高中英語必修四第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義及習(xí)題

必修4UNIT1Unit1achievementn.成就；功績(jī);實(shí)現(xiàn)achievev.實(shí)現(xiàn)（dream,goal等）welfaren.福利；福利事業(yè)projectn.項(xiàng)目；工程；規(guī)劃instituten.學(xué)會(huì)；學(xué)院；協(xié)會(huì)△ChinaWelfareInstitute中國福利基金會(huì)specialistn.專家；專業(yè)工作者ist為后綴的意思是：從事.......的人scientist;novelist;violinist;pianist;psychologist等specializevi.專攻；專門從事；專注于和in連用Many

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specialize

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speaking,

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reading.chimpn.（非洲）黑猩猩connectionn.連接；關(guān)系humanbeing人類此單詞不要覺得奇怪，就是指人類的意思，也可以human單獨(dú)用，也可以being單獨(dú)用，單復(fù)數(shù)不需要知道campaignn.運(yùn)動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役vi.作戰(zhàn)；參加運(yùn)動(dòng)war“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”的總稱，一般包括多個(gè)戰(zhàn)役的大規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。battle“戰(zhàn)斗”，指有組織的武裝部隊(duì)之間的戰(zhàn)斗，有持續(xù)幾小時(shí)的，也有持續(xù)幾天的。campaign“戰(zhàn)役”，指在某一地區(qū)所進(jìn)行的一連串有固定目的的軍事行動(dòng)，規(guī)模比battle大，比如淮海戰(zhàn)役；還用來表“政治或商業(yè)性的活動(dòng)、競(jìng)選活動(dòng)，比如五四運(yùn)動(dòng)等。organizationn.組織；機(jī)構(gòu)；團(tuán)體behavevt.&vi.舉動(dòng)；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn)behaviour(=behavior)行為；舉止；習(xí)性shaden.蔭；陰涼處vt.遮住光線moveoff離開；起程；出發(fā)相近意思的有：startoff;setoffGil

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off.worthwhileadj.值得的；值得做的nestn.巢；窩bondn.聯(lián)系；關(guān)系；結(jié)合；紐帶observevt.觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守此單詞很多同學(xué)都只記得住一個(gè)意思：觀察。但高考也經(jīng)?？剂硗庖粋€(gè)意思：遵守，經(jīng)常會(huì)忘記。Anyonewhocomesheremustobservetherules.Weshouldobservethelocalcustoms.observationn.觀察；觀測(cè)childhoodn.童年；幼年時(shí)代outspokenadj.直言的；坦誠respectvt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意arguevt.&vi.討論；辯論；爭(zhēng)論argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵entertainmentn.款待；娛樂；娛樂表演(此單詞好多學(xué)生老是知道意思也不會(huì)翻譯）Youhaveyourwork,yourentertainmentandyourfriends.Televisionhasresplacedfilmasourcountry'smostpopularformofentertainment.leada…life過著……的生活crowdn.人群；觀眾vt.擠滿；使擁擠crowdin（想法、問題等）涌上心頭；涌入腦海inspirevt.鼓舞；激發(fā)；啟示inspiring鼓舞人心的，令人鼓舞的△inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞supportn.&vt.支持；擁護(hù)lookdownupon/on蔑視；瞧不起refervi.談到；查閱；參考referto查閱；參考；談到此句型高考經(jīng)常考，但是要準(zhǔn)確翻譯其意思確實(shí)要多注意audiencen.觀眾；聽眾；讀者bychance碰巧；湊巧byaccidentcomeacross（偶然）遇見；碰見IcameacrossmyfriendswhenIwasshopping.careern.事業(yè)；生涯Job泛指工作，Career是指事業(yè)，這是值得個(gè)人投注一生心力，，作為一個(gè)老師，我的Career就是教師，而他的Job是由學(xué)校來提供的，他可以在不同的學(xué)校教書。Profession所指的職業(yè)是需要在文科或理科方面有一定的教育程度，具備一定理論水平的人才的職業(yè)。通常指腦力勞動(dòng)raten.比率；速度sicknessn.疾??；惡心intendvt.計(jì)劃；打算intendtodosth.beintendedtodoemergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況generationn.一代；一輩generationgap：代溝gap：縫隙，缺口，溝壑△determinationn.決心；果斷kindnessn.仁慈；好意considerateadj.考慮周到的considerationn.考慮；體諒delivervt.遞送；生（小孩兒）；接生；發(fā)表（演說等）carryon繼續(xù)；堅(jiān)持carryout=perform執(zhí)行，履行Thegroupofsoldierscarriedoutasecretmilitaryactiontheotherday．A.Anewscenewouldbefilmed.B.Morestarswouldactinthefilm.C.Theauthorwouldleavethestudio.D.Thenextscenewouldbeprepared.高考英語（適合AB班做）ThepacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thenwhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Strip-miningtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate.Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasalmostfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately＄433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.56.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.ToseekhelpforNauru’sproblems.B.Togiveawarningtoothercountries.C.Toshowtheimportanceofmoney.D.Totellaheartbreakingstoryofawar.57.WhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeanscame?A.Richandpowerful.B.Modernandopen.C.PeacefulandattractiveD.Greedyandaggressive.58.TheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom____.A.soilpollutionB.phosphateoverminingC.farmingactivityD.whalehunting59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney.B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland.C.Itsphosphateminingcostmuchmoney.D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.60.WhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastparagraph?A.Theecologicaldamageisdifficulttorepair.B.Theleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsseriously.C.TheislandwasabandonedbytheNauruans.D.Thephosphateminesweredestroyed.高考真題（適合A班做）MoneyMattersParentsshouldhelptheirchildrenunderstandmoney.71soyoumaystarttallkingaboutmoneywhenyourchildshowsaninterestinbuyingthings,candyortoys,forexample.ThebasicfunctionofmoneyBeingexplainingthebasicfunctionofmoneybyshowinghowpeopletrademoneyforgoodsorservices.it’simportanttoshowyourchildhowmoneyistradedforthethinghewantstohave.Ifhewantstohaveatoy,givehimthemoneyandlethimhandthemoneytothecashier.72whenyourchildgrowsabitolderandunderstandsthebasicfunctionofmoney,youcanstartexplainingmorecomplexwaysofusingmoney.2.MoneylessonsApproachmoneylessonswithopennessandhonesty.73Ifyoumustsaynotoachild’srequesttospendmoney,explain,”Youhaveenoughtoytrucksfornow.”O(jiān)r,iftherequestisformanydifferentthings,say.“Youhavetomakeachoicebetweenthistoyandthattoy.”3.74Beginatthegrocerystore.Pickputsimilarbrandsofaproduct—anamebrandbutterandageneric(無商標(biāo)產(chǎn)品),forexample.Youcanshowyourchildhowtomakechoicesbetweendifferentbrandsofaproductsothatyoucansavemoney.75Ifhechoosesthecheaperbrand,allowhimtomakeanotherpurchasewiththemoneysaved.Later,youmayexplainshowthemoreexpensivechoiceleaveslessmoneyforotherpurchases.A.wisedecision.B.Thevalueofmoney.C.Permitthechildwhyhecan—orcannot—havecertainthings.D.Talkyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.E.Askyourselfwhatthingsthatcostmoneyaremostimportanttoyou.F.Talkabouthowthemoneyboughtthethingafteryouleavethetoystore.G.Thebesttimetoteachachildanythingaboutmoneyiswhenheshowsaninterest.高考真題（適合B班做）MostpeopleknowthatMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrize,andthefirstpersontowinittwice.However,fewpeopleknowthatshewasalsothemotherofaNobelPrizewinner.BorninSeptember,1987,IreneCuriewasthefirstoftheCuries’twodaughters.Alongwithnineotherchildrenwhoseparentswerealsofamousscholars,Irenestudiedintheirownschool,andhermotherwasoneoftheteachers.ShefinishedherhighschooleducationattheCollegeofSévignéinParis.IreneenteredtheUniversityofParisin1914toprepareforadegreeinmathematicsandphysics.WhenWorldWarIbegan,Irenewenttohelphermother,whowasusingX-rayfacilities（設(shè)備）Likehermother,Irenecombinedfamilyandcareer.Likehermother,IrenewasawardedaNobelPrize,alongwithherhusband,in1935.Unfo