山東省臨沂市臨沂第一中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）

山東省臨沂市臨沂第一中學(xué)2021屆高三英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoyouwanttohaveaninterestingsummerpicnicswithyourfamily?HereweofferfourofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.CumberlandIslands,GeorgiaJusthourssouthofSavannah,thisnationalseashoreisanidealpicnicplace.It'snotadestroyedplaceintheDeepSouthwithover50milesofhikingtrails(路線).CoveredinSpanishmoss(苔蘚)，thepathsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarsgatherforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.GrantPark,ChicagoGoforatasteofa20daylakefrontfordeliciousfoodinChicago,becausefoodfestivalhappensinOctobereachyear.Takeaspotnearthefountaintoenjoyyourpicnic,appreciatethecitysceneryandlakeviewsandrelaxwithfamilyandfriends.IfyouarethereonJuly1st,makesuretoplanthedaytoincludethefireworksdisplayattheNavyPier.CranberryIslands,MaineHere,you'llenjoynaturalpicnicswithislandviews.Theislandsareadelightfulgroupofislandsabout20minutesoffshorefromAcadiaNationalPark.Youcanvisittheislandsbyprivateboat.Bringapicnicbasketalongfortherideasit'saromanticpicnicareatogoforafamilyoutingtovisittheislands.BigSur,CaliforniaThePointLobosStateReserveisasmallgem(勝地).Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantmunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.It'sgoodtohaveapicnicthere.Youareremendedtobringatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.1.WhatcanweknowaboutCumberlandIslands?A.Youcangotherebyboat.B.Youcan'thaveapicnicintheevening.C.Itisdevelopedintoabeautifulscenery.D.Itattractslotsofpeopleforitssplendidstars.2.Whichofthefollowingattractswildlifeloversmost?A.BigSur. B.GrantPark.C.CranberryIslands. D.CumberlandIslands.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Apersonaldiary. B.Atravelmagazine.C.Asciencereport. D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國(guó)的4個(gè)頂級(jí)野餐區(qū)的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CumberlandIslands中“CoveredinSpanishmoss(苔蘚），thepathsarelinedwithtreesandsinceit'sstillaruralarea,thestarsgatherforaspectacularshowatnightandcreatetheperfecteveningstarlitpicnicopportunity.(小徑上覆蓋著西班牙苔蘚，兩旁都是樹，因?yàn)樗匀皇且粋€(gè)鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，星星聚集在一起，在晚上上演一場(chǎng)壯觀的表演，創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)完美的夜晚星光野餐的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，CumberlandIslands因其美麗的星空夜景吸引了很多游客。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Besidesthecoastalwildlifetherearerareplantmunities,anduniquegeologicalformations.(除了沿海野生動(dòng)植物之外，還有稀有的植物群落和獨(dú)特的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造。)”和最后一句“Youareremendedtobringatelescope,becausemuchofthewildlifecanbeseenonlyatadistance.(建議您帶望遠(yuǎn)鏡，因?yàn)樵S多野生動(dòng)物只能在遠(yuǎn)處才能看到。)可知，BigSur對(duì)于野生動(dòng)植物愛好者最有吸引力。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Doyouwanttohaveaninterestingsummerpicnicswithyourfamily?HereweofferfourofthetoppicnicareasacrosstheUS.(你想和你的家人有一個(gè)有趣的夏季野餐嗎?在這里，我們?yōu)槟榻B全美最適合野餐的四個(gè)地方。)”以及文章主要介紹了四個(gè)最佳野餐地點(diǎn)可知，最可能在一本旅游雜志上讀到這篇文章。故選B。BSophiebecamefriendswiththegraysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState,afterspottingthemrunningaroundandwonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today,everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe"SquirrelGirl".Sophietriedbringingthemfood,andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits,shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongSophieandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation(轟動(dòng)).GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege,Sophiewasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome,butshedidn'tinteractwithpeopleverymuch.Shewaslaterdiagnosed(診斷)withAsperger'ssyndrome,butthesquirrelschangedthat."Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice,becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewilleoverandwelljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem,"shesaid,"Iamalotmoreoutgoing."Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowSophieisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos,ithasalottodowithfood.Forexample,whenevershewantsthemtoholdorplaywithsomething,sheputspeanutbutterontheprop(道具),andthey'llgrabit.Inthebeginning,shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstoedownandgetthem,buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust,though.Thisyear,SophieisgraduatingwithadegreeinEnglishandwildlifesciences.Shewantstobeasciencewriterandeducatepeopleonhowtopreservetheenvironment.Asforherfurryfriends,Sophieplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.4.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Maryisknownasthe"SquirrelGirl"inthemunity.B.Marywasmorefondofsquirrelsthananyotheranimals.C.MaryandsquirrelsreceivedgreatattentionontheInternet.D.Marywishestoeducatepeopleonhowtoprotecttheanimals.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSophieaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Shegotlotsoffriendsduetosquirrels.B.Sheusedtobeapopulargirlinherchildhood.C.Shelivedinthefarcountrysidewhenyoung.D.Shewasmoreoutgoingthanbefore.6.HowdidMarymanagetotakephotosofsquirrelswearinghats?A.Bydressinglikesquirrels. B.Byputtingthemincages.C.Byplayingmusictothem. D.Byattractingthemwithfood.7.WhatdoyouthinkofSophie?A.Tolerantandstrong.B.Patientandcaring.C.Sociableandhealthy.D.Traditionalandhardworking.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了“松鼠女孩”Sophie曾被診斷出阿斯伯格綜合癥，但是通過松鼠改變了她，使她變得外向的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongSophieandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation.（網(wǎng)友們的反應(yīng)非常積極，很快索菲婭和她的松鼠們就成了網(wǎng)絡(luò)紅人。）”可判斷，索菲婭和松鼠在網(wǎng)上受到了極大的關(guān)注。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“"Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice,becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewilleoverandwelljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem,"shesaid,“Iamalotmoreoutgoing."（“松鼠幫我打破沉默，因?yàn)槲視?huì)坐在這里拍松鼠，其他人會(huì)過來，我們就開始一起喂松鼠，聊它們，”她說，“我外向多了?！保笨芍?，索菲婭比以前更外向。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Sophietriedbringingthemfood,andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.（蘇菲試著給他們拿吃的，他們漸漸地開始信任她了。她設(shè)法給松鼠戴上一頂帽子，然后拍了張照片。）”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowSophieisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos,ithasalottodowithfood.（如果你想知道索菲婭是如何讓松鼠們?yōu)樗恼掌鏊胱龅氖虑榈?，這和食物有很大關(guān)系。）”可知，索菲婭通過食物吸引松鼠，拍下松鼠戴帽子的照片。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebeginning,shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstoedownandgetthem,buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust,though.（一開始，她會(huì)把花生扔到學(xué)校的樹上，然后邀請(qǐng)松鼠下來吃花生，但它們都不愿意接近她。不過，她有耐心贏得了他們的信任。）”以及最后一段“Asforherfurryfriends,Sophieplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.（至于她的這些毛茸茸的朋友們，索菲婭打算盡可能多地待在那里看望它們。）”可判斷，Sophie既有耐心又有愛心。故選B項(xiàng)。CWalkpastanyBath&BodyWorksstoreandyou'llseeacolourfuldisplayofpopularantibacterialsoaps.Soldinthickplasticcontainerswithheavyfoam（泡沫）—producingpumpsontopandloadedwithnicesmell,theseliquidsoapsareseeneverywhere.Besidestheirplasticpackaging,theyare'antibacterial,'asaresomanyothersoaps,bodyscrubs（磨砂膏）,andlipsticksthesedays,nottomentionhouseholdcleanersandevenmattresses.Theworldhasgonecrazyforantibacterialproductsbut,unfortunately,antibacterialisbad.Keepinmindthatantibacterialsoapisnomoreeffectiveatkillinggermsthanregularsoap.Usingantibacterialsoapmayevenleadtothedevelopmentofbacteriathatareresistanttotheproductsantimicrobialagentsmakingithardertokillthesegermsinthefuture.Theproblemisthattheyleaveasurfaceleftoverafterbeingwashedorwipedaway.Thisleftoverissupposedtocontinuekillingafterwards,butitcanalsopromotethegrowthofresistantbacteria,whicharestrongerthantheoriginalbacteria.Triclosan（三氯生），amonmixedmaterialinantibacterialsoapsandhandwashingliquids,isaprobablehumancarcinogen（致癌物）.Triclosan,alsoknownasMicroban,hasbeenfoundinbreastmilkandexistsin60percentofAmericanwaterways,whichopensapathwayforpotentialpollutionoffood.In2009,theCanadianMedicalAssociationcalledonitsgovernmenttobanallantibacterialproductsbutwasunsuccessful.Asunexcitingasitis,plainoldbarsoapisthewaytogo.Regularsoapworksbylooseningdirt,oil,andmicrobessotheycanbewashedaway.Effectivehandwashingrequiresvigorouswashingofallsurfacesandshouldlastatleast20seconds.Abarofsoaprequireslittletonopackaging,andthegreenestoptionisonewithavegetableglycerinebase,freefromchemicalsmellandharmfulmaterials.8.Whatdoesusingantibacterialsoapresultin?A.Makingthingscleaner. B.Killingmoregerms.C.Keepingthingsmorehealthy. D.Promotingthedevelopmentofbacteria.9.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheantibacterialsoaps?A.supportive B.anxious C.opposed D.uninterested10.Whatdoestheunderlined"they"inparagraph3referto?A.Originalbacteria. B.Antibacterialsoaps.C.Householdcleaners. D.Antimicrobialagents.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestinthelastparagraph?A.Usingregularsoapsisthebestoption.B.Washinghandsneedslongertimethanever.C.Buyingsoapswithnopackingandchemicals.D.Keepingantibacterialsoapisbeneficialtohealth.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抗菌肥皂帶來的負(fù)面影響，并建議使用常規(guī)肥皂。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thisleftoverissupposedtocontinuekillingafterwards,butitcanalsopromotethegrowthofresistantbacteria,whicharestrongerthantheoriginalbacteria.（這種殘余物之后應(yīng)該會(huì)繼續(xù)殺滅，但它也能促進(jìn)耐藥細(xì)菌的生長(zhǎng)，比原來的細(xì)菌更強(qiáng)。）”可知，使用抗菌肥皂會(huì)促進(jìn)細(xì)菌的成長(zhǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theworldhasgonecrazyforantibacterialproductsbut,unfortunately,antibacterialisbad.（世界為抗菌產(chǎn)品瘋狂——但不幸的是，抗菌是有害的。）”以及第二段“Keepinmindthatantibacterialsoapisnomoreeffectiveatkillinggermsthanregularsoap.（記住，抗菌肥皂并不比普通肥皂更有效地殺滅細(xì)菌。）”可判斷，作者對(duì)抗菌皂持反對(duì)態(tài)度。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Usingantibacterialsoapmayevenleadtothedevelopmentofbacteriathatareresistanttotheproductsantimicrobialagentsmakingithardertokillthesegermsinthefuture.（使用抗菌肥皂甚至可能導(dǎo)致對(duì)抗菌產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)生抗藥性的細(xì)菌的產(chǎn)生——使將來更難殺死這些細(xì)菌。）”以及第三段“Theproblemisthattheyleaveasurfaceleftoverafterbeingwashedorwipedaway.（問題是它們?cè)诒磺逑椿虿潦煤髸?huì)留下表面殘留物。）”可知，第三段的they指的是抗菌肥皂。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Asunexcitingasitis,plainoldbarsoapisthewaytogo.（雖然平淡無奇，但普通的肥皂還是不錯(cuò)的選擇。）”可知，作者建議使用常規(guī)肥皂是很好的選擇。故選A項(xiàng)。DThebestandmostmonlyusedsourcesforthepillswehaveareoilyfishlikesalmon（畦），mackerelandsardines.Manyenvironmentalistsfearthatsomespeciesarebeingoverfishedforthispurpose.Wemayhaveanendlessvoracityforfishoil,butwedon'thaveanendlesssupplyoffish.Menhaden,whichisdescribedas“abigheaded,smelly,footlongfish",isingreatdanger.Althoughprizedfordinnerinthe18thcentury,thespecieshasbeetheunknownvictimofthefishoilbusiness9whichpresentsuswithpotentialseafish.Menhadenfilterfeedalmostentirelyonalgae（海藻）andisespeciallygoodatchangingitinto3fattyacids,whichmakethemagoodtargetforfishoilpanies.Oneparticularpany,ProteinofHouston,hasbeenfishing90percentofthecountry'smenhaden.It'sbeesuchabigproblemthat13ofthe15Atlanticstateshavebannedthepany*sboatsfromtheirwaters.YetthepanyisstillallowedtofishinNorthCarolinaandVirginia,aswellasfederalwaters;thepany*seffortsresultintheremovingofhalfabillionmenhadeneveryyear.Asidefromrunningoutapublicnaturalresourceforapany，sprivateprofit,thedamagetotheecosystemiscauseforalarm.ThemuddybrowncoloroftheLongIslandSoundisthedirectresultoflackingwaternitration（過濾）一ajobthatwasoncedonebymenhaden.MenhadenkeeptheoceanwatersoftheAtlanticandGulfcoastsclean.Amenhadenfiltersfourtosixgallonsofwaterofalgaeinaminute,whichpreventsunderwaterdeadzones.Measuresshouldbetakentoavoidtheoverfishedsituation.Plantseedssuchasflaxseed,chiaseeds,hempseeds,andsesameseeds—andparticularlytheiroils—aregoodvegetariansourcesofomega3fattyacids,althoughthemixofspecificacidsisdifferentfromwhichonecangetwithfish.12.Whydoesmenhadenbeeagoodfishforpaniestomakepills?A.Itisgoodatforming3fattyacids.B.Itfeedsmainlyontheharmfulalgae.C.Itiswellknownforitsrichprotein.D.Itisrelativelyeasyforpaniestocatch.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"voracity"inparagraph1mean?A.trouble B.shortageC.resource D.appetite14.Whatdoestheauthorintendtosuggestusinthelastparagraph?A.Togrowmoreplantsfortheirseedstomakeoil.B.Tousesomesubstitutesinsteadofmorefishoil.C.Tocallonthegovernmenttomakelawsinfishing.D.Totakepartinmoreactivitiestoprotecttheenvironment.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Thebrokennaturalecosystem. B.Theprocessofmakingfishoil.C.Badeffectsoffishoilmaking. D.Howtousenaturalresources.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了魚油制造帶來的不良影響以及避免過度捕撈的措施?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Menhadenfilterfeedalmostentirelyonalgaeandisespeciallygoodatchangingitinto3fattyacids,whichmakethemagoodtargetforfishoilpanies.（鯡魚幾乎完全以藻類為食，并且特別擅長(zhǎng)將其轉(zhuǎn)化為3脂肪酸，這使得它們成為魚油公司的一個(gè)很好的目標(biāo)。）”可知，因?yàn)轹E魚擅長(zhǎng)形成3脂肪酸所以成為魚油公司的目標(biāo)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thebestandmostmonlyusedsourcesforthepillswehaveareoilyfishlikesalmon,mackerelandsardines.Manyenvironmentalistsfearthatsomespeciesarebeingoverfishedforthispurpose.（最好和最常用的藥物來源是油性魚類，如鮭魚，鯖魚和沙丁魚。許多環(huán)保人士擔(dān)心，一些物種正因?yàn)檫@個(gè)目的而被過度捕撈。）”以及“Wemayhaveanendlessvoracityforfishoil,butwedon'thaveanendlesssupplyoffish.（我們可能對(duì)魚油有無窮無盡的渴求，但魚的供應(yīng)卻不是無窮無盡的。）”可判斷，此處voracity指人們對(duì)魚油的需求。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Measuresshouldbetakentoavoidtheoverfishedsituation.Plantseedssuchasflaxseed,chiaseeds,hempseeds,andsesameseeds—andparticularlytheiroils—aregoodvegetariansourcesofomega3fattyacids,althoughthemixofspecificacidsisdifferentfromwhichonecangetwithfish.（應(yīng)該采取措施來避免過度捕撈的情況。植物種子，如亞麻籽，交叉籽，大麻籽和芝麻籽，特別是它們的油，是很好的素食來源3脂肪酸，盡管特定的酸的混合不同于魚類。）”可判斷，作者在最后一段介紹了避免過度捕撈的措施：用一些替代品代替更多的魚油。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Asidefromrunningoutapublicnaturalresourceforapany,sprivateprofit,thedamagetotheecosystemiscauseforalarm.ThemuddybrowncoloroftheLongIslandSoundisthedirectresultoflackingwaternitrationajobthatwasoncedonebymenhaden.（除了為了公司的私人利益耗盡公共自然資源外，對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的破壞也值得引起警覺。長(zhǎng)島海峽渾濁的棕色是缺乏水硝化作用的直接結(jié)果——一項(xiàng)曾經(jīng)由鯡魚完成的工作。）”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了魚油制造帶來的不良影響，C選項(xiàng)“魚油制造的不良影響”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Toloseweight,youdon'tneedtosuppressyourappetite.Eatoftenbuteathealthily,andyouwillmakeit.___16___theyoftenskipmealtimestoavoidanymorecaloriesfortheday.This,however,isanextremelycounterproductive（適得其反的）action.Yourbody'smetabolismcanbeeconfusedwhenyoudonoteatmealsonaregularbasis.___17___,yourbodythinksthatitneedstostoreenergyawayforlater.Thisisasimplesurvivalmechanismthatensuresyoudonotstarvetodeathinanemergencysituation.Itcanalsoresultinfatretention（脂肪沉積）.Soevenifyoudonothavetimeforanentiremeal,itcanhelptohavesomenuts,aboiledeggs,orsomerawvegetables.Eatingmoreoftenisalsoagreatwaytokeepyourbloodsugarfromcrashingthroughouttheday.___18___Youmaywanttotakeahintfromtheeatinghabitsoftoddlers.Toddlersareknownfortheirconsistentsnacking.Theyoftenrefusetoeatanentiremeal,yet,graze（吃零食）throughouttheday.Grazingcanhelpyouavoidahungryfeeling,andhelpstokeepyourbloodsugarstable.___19___Itcanbedifficult,atfirst,totellwhenyouaretrulyhungry,orjusteatingoutofhabit.Manyindividualseatforfort,oroutofboredom.Partoflosingweightislearningtolistentoyourbody.Eathealthysnacksorsmallmealsthroughouttheday.___20___.A.UnlessyouwanttoeatjunkfoodB.WhenpeopleareeagertoloseweightC.IfyoudonoteatwhenyouarehungryD.ItgivesyourbodyasteadystreamofenergyE.BeinghungryshouldnotbeapartofanydietplanF.Don,tdependonthreeplannedmealstosatisfyyouG.Itishardtosticktoahealthydietbutinthelongrunitcanmakeadifference【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了抑制食欲的反作用，呼吁人們要經(jīng)常吃且吃得健康?！?6題詳解】上文“Toloseweight,youdon'tneedtosuppressyourappetite.Eatoftenbuteathealthily,andyouwillmakeit.（為了減肥，你不需要抑制食欲。經(jīng)常吃但吃得健康，你會(huì)成功的。）”說明下文與減肥有關(guān)。下文“theyoftenskipmealtimestoavoidanymorecaloriesfortheday（他們往往會(huì)不吃飯，以避免一天中攝入更多的卡路里）”說明人們減肥時(shí)會(huì)不吃飯，以避免攝入過多的卡路里。B選項(xiàng)Whenpeopleareeagertoloseweight（當(dāng)人們渴望減肥時(shí)）符合上下文意。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文“Yourbody'smetabolismcanbeeconfusedwhenyoudonoteatmealsonaregularbasis.（當(dāng)你不按時(shí)吃飯時(shí)，你身體的新陳代謝會(huì)變得混亂。）”說明不按時(shí)吃飯身體新陳代謝會(huì)變得混亂。下文“yourbodythinksthatitneedstostoreenergyawayforlater.（你的身體會(huì)認(rèn)為它需要為以后儲(chǔ)存能量。）”說明饑餓的時(shí)候不吃飯會(huì)使身體認(rèn)為需要為以后儲(chǔ)能。C選項(xiàng)Ifyoudonoteatwhenyouarehungry（如果你餓的時(shí)候不吃東西）符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Eatingmoreoftenisalsoagreatwaytokeepyourbloodsugarfromcrashingthroughouttheday.（多吃東西也是防止血糖在一天中崩潰的好方法。）”說明多吃東西有利于血糖穩(wěn)定。下文“Youmaywanttotakeahintfromtheeatinghabitsoftoddlers.Toddlersareknownfortheirconsistentsnacking.Theyoftenrefusetoeatanentiremeal,yet,grazethroughouttheday.（你可能想從蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子們的飲食習(xí)慣中得到一些暗示。蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子以他們一貫的零食而聞名。他們經(jīng)常拒絕吃完整頓飯，但一整天都在吃零食。）”說明一直吃東西可以保持能量。D選項(xiàng)Itgivesyourbodyasteadystreamofenergy.（它給你的身體源源不斷的能量。）符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Itcanbedifficult,atfirst,totellwhenyouaretrulyhungry,orjusteatingoutofhabit.（一開始，你很難分辨自己什么時(shí)候真的餓了，或者只是出于習(xí)慣才吃東西。）”說明填空處與饑餓有關(guān)。E選項(xiàng)Beinghungryshouldnotbeapartofanydietplan.（饑餓不應(yīng)該成為任何飲食計(jì)劃的一部分。）符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Partoflosingweightislearningtolistentoyourbody.Eathealthysnacksorsmallmealsthroughouttheday.（會(huì)傾聽你的身體是減肥的一部分。每天吃些健康的零食或少食多餐。）”說明我們不應(yīng)該只局限于一日三餐。F選項(xiàng)Don’tdependonthreeplannedmealstosatisfyyou.（不要依賴計(jì)劃好的三餐來滿足你。）符合上文文意。故選F項(xiàng)。第二部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AsdeadlyhurricaneDeltahitMexico'sYucatanPeninsulatearingapathofdestructiondirectlytohisdoor,Pimentel___21___hundredsofanimals一includingmorethan300dogs,largequantitiesofrabbits,chickens,and___22___ahedgehog(刺猬).Althoughhishousetookabeating,alltheanimals___23___."Itdoesn'tmatterifthehouseisdirty,itcanbecleaned,"PimenteltoldAP."Thethingstheybrokecanbe___24___orboughtagain,butwhat's___25___istoseethemhappy,healthyandsafe,withoutwoundsandwiththepossibilityofbeingadopted."Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby,___26___thestorm,Pimentelpostedtosocialmediaabouthis___27___forthewelfareofhisanimals.OnceDeltahadpassed,withsomany___28___tofeedandamajorpoststormcleanupunderway,Pimenteldidn't___29___hispostshadgoneviral(瘋傳)untildonationsfromaroundtheworldstarted___30___.Notonlythat，neighborssoonarrivedtohelpcleardebrisand___31___thehouse.Whilehewasawedbythe___32___ofdonorsandvolunteers,Pimentelhopesthatsomeonecanhelphimfindforeverhomesforsomeofhis___33___sohe'llbeabletosaveevenmore.Thestormmaybeover,___34___Pimentelcontinuestowalkthewalk.Healwaysrememberedamotto,"Leavefootprintsof___35___forotherstofollow."21.A.raised B.bought C.sheltered D.grew22.A.still B.even C.yet D.rather23.A.survived B.stayed C.developed D.kept24.A.accepted B.discovered C.returned D.fixed25.A.beautiful B.strange C.precious D.profitable26.A.inthecourseof B.priorto C.intermsof D.incaseof27.A.requires B.choices C.help D.concerns28A.mouths B.population C.lives D.crops29.A.know B.wonder C.realize D.admit30.A.gettingabout B.pouringin C.puttingup D.callingon31.A.rebuild B.decorate C.move D.check32.A.bravery B.wisdom C.diligence D.generosity33.A.jobs B.rescues C.partners D.services34.A.so B.and C.but D.then35.A.nature B.honour C.fame D.kindness【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述Pimentel收留了許多小動(dòng)物，使他們?cè)陲Z風(fēng)中幸存下來，以及很多人的幫助捐贈(zèng)，來表明：善良可以傳遞下去。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Pimentel收留了數(shù)百個(gè)動(dòng)物包括300多條狗，大量的兔子，雞甚至刺猬。A.raised飼養(yǎng)；B.bought買；C.sheltered收留，給.....提供避難所；D.grew種植，成長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)上文“AsdeadlyhurricaneDeltahitMexico’sYucatanPeninsulatearingapathofdestructiondirectlytohisdoor,”可知，致命的颶風(fēng)襲擊了尤卡坦半島，許多動(dòng)物的也流離失所，所以Pimentel收留了許多動(dòng)物，故選C。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.yet但是，然而；D.rather相當(dāng)。根據(jù)空后的“ahedgehog(刺猬).”可知設(shè)空處與上文構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，所以空處需用even，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的家也遭受重創(chuàng)，但是所有的動(dòng)物都幸存下來了。A.survived幸存；B.stayed停留；C.developed發(fā)展；D.kept保持。根據(jù)上文“Althoughhishousetookabeating，”可知，所有的動(dòng)物幸免于難，盡管他的家也遭受了颶風(fēng)的襲擊，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：被摧毀的東西可以維修或者再買，但是看到這些動(dòng)物們開心，健康，安全是很寶貴的。A.accepted接受；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.returned返回；D.fixed修理。根據(jù)常識(shí)，壞了東西是可以”修理“的，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：美好的事情就是看到他們快樂、健康、安全，沒有傷害，有可能被收養(yǎng)。A.beautiful美好的，漂亮的；B.strange奇怪的；C.precious珍貴的；D.profitable盈利的。根據(jù)前句“Thethingstheybrokecanbe4orboughtagain”可知，東西壞了可以修理或購(gòu)買，對(duì)于這些小動(dòng)物來說，能夠看到他們快樂，健康，安全……就是美好的事情，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查固定短語詞義辨析。句意：知道物資很難運(yùn)過來，所以皮門特爾在暴風(fēng)雨來之前他做了準(zhǔn)備，他在社交媒體發(fā)文稱他對(duì)動(dòng)物們福利的擔(dān)憂。A.inthecourseof在……過程中；B.priorto在……之前；C.intermsof就……而言；D.incaseof萬一。根據(jù)空前“Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby”可知，是在颶風(fēng)之前，他做了準(zhǔn)備，故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.requires要求；B.choices選擇；C.help幫助；D.concerns擔(dān)憂。根據(jù)上文“Knowingsuppliesmightbehardtoeby,6thestorm”可知，颶風(fēng)要來了，他擔(dān)憂動(dòng)物們會(huì)受到颶風(fēng)的襲擊，故選D。28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦颶風(fēng)經(jīng)過，有那么多張嘴等待著吃食，還有那么多清理工作要進(jìn)行，Pimentel并沒有意識(shí)到他的帖子開始瘋傳，直到來自世界各地的捐贈(zèng)開始蜂擁而至。A.mouths嘴巴；B.population人口；C.lives生命；D.crops莊稼。A.嘴；根據(jù)下文“tofeed”可知A項(xiàng)符合搭配，表示那么多張嘴等待著吃食。故選A。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.know知道；B.wonder想知道；C.realize意識(shí)到；D.admit承認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“untildonationsfromaroundtheworldstarted10.”可知，直到來自世界各地的捐贈(zèng)蜂擁而至?xí)r，他才意識(shí)到他的帖子開始瘋傳，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意同上。A.gettingabout傳播；B.pouringin涌入；C.puttingup搭建；D.callingon號(hào)召。根據(jù)前文“hispostshadgoneviral（瘋傳）”可知，因?yàn)樘娱_始瘋傳，所以很多捐款來了。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不僅有來自世界的捐贈(zèng)，而且鄰居們也過來幫助清掃廢墟及重建家園。A.rebuild重建；B.decorate裝飾；C.move移動(dòng)；D.check檢查。根據(jù)上文“neighborssoonarrivedtohelpcleardebris”及常識(shí)可知颶風(fēng)過后，要重建家園。故選A。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他驚嘆于捐贈(zèng)者和志愿者的的慷慨，Pimentel希望有人能幫助他永遠(yuǎn)為他援救下來的小動(dòng)物找到永遠(yuǎn)的家。A.bravery勇敢；B.wisdom智慧；C.diligence勤奮；D.generosity慷慨。根據(jù)上文“donationsfromaroundtheworldstarted10.”可知，來自世界各地的捐贈(zèng)蜂擁而至，說明捐贈(zèng)者和志愿者是“慷慨”，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.jobs工作；B.rescues救援的東西；C.partners搭檔；D.services服務(wù)。根據(jù)后文“sohe'llbeabletosaveevenmore.”可知，此處指Pimentel援救下來很多小動(dòng)物，故選B?！?4題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：颶風(fēng)會(huì)結(jié)束的，但是Pimentel還會(huì)往下走。因此；B.and并且；C.but但是；D.then然后。根據(jù)上文“颶風(fēng)會(huì)結(jié)束”與下文“Pimentel還會(huì)往下走”可知，此處構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他總會(huì)記住這個(gè)箴言“善良可以傳遞下去”。A.nature自然；B.honour榮譽(yù)；C.fame名譽(yù)；D.kindness善良。通讀全文可知皮門特爾收留小動(dòng)物是善良之舉，而世界各地的人捐贈(zèng)也是善良之舉，鄰居們幫助清理廢墟以及重建家園，這都是善良之舉，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Ifyourcountrydoesnothaveitsowntreeplantingday,maybeyoushouldsuggestitonsocialmedia!Thatis___36___onemaninTurkeyrecentlydid.OnTwitter,EnesSahinsuggested___37___(set)asideadayforplantingtreesinTurkey.Heaskedotherstosupporthisidea.Andtheydid.Histweet___38___(quick)wentviral.Sahinwrote,"Let'sdedicateadayforall82millionpeopleinthecountry,includingthechildrenandtheelderly,toplanttrees.Let'sset___39___exampletotheworldandhanddownagreencountrytotheupinggenerations.Turkishofficialstooknotice.RumeysaKada,Turkey,syoungestelecteddeputy,tweeted,"Thisisan___40___(amaze)idea.Itwillbeonouragendafortomorrow.Kadaklater___41___(meet)withSahintodiscusshisidea.ThentheTurkishPresidentlatersenthisownmessageonTwitter.Hewrote,"MyfriendsandIwillundertake___42___(responsible)tomakesurethatwehaveanationaltreeplantingday."Evenifyourcountrydoesnothaveanyspecialday___43___eventsfortreeplanting,youcanalwaysgoitalone!CanadianKenChaplinholdstheworldrecordforthemosttrees___44___(plant)inonedaybyasingleperson.OnJune30,2001,heplanted15,170redpineseedlingsby____45____(he)inCanada'sSaskatchewanprovince.【答案】36.what37.setting38.quickly39.an40.amazing41.met42.responsibility43.or44.planted45.himself【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了EnesSahin提出了關(guān)于國(guó)家植樹日的建議，受到官方的關(guān)注，官方答應(yīng)商議設(shè)立國(guó)家植樹節(jié)的故事?！?6題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：最近在土耳其有一個(gè)人就是這么做的。從句did后缺少賓語，指物，因此用what引導(dǎo)表語從句在從句中作賓語。故填what。【37題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在推特上，EnesSahin建議留出一天時(shí)間在土耳其植樹。suggestdoingsth.建議做某事，為固定搭配。故填setting?！?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他的推特迅速走紅。修飾謂語動(dòng)詞went，用副詞形式。故填quickly?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：讓我們?yōu)槭澜鐦淞⒁粋€(gè)榜樣，把一個(gè)綠色的國(guó)家傳給下一代。example為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，example發(fā)音以元音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞an。故填an?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這是一個(gè)了不起的想法。修飾名詞idea，修飾物，用形容詞形式。故填amazing?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：卡達(dá)克后來與沙欣會(huì)面，討論了他的想法。填空處為句中的謂語動(dòng)詞，與上下文的時(shí)態(tài)相一致，用一般過去時(shí)。故填met?！?2題詳解】考查名詞。句意：我和我的朋友們將承擔(dān)責(zé)任，確保我們有一個(gè)國(guó)家植樹節(jié)。作undertake的賓語，用名詞形式。故填responsibility?！?3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：即使你的國(guó)家沒有任何特殊的植樹日或活動(dòng)，你也可以獨(dú)自去植樹！根據(jù)語境“你的國(guó)家沒有任何特殊的植樹日或活動(dòng)”可知，此處表示選擇關(guān)系。故填or?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：加拿大人肯·卓別林保持著單人一天種植樹木最多的世界紀(jì)錄。句中hold為謂語動(dòng)詞，因此填空處填非謂語，plant和trees為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞作后置定語。故填planted?！?5題詳解】考查代詞。句意：2001年6月30日，他在加拿大薩斯喀徹溫省獨(dú)自種植了15170棵紅松幼苗。填空處作介詞by的賓語，應(yīng)用反身代詞，構(gòu)成byoneself獨(dú)自地。故填himself。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15分)46.假定你是李華,，你的交換生朋友David對(duì)風(fēng)箏很感興趣，正好下周日是風(fēng)箏節(jié)，請(qǐng)你寫信邀請(qǐng)他一同參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3.表示期待。注意：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearDavid,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearDavid,AKiteFestivalistobeheldattheSquareinourcitythisSunday.Knowingyouareinterestedinthefamouskites,Isincerelyinviteyoutoattenditwithmetogether.Duringthefestival,anexhibitionofkitesfrombothhomeandabroadwillbestaged,inwhichwewillseevariousshapesofkites,suchastheDragonkite,FairykiteandGoldenFishkite.Inaddition,wecanenjoyakiteflyingperformancebythousandsofpeople.Youaresuretohaveagoodtimethere.Lookforwardtoyouring!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生給交換生朋友David寫信，邀請(qǐng)他一同參加下周日的風(fēng)箏節(jié)?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時(shí)態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時(shí)態(tài)主要為一般將來時(shí)