DB43-T 2075-2021 氣象洪澇等級

ICS

07.060CCS

43湖 南 省 地 方 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)DB43/T

2075—2021氣象洪澇等級Meteorological

flood

grade2021

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05

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28

發(fā)布

2021

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實(shí)施湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局

發(fā)

布DB43/T

2075— 前言························································································································

Ⅲ1·····················································································································

12 規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································13 術(shù)語和定義············································································································14 氣象洪澇等級·········································································································25 流域面雨量百分位數(shù)································································································

36 面雨量計(jì)算方法······································································································57 流域劃分圖············································································································5附錄

A（資料性） 面雨量計(jì)算方法················································································7附錄

B（資料性） 湖南省標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化流域氣象分區(qū)圖······························································

8DB43/T

2075— 本文件按照

GB/T

—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第

1

部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。本文件由湖南省氣象局提出。本文件由湖南省氣象標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)歸口。本文件主要起草單位：湖南省氣象臺(tái)。筱龍。IIIDB43/T

—1

本文件規(guī)定了氣象洪澇的等級劃分、流域面雨量百分位數(shù)、面雨量計(jì)算方法等。本文件適用于氣象洪澇的監(jiān)測評估、預(yù)警預(yù)報(bào)和科學(xué)研究等。2

規(guī)范性引用文件文件。GB/T

20486—2017 江河流域面雨量等級GB/T

22482—2008 水文情報(bào)預(yù)報(bào)規(guī)范GB/T

27966—2011 災(zāi)害性天氣預(yù)報(bào)警報(bào)指南GB/T

28592—2012 降水量等級GB/T

33680—2017 暴雨災(zāi)害等級QX/T

—2011 衛(wèi)星遙感洪澇監(jiān)測技術(shù)導(dǎo)則QX/T

—2020 中小河流洪水和山洪致災(zāi)閾值雨量等級MZ/T

—2013 暴雨型洪澇災(zāi)害災(zāi)情預(yù)評估方法DB21/T

1455.3—2006 極軌衛(wèi)星遙感監(jiān)測 第

3

部分：洪澇災(zāi)害DB43/T

234—2004 氣象災(zāi)害術(shù)語和分級DB43/T

835—2013 湖南極端降水事件監(jiān)測方法與判別指標(biāo)3

術(shù)語和定義下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。3.1洪澇 flood由于降水過多而引發(fā)河流泛濫、山洪暴發(fā)和積水。[來源：DB43/T

234—2004，2.1]3.2流域 valley是河流的集水區(qū)域。[來源：GB/T

20486—2017，2.1]3.3流域洪澇 valley

flood某一河流集水區(qū)域由于降水過多而引發(fā)河流泛濫、山洪暴發(fā)和積水。1020025130140110AP10DB43/T

—3.4降雨量mm位，取一位小數(shù)。[來源：GB/T

28592—2012，2.1]3.5面雨量

某一時(shí)段內(nèi)特定區(qū)域或流域的平均降雨量。注：以毫米（mm）為單位，取一位小數(shù)。[來源：GB/T

20486—2017，2.4]3.6百分位數(shù) 值稱為這一百分位的百分位數(shù)。[來源：DB43/T

835—2013，2.9]3.7閾值

某統(tǒng)計(jì)量達(dá)到臨界狀況的值，也稱臨界值。3.8極端事件

events統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)中把一組按大小排序的數(shù)據(jù)分為

等分后，選取某個(gè)長期序列的固定百分位值作為閾值，超過這個(gè)閾值的值被認(rèn)為是極端值，該事件被認(rèn)為是極端事件。[來源：DB43/T

835—2013，2.10]4

氣象洪澇等級

4

個(gè)等級，各個(gè)等級對應(yīng)的范圍見表

1。表

1 單站氣象洪澇等級表

1 單站氣象洪澇等級流域氣象洪澇等級劃分依據(jù)流域面雨量的百分位數(shù)，分為輕度、中度、重度和特重洪澇

4

個(gè)等級，表

表

2 流域氣象洪澇等級序號(hào)子流域編號(hào)流域名稱子流域名稱第一百分位數(shù)第二百分位數(shù)第五百分位數(shù)第十百分位數(shù)223.4190.7149.5116.4217.1190.2144.7111.7200.4166.6130.6104.8221.0180.2142.9107.8219.0190.5151.9118.2I-01187.5169.9132.6109.1I-02240.6196.2161.5124.8I-03181.6155.1120.899.8I-04269.4240.3164.3121.7I-05227.2215.5161.1119.0I-06196.4164.4127.596.1II-01211.4180.1146.1121.4II-02164.5144.3119.599.4II-03157.3124.1104.185.110II-04151.5137.1126.6103.411II-05271.4223.8175.4141.110AP5AP<AP2AP2AP<AP1AP1APDB43/T

—表

2表

2流域氣象洪澇等級（續(xù)）表中：AP1——流域面雨量從大到小排列的第一百分位數(shù)AP2——流域面雨量從大到小排列的第二百分位數(shù)AP5——流域面雨量從大到小排列的第五百分位數(shù)AP10——流域面雨量從大到小排列的第十百分位數(shù)5

流域面雨量百分位數(shù)基于

1961

年以來的國家氣象站和區(qū)域自動(dòng)氣象站的數(shù)據(jù)，分別計(jì)算湖南各流域的面雨量，將面雨準(zhǔn)，湖南各流域面雨量對應(yīng)的百分位數(shù)見表

3。表

表

3 流域面雨量百分位數(shù)

（單位：mm）序號(hào)子流域編號(hào)流域名稱子流域名稱第一百分位數(shù)第二百分位數(shù)第五百分位數(shù)第十百分位數(shù)12II-06199.9152.4113.793.213II-07141.3124.094.378.814II-08179.1157.9108.686.415II-09171.7140.1115.895.316II-10177.0150.6114.591.317II-11204.7176.2132.3104.918II-12196.6165.1129.8103.019II-13261.0232.4170.6132.420II-14227.4183.6140.4111.321II-15229.2178.7139.3104.622II-16225.6184.0149.8117.323II-17237.2177.6139.1112.924III-01329.0286.1230.1164.125III-02169.7106.491.377.326III-03195.9147.3123.798.427III-04157.5135.6106.581.528III-05202.5171.9126.595.729III-06269.0209.5162.3124.830III-07223.5204.1159.7112.531IV-01185.6167.2130.5111.932IV-02189.9168.7131.2104.433IV-03163.8148.8123.4102.334IV-04207.0172.0143.6120.335IV-05181.3159.2131.0103.536IV-06190.7160.5136.9110.237IV-07159.4141.5119.096.638IV-08180.7159.0128.4103.939IV-09285.1227.0163.2122.640IV-10249.2225.1183.5133.941IV-11246.1222.1159.4123.142IV-12298.2230.7174.1119.343IV-13249.2215.4180.6127.944IV-14249.5229.5188.3141.9表

表

3 續(xù)）

（單位：）DB43/T

—序號(hào)子流域編號(hào)流域名稱子流域名稱第一百分位數(shù)第二百分位數(shù)第五百分位數(shù)第十百分位數(shù)45IV-15229.1212.1155.6126.846IV-16247.0198.6167.8122.047IV-17217.3182.0148.3129.048IV-18180.7169.8149.7119.349IV-19267.3233.0189.4141.250IV-20227.3199.2147.6109.251IV-21194.8178.3139.5112.952V-01234.6195.7150.5123.053V-02232.3190.9149.8118.454V-03332.6286.2215.6157.655V-04201.9185.3161.1129.656V-05296.0272.2209.3168.3DB43/T

—表

3 表

3 續(xù)）

（單位：）面雨量計(jì)算方法參見附錄

A。7

流域劃分圖流域劃分圖參見附錄

B。 i

n i

nPAP / ………………（） iiPAP………………（）附

錄A（資料性）面雨量計(jì)算方法A.1 概述站分布情況，選擇比較適宜的計(jì)算方法。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)一采用算術(shù)平均法計(jì)算面雨量。A.2算術(shù)平均法為：ni式中：AP——流域面雨量；P ——流域內(nèi)某一雨量站（或網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)）的同期站點(diǎn)雨量；n ——雨量站（或網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)）數(shù)。A.3泰森多邊形法域面雨量為各雨量站點(diǎn)的雨量乘以各自的控制面積的總和除以流域的總面積。其計(jì)算公式為：W=S/S……………………（）式中：W ——某一雨量站的控制面積與流域總面積的比值，即權(quán)重系數(shù)；S ——流域內(nèi)某一雨量站的控制面積；S ——流域的總面積。ni1式中：AP ——流域面雨量；P ——流域內(nèi)某一雨量站（或網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)）的同期站點(diǎn)雨量；n ——雨量站（或網(wǎng)格點(diǎn)）數(shù)。DB43/T

—A.4 等值線法示為：

fiPi

/F

………………（）

11P