Unit 7 課時(shí)5 Section B3a-SelfCheck【教案】（核心提要+精講專(zhuān)練） 人教版 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)教材講義

Unit7What’sthehighestmountainintheworld？課時(shí)5SectionB（3a-SelfCheck)Learningaims:1.Tolearnaboutwhalesandwhytheyneedtobeprotected2.Topracticetheuseofthecomparativesandsuperlativesofadjectives重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)(一)數(shù)據(jù)描述類(lèi)短語(yǔ)1.550米深_____________________ 2.8,844米高_(dá)____________________3.2,400公里長(zhǎng)_____________________ 4.960萬(wàn)平方公里_____________________5.10千克_____________________ 6.300年歷史_____________________(二)含最高級(jí)的短語(yǔ)1.最長(zhǎng)/短的河流_____________________ 2.最大/小的沙漠_____________________3.最重/輕的熊貓_____________________ 4.最多/少的竹子_____________________5.最危險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)_____________________ 6.最普遍的問(wèn)題_____________________7.最著名的部分_____________________ 8.最深的咸水湖_____________________9.最高的山脈_____________________ 10.最多的人口_____________________(三)其他短語(yǔ)1.每?jī)赡阓____________________ 2.……的重要性_____________________3.瀕危動(dòng)物_____________________ 4.就我所知_____________________5.水污染_____________________ 6.主要的原因之一______________________7.長(zhǎng)城之旅_____________________ 8.登山_____________________9.出生時(shí)_____________________10.到達(dá)(某數(shù)量、程度等)；至多有；不多于_____________________11.絆倒_____________________ 12.大約_____________________答案：一、詞匯積累(一)1.550metersdeep 2.8,844metershigh 3.2,400kilometerslong4.9,600,000squarekilometers5.10kilos 6.300yearsofhistory(二)1.thelongest/shortestriver2.thelargest/smallestdesert3.theheaviest/lightestpanda4.themost/leastbamboo5.themostdangeroussport6.themostpopularquestion7.themostfamouspart8.thedeepestsaltlake9.thehighestmountain10.thebiggestpopulation(三)1.everytwoyears 2.theimportanceof... 3.endangeredanimals4.asfarasIknow 5.waterpollution 6.oneofthemainreasons7.GreatWallTour 8.mountainclimbing 9.atbirth10.upto 11.fallover12.orso（一）形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)1.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)的變化規(guī)則（1）規(guī)則變化情況規(guī)則例詞一般情況直接加-es/-esttall→taller→tallest以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞加-r/-stnice→nicer→nicest以＂輔音字母+y＂結(jié)尾的詞變y為i，再加-er/-estdry→drier→driestheavy→heavier→heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞先雙寫(xiě)輔音字母，再加-er/-estthin→thinner→thinnest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加more/mostdelicious→moredelicious→mostdelicious（2）不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good,wellbetterbestbad,illworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest2.形容詞/副詞原級(jí)的用法（1）用于＂as...as...＂結(jié)構(gòu)中，否定形式為notas/so...as...。Thispictureisnotsogoodasthatone.這幅畫(huà)不如那幅好。LiHua’sshoesareas________asZhangHui’s.A.cheap B.cheaper C.thecheapest（2）表示＂A是B的……倍＂時(shí)，用A＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)＋asB。Ourschoolistwiceaslargeastheirs.我們學(xué)校是他們學(xué)校的兩倍大。（3）修飾形容詞原級(jí)的詞：very，too，so，enough等。Thegirlissobeautiful.這個(gè)女孩是如此的漂亮。3.形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)的用法（1）A＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋比較級(jí)＋thanB...A比B……Mybikeismorebeautifulthanhers.我的自行車(chē)比她的好看。Peteris15yearsold.Heis_________thanhisfather.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest【答案】B【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。由句中的than可知本空應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。（2）Which/Who＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋比較級(jí)，AorB?Whorunsfaster,JimorTom?誰(shuí)跑得更快，吉姆還是湯姆？—Whichseasondoyoulike__________inPanzhihua,thedryseasonorrainyseason?—Therainyseason.A.wellB.betterC.bestD.thebest【答案】B（3）表示＂越來(lái)越……＂時(shí)用比較級(jí)的重疊結(jié)構(gòu)，即＂比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)＂，多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞用＂moreandmore＋原級(jí)＂。It’sbecomingcolderandcolder.天氣變得越來(lái)越冷了。Theproblemisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.問(wèn)題變得越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重了?！猂oyneverlikesjunkfood.—NeitherdoI.That’sprobablywhyI’mbecoming_______now.A.healthyandweak B.healthierandhealthierC.weakerandweaker D.moreandmorehealthily【答案】B（4）表示＂越……就越……＂時(shí)用＂the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)＂。Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越細(xì)心，犯的錯(cuò)就會(huì)越少。Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,the__________itisfortheirfuture.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best【答案】C【解析】本題用固定句式法。句意：孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，對(duì)他們的未來(lái)就越好。固定句式the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...表示＂越……，就越……＂。（5）表示＂兩者之間比較……的一個(gè)＂時(shí)常用＂the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo＂。Heisthethinnerofthetwo.他是兩個(gè)中較瘦的那一個(gè)。Ofthetwoshirts,I’dliketochoosethe__________onetosavesomemoneyforacap.A.cheapestB.cheaperC.moreexpensiveD.mostexpensive【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)句中＂Ofthetwoshirts＂可知本句是兩者之間的比較，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。句意＂兩件襯衫中，我想要選較便宜的那件，省下來(lái)的錢(qián)買(mǎi)一頂帽子。＂（6）修飾比較級(jí)的詞和短語(yǔ)有alittle，abit，alot，much，far，even等。YouarealittlethinnerthanJim.你比吉姆瘦點(diǎn)兒。Theboxwas_______thanIhadexpected.IwasoutofbreathwhenIgothome.A.moreheavier B.muchheavierC.littleheavierD.veryheavier【答案】B4.形容詞/副詞最高級(jí)用法（1）三者或三者以上比較用最高級(jí)，形容詞最高級(jí)前加the，副詞可不加。句末常跟in/of短語(yǔ)表示范圍。Tomisthecleverestinhisclass.湯姆是他班里最聰明的。Herunsfastestintheclass.在這個(gè)班里他跑得最快?！狶ilyhastwosisters,doesn’tshe?—Yes.She’stallerandolderthanhertwosisters,butshe’snot_________oneofthethree.A.thetallestB.youngestC.shortestD.thecleverest【答案】D【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。由句中ofthethree可知本空應(yīng)用形容詞的最高級(jí)形式。形容詞的最高級(jí)形式通常在前面加the，首先可排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；由＂她比她的兩個(gè)姐妹高且年長(zhǎng)＂可知她是三個(gè)人當(dāng)中最高的，又可排除A項(xiàng)，故選D。（2）Which/Who＋謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞＋the＋形容詞/副詞最高級(jí)，A，BorC?Whoisthetallest,Tom,KateorBill?誰(shuí)是最高的，湯姆、凱特還是比爾？—Whichcityis_________________beautiful,Hangzhou,BeijingorShanghai?—Hangzhou,Ithink.A.themostB.thebetterC.more【答案】A【解析】本題用語(yǔ)法判定法。由問(wèn)句可知是在三個(gè)城市之間比較，知要用最高級(jí)形式。故選A。（3）表示＂最……的……之一＂時(shí)用oneof＋the＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞。MissXuisoneofthemostpopularteachersinourschool.徐老師是我們學(xué)校最受歡迎的老師之一。Thistempleisoneof_________________buildingsinthetown.Wemusttakeactiontoprotectit.A.oldB.olderC.oldestD.theoldest【答案】D（4）表示＂第幾最……＂時(shí)，可在最高級(jí)前加序數(shù)詞。TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國(guó)的第二長(zhǎng)河。【注意】有些形容詞，如dead，empty，round，sure，woolen等受本身含義的限制，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)。（二）基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞(1)1—10one,two,three,...ten(2)11—20eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,...twenty(3)21—99twenty-one,...ninety-nine(4)百位數(shù)101——onehundredandone注意百位與十位間加and(5)千位數(shù)以上從數(shù)字的右端往左數(shù)，每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)＂，＂，從右開(kāi)始第一個(gè)前面的數(shù)字加thousand，第二個(gè)逗號(hào)前的數(shù)字加million，第三個(gè)逗號(hào)前的數(shù)字加billion，然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示。2,648——twothousandsixhundredandforty-eight16,250,164——sixteenmilliontwohundredandfiftythousandonehundredandsixty-four5,237,166,234——fivebilliontwohundredandthirty-sevenmilliononehundredandsixty-sixthousandandtwohundredandthirty-four表示＂數(shù)以百計(jì)＂用hundredsof；＂成千上萬(wàn)＂用thousandsof；＂數(shù)百萬(wàn)＂用millionsof；＂數(shù)十億＂用billionsof，且它們前面不可加任何具體的數(shù)詞。也就是說(shuō)當(dāng)hundred，thousand，million，billion前有具體的數(shù)詞時(shí)，其后不能加-s；但當(dāng)hundred，thousand，million，billion與of連用時(shí)，則用其復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示不確定的數(shù)目，其前不能有具體的數(shù)詞。Therearehundredsofforeignstudentsintheirschool.他們學(xué)校有數(shù)百名外國(guó)學(xué)生。Sixhundredbooksweresenttothechildren.六百本書(shū)被郵寄給了孩子們。學(xué)@科網(wǎng)巧記hundred，thousand，million的用法：模糊數(shù)目?jī)捎校ㄓ衧，有of），具體數(shù)目?jī)蔁o(wú)（無(wú)s，無(wú)of）。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Qomolangmaisabout8844.43meters________.It’sthehighestmountainintheworld.A．long B．wide C．high D．deep【答案】C【詳解】句意：珠穆朗瑪峰高8844.43米。它是世界上最高的山。考查形容詞辨析。long長(zhǎng)的；wide寬的；high高的；deep深的。根據(jù)“It’sthehighestmountainintheworld.”可知此處介紹珠穆朗瑪峰的高度。故選C。2．Thefansshoutedwith_________whentheysawthefamoussinger.A．exciting B．excite C．excited D．excitement【答案】D【詳解】句意：當(dāng)粉絲看到著名的歌手時(shí)興奮地大喊。考查單詞辨析。exciting令人興奮的；excite使興奮；excited興奮的；excitement興奮。withexcitement“興奮地”，修飾動(dòng)詞shout“喊”，符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。3．Ifmorepeoplegotoworkbybus,therewillbe________airpollution.A．fewer B．less C．fewest D．least【答案】B【詳解】句意：如果更多的人坐公交車(chē)去上班，空氣污染將會(huì)減少?？疾樾稳菰~的比較級(jí)。fewer更少；less更少；fewest最少的；least最少的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)“Ifmorepeoplegotoworkbybus,therewillbe...airpollution.”可知，此處有比較的含義。故要填形容詞的比較級(jí)；“airpollution”是不可數(shù)名詞，要用little修飾，little的比較級(jí)形式是less，故選B。4．Ithinktherewillbe_______airpollutionwhenthereare________peopledriving.A．less,less B．less,fewer C．fewer,less【答案】B【詳解】句意：我認(rèn)為開(kāi)車(chē)的人越少，空氣污染就會(huì)越少。考查比較級(jí)。less修飾不可數(shù)名詞；fewer修飾可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，開(kāi)車(chē)的人越少，污染越少，pollution是不可數(shù)名詞，第一空l(shuí)ess符合句意；people是復(fù)數(shù)，第二空f(shuō)ewer符合句意。故選B。5．________studentseatlunchatschooleveryweekday.A．Hundredsof B．Hundreds C．Twohundredof【答案】A【詳解】句意：每個(gè)工作日有上百個(gè)學(xué)生在校吃午餐?？疾閿?shù)詞。短語(yǔ)hundredsof表示“上百的”，是固定搭配，其后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。二、用所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空6．It’seven________(importance)foreachfamilytohavehappychildrenthansuccessfulchildren.【答案】moreimportant【詳解】句意：對(duì)于每個(gè)家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，擁有幸福的孩子比成功的孩子更重要。根據(jù)“It’seven...foreachfamilytohavehappychildrenthansuccessfulchildren.”和提示詞匯可知，固定句型It’s+adj+forsb+todosth表示“做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的”，空處需填形容詞，作表語(yǔ)；even修飾形容詞比較級(jí)，形容詞important“重要的”為雙音節(jié)詞，前面需加more變?yōu)楸容^級(jí)。故填moreimportant。7．It’sthe________(ugly)cityIhaveeverseeninthisbeautifulcountry.【答案】ugliest【詳解】句意：這是我在這個(gè)美麗的國(guó)家見(jiàn)過(guò)的最丑的城市。根據(jù)“Ihaveeverseen”可知，不止一座城市，三者/三者以上比較，用ugly的最高級(jí)ugliest“最丑的”。故填ugliest。8．Sallythinksnewsis________(education)thancomedies.【答案】moreeducational【詳解】句意：薩利認(rèn)為新聞比喜劇更有教育性。education是名詞，意為“教育”，句中than“比”提示用形容詞的比較級(jí)，education的形容詞性是為educational“有教育意義的”，其比較級(jí)為moreeducational。故填moreeducational。9．Thisisthe________(good)CDIhaveevergot.Wheredidyoubuyit?【答案】best【詳解】句意：這是我得到的最好的CD。你在哪里買(mǎi)的？good“好的”，是形容詞，由空前the可知，這里是最高級(jí)，且句子中有be動(dòng)詞is，所以是形容詞的最高級(jí)。故填best。10．Ofallthesubjects,Englishis________(interesting)forme.【答案】themostinteresting【詳解】句意：在所有的科目中，英語(yǔ)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是最有趣的。根據(jù)“Ofallthesubjects”可知，比較范圍為三者及以上，用最高級(jí)，interesting最高級(jí)為mostinteresting，最高級(jí)要加the。故填themostinteresting。完形填空WhereverPaulHortongoes,hissix-year-olddogYogiwalkscloselybehindhim.Theyhavealwaysbeenbestfriends.OneOctobermorning,Hortonwas____11____hisbikeintheneighborhood.Yogiran____12____besidehismaster(主人).Yogihaddoneiteverymorningfornearlythreeyears.____13____theycametoatallstoneedge(邊緣),Hortonwantedtojumpdownfromhisbike.ButthewheelhitthestoneandHortonfelldown____14____.AsHortontriedtorise,he____15____thesituationwasverybad.Hecouldn’tfeelhislegs.WhenHortonwas____16____ontheground,Yogiwasbyhissidenervously.Hortonsaid,“Gohome,Yogi.Goandget____17____tohelp.”Hortonsaidthewordsslowly,againandagain.____18____,Yogirefusedtoleave.ButHortoncontinuedaskingYogitogo.Finally,thedog____19____.Thatmorning,BruceTateandMaggieTate,twoofHorton’sneighbors,weretakingawalk.WhentheysawYogirunningdownthestreetalone,theythoughtitwasvery____20____.Thedogneverdidthatbefore.Sotheydecidedto____21____Yogitoseewhathappened.Thewaitwasagony(痛苦)forHorton.WhenheheardthesoundofYogi,he____22____hiseyesandsawtheTates.TheyweresurprisedatHorton’sconditionandtheysenthimtothehospitalquickly.____23____hehastomoveinawheelchair(輪椅)now,Hortonfeelsbetter.HortonsaysthatYogiandhearemuchcloserafterthe____24____.“I’mverythankfultoYogi.Heplayedavery____25____roleinsavingmylife.He’smywatchdogandmyhero,”Hortonsays.11．A．carrying B．repairing C．making D．riding12．A．finally B．suddenly C．happily D．seriously13．A．When B．Which C．Where D．What14．A．happily B．heavily C．recently D．carefully15．A．wondered B．explained C．caused D．realized16．A．sleeping B．training C．lying D．relaxing17．A．everyone B．someone C．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing18．A．Atfirst B．Atmost C．Atleast D．Atlast19．A．dieddown B．tookdown C．ranaway D．gaveaway20．A．proper B．normal C．typical D．strange21．A．push B．follow C．beat D．sell22．A．opened B．chose C．became D．minded23．A．However B．Unless C．Though D．Because24．A．storm B．report C．party D．a(chǎn)ccident25．A．traditional B．important C．famous D．dangerous【答案】11．D

12．C

13．A

14．B

15．D

16．C

17．B

18．A

19．C

20．D

21．B

22．A

23．C

24．D

25．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了小狗Yogi在主人Horton騎車(chē)摔倒受傷后幫助救助主人的感人故事。11．句意：十月份的一個(gè)上午，Horton正在小區(qū)里騎著自行車(chē)。carrying拿；repairing修理；making制造；riding騎。根據(jù)“hisbikeintheneighborhood.Yogiran”可知，他在小區(qū)里騎自行車(chē)。故選D。12．句意：他在主人旁邊歡快地跑著。finally最后；suddenly突然；happily開(kāi)心地；seriously認(rèn)真地。根據(jù)“Yogiran…besidehismaster”可知，主人騎著自行車(chē)，它應(yīng)是快樂(lè)地在他的旁邊跑著。故選C。13．句意：當(dāng)他們來(lái)到一塊高高的石頭邊緣時(shí)，Horton想從自行車(chē)上跳下來(lái)。When當(dāng)……時(shí)；Which哪一個(gè)；Where哪里；What什么。根據(jù)“theycametoatallstoneedge”可知是指當(dāng)他們來(lái)到一塊高高的石頭邊緣的時(shí)候。應(yīng)用when來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故選A。14．句意：但是車(chē)輪撞到了石頭，Horton重重地摔倒了。happily開(kāi)心地；heavily重重地；recently最近；carefully仔細(xì)地。根據(jù)“ButthewheelhitthestoneandHortonfelldown”可知應(yīng)是重重地摔倒了。故選B。15．句意：當(dāng)Horton試圖爬起來(lái)時(shí)，他意識(shí)到情況非常糟糕。wondered想知道；explained解釋?zhuān)籧aused引起；realized意識(shí)到。根據(jù)“Hecouldn’tfeelhislegs.”可知，他感覺(jué)不到自己的腿了，說(shuō)明他意識(shí)到情況很糟糕。故選D。16．句意：當(dāng)Horton躺在地上的時(shí)候，Yogi不安地陪在他的身邊。sleeping睡覺(jué)；training訓(xùn)練；lying躺；relaxing放松。根據(jù)“WhenHortonwas…ontheground”可知，Horton受傷后應(yīng)是躺在地上。故選C。17．句意：去找人來(lái)幫忙。everyone每個(gè)人；someone某人；anything任何事；nothing沒(méi)有什么。根據(jù)“Goandget…tohelp.”可知，去找人幫忙，沒(méi)有指定具體哪一個(gè)人，用someone來(lái)表示。故選B。18．句意：剛開(kāi)始，Yogi拒絕離開(kāi)。Atfirst最初；Atmost最多；Atleast至少；Atlast最后。根據(jù)“Yogirefusedtoleave.ButHortoncontinuedaskingYogitogo.Finally,”可知，Yogi拒絕離開(kāi)應(yīng)是指最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候。故選A。19．句意：最后，狗跑走了。dieddown逐漸平息；tookdown取下；ranaway跑走；gaveaway贈(zèng)送。根據(jù)“Finally”可知最后狗跑走了。故選C。20．句意：當(dāng)他們看到Y(jié)ogi獨(dú)自在街上跑的時(shí)候，他們感到很奇怪。proper適當(dāng)?shù)?；normal正常的；typical典型的；strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“Thedogneverdidthatbefore.”可知，這狗以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有這樣做過(guò)。說(shuō)明此時(shí)看到Y(jié)ogi獨(dú)自跑在街上，他們感到很奇怪。故選D。21．句意：因此，他們決定跟著Yogi去看發(fā)生了什么事。push推；follow跟隨；beat擊?。籹ell賣(mài)。根據(jù)“toseewhathappened”可知去看發(fā)生了什么事應(yīng)該是要跟著Yogi的。故選B。22．句意：當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到了Yogi的聲音時(shí)，他睜開(kāi)了眼睛，看到了Tate一家。opened打開(kāi)；chose選擇；became成為；minded介意。根據(jù)“sawtheTates”可知他看到了Tate一家，由此可知他應(yīng)該是睜開(kāi)了眼睛。故選A。23．句意：雖然Horton現(xiàn)在得坐輪椅了，但他感覺(jué)好多了。However然而；Unless除非；Though雖然；Because因?yàn)?。根?jù)“hehastomoveinawheelchair”可知雖然他得坐輪椅出行，但他感覺(jué)好多了，兩句是讓步關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故選C。24．句意：Horton說(shuō)，事故發(fā)生后，Yogi和他更親密了。storm暴風(fēng)雨；report報(bào)道；party宴會(huì)；accident事故。結(jié)合上文可知，Horton騎車(chē)摔倒受傷，是一場(chǎng)事故。故選D。25．句意：他在拯救我的生命中扮演了非常重要的角色。traditional傳統(tǒng)的；important重要的；famous著名的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)上文可知在Horton受傷后，Yogi找人幫忙救助，可知它在其中扮演了非常重要的角色。故選B。閱讀理解AAllaboard!Let’stakearideontheworld’shighestrailway—theQinghai-TibetRailway（青藏鐵路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthisbeautifulland.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,let’slearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It’strulyoneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld’shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld’shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthelongesttunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（凍土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenwhichweareusedtobreathing.Butdon’tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogetapersonaloxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedinplanes.Hereareafewmorethingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.Finally,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生態(tài)環(huán)境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoTibetisleavinginfifteenminutes.26．Wherearethepassengers?A．Onabus. B．Onatrain. C．Onaship. D．Onaplane.27．Howdoesthetextshowtherailwayisamazinginparagraph3?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byusingadesigner’swords.C．Byintroducingitsworldrecords. D．Bycomparingthepresentwiththepast.28．Howmanyoxygensystemsarethereineachrailcar?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.29．Whichofthefollowingincreasedthedifficultyofbuildingtherailway?A．Thechangingground. B．Thepollutedair. C．Thedangerousanimals. D．Thehotweather.【答案】26．B

27．C

28．B

29．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了21世紀(jì)偉大的工程奇跡之一——青藏鐵路。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina”可知，乘客現(xiàn)在在火車(chē)站，故選B。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords”以及“Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First...,Second,...Finally...”可知，第三段是通過(guò)介紹它的世界紀(jì)錄來(lái)展示它的驚人之處的，故選C。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems”可知，每節(jié)車(chē)廂都有兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的氧氣系統(tǒng)，故選B。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen”可知，高海拔使任務(wù)變得困難，因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的氧氣，故選A。BQomolangmaisthethirdmountainoftheHimalayas,soitiscalledtheThirdGodMountaininTibetanlanguage.Qomolangmaisveryfamousanditishigherthananyothermountainintheworld.Itsnewestheightis8,848.86meters,whichwasannouncedonDecember8th,2020.Attheheightof8,000meters,thereisonly30%O2andthehumanbodycanonlystandthisheightforafewdays,soitisdangerousforhumanstoclimbhigher.Butmanyclimberswanttochallengethemselvesinthefaceofdifficulties.AsAlanArnette,amountainclimberfromAmerica,said“Climbingmountainsdrivesyoutolookdeepinsideyourself,andletsyoufindoutwhetheryouarehealthyenoughandstrongenoughinmindwhenyouwanttostop.”It’sagoodthingthatQomolangmagivespeopleachancetobecomestrong-willed(意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的)whentryingtoachievetheirdreams.▲becausemanypeopleleavetheirwastebehind,suchaswaterbottlesandplasticbags.TheycausetheenvironmentalpollutionforQomolangma.Manylocalfarmerssaidtheirsheepandcowswoulddieaftereatingtheplasticbagsanditwastoodifficulttocleanthemup.Luckily,manyvolunteersfromallovertheworldcametoQomolangmatojoinintheclean-upactivity.Avolunteeradvised,“WhenclimbingQomolangma,mountainclimbingloversshouldalwaystakegoodcareofthemselves,andatthesametime,takegoodcareofQomolangma.”30．What’sthenewestheightofQomolangma?A．8,000meters. B．8,844.43meters. C．8,848.86meters. D．8,848.84meters.31．AccordingtoAlan’swords,________toclimbmountains.A．youhadbetterforget B．youwillbeingreatdangerC．youneedtobehealthyenough D．you’llknowbetteraboutyourself32．Whichcanbethebestsentencefor▲?A．However,theseyears,QomolangmaisindangerB．ClimbersareeasytofalldownonthemountainC．ItisveryhardtotakeinairasyougetnearthetopD．Butitshowsthathumanscansometimesbestronger33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”refertoinParagraph3?A．Localfarmers. B．Cowsandsheep. C．Plasticbags. D．Waterbottles.34．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Qomolangma. B．Climbers. C．Himalayas. D．TibetanLanguage.【答案】30．C

31．D

32．A

33．C

34．A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了珠穆朗瑪峰，并告訴我們要照顧好珠穆朗瑪峰。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文“Itsnewestheightis8,848.86meters,whichwasannouncedonDecember8th,2020”可知,珠穆朗瑪峰的最新高度是8848.86米。故選C。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AsAlanArnette,amountainclimberfromAmerica,said“Climbingmountainsdrivesyoutolookdeepinsideyourself,andletsyoufindoutwhetheryouarehealthyenoughandstrongenoughinmindwhenyouwanttostop.””可知，爬山會(huì)讓你更了解自己。故選D。32．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“becausemanypeopleleavetheirwastebehind,suchaswaterbottlesandplasticbags”可知，此處在講這些年來(lái)，珠穆朗瑪峰正處于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選A。33．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文“TheycausetheenvironmentalpollutionforQomolangma.Manylocalfarmerssaidtheirsheepandcowswoulddieaftereatingtheplasticbagsanditwastoodifficulttocleanthemup”可知，此處“them”指的是“塑料袋”。故選C。34．主旨大意題。根據(jù)原文“Qomolangmaist