2021年天津市小港中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題(C類)專練(附答案)

2021年天津市小港中學(xué)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題（C類）專練（附答案）CDostarsonlyappearatnight?Theanswerisno.Venus（金星）istheoneandonlystarthatcanbeseeninthedaytime.ItshoneatitsbrightestinthenightskyonFebruary17,2017.Venusisthesecondplanetinorderfromthesun.Itisthesecondbrightestnaturalobject（物體）,behindthemoon,inthenightsky.Whyisitsobright?Firstofall,Venusistheclosestplanettotheearth.Itisalsocoveredbyhighlyreflective（反射的）clouds,whichcanreflectabout70percentofthesunlightshiningit,almosttwiceasmuchastheearthdoe.Somepeoplecalled2017theyearofVenus,becausetheplanetwasatitsbrightesttwiceintheyear.Venusgetsbrighterwhenitgoesfurtherawayfromthesun,andnearertotheearth.ThebrightestmomenthappenedonceinFebruary,andhappenedagainduringdaylightonApril30th.VenusisclosertotheearththanMarsandit’sclosertotheearthinsize.Isn’titabetterchoiceforhumanexploration（探索）thanMars?However,withatemperatureofabout465℃onthesurface,Venusisthehottestplanetinoursolarsystem!Sopeoplehaven’texploredVenusyet.Butscientistsnevergiveup.Recently,ateamofNASAandRussianscientistscreatedanewcomputerequipmentthatcanstandtemperaturesof480℃.ItcanworkunderVenus-likeconditionsforalmost22days.Thenextstep,accordingtothescientists,istosendaprobe（探測(cè)器）toVenusby2025.36.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutVenus?A.Itisthesecondplanetinorderfromthesun. B.Itonceshoneatitsbrightestinthenightsky.C.Itistheoneandonlystarthatcanbeseenindaytime. D.Itisthesecondbrightestnaturalobjectbehindtheearth.37.Venusissobrightbecause________.a.itcanreflectabout70percentofthesunlightb.itiscoveredbyhighlyreflectivecloudsc.ItistheclosestplanettotheearthA.a,b B.b,c C.a,c D.a,b,c38.Whyhaven’tpeopleexploredVenusyet?A.Becauseit’sclosertothesun. B.Becauseit’sclosertotheearthinsize.C.Becauseit’sthehottestplanetinsolarsystem. D.Becauseit’sclosertotheearththanMars.39.Accordingtothepassagethenewcomputerequipment________.A.isausefulprobeB.canstandtemperaturesabove480℃C.canworkunderVenus-likeconditionsforabout22daysD.iscreatedonlybyRussianscientists40.Wherecanweprobablyfindthispassage?A.Inasciencemagazine. B.Inatravelguide. C.Inanovel. D.Inashortstory.【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.C40.ACWhenIsawRonnyforthefirsttime,helookedlikeotherkidsinthefirst-gradeclassroomwhereIvolunteered（自愿）asaReadingMom.However,heusuallyarrivedatschoolwearingoldclothes.OnthedaywhenitwasRonny’sturntoread,hesatveryclosetome.Iwatchedhisfingersmoveslowlyundereachletterashetriedtospeakout“BudtheSub”.Itsoundedmorelike“BawDawSaw”whenhesaiditbecauseofhisdifficultywiththealphabet（字母）.TheyearpassedquicklyandRonnyhadmadesomeprogressbuthewasstillbelowthelevelofgrade.Afewweeksbeforetheschoolyearended,Iheldanawardceremony（頒獎(jiǎng)典禮）.Ihadgiftsandcertificates（證書(shū)）foreveryone.IttookmeawhiletothinkaboutwhichgiftisgoodforRonny.Ibelievedthegiftcouldcheerhimup.Ifinallydecidedon“TheMostProgressiveReader”.Ishowedhimacertificateandabook.Afewdayslater,IsawRonnyreadingthebookwhenIwentbacktotheschool.Histeachersaid,“Hehasn’tputthatbookdown.That’sthefirstbookhe’severhad.”FightingbacktearsIcamenearRonnyandasked,“Willyoureadmeyourbook,Ronny?”Henodded.Andthen,forthenextfewminutes,hereadtomemoresmoothlythanI’deverthought.Whenhefinishedreading,Ronnyclosedhisbookandsaid,“Goodbook.”Atthatmoment,IwassodeeplymovedthatImadeabigdecision-carechildrenandmakethemexcellent.36.ThewriterfoundthattherewassomethingwrongwithRonny’s_______.A.eyes B.pronunciation C.opinions D.fingers37.ThewriterpraisedRonnyattheendoftheschoolyearbecause________intheclass.A.hedidaswellastheotherstudents B.hecouldreadthealphabetbestC.hewasabovethelevelofgrade D.hetriedtodobetter38.Theunderlinedphrase“Fightingbacktears”inthefourthparagraphmeans________.A.beginningtocrysilently B.turningbacktocryloudlyC.tryinghardnottoshowthefeeling D.beingfilledwithsadtears39.Thewriterwasmovedsodeeplythatshewantedto________.A.takecareofRonnyallthetime B.helpmorechildrenbecomesuccessfulC.teachchildrenintheschoolasateacher D.writemorenovelsforchildren40.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Manychildrenaren’tcaredinsomeschools. B.Mostchildrenliketoreadiftheyhavegoodbooks.C.Childrenshouldbeencouragedintheirstudy. D.Alltheauthorscanbegoodteachersinprimaryschools.【答案】36.B37.D38.C39.B40.CCMaterialOneIfyourchildoftengetsbadgrades,youmustfeelsad.Asamiddleschoolteacher,Ifeelsad,too.However,I'dliketosaythatbadgradesarenottheendoftheworld.Recently,researchersfromtheUniversityofBristol(inEngland)andtheUniversityofChicago(intheUSA)didasurvey.Over10,000peopletookpartintheresearch.Thestudyshowsthatpromisingchildrenmoney,iPadsorcellphonestopassexamsisuseless.However,promisesoftripscanencouragestudentstostudyhard.Sofromnowon,pleasemakeproperpromises.MaterialTwoAsaneducationexpert,Icaremuchaboutyourkids.AlotofparentsIknowwanttheirkidstodowellintheirstudies.Afterall,goodgradesinschoolcouldincreasekid'schanceofachievingbigthingswhentheygrowold.Helpingyourkidsimprovetheirstudiescanbepossiblebyfollowingthesetips:★Seetoitthatyourkidseatright.it'simportanttoeatabalancedandhealthydiet.Makesurethatyourkidsdon'tskipbreakfast.★L(fēng)etyourkidsgetenoughsleep.Makesurethattheygetatleasteighthoursofsleep.Gettingagoodnight'ssleepisasimportantaseatingthreehealthymealsaday.★Influenceyourkidstoreadoften.Readingisagoodhabit.Itcannotonlyimproveyourkidscommunicationskillsbutalsoextendtheirvocabulary.36.AccordingtoMaterialone,promisesofcanencouragestudentstostudyhard.A.Money B.iPads C.cellphones D.trips37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoMaterialTwo?A.Breakfastisimportanttokids. B.Kidsshouldhavetwomealsaday.C.It'snecessaryforkidstogetenoughsleep. D.Readingalotishelpfultokids.38.Theunderlinedword“extend”canbereplacedby“”.A.break B.waste C.increase D.remember39.Fromtheabovereading,wecanlearnthat.A.thewriterofMaterialOneworksinauniversityB.theUniversityofBristolliesintheUSAC.thewriterofMaterialTwoisateacherD.parentscandomuchtohelpkidswiththeirstudies40.Whoistheabovereadingwrittenfor？A.Parents B.Students C.Teachers D.Educationexperts【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.D40.ACDoencyclopediasknoweverything?LongbeforeWikipedia(維基百科)orEncyclopediaBritannica(大英百科全書(shū)),therewasPlinytheElder.Hewasafirst-centuryRomanresearcher.Hisassistantsreadtohimwhileheatedinnerandwhilehebathed.Allthewhile,Plinytooknotes.Heevenconsideredwalkingawasteoftime.HisassistantscarriedhimaroundRomeinachairwhileheread.AllofthiswasdoneinpreparationforhisHistoriaNaturalis.ThebookwaspublishedinA.D.77.Itisconsideredtheoldestsurviving(現(xiàn)存的)encyclopediaonEarth.Thereare2,500chapters.TheycovereverythingfrommicetoMars.“NoRomanauthorhascompletedsuchaproject,”P(pán)linyproudlydeclared.Unluckily,twoyearsafterhavingpublishedtheencyclopedia,hediedinanaturaldisaster.Accidentscanhardlybeavoided.However,theycanberecorded.Editors(編輯)ofencyclopedias,likePliny,organizetheknowledgeofourworld.Likeavaluablegift,thebooksarepasseddownthroughtheages.Theybegintheirlivesasatoolandendthemasahistoricalrecord.Therefore,inmyopinion,anencyclopediaisnotjustarecordofwhatitseditorsknow,it’salsoarecordofwhattheydon’tknow.Plinywaswrongwhenhesaidthereweresevenplanets,includingtheSunandtheMoon.Hewaswrong,too,whenhesaidAfricanswereblackfrombeingburntbytheSun.Afterall,HistoriaNaturalisisabookeditedbyaRomanthousandsofyearsago.Itcontainedallofthethingshetrulyknewatthetime.Similarly,IbelievebothWikipediaandEncyclopediaBritannicahavesomeinaccurate(不準(zhǔn)確的)information.Eventhebiggestencyclopediasonlyrepresentwhattheireditorsknow.“Thetaskofeditinganencyclopediacanneverbecompleted,”saidRogerLewinter,anAmericanresearcher.Encyclopediascan’trecordallofhumanknowledgebutjustsomeofit.Theyarealwayswaitingforsomeone—you,perhaps—toimprovethem.56.Accordingtothearticle,beforePlinytheEldercompletedHistoriaNaturalis,________.A.nobodyknewwhatMarswasB.therewasnoencyclopediaonEarthC.nobodyhadconsideredwalkingawasteoftimeD.noRomanauthorhadcompletedanencyclopedia57.Theunderlinedword“declared”(inParagraph3)isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.made B.said C.created D.took58.WhendidPlinytheElderdieinanaturaldisaster?A.InA.D.79. B.InA.D.77. C.InA.D.75. D.In77B.C.59.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingstatementscanwefindinHitoriaNaturalis?A.Amongallthecontinents,AfricaisthefarthestfromtheSun.B.TherearemanymiceinAfrica.C.TheSunisaplanet.D.Marsisnotaplanet.60.Theauthorofthisarticleexpectshisreadersto________.A.improveanencyclopediaB.findallthemistakesinHistoriaNaturalis.C.completethetaskofeditinganencyclopediaD.takealookattheworld’sbiggestencyclopedia【答案】56.D57.B58.A59.C60.ACIngvarKampradwasbornon30thMarch1926inLjungbySweden.HeisthewealthiestEuropean-bornpersonandtheseventhwealthiestpersonintheworld.Abusinessmanfromchildhood,hegrewupfromsellingmatchestohisneighboursasayoungboytosellinghouseholditems(家用商品)totheworldasthecreatoroffurniturestoreIKEA.Kampraddiscoveredthesecretofbusinessatayoungage.Herealisedthathecouldbuymatchesinbulk(批發(fā))fromStockholmandsellthemseparatelyatreasonableprices,andstillmakeagreatdealofmoney.Hedevelopedhisbusinesssuccessfullyfrommatchestofish,Christmascardsandpens.WhenKampradwasattheageofseventeen,hisfathergavehimmoneyasaprizefortheprogresshemadeinhisstudies.Withthismoney,IKEAwasborn.IKEAisoneofthemostfamousshopsintheworld.Itsellsfurniture,accessories(配件),bathroomandkitchenitems.“IKEA”isknownforalwaysgivingnamesinsteadofnumberstoeachofitsproducts.ThisisbecauseofKamprad’sdyslexia(閱讀障礙).Actually,hefoundnameseasiertorememberthanproductcodes(代碼).Thestore’snamecomesfromIngvarKamprad’sinitials(首字母)—IK,thoseofthefamilyfarmwherehewasborn—Elmtarydandthevillagecloseby—Agunnaryd.“IKEA”nowhasstoresinoverfortydifferentcountries.Kampradisfamousforhisfrugality.Hedoesn’twearsuits,andheflieseconomyclass(經(jīng)濟(jì)艙).Healsorequiresthathisemployees(員工)writeonbothsidesofasheetofpaper.Healsodrivesafifteen-year-oldVolvo,andisknowntobuywrapping(包裝)paperandChristmaspaperinthepost,especiallyduringChristmassales.However,KampradownsahousewithalargegardeninSwitzerlandandavineyard(葡萄園)inFrance.36.Asayoungboy,Kampradmademoneyby________.A.studyinghard B.sellingmatchesC.sellingfurniture D.makingfurniture37.WheredidKampradgetmoneytocreateIKEA?A.Fromthebank. B.Fromhisfather.C.Fromhisschool. D.Fromhisfriends.38.WhydoesIKEAgivenamesinsteadofnumberstoeachofitsproducts?A.BecauseKampraddoesn’tlikenumbers.B.Becausenumberslookstrangetocustomers.C.BecausenamesareeasierforKampradtoremember.D.Becausecodesareeasierforcustomerstoremember.39.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningoftheword“frugality”inParagraph4?A.Beingcarefulaboutspendingmoney. B.Beingweakinrememberingnames.C.Beingafraidofdrivingcars. D.Beinggoodattakingphotos.40.Themainideaofthepassageisprobablyabout________.A.thefamilyfarmwhereKampradwasbornB.themostfamousfurnitureshopsintheworldC.theprizefortheprogressKampradmadeinstudiesD.thelifeofasuccessfulbusinessman,IngvarKamprad【答案】36.B37.B38.C39.A40.DCManyyearsago,LakePonkapoginHartwell,NewJersey,wasfulloflife.Manybirdsandanimalslivedbesidethewater,whichwasfulloffish.Nowtherearefewbirds,animals,andfish.Thelakewaterispolluted.Itisinacolourofdirty（臟的）brown,anditisfilledwithstrangeplants.Howdidthishappen?First,wemustthinkabouthowwatergetsintoLakePonkapog.Whenitrains,watercomesintothelakefromallaround.Inthepast,therewereforestsallaroundLakePonkapog,sotherainwaterwasclean.Nowtherearemanyhomesaroundthelake.Peopleoftenusechemicals（化學(xué)品）intheirgardens.Theyuseotherchemicalsinsidetheirhousesforcleaningorkillinginsects（昆蟲(chóng)）.Therearealsomanybusinesses.Businessesusechemicalsintheirmachinesorshops.Otherchemicalsfallontothegroundfromcarsortrucks.Whenitrains,therainwaterpicksupallthechemicalsfromhomesandbusinessesandthencarriesthemintothelake.Theypollutethewaterandkilltheanimals.Boatsonthelakearealsoaproblem.LakePonkapogisapopularplaceformotorboats.Butoilandgas（汽油）fromboatsgetintothelake.Somorebadchemicalsgointothewaterthisway.PeopleinHartwellareworried.Theylovetheirlakeandwanttosaveit.Willitbepossible?Acleanlakemusthavecleanrainwatergoingintoit.Cleanrainwaterispossibleonlyifpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchemicalsathomeandatwork.Theymustalsobemorecarefulaboutgasandoilandotherchemicalsontheground.Andtheymustn’tusemotorboatsanymoreonthelake.Allthesemaychangepeople’slives.OnlythencanLakePonkapogbeabeautiful,cleanlakeagain.56.Inthepast,thewaterinLakePonkapogwasmadecleanby________.A.birds B.rain C.forests D.fish57.Chemicalsfromhomesandbusinesses________.A.arealwaysclean B.canhelptheanimalsC.aregoodforthelake D.getintotherainwater58.Cleanerrainwaterwillmean________.A.moreboatsonthelake B.moredirtythingsinthelakeC.acleanerlake D.adirtierlake59.TosaveLakePonkapog,peopleneedto________.A.bemorecarefulaboutchemicals B.uselesswaterC.growfewerplantsinthegardens D.usemoremotorboatsonthelake60.Thepassageisabout________.A.boatsonLakePonkapog B.whythewaterisdirtyinLakePonkapogC.cleanrainwater D.dirtylakes【答案】56.C57.D58.C59.A60.BCElephantsarethelargestanimalsonland.Foralongtimetheyareveryhelpful.Theycarrybigtrees,takepeoplefromplacetoplace,andareevenusedinwars.Somepeoplethinkit’snoteasytohurtanelephantbecauseitsskinisthickandhard.Infact,that’swrong.Sometimes,aneedlecanalsobeverydangerousfortheelephant.Peoplesayelephantsareafraidofmice.Thisiswrong,too.Infact,elephantshaveverypooreyesight,sotheyusuallycannotseeamouseevenifonecomesveryclosetothem.Ifapersonhasagoodmemory,peoplewillsaythathehasanelephantmemory.However,uptonow,nostudyshowsthatelephantshaveabettermemorythananyotheranimal.Peoplealsobelievethatwhenitistimeforelephantstodie,theywillhidethemselvesinaso-called“elephantgraveyard”.Often,hunterstrytofindsuchplacestogetivories（象牙）,butfewpeoplereallyfindplaceslikethat.Infact,whenelephantsareoldorgetsick,theywillstayindeepandsecretcavesuntiltheygetbetterordie.56.Whatcan’telephantshelppeopledo?A.Carryheavytrees. B.Helppeoplebuildhouses.C.Carrypeopletodifferentplaces. D.Helppeoplefightinthewar.57.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutelephants?A.Elephantsareafraidofmice. B.Elephantshaveverypoormemory.C.Elephantscannotseeveryclearly. D.Elephantsnevergotocaves.58.Whatisthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“graveyard”?A.Aplaceforhidingdeadbodies. B.Aplaceforanimalstoplayin.C.Aplacewithyardsandflowers. D.Aplacewhereelephantsaresafe.59.Whatwillelephantsdowhentheygetsick?A.Theywillgotoseeadoctor.B.Theywillaskotheranimalsforhelp.C.Theywillaskhumansforhelp.D.Theywillstayindeepcavesthemselves.60.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Elephantsareman’sbestfriends.B.Differentcountrieshavedifferentelephants.C.Elephantsaretheworld’sbiggestanimalsonland.D.Someofourideasaboutelephantsarenotcorrect.【答案】56.B57.C58.A59.D60.DCWalkingIfyouwanttogethealthyorstayhealthy,thereisoneeasyactivityforyou-walking.Youmaythinkthatsimplytakingawalkisnotenoughtomakeabigdifference.Youmaythinkthatyouneedtodosomethinglikerunningtostayhealthy.Well,anewstudysaysthatisnottrue.Itfindsoutthatwalkingmaybeasgoodforusasrunning.Runningisahigh-impact（高強(qiáng)度的）activityandcanbehardonthebody.So,manypeoplecannotrun.Walkingseemstohavealloftheadvantagesandnoneofthedisadvantagesofrunning.DrRussellPateisaprofessorofexercisescienceattheArnoldSchoolofPublicHealthattheUniversityofSouthCarolina.Hesays,“Walkingisoneoftheeasiestandsafestexercisesapersoncando.Youdonotneedtolearnalottogetresults.”Walkingneedsnospecialskillsorequipment.Youcandoitanywhere.Itfitseasilyintoyourdailyschedule(日程表).Youcanwalkatwork.Youcanwalkifyouwanttogoshopping.Youcantakethestairsinsteadofthelift.Walkingisagreatexerciseforbeginners.Ifyouareoutofshapeorgettingbackintoshapeafteranillnessoraccident,walkingisperfect.Youcandoalittleatatime,orasweliketosay,takebabysteps.56.Ifyouwanttogethealthyorstayhealthy,oneeasyactivityforyouis_________.A.swimming B.walking C.skating D.shopping57.Anewstudyshows__________.A.runningisbetterthanwalking B.walkingisthebestwayofexercisingC.walkingisasgoodasrunning D.walkingandrunningarenotgoodenough58.WhydoesDrRussellPatesaywalkingisoneoftheeasiestandsafestexercisespersoncando?A.Becausewalkingisahigh-impactactivityandcanbeeasyonthebody.B.Becausewalkingneedsskills.C.Becauserunninghasmoreadvantagesthanwalking.D.Becausewalkingneedsnospecialskillsorequipment,andwecandoitanywhere.59.Whatisthesixthparagraphtalkingabout?A.Theadvantagesofwalking B.TheresultsofwalkingC.Theimpactofwalking D.Thedisadvantagesofwalking60.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.TotellpeoplethatwalkingisawasteoftimeB.Totellpeoplet