高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 知識點總結(jié) 冠詞

高考對冠詞的考查每年幾乎都有一道題，而且都設(shè)兩個填空，以增加難度和覆蓋面?？忌诠谠~試題上失分較多，主要是缺乏語感，對一些知識點掌握不夠透徹。高考冠詞主要考查其基本用法，包括定冠詞與不定冠詞的區(qū)別用法、名詞前省略冠詞的場合、特指與泛指的區(qū)分以及習(xí)語中冠詞的用法等?？键c一、考查不定冠詞a/an表示個別或泛指的用法1.Howabouttaking_____shortbreak?Iwanttomake_____call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a【解析】答案為D。takeashortbreak“休息一會兒”，makeacall“打一個電話”。2.Christmasis_____specialholidaywhen_____wholefamilyaresupposedtogettogether.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the【解析】答案為D。aspecialholiday指“某一個特別的節(jié)日”;thewholefamily為特指?？键c二、考查定冠詞the特指某一個人或事物的用法1.Ilookedunder_____bedandfoundbooksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.the;不填【解析】答案為B。此題中的thebed和thebooks都為特指。thebed指“所看的床”;thebooks指“所丟的書”。2.Ilike_____colorofyourskirt.Itisgoodmatchforyourblouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the【解析】答案為C。thecolor指“你襯衫的顏色”;agoodmatch泛指“和你的外套相配的一種好顏色”。考點三、考查不定冠詞及零冠詞的習(xí)慣搭配1.Georgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMr.Anderson,buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurch.A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a【解析】答案為C。aSunday泛指某一個星期天;atchurch為固定搭配，不用冠詞，意為“在做禮拜”。2.Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoon_____balanceddietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;a【解析】答案為A。abalanceddiet泛指“一種平衡的飲食”;makeroom為固定搭配，意為“騰出空間”?？键c四、考查不定冠詞在具體化的抽象名詞前的用法1.—Howabout_____Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas_____success.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;不填D.the;不填【解析】答案為B。theChristmaseveningparty為特指剛結(jié)束的圣誕晚會;asuccess考查抽象名詞具體化時的不定冠詞用法。success原為抽象名詞，不可數(shù),但在此處已經(jīng)完全具體化而變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。題中asuccess意為“一次成功的晚會”。當抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、情感、情緒的人和事時，這個抽象名詞已經(jīng)變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞，再如Whatapleasantsurpriseyougaveus!意為“你真的給我們帶來了驚喜”?！揪x試題】名校模擬題及其答案1(鹽城中學(xué)高一年級12月份階段考試，21)We’llbetravelingby________camelacrossthedesertbeforewegoto________university.A./;theB.the;/C./;/D.the;a2(沈陽二中2008—2009學(xué)年度上學(xué)期12月月考，8)RichardPowers’TheEchoMaker,____novelsetin___smalltownofKearney,Nebraska,US,haswonthe57thUSNationalBookAwardforfiction.A.the;theB.a;a;C.a;theD./;the3(遼寧省營口市08-09學(xué)年普通高中高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測，1)Heisin____controlofthecompany.Imean,thecompanyisin____controlofhim.A.the;/B./;theC.the;theD./;/4(銀川市實驗中學(xué)2009屆高三年級第三次月考，33)NowthatTomhates_______school,theschoolbecomes_______prisontohimA.a;aB./;aC.a;/D./;/5(寧夏銀川一中2009屆高三年級第三次月考，21)In_____preparationforthelaunchingofShenzhouⅦ,scientistsneed______knowledgeofweatherchanges.A.the;theB.a;∕C.∕;aD.the;a6(山東濟南高二英語08-09期末統(tǒng)考試題，33)Becauseof______highdemandforTypeABblood,______suppliesofitareusuallylimited.A.the;theB.不填;不填C.不填;theD.a;the7.Thesignreads“Incaseof____fire,breaktheglassandpush____redbutton.”A.不填;aB.不填;theC.the;theD.a;a8.Iearn10dollars____houras____supermarketcashieronSaturdays.A.a;anB.the;aC.an;aD.an;the9.There’s____dictionaryon____deskbyyourside.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the10.—Whereismyblueshirt?—It’sinthewashingmachine.Youhavetowear____differentone.A.anyB.theC.aD.other11.Ifyouhavegottemperaturewithoutcoughingandheadache，perhapsyouhavecaughtcold.Juststayinbed.Don’tthinkthatyouhavegotHINl.Athe;the;不填Ba;a;不填C.a;the;theDa：a：the12Asglobalwarmingcontinuestobemajorconcernforthefutureofourplanet，peoplearestartingtoturntogmenlivingpracticestohelpsaveitforfuturegenerations.A.a：theB.a;不填C不填;theD.the;the13.Everyseconddayhewenttothelibraryforsomebookstoread.Butafterapageortwo，hewouldputthebookdownandpickupnewoneA.the：aB不填;齜Cth。;theD不填;a14Theeducationofyounghasbecomehotandserioustopicinthepresentsociety.Athe;不填B.a;theC.不填;theDthe;a15Hehasgoodknowledgeofmanyforeignlanguages，andoneofthemisEnglishwhichislanguagespokenbymanypeopleintheworld.Athe：aB.a;theC.a;aD.the;the16Throughouthistorynanhashadtoacceptfactthatalllivingthingsmustdie.Athe：theB。;aC不填;theD不填;不填17一Wasproblemsolved?一Weweretryingtothinkofwayout，butitwasimpossibletofindone.Aa：theBthe;aC.the;不填D。;。18.Iaminchargeoftheclasswhichwasinchargeofmywife.A.不填：theB不填;不填Cthe;不填Dthe;the19Whilemusicisjustso-so，storyinthisTVplayisquitemovingAthe：theB不填;不填C.the;aD不填;the20.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization，healthcareplansareneededinallbigcitiestopreventspreadofAIDSAthe：theB.th。;不填C.a;aD不填;the21NowadaysIntenetisbecomingincreasinglypopularandnewhighspeedbroadbandnetworkhasrecentlystarted.Aa;theBthe;aCa;aDthe;the22.WemadeXiaoMingmonitorattheclassmeetinglastSaturday，sincetenstudentshavebeenlookingaftertheoldmanbyturns，includingmonitorAour;不填B不填;theC.the;theD.a;our23Itwasreposedbytheforeignmediathatthe29thBeijingOlympicGameswasuniqueandsuccessfuleventinOlympichistory.Aa;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the24Asisknown，itwasHuJintao，presideminournation，whogavelectureattheopeningceremonyofBeijingOlympics。Athe;aBthe;不填C;theD不填;a25Loveiswayoflife，butnotaimofitA.the;theB.a;theCa;allD.the;an26Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonbalanceddietandmakeroominheirdayforexercise.A.the;不填Bthe;aCthe;theD不填;a271wantedtocatchearlytrain，butcouldn’tgetridetothestationAan;theB不填;theCan;不填Dthe;a28Gorgecouldn’trememberwhenhefirstmetMrAnderson.buthewassureitwasSundaybecauseeverybodywasatchurchA不填;theBthe;不填C;不填D不填：a29Polarbearslivemostlyonseaice，whichtheyuseasplatformforhuntingseals。A.a;aB.a;theC不填;aDthe;不填30.waIkisexpectedtolastallday，sobringpackedlunchA.A;aB.The;不填C.The;aD.A;不填——答案與解析——1.C【解析】by+camel表示乘坐交通工具，中間不用任何冠詞;gotouniversity上大學(xué)固定搭配。2C【解析】一本小說，可數(shù);特指某個城鎮(zhèn)，用定冠詞。3B【解析】incontrolof人控制某事某物;inthecontrolof某事某物在人的控制下。4B【解析】學(xué)校專有名詞這個時候不加，泛指;像一座監(jiān)獄，可數(shù)名詞。5C【解析】inpreparationfor固定搭配;aknowledgeof某一門知識，這個時候可數(shù)。6D【解析】ademandfor固定搭配一個…需求;專指前面AB血型的供給。7B【解析】fire表示火，抽象不可數(shù)，那個紅色的按鈕特指。8C【解析】一個小時可數(shù)，而且讀音開頭是元音，所以用an;作為一個超市收銀員也是泛指可數(shù).9.A【解析】桌子上有一本詞典，不具體所指;你身邊的桌子特指。10.C【解析】泛指另外一件T恤。11B。【解析】第一空和第二空是抽象名詞具體化。此時temperature表示發(fā)燒,cold表示感冒，應(yīng)加不定冠詞。第三空inbed是固定短語，意為躺在床上。12B?！窘馕觥康谝豢沼貌欢ü谠~，表示人們關(guān)心的事情之一;第二窄空后而是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，前面不加冠詞。13.D?！窘馕觥?Everysecondday每隔一天，中間不加冠詞;第二空表示泛指，用不定冠詞a，所以答案選D。14D?！窘馕觥康谝豢誸heyoung是定冠詞加形容詞可表示一類人;第二空表示泛指一個，此處意為已經(jīng)成為一個熱門而義嚴肅的話題。15B?！窘馕觥縣aveagoodknowledgeof對……很了解;第二空表示特指，因為后面有定語修飾。16C。【解析】history為抽象名詞，其前不加冠詞;fact后帶有同位語.應(yīng)表示特指，所以答案選C。17B?！窘馕觥康谝豢罩刚f話雙方都知道的事情，所以用定冠詞;第二空的意思是想出一個好方法，way是可數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)該用不定冠詞，因此答案選B。18A.【解析】句意：我在管理由我妻子管理的班級。inchargeof負責，管理，其主語通