山西省忻州市名校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合質(zhì)量檢測英語試卷含答案解析

高三英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Wherearethespeakersprobably?A．Atabusstop.B．Atschool.C．Athome.2．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Orderfood.B．Askforthemenu.C．Leavetherestaurant.3．Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A．Tocancelavisit.B．Tomakeanappointment.C．Togivesomeinformation.4．Whatdidthespeakersdolastweek?A．Theymovedtheirhouse.B．Theystayedatahotel.C．Theymadeaspecialmeal.5．Whoisthewomanprobably?A．Ateacher.B．Astudent.C．Aheadteacher.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatdoesthegirlhopetodoatfirst?A．Haveatalkwiththeman.B．Findanactressfortheschoolplay.C．Receiveaninvitationfromtheman.7．Whenistheschoolplay?A．ThisMonday.B．Nextweek.C．Nextmonth.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhyisPaulinevisitingthechildren?A．Topainttheirschool.B．Tosupplynewclothes.C．Togivethemanartproject.9．WhatisJohn'sconcernaboutchildren?A．Theymaygettheirclothesdirty.B．Theymaygethurt.C．Theymayperformbadly.10．Whatwillhappenintheschooltomorrowevening?A．Workwillbemarked.B．Parentswillpayavisit.C．Childrenwilldrawpictures.聽第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11．WheredidPhilipgoonhistriptoday?A．Afarm.B．Acastle.C．Afactory.12．WhatdoesPhilipwanttodo?A．Travelabroad.B．Payanothervisit.C．Readabouthistory.13．WhatdoesthewomansuggestPhilipdo?A．Readabook.B．Watchaseries.C．Buyacomputer.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhatdoesJohnthinkabouttheCity-Theatre?A．It’ssmall.B．It’sclose.C．It’scrowded.15．WhatisLiz'spurposeofmakingthephonecall?A．Toaskafavour.B．TogiveJohnsometickets.C．Tosharedetailsofashow.16．WhereisLiznow?A．Ataconcert.B．Athome.C．Atwork.17．WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJohnandLiz?A．Friends.B．Fellowworkers.C．Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Doingexercise.B．Choosingacareer.C．Learninglanguages.19．Howmanyyearshasthespeakerdevotedtoteaching?A．2.B．3.C．5.20．Whatdoesthespeakergainfromteaching?A．Communicationskills.B．Activeimagination.C．Fullhealth.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOfthetop10mostexpensiverailconstructionprojectsstartingin2022,fivearelocatedinAsia.Hereare4expensiverailwaysinChina.Nantong-NingboHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY108.9bnTheprojectaimstoreducethetraveltimebetweenthecitiesofNantongandNingbo.Itinvolvestheconstructionofa309.8kmrailwaylinewithadesignspeedof350km/hwith10railwaystations.Constructionisexpectedtobecompletedbytheendof2027.Xiong’an-XinzhouHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY57.2bnTheprojectaimstobuildahigh-speedrailwaytoprovidesmoothandfastertraffic,cuttingtraveltimebetweenthetwocities.Itinvolvestheconstructionofa342kmhigh-speedrailwaylinewithadesignspeedof350km/hwith13stations.Theprojectwillbedevelopedintwosections.ConstructionworkisexpectedtobecompletedbyMarch2027,afterbreakinggroundinOctober2022.Shanghai-Nanjing-HefeiHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY157.9bnItisahigh-speedraillinefromShanghaitoNanjingandHefeiinChina.Theprojectaimstoexpandtherailwaynetworkandreducetraffic,traveltimeanddistanceintheregion.Theprojectinvolvestheconstructionofa553.76kmhigh-speedraillinewithadesignspeedof350km/hwith16stations.Itisscheduledtobecompletedinthefourthquarterof2028.Beijing-Xiong’an-ShangqiuHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY101bnItisahigh-speedrailwaylinefromFengtaiinBeijingtoXiong’aninHebeitoShangqiuinHenan.Theproject’saimistoreducetraveltimeanddistancebetweenFengtaiinBeijing,Xiong’aninHebei,andShangqiuinHenan.Theprojectinvolvestheconstructionofa638kmhigh-speedrailwaylinewithadesignspeedof350km/hwith16stations.Constructionisexpectedtobecompletedbytheendof2027.1.Whichistheshortestrailwaytobeconstructedofthefour?A.Nantong-NingboHigh-SpeedRailway.B.Xiong’an-XinzhouHigh-SpeedRailway.C.Shanghai-NanjingHefeiHigh-SpeedRailway.D.Beijing-Xiong’an-ShangqiuHigh-SpeedRailway.2.WhatisspecialaboutXiong’an-XinzhouHigh-SpeedRailway?A.Ithasthehighestdesignspeed.B.Itdemandstheleastinvestment.C.Itaimstoreducethetraveltime.D.ItgoespastChongqingandShangqiu.3.Whatdothelasttworailwayshaveincommon?A.Theybothhave16stations.B.Theybothconstructintwosections.C.Theybothincludeundergroundlines.D.Theyareexpectedtobecompletedby2027.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了2022年中國啟動的四條高鐵路線?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nantong-NingboHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY108.9bn部分中的“Itinvolvestheconstructionofa309.8kmrailwayline(它涉及一條309.8公里長的鐵路線的建設(shè))”，Xiong’an-XinzhouHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY57.2bn部分中的“Itinvolvestheconstructionofa342kmhigh-speedrailwayline(它涉及一條342公里長的高速鐵路線的建設(shè))”，Shanghai-Nanjing-HefeiHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY157.9bn部分中的“Theprojectinvolvestheconstructionofa553.76kmhigh-speedrailline(該項(xiàng)目包括建設(shè)一條553.76公里的高速鐵路線)”和Beijing-Xiong’an-ShangqiuHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY101bn部分中的“Theprojectinvolvestheconstructionofa638kmhigh-speedrailwayline(該項(xiàng)目包括建設(shè)一條638公里的高速鐵路線)”可知，Nantong-NingboHigh-SpeedRailway.(南通-寧波的高鐵)是四條鐵路中最短的，故選A。2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Nantong-NingboHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY108.9bn(南通—寧波高鐵：1089億元)”，“Xiong’an-XinzhouHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY57.2bn(雄安—忻州高鐵：572億元)”，“Shanghai-Nanjing-HefeiHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY157.9bn(上?！戏屎细哞F：1579億元)”和“Beijing-Xiong’an-ShangqiuHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY101bn(北京—雄安—商丘高鐵：1010億元)”可知，雄安—忻州高鐵的特別之處在于它是投資最少的，故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Shanghai-Nanjing-HefeiHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY157.9bn部分中的“with16stations(有16個站)”和Beijing-Xiong’an-ShangqiuHigh-SpeedRailway:CNY101bn部分中的“with16stations(有16個站)”可知，這兩條高鐵的共同之處在于它們都有16站，故選A。BBostonMarathonrunnersinrecentyearsmayhaveseenasmilingfurryfacearoundthetwo-milemark.It’sSpencer,thetherapy(治療)dog,whobecameknownasanunofficialmascot(吉祥物)forthemarathon,He’sshownuponthesidelineseveryyearsince2015—rainorshine.OneparticularlyrainymarathoncatapultedSpencer’sfame,In2018,hisowner,RichardPowers,decidedtoputabrightyellowraincoatonthedog,makinghimstandoutevenmorethanheusuallydoes.PhotosofSpencer,whoholdsa“BostonStrong”flaginhismouth,wentviral,andhebecameaninspirationtorunnersandonlookersalike,Duringthemarathon,somerunnersstopintheirtrackstotakeselfieswiththedog-thelinesometimesgrowingto20runnerslong.Butin2020,Spencerwasdiagnosedwithatumor(腫瘤).Hisownerwasworried,butSpencerisafighter.Hegotthecareheneededandsurvived.In2021,hewasbackonthecourseanditwasreallykindofamiracleandthatreallyhithometoalotofpeople.Unfortunately,Spencercaughtanothertumor—thisonecancerous—andSpencerbeganchemotherapy.Powersdidn’tthinkhisbeloveddogwouldmakeitouttothemarathonof2022.“Miraculously,he’sstillherewithusandanevenbiggermiracle,hewasstrongenoughtogotothemarathon,”hesaid.Afterrecovering,Spencerwasbacktowork—notjustatthemarathon—butasatherapydog,alongsidehiscompanion,Penny,whoisalsoagoldentherapydog.Powerstakeshistwotherapydogsaroundtoschools,hospitalsandseniorlivingcenters.“He’sagifttousandwe’reveryluckytohavehim.He’stoogoodsowewanttosharehimwithasmanypeopleaswepossiblycan.Hedoesmakeadifference,”Powerssaid.4.WhyisSpencerreferredtoasamascotforBostonMarathon?A.Hehasasmilingfurryface. B.Heappearsattheeventannually.C.Heisnotrecognizedofficially. D.Heworksasatherapydogforrunners.5.WhatdoesSpencerbringtorunners?A.Motivation. B.Satisfaction. C.Fantasy. D.Barrier.6.WhatdidSpencergothroughin2020?AAfailureinthemarathon. B.Caringforhisowner. C.Fightingagainstadisease. D.Goingviral.7.WhatwasPowers’initialattitudetowardsSpence’sappearingatthemarathonof2022?A.Confident, B.Supportive. C.Objective. D.Negative.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一只治療犬Spencer在波士頓馬拉松比賽中的角色和影響，同時介紹了其在治療工作中的表現(xiàn)和對人們的積極影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BostonMarathonrunnersinrecentyearsmayhaveseenasmilingfurryfacearoundthetwo-milemark.It’sSpencer,thetherapy(治療)dog,whobecameknownasanunofficialmascot(吉祥物)forthemarathon,He’sshownuponthesidelineseveryyearsince2015—rainorshine.(近年來，波士頓馬拉松的跑者們可能在跑完兩英里時看到了一張微笑的毛茸茸的臉。這是一只名叫斯賓塞的治療犬，它被稱為馬拉松比賽的非官方吉祥物。自2015年以來，無論晴雨，它每年都會出現(xiàn)在場邊)”可知，因?yàn)樗磕甓汲鱿@個活動，所以斯賓塞被稱為波士頓馬拉松賽的吉祥物。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“PhotosofSpencer,whoholdsa“BostonStrong”flaginhismouth,wentviral,andhebecameaninspirationtorunnersandonlookersalike,Duringthemarathon,somerunnersstopintheirtrackstotakeselfieswiththedog-thelinesometimesgrowingto20runnerslong.(斯賓塞的照片在網(wǎng)上瘋傳，他嘴里叼著一面“BostonStrong”的旗幟，他成為了跑步者和旁觀者的一種激勵。在馬拉松比賽期間，一些跑步者在跑道上停下來和狗狗自拍，有時隊(duì)伍會長到20人)”可知，斯賓塞給跑步者帶來了激勵。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butin2020,Spencerwasdiagnosedwithatumor(腫瘤).Hisownerwasworried,butSpencerisafighter.Hegotthecareheneededandsurvived.(但在2020年，斯賓塞被診斷出患有腫瘤。他的主人很擔(dān)心，但斯賓塞是個斗士。他得到了所需的治療，活了下來)”可知，斯賓塞在2020年與疾病作斗爭。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Powersdidn’tthinkhisbeloveddogwouldmakeitouttothemarathonof2022.(鮑爾斯沒想到他心愛的狗狗會參加2022年的馬拉松比賽)”可知，鮑爾斯剛開始時，不認(rèn)為斯賓塞會參加馬拉松，所以一開始他的態(tài)度是消極的。故選D項(xiàng)。CTimeisrunningoutforcoralreefsastheclimategetshotter.Soscientistsaresearchingtheglobeforcoralsthatarebetteratenduringheat,Now,newresearchshowshowthose“supercorals”cansurvive:lessroommatedrama.Reefsdependonacrucialpartnershipbetweenthecoralsandthealgae(海藻)thatliveinthecorals’tissue,Thealgaemakefoodforthecoralsusingsunlightandinexchange,getanicespottolive.Butwhenoceansheatup,thatrelationshipgoesbad,andthecoralskickthealgaeout,Withouttheirroommates,coralscandie,turningaghostlywhite,bleached(白化)color.Still,somecoralsseemtoresistbleachingbetterthanothers,Anewstudyshowsthatthosecoralsdependonalgaethatarebetterattoleratingheat.Researchershopethatpinpointingtheseabilitieswillhelpdevelopnewconservationtoolstopreservetheworld’sreefsastemperaturesrise.About1/4ofallmarineliferelyoncoralreefsinsomeway,alongwithhalf1billionpeoplearoundtheworldalsodependonreefsfortheirfoodandlivelihoods.“Heatstresscankillalotofcoralsreallyfast,”saysKateQuigley,aresearchscientistatJamesCookUniversityandtheMinderooFoundationinAustralia.“Ihopethatnaturedoeshavesomemechanismstogetusthroughthenextfewyearswhilewegetouracttogether.”Whilethehopeisthatthosealgaecouldalsoaidinreefconservationinthefuture,researcherPatrickBuergersaysit’slikelythatitwouldn’thelpallcoralspecies.Andeventhetoughestcoralscanonlyenduresomuch.Currently,theworldisontrackforjustunder3degreesCelsiusofwarmingby2100,alevelthatwouldwipeoutnearlyallcoralreefs.“Theactionhastobeonclimatechange,”hesays.“Thisisashort-termsolutionthatmightbuysometimeforcoralstoadapt.Butthemainfocushastobeonclimate.There’snotasilverbullettotheproblem.”8.Whatisthefeatureofsupercorals?A.Sun-loving. B.Long-living. C.Good-looking. D.Heat-bearing.9.Whatcanalgaegetfromthecorals?A.Habitat. B.Food. C.Sunlight. D.Friendship.10.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph3indicate?A.Thepopulationofmarinelife. B.Theimportanceofcoralreefs.C.Theseriousnessofglobalwarming. D.Thelivingconditionsofcoralreefs.11.WhatdoesPatrickthinkofusingheat-resistantalgaeinreefconservation?A.Itisuseless B.Itisthelasthope. C.Itistemporary. D.Itisthesilverbullet.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家尋找耐高溫珊瑚以及它們與藻類的關(guān)系，旨在保護(hù)珊瑚礁并應(yīng)對氣候變化對其造成的威脅。然而，氣候變暖仍將導(dǎo)致珊瑚礁的滅絕，應(yīng)重點(diǎn)解決氣候問題?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Soscientistsaresearchingtheglobeforcoralsthatarebetteratenduringheat,Now,newresearchshowshowthose“supercorals”cansurvive....(因此，科學(xué)家們正在全球范圍內(nèi)尋找更能忍受高溫的珊瑚，現(xiàn)在，新的研究表明了這些“超級珊瑚”是如何生存的)”可知，超級珊瑚的特定是更能忍受高溫。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Reefsdependonacrucialpartnershipbetweenthecoralsandthealgae(海藻)thatliveinthecorals’tissue,Thealgaemakefoodforthecoralsusingsunlightandinexchange,getanicespottolive.(珊瑚礁依賴珊瑚和藻類之間的關(guān)鍵伙伴關(guān)系，藻類用陽光為珊瑚制造食物，換取一個舒適的棲息之地)”可知，藻類能從珊瑚中得到棲息地。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“About1/4ofallmarineliferelyoncoralreefsinsomeway,alongwithhalf1billionpeoplearoundtheworldalsodependonreefsfortheirfoodandlivelihoods.(大約四分之一的海洋生物在某種程度上依賴于珊瑚礁，世界上有5億人也依賴于珊瑚礁的食物和生計(jì))”可知，本段的數(shù)字說明文無論是動物還是人類，有很大一部分都依賴于珊瑚礁，所以此處是說明珊瑚礁的重要性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Whilethehopeisthatthosealgaecouldalsoaidinreefconservationinthefuture,researcherPatrickBuergersaysit’slikelythatitwouldn’thelpallcoralspecies.Andeventhetoughestcoralscanonlyenduresomuch.(雖然人們希望這些藻類在未來也能幫助保護(hù)珊瑚礁，但研究人員帕特里克·伯格說，這可能不會對所有的珊瑚物種都有幫助。即使是最堅(jiān)韌的珊瑚也只能承受這么多)”以及最后一段““Thisisashort-termsolutionthatmightbuysometimeforcoralstoadapt.Butthemainfocushastobeonclimate.There’snotasilverbullettotheproblem.”(“這是一個短期的解決方案，可能會為珊瑚爭取一些時間來適應(yīng)。但主要焦點(diǎn)必須放在氣候問題上。沒有解決這個問題的靈丹妙藥。”)”可知，帕特里克認(rèn)為在珊瑚礁保護(hù)中使用耐熱藻類只是暫時的。故選C項(xiàng)。DEngineeringresearchersattheUniversityofWaterlooaresuccessfullyusingarobottohelpkeepchildrenwithlearningdisabilitiesfocusingontheirwork.Thiswasoneofthekeyresultsinanewstudythatalsofoundboththeyoungstersandtheirinstructorsvaluedthepositiveclassroomcontributionsmadebytherobot.“Thereisdefinitelyagreatpotentialforusingrobotsinthepubliceducationsystem.”saidDrKerstinDautenhahn,aprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineering.“Overall,thefindingsimplythattherobothasapositiveeffectonstudents.”Studentswithlearningdisabilitiesmaybenefitfromadditionallearningsupport,suchasone-on-oneinstructionandtheuseofsmartphonesandtablets.Dautenhahnhasbeenworkingonroboticsinthecontextofdisabilityformanyyears.HeconductedaseriesoftestswithasmallhumanoidrobotcalledQT.Dautenhahnsaidtherobot’sabilitytoperformgesturesusingitsheadandhands,accompaniedbyitsspeechandfacialfeatures,makesitverysuitableforusewithchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.Buildingonpromisingearlierresearch,theresearchersdivided16studentswithlearningdisabilitiesintotwogroups.Inonegroup,studentsworkedone-on-onewithaninstructoronly.Intheothergroup,thestudentsworkedone-on-onewithaninstructorandaQT.Inthelattergroup,theinstructorusedatablettodirecttherobot,whichthenautonomouslyperformedvariousactivitiesusingitsspeechandgestures.Whiletheinstructorcontrolledthesessions,therobot,triggeredbytheinstructor,tookoveratcertaintimestoleadthestudents.Besidesintroducingthesession,therobotsetgoalsandprovidedself-regulatingstrategies,ifnecessary.Ifthelearningprocesswasgettingoff-track,therobotusedstrategiessuchasgames,riddles,jokes,breathingexercisesandphysicalmovementstoredirectthestudentsbacktothetask.“Studentswhoworkedwiththerobotweregenerallymoreengagedwiththeirtasksandcouldcompletetheirtasksatahigherratecomparedtothestudentswhoweren’tassistedbyarobot,”Dautenhahnsaid.Furtherstudiesusingtherobotareplanned.12.Howcanrobotsbenefitstudentswithlearningdisabilities?A.Byprovidingadvancedknowledge. B.Byofferingemotionalsupport.C.Bygivingextralearninghelp. D.Byactingaslearningcompanions.13.WhatmakesQTfitforstudentswithlearningdisabilities?A.Itsabilitytomakegestures. B.Thepopularityofrobots.C.Itsconveniencetouse. D.ThelowcostinmakingQT.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“triggered”inparagraph5?A.pickedup B.setoff C.takenout D.broughtin15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnumberofstudentssufferfromlearningdisabilitiesB.Arobotcanprovideself-regulatingstrategiesforstudentsC.ArobothasagreatpotentialinthepubliceducationsystemDArobothelpsstudentswithlearningdisabilitiesstayfocused【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文?；F盧大學(xué)的工程研究人員成功地使用機(jī)器人幫助有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的兒童集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。文章對這款機(jī)器人進(jìn)行了介紹?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Studentswithlearningdisabilitiesmaybenefitfromadditionallearningsupport,suchasone-on-oneinstructionandtheuseofsmartphonesandtablets.(有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的學(xué)生可以從額外的學(xué)習(xí)支持中受益，例如一對一指導(dǎo)和使用智能手機(jī)和平板電腦。)”可知，機(jī)器人可以通過提供額外學(xué)習(xí)幫助來使有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的學(xué)生受益。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Dautenhahnsaidtherobot’sabilitytoperformgesturesusingitsheadandhands,accompaniedbyitsspeechandfacialfeatures,makesitverysuitableforusewithchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.(Dautenhahn說，這個機(jī)器人能夠用它的頭和手來做手勢，伴隨著它的語言和面部特征，使它非常適合有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的兒童使用。)”可知，QT的手勢功能使其適合有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的學(xué)生。故選A?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“Whiletheinstructorcontrolledthesessions(當(dāng)教練控制課程時)”和“bytheinstructor(由教練)”可知，此處是指由教練觸發(fā)的機(jī)器人。所以triggered意為“被觸發(fā)的”。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“EngineeringresearchersattheUniversityofWaterlooaresuccessfullyusingarobottohelpkeepchildrenwithlearningdisabilitiesfocusingontheirwork.(滑鐵盧大學(xué)的工程研究人員成功地使用機(jī)器人幫助有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的兒童集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，文章主要是介紹一種可以幫助有學(xué)習(xí)障礙的學(xué)生集中注意力的機(jī)器人。所以，D項(xiàng)“Arobothelpsstudentswithlearningdisabilitiesstayfocused”是本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Productivitycanbeastruggleformanyofus.Overflowingemailinboxes,housework,socialobligations,itcanbeeasytofeelataloss.____16____.Writethemdown,dothetasksandcrossthemoff-simple!____17____Firstly,theyhelptodrownoutthechaosandanxietythatcomewithhavingnever-endingtasks.Bywritingeverythingdown,wedon’thavetorelyonourmemory.____18____.Secondly,listsprovidestructureandguidance,givingusaplantofollow.Andfinally,listsserveasproofofwhatwehaveachieved,whichcanhelpboostoursenseofaccomplishmentandmotivation.Anotherpossiblereasonourbrainslovelistsissomethingcalledthe“Zeigarnikeffect”.Thisisthenamepsychologistsuseforwhenwerememberthingsweneedtodobetterthanthingswehavealreadycompleted.____19____.Theexperimentbeganwithawarm-uptask,thoughitwasstoppedhalf-waythrough,andonlysomepeoplewereallowedtomakeplanstofinishit.Theresearchersfoundthatthegrouppermittedtoplanhadreducedanxietyandperformedbetterinthesecondtask.Theproblemwasthattheothersstillhadthewarm-uptaskstuckintheiractivememory-anuntickedlistoftasks.____20____Allinall,itseemsthatlistsareavaluabletoolforstayingontopoflife!A.AndwecaninsteadfocusonthetaskathandB.KeepthelistnearthephoneforeasyreferenceC.TherearethreekeyreasonswhylistsarebeneficialD.WedonotfullyunderstandhowthebrainisorganizedE.So,onceweticksomethingoffourlist,ourbrainsforgetitandwecanrelaxF.However,onesimpletoolthathelpsusstayontopofeverythingistheto-dolistG.Researcherstestedtheinterferenceofthe“Zeigarnikeffect“onagroupofpeople【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了待辦事項(xiàng)清單可以提高效率，分析了背后的原因?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Writethemdown,dothetasksandcrossthemoff-simple!(把它們寫下來，完成任務(wù)，然后劃掉——簡單！)”可知，本句給出的建議是制定待辦事項(xiàng)清單，故F選項(xiàng)“然而，有一個簡單的工具可以幫助我們掌握一切，那就是待辦事項(xiàng)清單”符合題意，且與上文“Overflowingemailinboxes,housework,socialobligations,itcanbeeasytofeelataloss.(郵箱爆滿，家務(wù)，社會責(zé)任，很容易讓人不知所措)”構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Firstly,theyhelptodrownoutthechaosandanxietythatcomewithhavingnever-endingtasks.Bywritingeverythingdown,wedon’thavetorelyonourmemory.(首先，它們有助于淹沒無休止的任務(wù)帶來的混亂和焦慮。通過把所有的東西都寫下來，我們就不必依賴我們的記憶了)”以及Secondly和finally可知，本段的主旨是清單是好處的三個原因。故C選項(xiàng)“為什么清單是有益的有三個關(guān)鍵原因”符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Bywritingeverythingdown,wedon’thavetorelyonourmemory.(通過把所有的東西都寫下來，我們就不必依賴我們的記憶了)”可知，上文提到了通過把所有的東西都寫下來，我們就不必依賴我們的記憶，由此可知，我們可以把注意力集中在手頭的任務(wù)上。故A選項(xiàng)“我們可以把注意力集中在手頭的任務(wù)上”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anotherpossiblereasonourbrainslovelistsissomethingcalledthe“Zeigarnikeffect”.Thisisthenamepsychologistsuseforwhenwerememberthingsweneedtodobetterthanthingswehavealreadycompleted.(我們大腦喜歡清單的另一個可能原因是所謂的“蔡加尼克效應(yīng)”。心理學(xué)家用這個詞來形容我們記住的事情要比我們已經(jīng)完成的事情做得更好)”以及后文“Theexperimentbeganwithawarm-uptask,thoughitwasstoppedhalf-waythrough,andonlysomepeoplewereallowedtomakeplanstofinishit.(實(shí)驗(yàn)從一個熱身任務(wù)開始，但中途停止了，只有一些人被允許制定完成任務(wù)的計(jì)劃)”可知，本句是在說明研究人員在一些人身上測試上文提到的“蔡加尼克效應(yīng)”。故G選項(xiàng)“研究人員測試了“蔡加尼克效應(yīng)”對一組人的干擾”符合語境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theexperimentbeganwithawarm-uptask,thoughitwasstoppedhalf-waythrough,andonlysomepeoplewereallowedtomakeplanstofinishit.

Theresearchersfoundthatthegrouppermittedtoplanhadreducedanxietyandperformedbetterinthesecondtask. Theproblemwasthattheothersstillhadthewarm-uptaskstuckintheiractivememory-anuntickedlistoftasks.

(實(shí)驗(yàn)從一個熱身任務(wù)開始，但中途停止了，只有一些人被允許制定完成任務(wù)的計(jì)劃。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，被允許做計(jì)劃的那組人焦慮減少，在第二項(xiàng)任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)更好。問題是其他人的活動記憶中仍然有熱身任務(wù)——一個未打勾的任務(wù)列表)”可知，完成清單中的任務(wù)可以讓大腦放松。故E選項(xiàng)“所以，一旦我們在清單上劃掉某件事，我們的大腦就會忘記它，我們就可以放松了”符合語境，故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Williamisoneofmystudents.Heisvery____21____.Eachchildinourschoolshouldplantsunflowersasaclassproject.Plantingsunflowersis____22____formanystudents.____23____,thegrowingpartismuchlessexciting.Ittakestoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywateringandmostchildrenhavelittle____24____forit.Theysoonlostinterestandforgotto____25____theirsunflowers,butWilliamnot.Eventhoughhe____26____withhisreading,heneveroncecomplained.Still,Icouldn’thelpbut____27____.Despitehisstrongdetermination,William’sgradeswere____28____.Iwonderedifhe’dbeabletopasstheexam.____29____,tomyjoy,Williamenteredthethirdgrade.AndthoughIwashappyforhim,theworry_____30_____.Wouldthethirdgradebetootoughforhim?Aboutamonthintothesummervacation,I_____31_____todrivebytheschoolandIwenttoseehowthesunflowersweregrowing.IsawWilliam’ssunflowerswereatleast12feettall,theywere_____32_____andtheyfacedthesun.Thisiswhatit_____33_____tobeateacher.Trustourchildrenanddoourbesttoworkforthem.Atthatmoment,IknewIdidn’thavetoworryaboutWilliam.I’dseenthatspecial_____34_____plantedinsidehim.Oneday,he’dbloomand_____35_____-justlikehissunflowers.21.A.smart B.determined C.powerful D.enthusiastic22.A.boring B.disappointing C.exciting D.confusing23.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile24.A.confidence B.memory C.kindness D.patience25A.thinkof B.standfor C.carefor D.worryabout26.A.struggled B.dealt C.lived D.worked27.A.respect B.worry C.apologize D.regret28.A.poor B.stable C.encouraging D.surprising29.A.Naturally B.Eventually C.Immediately D.Completely30.A.stopped B.appeared C.gathered D.remained31.A.happened B.failed C.applied D.managed32.A.cool B.strong C.obvious D.steady33.A.believes B.seems C.means D.causes34.A.root B.leaf C.tree D.seed35.A.shine B.graduate C.stand D.succeed【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.B30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是William是一個很有決心的孩子，盡管成績差但是做事情很有耐心，最終作者相信William的未來像向日葵一樣綻放光彩。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他很有決心。A.smart聰明的；B.determined堅(jiān)決的；C.powerful強(qiáng)有力的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)下文中的“Despitehisstrongdetermination”可知，William是一個意志堅(jiān)定的人，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“堅(jiān)決的”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對許多學(xué)生來說，種植向日葵是件令人興奮的事。A.boring令人無聊的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.exciting令人興奮的；D.confusing令人迷惑的。根據(jù)下文中的“thegrowingpartismuchlessexciting.”可知，向日葵成長的部分很少令人興奮的，由此可知，此處指的是種植向日葵是“令人興奮的”符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，種植的部分就不那么令人興奮了。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否則，要不然；C.Therefore因此；D.Meanwhile與此同時。根據(jù)上文中的“Plantingsunflowersis____2____formanystudents.”與下文中的“thegrowingpartismuchlessexciting.”可知，種植向日葵是令人興奮的，向日葵的成長過程就不那么令人興奮了，由此可知，上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)使用however意為“然而”符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每天澆水需要很長時間才能看到效果，大多數(shù)孩子對此沒有耐心。A.confidence自信；B.memory記憶；C.kindness善良；D.patience耐心。根據(jù)上文中的“Ittakestoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywatering”可知，要每天給向日葵澆水，需要很久才能看到效果，由此可知，這需要的是耐心，所以此處指的是“耐心”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他們很快就失去了興趣，忘記了照顧他們的向日葵，但William沒有。A.thinkof思考；B.standfor代表；C.carefor關(guān)心，照顧；D.worryabout擔(dān)心。根據(jù)上文中的“Ittakestoolongtoseeresultsfromdailywateringandmostchildrenhavelittle____4____forit.”可知，需要每天給向日葵澆水，所以此處應(yīng)為“照顧”向日葵。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管他的閱讀能力很差，但他從來沒有抱怨過。A.struggled掙扎；B.dealt處理；C.lived居??；D.worked工作。根據(jù)下文中的“heneveroncecomplained(抱怨).”以及eventhough引導(dǎo)的為讓步狀語從句可知，William從來不抱怨，即使閱讀上有困難，即與閱讀作斗爭，strugglewith努力應(yīng)對：指在面對困難或挑戰(zhàn)時，付出努力去解決或克服。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，我還是忍不住擔(dān)心。A.respect尊敬；B.worry擔(dān)憂；C.apologize道歉；D.regret后悔。根據(jù)下文中的“Iwonderedifhe’dbeabletopasstheexam.”可知，作者想知道William是否能通過考試，由此可知，作者“擔(dān)心”William。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管William意志堅(jiān)定，但他的成績很差。A.poor差的，貧窮的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.encouraging鼓舞人心的；D.surprising令人驚訝的。根據(jù)上文中的“Despitehisstrongdetermination”可知，盡管William意志堅(jiān)定，此空與上文內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此處應(yīng)表示“差的”符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，令我高興的是，William上了三年級。A.Naturally自然地；B.Eventually最終；C.Immediately立刻，馬上；D.Completely完全地。根據(jù)語境以及下文中的“tomyjoy,Williamenteredthethirdgrade.”可知，作者很高興，William上了三年級，所以此處應(yīng)為“最終”符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我為他感到高興，但我仍然擔(dān)心。A.stopped停止；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.gathered聚集；D.remained仍然是。根據(jù)語境以及下文中的“Wouldthethirdgradebetootoughforhim?”可知，作者想知道三年級對William是不是很困難，由此可知，此處表示作者“仍然是”擔(dān)心William。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一個月進(jìn)入暑假，我碰巧開車經(jīng)過學(xué)校，我去看看向日葵是如何生長的。A.happened發(fā)生，碰巧；B.failed失?。籆.applied應(yīng)用，申請；D.managed管理。根據(jù)上文中的“Aboutamonthintothesummervacation”以及下文中的“todrivebytheschoolandIwenttoseehowthesunflowersweregrowing.”可知，大約一個月進(jìn)入暑假，作者去看向日葵長得如何，由此可知，此處為“碰巧”符合語境，happentodosth.意為“碰巧做某事”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到William的向日葵至少有12英尺高，它們很強(qiáng)壯，面向太陽