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高中學生英語口語課堂消極參與及其對策的實證研究的中期報告AbstractInrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingconcernabouttheparticipationlevelsinEnglishoralclassesamongChinesehighschoolstudents.Thisstudyaimstoexplorethereasonsbehindthelowlevelsofparticipationandidentifyeffectivestrategiestoenhanceoralparticipation.Theresearchincludesclassroomobservations,studentinterviews,andsurveys.Thefindingssuggestthattheprimaryreasonsforlowparticipationareanxiety,lackofconfidence,anddisinterestinthetopic.Thestrategiesthatcanimproveparticipationincludecreatingacomfortableandsupportiveclassroomenvironment,reducinganxietythroughactivitiessuchasrole-playingandgames,andprovidingmoreinterestingandrelevanttopics.ThestudyprovidespracticalimplicationsforEnglishteachersinhighschoolsandcontributestotheunderstandingofthefactorsthatinfluencestudentparticipationinoralclasses.IntroductionEnglishoralcommunicationisacrucialcomponentoflanguagelearningasitenablesstudentstocommunicateeffectivelywithothersinEnglish.TheabilitytospeakEnglishfluentlyandconfidentlyisbecominganessentialskillintoday'sglobalsociety,whereEnglishisthedominantlanguageforcommunicationinmanyareassuchasacademia,business,andtourism.However,despitetheimportanceoforalcommunication,manyChinesehighschoolstudentslackconfidenceandmotivationinEnglishoralclasses.ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatethereasonsbehindthelowlevelsofparticipationamongChinesehighschoolstudentsinEnglishoralclassesanddetermineeffectivestrategiestoenhancestudents'participation.Thestudyincludesclassroomobservations,studentinterviews,andsurveys.LiteraturereviewManystudieshaveinvestigatedthefactorsthatinfluenceoralcommunicationandparticipationinEnglishclasses.Oneofthemostsignificantfactorsisanxiety.ResearchhasshownthatmanyChinesestudentsexperienceanxietywhenspeakingEnglish,whichhinderstheirabilitytoparticipateinoralclasses(Horwitzetal.,1986).Students'lackofconfidenceintheirEnglishspeakingabilitycanalsoaffecttheirparticipation(Chambers,1999).Additionally,thetopicofdiscussioncancontributetothelevelofparticipation;ifthetopicisuninterestingorirrelevant,studentsarelesslikelytoparticipate(Zhong&Pan,2018).SeveralstrategieshavealsobeenidentifiedaseffectiveforimprovingparticipationinEnglishoralclasses.Creatingasupportiveandcomfortableclassroomenvironmentcanhelpstudentsfeelmoreateaseandconfidentinspeaking(Boudreau&Hedgcock,2006).Usingrole-playingandgamescanalsoreduceanxietyandpromoteparticipation(Baba&Fukushima,2016).Finally,providingrelevantandinterestingtopicscanstimulatestudents'interestintheconversation(Savignon,2007).ResearchquestionsBasedontheliteraturereviewandobservationsinEnglishoralclasses,thestudyaimstoanswerthefollowingresearchquestions:1.WhatarethereasonsbehindthelowlevelsofparticipationamongChinesehighschoolstudentsinEnglishoralclasses?2.WhatstrategiescanbeemployedtoenhanceparticipationamongChinesehighschoolstudentsinEnglishoralclasses?MethodologyTheresearchincludesclassroomobservations,studentinterviews,andsurveys.ClassroomobservationswereconductedinthreehighschoolsindifferentregionsofChina.TheobservationsfocusedontheparticipationlevelsofthestudentsinEnglishoralclasses.Studentinterviewswereconductedwith30studentsfromthethreehighschools,andthesurveywasadministeredto100students.Thesurveyincludedquestionsaboutthestudents'attitudestowardsEnglishoralclassesandthefactorsthatinfluencetheirparticipation.DataanalysisThedatacollectedfromclassroomobservations,studentinterviews,andsurveyswereanalyzedusingthematicanalysis.Theresultswerethencategorizedintothemes,whichwereusedtoanswertheresearchquestions.PreliminaryresultsThepreliminaryresultsshowthatthemainreasonsforlowparticipationareanxiety,lackofconfidence,anddisinterestinthetopic.ManystudentsexpressedanxietyaboutspeakingEnglishinfrontoftheirpeersandfearmakingmistakes.ThelackofconfidenceintheirEnglishspeakingabilityalsohinderedtheirparticipation.Furthermore,somestudentsfoundthetopicsdiscussedinclasstobeuninterestingandirrelevanttotheirlives.Thepreliminaryresultsalsoindicatethatcreatingasupportiveandcomfortableclassroomenvironment,reducinganxietythroughactivitiessuchasrole-playingandgames,andprovidingmoreinterestingandrelevanttopicscanimproveparticipationinEnglishoralclasses.ConclusionThestudyprovidesinsightsintothereasonsbehindthelowlevelsofparticipationamongChinesehighschoolstudentsinEnglishoralclassesandidentifiesstrategiesthatcanenhanceparticipation.Thestudyhighlightstheimportanceofcreatingasupportiveandcomfortableclassroomenvironment,reducinganxiety,andprovidingrelevantandinterestingtopicstopromotepart
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