Unit 6 Section B（學(xué)生版）八年級英語上冊講義（人教版）

Unit6SectionB目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航目標(biāo)導(dǎo)航單詞teamn.隊；組meaningn.意義；意思improvev.改進(jìn)；改善promisen.承諾；諾言v.許諾；承諾themselvespron.他（她、它）們自己beginningn.開頭；開端paint.用顏料畫；在······上刷油漆discussv.討論；商量weeklyadj.&adv.每周的（地）ownadj.&pron.自己的；本人的schoolworkn.學(xué)校作業(yè)；功課personaladj.個人的；私人的questionv.表示疑問；懷疑；提問；質(zhì)詢relationshipn.關(guān)系；聯(lián)系短語beableto能夠foreignlanguage外語havetodowith關(guān)于；與······有關(guān)系soundlike聽起來像too...to...太······而不能······differentkindsof不同種類的atthebeginningof在······開始makeresolutions下決心getgoodgrades取得好成績forthisreason由于這個原因writedown寫下；記錄下makepromises作出承諾theingyear來年takeup(尤指為消遣）學(xué)著做；開始做aweeklyplan一個周計劃NewYear'sResolutions新年計劃forgetabout忘記；忘掉makethesoccerteam成為足球隊的一員themeaningof······的意思用法歸納······而不能做某事句子1.Whenwemakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear,wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives.當(dāng)我們在年初作出決定時，我們希望我們會改善我們的生活。2.Forthisreason,somepeoplesaythebestresolutionistohavenoresolutions!因?yàn)檫@個原因，一些人說最好的決心就是沒有決心！知識精講知識精講知識點(diǎn)01teamn.隊；組教材原句makethesoccerteam用法team是集合名詞，作主語時，如果側(cè)重指整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果側(cè)重指個體，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。類似用法的詞還有family,couple等。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體Theteamisn'tplayingverywellthisseason.這支隊伍本賽季表現(xiàn)不佳。強(qiáng)調(diào)個體Ourteamtrainhardtowinthematch.我們隊的隊員們?yōu)橼A得比賽刻苦訓(xùn)練?！炯磳W(xué)即練1】Oursuccessliesinworkingtogetherasat。（團(tuán)隊）答案：（t）eam與team有關(guān)的短語有：①makeateam組建一支隊伍②beinateam在隊里；是隊里的一員③teamspirit團(tuán)隊精神④ateamevent團(tuán)體比賽項(xiàng)目⑤ateamof...一個······小組(團(tuán)隊）知識點(diǎn)02sound教材原句Soundsinteresting.用法sound作連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語。soundlike意為“聽起來像”，后接名詞（短語）。Hiswordssoundreasonable.他的話聽起來合理。Thatsoundslikeafunwaytopracticewriting.那聽起來是一個有趣的練習(xí)寫作的方法。Ilikelisteningtothesoundoftherain.我喜歡聽雨聲。聲音，指自然界各種聲音【即學(xué)即練2】這個主意聽起來真不錯，讓我們嘗試一下吧Let'shaveatry.答案：Thisideasoundsreallygood.解析：考查sound作系動詞后加形容詞的用法。其意思為“聽起來”。idea意為“主意”。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，故sound用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。知識點(diǎn)03foreign教材原句I'mgoingtolearnanotherforeignlanguage.用法foreign在句中可作定語，沒有比較級和最高級形式。語境串記：Therearemanyforeigners（n.外國人）speakingdifferentforeignlanguagesinBeijing.在北京有許多講不同外語的外國人。It'sagoodwaytolearnaforeignlanguagebylisteningandspeaking.通過聽說來學(xué)習(xí)一門外語是個好方法。Nowmoststudentsdon'twanttostudyinforeigncountries.現(xiàn)在多數(shù)學(xué)生不想在外國學(xué)習(xí)?！炯磳W(xué)即練3】（外國的）countries.答案foreign知識點(diǎn)04教材原句Wereyouabletokeepthem?辨析：beableto用于多種時態(tài)，be動詞隨主語的人稱和數(shù)的變化而變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)具體做某事的能力，表示“經(jīng)過努力而做成某事”。can無人稱和數(shù)的變化，常指一般性的能力，表示“能做某事”。can還可以表示推測。YoumustbeabletospeakFrenchforthisjob.干這項(xiàng)工作，你必須會說法語。Shewasabletofinishreadingthearticlebyherself.她能夠自己讀完這篇文章。Hecanspeaktwoforeignlanguages.他會說兩種外語。拓展able作形容詞，意為“能夠”，反義詞為unable“未能；無法”；名詞為ability“能力；本領(lǐng)”。Abilityisthestateofbeingabletodosomething.能力就是指能夠做某事的這種狀態(tài)?！炯磳W(xué)即練4】Aliceisaclevergirl.Sheisalways（有能力的）toeupwithgoodideas.答案able知識點(diǎn)05（高頻）promisen.承諾；諾言v.許諾；承諾教材原句It'sakindofpromise.用法promise作名詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：①makeapromise許下諾言②breakapromise違背諾言③keepapromise信守諾言promise作動詞，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：①promisetodosth.許諾做某事；答應(yīng)做某事②③promise+that許諾······Onceyoumakeapromisetoothers,youshouldtryyourbesttokeepit.一旦你對別人許下諾言，你就應(yīng)該盡最大努力信守承諾。Igotangrywhenhebrokehispromise.當(dāng)他違背諾言時，我生氣了。Hepromisedtopickmeupattheschoolgate.他答應(yīng)在校門口接我。Hepromisedabiketohisson.=Hepromisehissonabike.他許諾給他的兒子買一輛自行車。IpromiseIwillstudyharderlater.我許諾以后我要更加努力學(xué)習(xí)?！炯磳W(xué)即練5】OurnationalheroYueFeitodevote(貢獻(xiàn)）himselftothecountryatayoungage.解析考查動詞辨析。fail失?。籪orget忘記；promise承諾，保證；refuse拒絕。根據(jù)句意“我們的民族英雄岳飛在年輕時就獻(xiàn)身于祖國?！笨芍?，空格處表示“承諾”，故選C.知識點(diǎn)06beginning的用法教材原句Whenwemakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear,wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives.我們在新年即始時下決心，希望改善我們的生活。（P45)用法beginning做名詞，意為“開始；開端”。Thisisthebeginningofthegardentour.這是游園活動的開始。固定搭配frombeginningtoend從頭到尾；自始至終fromthebeginning從一開始atthebeginning=inthebeginning起初；開始atthebeginningof在······之初／開始，相當(dāng)于atthestartof.反義詞組：attheendof在······結(jié)束時／結(jié)尾WewillgotoEnglandatthebeginningof/atthestartofnextmonth.下月初我們要去英國。InthebeginningIfeltverylonelyinLondon.起初，我在倫敦覺得非常孤獨(dú)。拓展beginning是動詞begin(開始）的名詞形式。begin相當(dāng)于start.begintodo/doingsth.開始做某事。begin的現(xiàn)在分詞為beginning,過去式為began,過去分詞為begun.Itstarted/begantorain.=Itstarted/beganraining.開始下雨了。固定搭配beginwith以······開始?！炯磳W(xué)即練6】根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞Theendingofjuniorhighschoolisthebofanewlife.答案beginning知識點(diǎn)07improve教材原句Whenwemakeresolutionsatthebeginningoftheyear,wehopethatwearegoingtoimproveourlives.我們在新年即始時下決心，希望改善我們的生活。（P45)用法improve既可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞，其名詞為improvement.KeepingEnglishdiariesisagoodwaytoimproveEnglish.寫英語日記是提高英語的一種好方法。Theirlivingconditionsareimproving.他們的居住條件正在改善。用作不及物動詞，后不加賓語。Weexpecttoseefurtherimprovementovertheingyear.我們期望來年會有更進(jìn)一步的改善?！炯磳W(xué)即練7】－SomeChinesegovernmentofficershaveturnedintolivestreamers(網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播）。－Yes.Theyaretryingtheirbesttohelplocalfarmerstoproductsales.A.improveBpareC.afford解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)上句句意：一些中國政府官員已經(jīng)變成了網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播，可知下句句意是：是的。他們正盡最大努力幫助當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民提高產(chǎn)品銷售。表示“提高”，應(yīng)用improve.知識點(diǎn)08（重點(diǎn)）writedown寫下；記錄下教材原句Somepeoplewritedowntheirresolutionsandplansfortheingyear.用法writedown為“動詞＋副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語。Pleasewritedowntheaddressbeforeyouforgetit.=Pleasewritetheaddressdownbeforeyouforgetit.請把地址記下來，免得你忘記了。Thesearenewwords.Pleasewritethemdown.這些是生詞，請把它們寫下來。常見的“動詞＋down”短語有：①falldown跌倒②cutdown砍伐；削減③liedown躺下④breakdown出故障⑤diedown逐漸變?nèi)酡辴urndown調(diào)低；拒絕⑦takedown拆除；取下⑧putdown放下；記下【即學(xué)即練8】畢業(yè)典禮上，學(xué)生們在紀(jì)念冊上寫下了自己的名字。Studentstheirnamesinthealbumongraduationceremony.答案wrotedown知識點(diǎn)09havetodowith關(guān)于；與······有關(guān)系教材原句Manyresolutionshavetodowithselfimprovement.用法havetodowith意為“關(guān)于；與......有關(guān)系”，表示與某事、某人有牽連、有關(guān)系、有瓜葛。Whatdoesthishavetodowithme?這跟我有什么關(guān)系？Herjobhastodowithputers.她的工作與計算機(jī)有關(guān)。Sportshavesomethingtodowithhealth.運(yùn)動與健康有關(guān)。Thepolicereportshowedthattheaccidenthadnothingtodowiththeweather.警方報告顯示該事故與天氣無關(guān)。拓展該短語中have后可接much,something,nothing等詞，havemuch/something/nothingwith表示“與······有很大關(guān)系／有關(guān)系／無關(guān)”。重點(diǎn)havenothingtodowith意為“與······無關(guān)”。wasathomeallnight.我跟那起謀殺一點(diǎn)兒關(guān)系都沒有。我整晚都在家。Leaveheralone!Ithasnothingtodowithher.別去煩她！此事與她無關(guān)。【即學(xué)即練9】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子別那樣看著我，這事兒跟我無關(guān)。Don'tlookatmelikeme.答案hasnothingtodowith知識點(diǎn)10takeup的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）教材原句Somepeoplemightsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos,..有些人可能會說他們將培養(yǎng)某種愛好，比如畫畫、攝影·····.（P45)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析Somepeoplemightsay（that）theyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos主句連接詞that省略的賓語從句用法takeup意為“養(yǎng)成·····的習(xí)慣；從事”。takeupahobby表示“培養(yǎng)一種愛好”。SheisgoingtotakeupahobbylikeshoppingontheInternet.她將培養(yǎng)一種愛好，比如上網(wǎng)購物。拓展takeup后接名詞或動名詞1.學(xué)著做；開始做；從事2.占據(jù)（時間、地點(diǎn)、空間等）3.拿起；舉起（物）Whendidhetakeupfootball?他是什么時候開始踢足球的？Thepianotakesuptoomuchspaceinthelivingroom.這架鋼琴在起居室占據(jù)了太多的地方。Hetookupapieceofwoodandwentout.他拿起一根棍子就出去了。含take的短語：1takeup占用（時間、空間）；從事2takeplace發(fā)生3taketheplaceof代替4takeoff脫掉；起飛5takepartin參加6takeaway拿走；消除7takeiteasy別著急常見的“動詞+up”短語還有：makeup組成cutup切碎lookup查閱giveup放棄eatup吃光putup舉起；張貼【即學(xué)即練10】－Thesummervacationising.Doyouhaveanyplans?－I'mgoingtoahobbylikeplayingtheguitar.A.cutupB.lookupC.turnupD.takeup解析考查動詞短語辨析。句意為“暑假就要到來了。你有一些計劃嗎？”“我打算培養(yǎng)一種愛好，比如彈吉他?！?。takeupahobby表示“培養(yǎng)一種愛好”，故選D.知識點(diǎn)11paint的用法教材原句Somepeoplemightsaytheyaregoingtotakeupahobbylikepaintingortakingphotos,..有些人可能會說他們將培養(yǎng)某種愛好，比如畫畫、攝影·····.（P45)用法paint做動詞，意為“用顏料畫；在······上刷油漆”。Sheispaintingapicture.她正在畫一幅畫。Theyaregoingtopaintthehouseblue.他們打算把房子刷成藍(lán)色。拓展paint的派生詞：paintern.畫家；paintern.油漆工；paintingn.畫畫（不可數(shù)名詞）；paintingn.(一幅）畫，水彩畫（可數(shù)名詞）。Thegirlisinterestedinpainting.那個女孩對畫畫感興趣。Thisisoneofmyfavoritepaintings.這是我最喜歡的一幅畫。知識點(diǎn)12question的用法教材原句Toquestiontheideaofmakingresolutions對下決心這種想法提出質(zhì)疑（P46)用法question做動詞，意為“表示疑問；懷疑；提問；質(zhì)詢”；做名詞，意為“問題”。一言辨異Ialwaysaskquestionsaboutmyillness.Idon'tquestionthedoctor's題。我不懷疑醫(yī)生的決定。辨析question,problemquestion強(qiáng)調(diào)提出的問題需要回答。answerthequestion回答問題problem強(qiáng)調(diào)的是難題、數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題等，側(cè)重于解決。problem還用于口語中，noproblem沒問題。solvetheproblem解決問題一言辨異Ifyouworkoutthismathproblem,youcananswerthequestion.如果你算出來這道數(shù)你就可以回答這個問題。知識點(diǎn)13own的用法教材原句Thefirstresolutionisaboutmyownpersonalimprovement.第一個決心與自我提升有關(guān)。（P47)用法own做形容詞，意為“自己的；本人的”。Thisismyownbusiness.這是我自己的事情。拓展owner指“擁有者，所有者”。own做動詞，意為“擁有”。Whoownsthiscar?誰擁有這輛車？固定搭配onone'sown單獨(dú)；獨(dú)自（相當(dāng)于byoneself或alone).Youshoulddothehomeworkonyourown.你該獨(dú)立完成作業(yè)。提示owner是own的派生詞，owner是名詞，意為“所有者；物主”。Heistheownerofthehouse.他是那所房子的主人。知識點(diǎn)14personal的用法教材原句Thefirstresolutionisaboutmyownpersonalimprovement.第一個決心與自我提升有關(guān)。（P47)用法personal做形容詞，意為“個人的；私人的。其名詞person意為“人”。Inperson親自。MayIaskyouapersonalquestion我可以問你一個私人問題嗎？Hewillbepresentatthemeetinginperson.他將親自參加會議。拓展personn.個人；本人→personaladj.個人的；本人的→personaladv.親自地（修飾動詞）。知識點(diǎn)15meaningn.意義；意思教材原句TogivethemeaningofresolutionDifferentflowershavedifferentmeanings.不同的花有不同的意義。What'sthemeaningofsth.?=Whatdo/doessth.mean?某物的意思是什么？What'sthemeaningofthisword?這個單詞的意思是什么？【即學(xué)即練11】Couldyoupleasetellmethethepassage?解析themeaningof...意為“····的意思”故答案為meaningof知識點(diǎn)16discuss/v.討論；商量教材原句Todiscussthedifferentkindsofresolutions用法discuss作動詞，相當(dāng)于talkabout。Discuss“和某人商量某事”。Theengineerswilldiscusstheprojectwiththemanagerofthepany.工程師們將會和公司經(jīng)理討論那個項(xiàng)目。WehadadiscussionwiththemaboutthedifferencesbetweenBritainandtheUS.我們和他們討論了英美兩國的不同之處?！炯磳W(xué)即練12】Ifyouwouldliketo（討論）thematterfurther,pleasecallme.答案：discuss解析：橫線前面已經(jīng)有動詞不定式to,故橫線處填動詞原形。能力拓展能力拓展考法01too...to...的用法（高頻考點(diǎn)）教材原句Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttokeep.有時也許是因?yàn)闆Q心太難而無法堅持。（P45)用法too...to...意為“太······以至于不能······”，to是不定式符號，后接動詞原形。若邏輯主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，則需用for引出。Thewateristoodirtytodrink.這水太臟了，不能喝。Englishistoodifficultformetoread.對我來說讀英語太難了。中考重要考點(diǎn)too...to...可轉(zhuǎn)化為“not+形容詞／副詞＋enoughtodo”和“so...that...not...”結(jié)構(gòu)，在與“not+形容詞／副詞十enoughtodo”轉(zhuǎn)化時，其中的形容詞／副詞是too...to...中形容詞／副詞的反義詞。Hissonistooyoungtogotoschool.＝Hissonisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.他兒子太小了不能上學(xué)。Theproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.＝TheproblemissodifficultthatIcan'tworkitout.這道題太難了，我解不出來?！镜淅?】Themaninblueisoldtofinishthedifficulttaskinsuchashorttime.解析考查固定用法。句意：穿藍(lán)衣服的那個人太老了，以至于不能在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)。too...to...表示“太·····而不能······”，故選A.分層提分分層提分題組A基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)練一、單詞填空1．Wemusttakeours______seriously.2．Agoodb________makesagoodending.3．Markplaysbasketballwellandhewantstojointheschoolbasketballt_________________.4．AmericanPresidentTrumpp______tovisitChinainNovemberthisyearandhesaidhewouldhaveanofficial(官方的)talkwithPresidentXi.5．—Themathq____________istoodifficult.Ican’tanswerit.—Letmehelpyou.6．Thenewspaperesoutw________—everyMonday.7．Ithinkyoushouldhaveacloser________withyourclassmates.8．Excuseme,couldyoutellmethem________oftheslogan(標(biāo)語；口號)onthewall?9．Healwayskeepsondoingp________exercisesinthepark.10．MayIaskyouap________question?11．—What'syour

h________？—Writingsongs.12．Ilikeplayingbasketballalot.It’smy________.13．Manypeoplewearfacemasksinordertoprotect_________againstCOVID19.14．Ihavesomethingimportantto________withyouthroughvideotalk.15．—Howmany________countriesdidyoutraveltothissummerholiday?

—None.IjusttravelledinChina.二、漢譯英：單詞/短語1．練習(xí)做某事____2．繼續(xù)做某事____3．取得好成績____4．外語____5．一種____6．和某人討論某事____7．在……的開端____8．學(xué)著做，開始做____9．和……有關(guān)系____10．制定周計劃____題組B能力提升練一、完形填空I'msixteennowandI'mstudyinginahighschool.Letmetellyoumycolorfulplansaboutmy___1___.I'mgoingtofinishhighschool___2___twoyears,andthenI'mgoingin___3___forfouryears.I'mgoingtostudy___4___becauseaftercollegeI'mgoingtowork___5___alanguageteacher.Whileatcollege,I'malsogoingtotakeaputercourse___6___I'mgoingtousetheputerinmy___7___.Also,I'mgoingtoplay___8___tokeephealthyatcollege.Ireallyenjoytraveling.Sobeforegoingtowork,I'mgoingtotravel.To___9___themoneytotravel,I'mgoingtosavemoneyforsix___10___.I'mgoingtostartmytravel___11___Egypt.I'mgoingtoseethepyramidsand___12___acamel(akindofanimallivingindeserts).Ofcourse,I'mgoingto___13___alotofphotosonmytripsothatIcanrememberit.I'mgoingtoworkhardonmystudiesandmyjob.I'mnotgoingtogetmarried___14___I'malittleolder.Iwillwritealetterto___15___andreadit20yearslater.ThenIcanknowifmydreamestrue.1．A．future B．study C．dream D．relationship2．A．before B．a(chǎn)fter C．in D．a(chǎn)t3．A．parties B．college C．work D．town4．A．medicine B．math C．cook D．language5．A．for B．with C．by D．a(chǎn)s6．A．but B．so C．a(chǎn)nd D．because7．A．schoolwork B．work C．a(chǎn)rticle D．hobby8．A．sports B．theviolin C．games D．cards9．A．get B．spend C．take D．borrow10．A．seconds B．a(chǎn)t C．months D．years11．A．on B．to C．with D．a(chǎn)t12．A．ride B．buy C．make D．sell13．A．paint B．take C．see D．show14．A．if B．because C．between D．until15．A．yourself B．herself C．myself D．itself二、補(bǔ)全對話7選5根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對話，其中有兩項(xiàng)多余?！睺imjustwonthetennispetition.Areporterisinterviewing(采訪)him.〕A:Tim,congratulations(祝賀)onwinningfirstprizeinthetennispetition.B:Thankyou.A:OK,somequestions.Haha...____1____B:15yearsold.A:15?___2___B:WhenIwasthree.A:Whotaughtyoutoplayit?B:Myfather.___3___A:Oh.Howmanydaysaweekdoyouplaytennis?B:Aboutthreeorfour.Iwanttopracticeeveryday,butmyparentssaythreeorfourdaysisenough.A:____4___B:Certainly.Iwanttobeaprofessional(職業(yè)的)tennisplayerwhenIgrowup.A:____5____B:Thanksalot.A．Howoldareyou?B．Whydoyoulikeit?C．Whichisyourfavoritetennisclub?D．So,whendidyoustartplayingtennis?E．Wishyoumoresuccessinthefuture!F．Areyougoingtogoonwithyourtennis?G．AndItaketennislessonsinatennisclub,too三、多句選詞填空用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空mean；own；hobby；improve；team1．Growingvegetablesisoneofmygrandpa's__.2．Samwantstojointheschoolfootball____.3．Thechildrenareoldenoughtohavetheir_____bedrooms.4．Iwanttorememberhowyouaregoing____yourselfthisyear.5．OurEnglishteacheristryingtomakeusknowthe____ofthenewword.四、英漢互譯：單詞/短語1．beableto________2．________在……開始3．________寫下；記錄下4．havetodowith________5．takeup________6．________同意；贊成題組C培優(yōu)拔尖練（中考真題）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．Mygrandmotherisgoingto________ahobbylikeshoppingontheInternet.A．takeup B．lookup C．getup2．Ifyouworkhardandbelievein_________,thenyoushouldhaveachancetosucceed.A．myself B．ourselves C．yourself D．themselves3．—Didyoumakethekite________,kids?—No,ourunclemadeitforus.A．yourselves B．yourself C．themselves4．Myparentsaretoooldtolookafter_________,sotheylivewithme.A．himself B．themselves C．myself D．yourselves5．—Iwon’tbelatenexttime.—________?A．Understand B．Guess C．Agree D．Promise6．—SomeChinesegovernmentofficershaveturnedintolivestreamers（網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播）.—Yes.They’retryingtheirbesttohelplocalfarmersto____________

productsales.A．pare B．improve C．a(chǎn)fford D．provide7．Themaninblueis__________oldtofinishthedifficulttaskin