山東省濱州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題

濱州市20222023學(xué)年下學(xué)期高二英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toacafé.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.5.WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至7題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?A.Byhisworkingexperiences.B.Byhismunicationskills.C.Byhisinternationalbackground.10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?A.Startanewposition.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Attendameeting.12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?A.Movingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Reviewanexpensereport.BProvidethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeapanycelebration.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?A.It'sprivate.B.It'sfamilyfriendly.C.It'srequestedbythecharity.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.OrganizesomeactivitiesB.Contributesomemoney.C.Contactsomebands.17.Whatistheevent'spurpose?A.Tohearsomelivemusic.B.Tohelpananimalshelter.C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至20題。18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.B.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.C.ShewasinspiredbyherArabiclecturer.19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.B.Findingahotelandacmodation.C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?A.Beinginvitedtoameal.B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWeletoTampere,thesecondmetropolis(大都市)inFinland.Youcanfreelychoosefromthebesthotelsinthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.HotelliVilleHotelliVilleisaselfservicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.Villeissuitableforbusinesstravelersandanyonetravelingaloneorinsmallgroups.HotelliVilleofferswellequippedrooms.HotelVillatreatsgueststothesimplepleasuresoflife,eachroomhavingitsownTV,microwaveoven,minifridge,coffeemakerandelectrickettle.€75foronenight.GrandHotelTammerEnjoyneoclassicalelegancehere!Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunningacmodationbytheTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,withinwalkingdistanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.You'llfindpublictransportationoptionslessthanakilometerfromthehotel,andTamperePirkkalaAirportisjusta15minutedriveaway.€99foronenightScandicTampereStationIt'samodernandtrendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaandalovingsummerterrace.Wealsoofferaprivatecarparkwith53spaces,aswellasfreewirelessInternetthroughoutthewholehotel.Freebreakfastisoffered.€128foronenight.OriginalSokosHotelVillaThepletelyrenovatedandairconditionedSokosHotelVillaisamodern6storeyhotellocatedinanoldgrainstorageontheTullintorisquare.Arenovationhasbroughtapletelynewdesignforthehotel’srooms,lobbyandbar,aswellasrenewedbathroomsandelectrics.Villaisasmallhotelwithbigservices.eandrelaxinthelovelyOriginalSokosHotelVilla!€132foronenight.1.WhatconveniencecanyoufindinbothHotelliVilleandScandicTampereStation?A.FreeInternetaccess. B.Stunningacmodation.C.Breakfastwithoutextrapay. D.Privilegedlocationinthecitycenter.2.Whichcanyouchooseifyouwantahotelwithabeautifulnaturalview?A.HotelliVille. B.GrandHotelTammer.C.ScandicTampereStation. D.OriginalSokosHotelVilla.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toguide. B.Todescribe.C.Topare. D.Toadvertise.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了芬蘭的第二大大都市坦佩雷最受歡迎的四個(gè)酒店?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotelliVille中的“HotelliVilleisaselfservicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.(HotelliVille是一家自助酒店位于坦佩雷的中心。)”以及ScandicTampereStation“It'samodernandtrendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaandalovingsummerterrace.(坦佩雷火車站這是一家現(xiàn)代時(shí)尚的城市酒店，位于坦佩雷市中心，擁有輕松時(shí)尚的酒吧、健身房、桑拿浴室和可愛的夏季露臺。)”可知，在hoteltelliVille和坦佩雷站方便之處是位于市中心的優(yōu)越位置。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandHotelTammer中的“Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunningacmodationbytheTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,withinwalkingdistanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.(它坐落在兩個(gè)湖泊之間，在塔默科斯基急流旁提供令人驚嘆的住宿。建于1929年，這家精品酒店站在歷史悠久的河邊地區(qū)，步行距離內(nèi)的幾個(gè)博物館和市場廣場。)”可知，如果你想要一個(gè)擁有美麗自然景觀的酒店，你可以選擇GrandHotelTammer，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WeletoTampere,thesecondmetropolis(大都市)inFinland.Youcanfreelychoosefromthebesthotelsinthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.(歡迎來到坦佩雷，芬蘭的第二大大都市。您可以在我們的網(wǎng)站上自由選擇本市最好、最受歡迎的酒店。)”可知，本文的寫作目的是為了給四個(gè)酒店做廣告。故選D。BOneevening,RachelLapierreboughta$4scratchticketwhilepickingupgroceries.Afteranexhaustingday,sheneededsomethingtoliftherspirits.The46yearoldmotheroffourwaswearingherselfthinasanearlyfulltimeemergencyroomnurseandparttimevolunteeraidworker.Shelongedtobeabletoonedayquitnursingjobandfocusonthevolunteerworkshefoundmostfulfilling.Shevowedtoherselfthatifsheeverwonthelotterythat’swhatshewoulddo.Lapierrewenthomeandscratchedherticket,revealingthreesunnyfaces.Thenextday,theLotoQuebecofficeinformedherthatshehadwonalumpsumof$675,000or$1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter.“Iknowmyself,”shesaid.“Thelumpsumwouldhavemeltedlikesnowinthesun.”Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebeearegisteredcharityLeBook,asLapierre,now62,affectionatelycallsit,beganasasimplelistofgooddeeds.Toher,thedeedswerejustsmallactsofkindness—buyingclothesforafamilyofnewlyarrivedimmigrants,deliveringamealtoanisolatedseniororgivingmedicalattentiontosomeonelivingonthestreets.“LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,”saysMartyne,52.TheformerspecialeducationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletoworksincegettingsickinMarch2020.MartyneisnowonLeBook’sfooddeliveryroute.“Withcourtesyandnojudgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatweneed,”shesays.“Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect,”saysLapierre.“Onegooddeedcanaffect10people.Soifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.”4.WhydidLapierrechoose$1,000aweekforlifeinsteadofalumpsum?A.Alumpsumwaslikelytovanishlikesnow.B.Shewantedtomakebetteruseofthemoney.C.Shehadnoideahowtospendalargefortune.D.Shewasafraidthemoneywouldbeeasilystolen.5.WhyisthestoryofMartynementioned?A.ToexplainhowLeBookworks.B.ToshowLeBook’sgreatinfluence.C.Totellpeoplehermiserableexperience.D.ToappealtomorepeopletojoinLeBook.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLapierre?A.Generousandkindhearted. B.mittedandcourageous.C.Determinedandhumble. D.Energeticandcreative.7.WhatcanbeinferredfromLapierre’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Manyhandsmakelightwork. B.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother. D.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了刮刮彩票中獎(jiǎng)的拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她的項(xiàng)目“LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，她認(rèn)為一件好事可以影響十個(gè)人。如果我們都做一件好事就可以拯救世界。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenextday,theLotoQuebecofficeinformedherthatshehadwonalumpsumof1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter.“Iknowmyself,”shesaid.“Thelumpsumwouldhavemeltedlikesnowinthesun.”(第二天，樂透魁北克辦事處通知她，她贏得了67.5萬美元的一次性獎(jiǎng)金，即終身每周1000美元。她選擇了后者?！拔伊私馕易约海彼f?！罢P錢會像陽光下的雪一樣融化。”)”和第四段“Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebeearegisteredcharity(拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她的熱情項(xiàng)目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，該項(xiàng)目已成為一家注冊慈善機(jī)構(gòu))”推知，拉皮埃爾選擇每周1000美元而不是一次性支付是因?yàn)樗敫玫乩眠@筆錢。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,”saysMartyne,52.TheformerspecialeducationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletoworksincegettingsickinMarch2020.MartyneisnowonLeBook’sfooddeliveryroute.“Withcourtesyandnojudgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatweneed,”shesays.(“LeBook對我和許多弱勢群體產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，”52歲的馬蒂娜說。這位前特殊教育技術(shù)人員長期感染新冠病毒，自2020年3月生病以來一直無法工作。馬蒂娜現(xiàn)在在LeBook的送餐路線上。她說:“LeBook禮貌而不加評判地幫助我們得到了我們需要的東西?！?”可知，提到馬蒂娜的故事為了顯示這本書的巨大影響。故選B。6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebeearegisteredcharity（拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她的熱情項(xiàng)目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，該項(xiàng)目已成為一家注冊慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）”可知，拉皮埃爾慷慨善良。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect,’saysLapierre.‘Onegooddeedcanaffect10people.Soifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.’(“當(dāng)你做了一件好事，它會產(chǎn)生蝴蝶效應(yīng)，”拉皮埃爾說?！耙患檬驴梢杂绊懯畟€(gè)人。如果我們都做一件好事呢?這可以拯救世界。”)”可知，從拉皮埃爾話可推斷出：眾人拾柴火焰高。故選A。CAteenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,sheapproachesabed,crawlsin,closesthelidandfallsasleep.HerbodyisfrozenforatriptoaplanetseverallightyearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershewakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhileasleepiscalled“suspendedanimation”.Sceneslikethisarethestaplecontentofsciencefiction.Allofthesestorieshavesomethinginmon:Peopleenteranunconsciousstateinwhichtheycansurviveforalongtime.Nothinglikethisisyetpossibleintherealworld.Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:Theyhibernate.Thismightholdsomelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspaceflights.“Ithinkthisisrealistic,”saysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist.“Itwouldbedonebymakingourselvesassimilaraswecantoahibernator.”Asananimalhibernates,itchillsitsbodyandslowsitsheartrateandbreathing.Metabolism（新陳代謝）alsoslows.Todothis,ananimalmustturnonandoffcertaingeneswhentheyhibernate.Thosegenesdothingslikecontrollingwhetherananimalburnssugarsorfatsforfuel.Othergenesareinvolvedinkeepingmusclesstrong.Humanshavemanyofthesesamegenes.Turningsomeofthesegenesonoroffmightallowhumanstodosomethingsimilartohibernation.Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelowfreezing,itissuggestedthatpeoplemighthibernatelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeepbonesandmusclesstrong.Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.Hibernationcouldcuttheamountoffood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromtheinevitableboredomoflongtripsinspace.8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Totellreadersastory. B.Togiveadefinition.C.Tosharescientificknowledge. D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"inparagraph2referto?A.Humanhibernation. B.Livingforever.C.Boardingspaceships. D.Animals'suspendedanimation.10.What'sKatharineGrabek'sattitudetohumanhibernation?A.Doubtful. B.Critical.C.Positive. D.Dismissive.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerninghumanhibernation?A.Itscurrentproblems. B.Itsworkingmechanism.C.Itsbenefitsforastronauts. D.Itsappealtothescientists.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一些動(dòng)物和鳥類的冬眠可能會為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,sheapproachesabed,crawlsin,closesthelidandfallsasleep.HerbodyisfrozenforatriptoaplanetseverallightyearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershewakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhileasleepiscalled‘suspendedanimation’.（一名青少年加入了登上宇宙飛船的隊(duì)伍。一上船，她就走近一張床，爬進(jìn)去，蓋上蓋子睡著了。她的身體被冷凍起來，準(zhǔn)備前往距離地球幾光年的星球。幾年后，她醒了過來，還是老樣子。這種在睡眠中讓生命暫停的能力被稱為“假死”。）”可知，第一段通過講述一個(gè)例子來引出文章的主題：未來的宇航員可以進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:Theyhibernate.Thismightholdsomelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspaceflights.（但是一些動(dòng)物和鳥類有它們自己的假死形式：它們冬眠。這可能會為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。）”可知，動(dòng)物的冬眠會為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，this指代人類冬眠。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘Ithinkthisisrealistic,’saysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist.‘Itwouldbedonebymakingourselvesassimilaraswecantoahibernator.’（“我認(rèn)為這是現(xiàn)實(shí)的，”著名生物學(xué)家凱瑟琳·格拉貝克說。“要做到這一點(diǎn)，我們就得把自己變得盡可能像冬眠動(dòng)物?！保笨芍?，凱瑟琳·格拉布克對人類冬眠的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelowfreezing,itissuggestedthatpeoplemighthibernatelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeepbonesandmusclesstrong.Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.Hibernationcouldcuttheamountoffood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromtheinevitableboredomoflongtripsinspace.（由于一個(gè)人可能無法在體溫低于冰點(diǎn)的情況下生存，所以有人建議人們像熊一樣冬眠。如果人們像熊一樣，冬眠可能有助于保持骨骼和肌肉強(qiáng)壯。這在太空中很重要。骨骼和肌肉在低重力下容易分解。冬眠可以減少蜜蜂所需的食物、水和氧氣的數(shù)量。它還可以使人們免于長途太空旅行不可避免的無聊。）”可知，最后一段主要談?wù)撽P(guān)于人類冬眠對宇航員的好處。故選C。DIfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.Thistale,whichbecameoneofthebestexamplesofselffulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfatherLaius,unconsciously(ormaybeconsciously?)demonstratedtheirfate.LiketheOedipustale,wemayhaveselfprophesiedourdestinyinseveralaspectsofourlives,whetherpositiveornegative.Forinstance,haveyoueverforeseensomethingthateventuallyhappenedtoyou?You’renotalone.Aselffulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson’sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtsetrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabeliefaboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyouractionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,theassumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencingtheirviewsaboutyou.Foralongtime,selffulfillingprophecieshavegrabbedtheattentionofsociologyandpsychologyresearchers,whowanttounderstandhowtheyimpacthumanbehavior.RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstratedauniquetypeofselffulfillingprophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.Theresearcherstoldteachersthatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe“growthspurts(快速成長)”groupbasedontheirIQtests.Later,theyretestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth“ordinary”and“growthspurts”students,discoveringthatthe“growthspurts”showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary”ones.ThePygmalioneffectshowsthatwhenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthoseexpectations.Thismayinfluencetheperson’sbehavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,beingaclassicexampleofaselffulfillingprophecy.Selffulfillingpropheciesaresodeeprootedinourpsychologyandsocialenvironmentthatweoftendon’tevennoticethattheycaninfluenceouractivitiesregularly,whetherathome,school,orwork.Whenusingselffulfillingpropheciestoachievegoals,it’sessentialtohaveapositiveoutlookandtofocusontheactionsyoucantaketobringaboutthedesiredoute.Believingthatyoucansucceedisanessentialpartofmakingithappen.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byquestioningatheory. B.Bymakingaparison.C.Bygivinganexample. D.Bycitingothers’ideas.13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaselffulfillingprophecy?A.Thosewhoarediligentaremorelikelytosucceed.B.Oneinsecureabouthisabilitytopasstheexamfailsatlast.C.Thelowerone’sexpectationsare,thelessdisappointedhewillbe.D.Agymnastputshermostimpressiveskillattheendoftheroutine.14.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph3focuson?A.Thewidegapbetweenstudents.B.HowIQtestsfunctioninone’sactions.C.Thedifferenceofpeople’sexpectations.D.Howothers'expectationsaffectone’sbehavior.15.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowisthePygmalioneffectappliedintoeducation?B.Selffulfillingprophecy:awellreceivedphilosophy.C.Howdoesaselffulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?D.Oedipustale:agoodexampleofselffulfillingprophecy.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述了自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言會定期影響我們的活動(dòng)，無論是在家里、學(xué)校還是工作中。當(dāng)使用自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言來實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時(shí)，有一個(gè)積極的前景和關(guān)注你可以采取的行動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期的結(jié)果是至關(guān)重要的。相信自己能成功是成功的關(guān)鍵?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.Thistale,whichbecameoneofthebestexamplesofselffulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfatherLaius,unconsciously(ormaybeconsciously?)demonstratedtheirfate.(如果你對希臘神話感興趣，你可能聽說過俄狄浦斯的故事。這個(gè)故事成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的最好例子之一，它展示了俄狄浦斯和他的父親拉伊俄斯是如何無意識地(或者可能是有意識地?)展示了他們的命運(yùn))”并結(jié)合下文對預(yù)言會影響我們的活動(dòng)，幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的介紹推知，作者通過舉例來介紹主題。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Aselffulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson’sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtsetrue.(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言是指一個(gè)人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意識或無意識的行為，使他們的想法成真)”可知，一個(gè)對自己能否通過考試沒有信心的人最終失敗了，這是一個(gè)自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的例子。故選B。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstratedauniquetypeofselffulfillingprophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.Theresearcherstoldteachersthatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe“growthspurts(快速成長)”groupbasedontheirIQtests.Later,theyretestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth“ordinary”and“growthspurts”students,discoveringthatthe“growthspurts”showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary”ones.ThePygmalioneffectshowsthatwhenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthoseexpectations.Thismayinfluencetheperson’sbehavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,beingaclassicexampleofaselffulfillingprophecy.((RobertRosenthal和(LenoreJacobson通過在教室里對兒童進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)，展示了一種獨(dú)特的自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言：皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)。研究人員告訴老師，他們的一些學(xué)生是“快速成長”的一部分。根據(jù)智商測試得出的結(jié)論后來，他們重新測試了這些學(xué)生，并收集了“普通”學(xué)生和“快速成長”學(xué)生的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)“快速成長”學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)要比“普通”學(xué)生好得多。皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)表明，當(dāng)你對別人產(chǎn)生期望時(shí)，你很可能會基于這些期望來對待他們。這可能會影響一個(gè)人的行為，他會根據(jù)這種期望行事，成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的典型例子)”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)關(guān)注的是別人的期望如何影響一個(gè)人的行為。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段“Aselffulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson’sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtsetrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabeliefaboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyouractionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,theassumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencingtheirviewsaboutyou.(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言是指一個(gè)人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意識或無意識的行為，使他們的想法成真。這就像一個(gè)循環(huán)。你對別人和你自己持有一種信念，這種信念會影響你對他們或你自己的行為。對其他人來說，這些假設(shè)會影響你對他們的行為，從而影響他們對你的看法)”可知，文章主要講述了自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言如何影響人們的生活。C項(xiàng)“Howdoesaselffulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?”符合最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theworkplacecanbeaperfectbreedinggroundfor“Misergonia”,alsocalleddeskrage(憤怒).It'saconditioninwhichaseriesofnoisesanddisorderscausepeopledistress.SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefirealarmtestisacaseinpoint.“Attentionplease,attentionplease,”shoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.____16____Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareofkeyboardthumperspeoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.____17____“Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade,”ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomakeapoint.Whynotjustsay"Idon'tvalueyourtime?"SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesouldestroying.Theprinterjustdoesn’twork.____18____Yourcursor(光標(biāo))isjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyourmousetowardsit,nothinghappens.“Eitheryourcursorisinaaorthebatteryhasrunout,”offersupacolleaguehelpfully.Someoneelsefillsthegap.“Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade.”theybegin.____19____Itstartsinnocentlyenough,withsomeoneaskingforhelpwithaproblem.Ineoneortworeplies,andthensuddenly,ashower,asifnothingelsematteredotherthanansweringthisonequestion.Therearerepliestoreplies,andrepliestorepliestoreplies.Everyoneseemstobeenjoyingthemselveshugely,butthereisalwaysasilent,sufferinggroup.Individualworkershavetheirowntriggers.ThereisnocureforMisergonia.Theworkplaceisacollectionofpeoplekeepingintouchindifferentways.Theirhabitsandnoisesturnintosomethingfamiliarforsomecolleaguesbutannoyingforothers.____20____A.You'dbetteraskthemforhelp.B.Andthenthereisthereplyallemail.COthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.D.Orthemousethatgivesupatjustthewrongmoment.E.Nowadays,theputerhasbeeanessentialtool.F.Theonlyreleaseistotrytobeunderstandingandgetusedtoit.G.Verbalphrases(口頭禪)areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了工作場所可能是“桌怒癥”(Misergonia)的完美滋生地。這是一種由一系列噪音和紊亂引起的病癥?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefirealarmtestisacaseinpoint.‘Attentionplease,attentionplease,’shoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.（聲音通常是“桌怒癥”的誘因。例行的火警警報(bào)測試就是一個(gè)很好的例子?！罢堊⒁?，請注意，”一個(gè)讓人無法忽視的聲音喊道。）”可知，這是一種無法忽視的“桌怒癥”聲音。以及空后“Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareofkeyboardthumperspeoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.（例如，每個(gè)辦公室都有敲鍵盤的人，他們的目標(biāo)似乎不是制作文件，而是破壞設(shè)備。）”可知，這里舉例一些讓人討厭的聲音。C項(xiàng)“Othernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.（其他的聲音沒有那么大，但同樣令人討厭。）”符合語境。故選C。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空后“‘Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade,’ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomakeapoint.Whynotjustsay‘Idon'tvalueyourtime?’（“這是一個(gè)已經(jīng)有人提出的觀點(diǎn)?！逼婀值氖?，大量的人開始提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。為什么不直接說“我不珍惜你的時(shí)間”呢？）”，可知，這里講述的是讓“桌怒癥”患者頭痛的口頭語。G項(xiàng)“Verbalphrases（口頭禪）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.（口頭禪是“桌怒癥”患者的另一個(gè)頭痛問題。）”符合語境。故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)空前“SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesouldestroying.Theprinterjustdoesn’twork.（小的IT故障是辦公室生活的一個(gè)事實(shí)，但它們?nèi)匀豢梢源輾ъ`魂。打印機(jī)壞了。）”可知，這是硬件出現(xiàn)了故障。以及空后“Yourcursorisjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyourmousetowardsit,nothinghappens.‘Eitheryourcursorisinaaorthebatteryhasrunout,’offersupacolleaguehelpfully.（你的光標(biāo)就在那里，但是當(dāng)你把鼠標(biāo)移向它時(shí)，什么也沒有發(fā)生。“要么你的光標(biāo)失靈了，要么電池沒電了，”一位過來幫忙的同事說。）”可知，這里舉例鼠標(biāo)壞了。D項(xiàng)“Orthemousethatgivesupatjustthewrongmoment.（或者你的鼠標(biāo)總是在關(guān)鍵時(shí)候掉鏈子。）”符合語境。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Itstartsinnocentlyenough,withsomeoneaskingforhelpwithaproblem.Ineoneortworeplies,andthensuddenly,ashower,asifnothingelsematteredotherthanansweringthisonequestion.Therearerepliestoreplies,andrepliestorepliestoreplies.Everyoneseemstobeenjoyingthemselveshugely,butthereisalwaysasilent,sufferinggroup.（一開始很單純，有人在問題上尋求幫助。接下來收到一兩個(gè)回復(fù)后，你會感到惡心，你意識到整個(gè)公司都收到了這個(gè)請求。突然，一場“雪崩”。似乎除了在這個(gè)問題上發(fā)表意見之外，其他什么都不重要。有對回復(fù)的回復(fù)，還有對回復(fù)的回復(fù)的回復(fù)。每個(gè)人似乎都玩得很開心，但總有一個(gè)沉默的、痛苦的群體。）”，可知，這里it指代的是回復(fù)郵件。B項(xiàng)“Andthenthereisthereplyallemail.（然后是回復(fù)所有人的郵件。）”符合語境。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Individualworkershavetheirowntriggers.ThereisnocureforMisergonia.Theworkplaceisacollectionofpeoplekeepingintouchindifferentways.Theirhabitsandnoisesturnintosomethingfamiliarforsomecolleaguesbutannoyingforothers.（每個(gè)員工都有自己的觸發(fā)因素?！白琅Y”沒有治愈方法。工作場所是一群人以不同方式保持聯(lián)系的地方。他們的習(xí)慣和噪音對一些同事來說很熟悉，但對另一些同事來說卻很煩人。）”可知，這里綜述要理解和習(xí)慣辦公室噪音。F項(xiàng)“Theonlyreleaseistotrytobeunderstandingandgetusedtoit.（唯一的解脫就是試著去理解并習(xí)慣它。）”符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Beforeretiring,myfatherwasasuccessfulcorporateexecutive.Growingup,Igotusedtolearningthathehadreceived____21____,fromvicepresidenttoexecutivevicepresidenttoseniorexecutivevicepresident,andsoon.Iwasalwaysimpressedbymyfather’s____22____andviewedhimasawonderfulrolemodel.Therefore,Icouldn'thavebeenmore____23____whenmyfathergotannoyedwithmeafterIshowedhimoneofmynewbusinesscards,____24____“TinaL.Seelig,President.”Ihadstartedmyownbusinessand____25____myownbusinesscards,Myfatherlookedatthecardsandsaid,“Youcan'tjustcallyourselfpresident.”Inhisexperience,Ihadtowaitforsomeoneelsetopromotemetoaleadershiproleandthethoughtofmy____26____myselfwiththattitle____27____him.Ihave____28____hismentality（心態(tài)）timeandtimeagain.TwentyyearsagowhenItoldafriendIwasgoingtowriteabook,sheasked,“Whatmakesyouthinkyoucanwriteabook?”Shecouldn’t____29____takingonsuchaprojectwithoutthe____30____ofsomeoneinapositionofgreaterauthority.I,ontheotherhand,feltconfidentIcoulddoit.Thetaskwascertainly____31____,butwhynottry?Iputtogetheradetailedproposal,wrotesomesamplechapters,shoppeditaround,and____32____acontract.Overtime,I'vebecameincreasingly____33____thatpeoplearedividedintotwocategories.Somelookinsidethemselvesfor____34____andotherswaittobepushedforwardbyoutsideforces.Frommyexperience,there’salottobesaidfor____35____opportunitiesinsteadofwaitingforsomeonetohandthemtoyou.21.A.increases B.promotions C.change