bibliography...........................................................................................12acknowledgements...............................................................................13篇五：英語(yǔ)開題報(bào)告的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式byligangtheteachingofcultureintheenglishlanguageeducationi.introductioninteachingenglishasaforeignlanguage,theimportanceofteachingculturehasbeenwidelyrecognized.howeverhowtoteachcultureinforeignlanguageeducationisaproblemfacedbylanguageeducatorsallovertheworld.inthepresentthesisconcerninglinguistictheoriesandvariouswaysofteachingforeigncultureintheenglishclassroomwillbesurveyedandstudiedinthelightofchinesesituation.thepresentthe