河北省石家莊市高三畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)一英語(yǔ)試題

石家莊市2023屆高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一）

英語(yǔ)

（本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘）

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?

A.Relieved.B.Tired.C.Anxious.

2.Whatdoesthemantellthewomanabout?

A.Thechef,swork.B.Lackofsaladdressing.C.Therestaurant,sclosingtime.

3.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Intheshoppingcenter.B.Attherailwaystation.C.Inthestreet.

4.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Checkhismedicalrecords.B.Printsomematerials.C.Signaform.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Aplayer.B.Agame.C.Ateam.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoSpain?

A.Tovisithisson.B.TojoinaclubC.Towatchamatch.

7.Whatdoesthewomanrecommendtotheman?

A.Anagency.B.Anairline.C.Ahotel.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatisthewomancallingabout?

A.Damagedproducts.B.Latedelivery.C.Anewaccount.

9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Confirmareservation.B.Sendsomereplacements.C.Returnpartofthemoney.

10.Whatwillbeemailedtothewoman?

A.Awebsiteaddress.B.Someproductpictures.C.Ashippinglabel.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatproblemistheITDepartmentfacing?

A.Theservicerequestsarepilingup.

B.Theprojectsarecausingcomplaints.

C.Theemployeesfailtodownloadprograms.

12.Howwillthewomanhelpsolvetheproblem?

A.Bysendingassitantstotheman.

BBygivingatalkonInternetsecurity.

C.Byofferingthemanalistofprograms.

13.Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Colleagues.

B.Repairmanandcustomer.

C.Professorandstudent.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whoadvisedthemantobeaninstructor?

A.Hisbrother.B.Hisschoolmate.C.Hisworkmate.

15.Howdidthemanearnhisuniversityfeeslastsummer?

A.Heworkedasasailor.B.Heservedinarestaurant.C.Hetaughtanonlinecourse.

16.Whatsurprisedthemanatfirstaboutthecourse?

A.Therewerevariouspeople.

B.Thetrainingwasdemanding.

C.Thetraineeswereeagertoleam.

17.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?

A.Busy.B.Enjoyable.C.Easy.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Howwillcommunitycollegesreacttothesnowstorm?

A.Theywillcancelschool.

B.Theywillstarttwohourslater

C.Theywillbeginthreehourslater.

19.Wherewillstudentsgetonbuses?

A.Fromtheirhomes.B.Attheusualspots.C.Attheappointedstops.

20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindparentstodo?

A.Pickuptheirkidslaterthanusual.

B.Sendkidstoafter-schoolactivities.

C.Trytoavoidcausingtrafficjams.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

OutdoorFootball@Braywick

Tue,Mar8,9:00P.M.

Afriendlykickabout,opentoalllevels.Differentplayerseachweek.Newcomerswelcome.

Webookthepitch（球場(chǎng)）whenwehittheminimumof8"yes"RSVPS（回復(fù)），whichweneedtodobythe

daybefore.

Thecostis￡4to￡6each,dependingonhowmanysignup（￡50forthepitch,dividedbythenumberof

players）

DONTBELATE!Weneedtobethere,changedandreadyforkick-offat9:00P.M.Ifthegameisever

cancelled,wewillletthosewhohavealreadyRSVP“yes”know.

LOCATION:TobyCarveryStaffertonLodge

PLEASEBRING:

?Suitablebootsfortheoutdoor3Gpitches.Artificialgrass(AG)footballbootsarestronglyrecommendedas

thebestoptionforthesurf?ce.

?Somecash—upto￡6,asexplainedabove.

RSVPTERMSANDCONDITIONS!

?WhenyouRSVP"Yes”,webookaspotonthepitchforyou.Theorganizerischargedforthepitchunless

theycancelitatleast48hoursbeforethegame.

?IfyouchangeyourRSVPto"No"lessthan48hoursbeforeplayoryouarea“NoShow'5andnobodyisable

totakeyourspot,youwillbeaskedtopaythepriceasifyoutookpart.

BRINGINGGUESTS:

Youaremorethanwelcometobring1or2friendstoplay(butonlyifyouadd??+Γ,or"+2''toyourRSVP,so

thatwedon,tendupwithtoomanyplayers).

1.Whatisthedeadlineforthebookingofthepitch?

A.Mar5.B.Mar6.C.Mar7.D.Mar8.

2.Whatareyourequiredtodoasaplayer?

A.Arriveatthepitchat9:00P.M.B.Wearfirm-groundbootswhenplaying.

C.Bringatleast￡6tothepitch.D.Informcancellation48hoursahead.

3.Whatwillhappenifyoufailtoturnup?

A.Youstillneedtopay.B.Youcanjointhenextgameforfree.

C.Youwillbefinedforit.D.Youwillbebannedfromthegames.

【答案】LC2,A3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。這是一則通知，告知所有級(jí)別的人員將要舉行一場(chǎng)友誼賽，每周都有不同的球員，

同時(shí)也歡迎新人，并且附上了參賽要求。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章小標(biāo)題''Tue,Mar8,9:00P.M.（3月8日,星期二，下午9:00）,,第二段“Webookthe

pitch（球場(chǎng)）whenwehittheminimumof8"yes"RSVPS（回復(fù)）,whichweneedtodobythedaybefbre.（當(dāng)我們

達(dá)到至少8個(gè)“是”的回復(fù)時(shí)，我們就會(huì)預(yù)訂球場(chǎng)，這需要在前一天完成。）”可知，比賽開始日是3月8

日，需要提前一天3月7日就定好。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“DONTBELATE!Weneedtobethere,changedandreadyforkick-offat9:00P.

M.Ifthegameisevercancelled,wewillletthosewhohavealreadyRSVP"yes"know.（不要遲到!我們需要在晚

上9點(diǎn)到達(dá)那里，換好衣服，準(zhǔn)備開球。如果比賽被取消，我們會(huì)讓那些已經(jīng)回復(fù)“是”的人知道。）”可

知，對(duì)于參賽者的要求是在晚上9點(diǎn)到達(dá)。故選A項(xiàng)。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"IfyouchangeyourRSVPto“No"lessthan48hoursbeforeplayoryouarea

“NoShow“andnobodyisabletotakeyourspot,youwillbeaskedtopaythepriceasifyoutookpart.（如果你在

比賽前48小時(shí)內(nèi)將你的回復(fù)更改為“不”，或者你是“不露面”，沒(méi)有人能取代你的位置，你將被要求支付

價(jià)格，就像你參加了比賽一樣。）”可知，如果你沒(méi)來(lái)你還是要付錢的。故選A項(xiàng)。

B

Throughoutalltheeventsinmylife,oneinparticularsticksoutmorethantheothers.AsIreflectonthis

significantevent,asmilespreadsacrossmyface.AsIthinkofShanda,Ifeellovedandgrateful.

Itwasmytwelfthyearofdancing,Ithoughtitwouldenduplikeanyotheryear:stuckinemptiness,forgotten

andwithoutthebeliefofanyteacherorfriendthatIreallyhadthepotentialtoachievegreatness.

However,ImetShanda,ayoung,talentedchoreographer（編舞者）.Sheinfluencedmetoworktothebestof

myability,pushedmetokeepgoingwhenIwantedtogiveup,encouragedmeandshowedmetherealimportance

ofdancing.Throughoutourhardwork,notonlydidmyabilitytodancegrow,butmyfriendshipwithShandagrew

aswell.

Withtheendoftheyearcameourshowtime.AsIwalkedtoabackstagefilledwithotherdancers,Ihopedfor

agoodperformancethatwouldprovemyimprovement.Iwaitedanxiouslyformyturn.Finally,afterwhatseemed

likedays,theloudspeakerannouncedmyname.ButterfliesfilledmystomachasItooktremblingstepsontothebig

lightedstage.But,withthedeterminationtosucceedandeagernesstoliveuptoShanda,expectationsforme,I

begantodance.AllmytroublesandnerveswentawayasIdancedmywholeheartout.

AsIwalkeduptothejudgetoreceivemyfirstplaceshining,goldtrophy（獎(jiǎng)杯），Irealizedthatdanceisnot

aboutbecomingthebest.Itwasaboutlovingdancefordanceitself,agetawayfromallmyproblemsintheworld.

Shandashowedmethatyoucouldleteverythinggoandjustdancewhatyoufeelatthatmoment,Afterallthe

doubtsthatpeoplehadinme,Ibelievedinmyselfanddidnotcarewhatothersthought.ThankstoShanda,dance

becamemorethanaloveofmine,butapassion.

4.Whatdidtheauthorthinkherdancingwouldbeforthetwelfthyear?

A.Achangeforthebetter.B.Adisappointmentasbefore.

C.Aproofofherpotential.D.Aprideofherteachersandfriends.

5.HowdidShandahelptheauthor?

A.Byofferingherfinancialhelp.B.Byenteringherinacompetition.

C.Bycoachingherforlongerhours.D.Byawakeningherpassionfordancing.

6.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesteppedonthestage?

A.Proud.B.Nervous.C.Scared.D.Relieved.

7.WhatcanweIearnfromtheauthor,sstory?

A.Successliesinpatience.B.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

C.Agoodteachermatters.D.Ayouthistobetreatedwithrespect.

【答案】4.B5.D6.B7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在編舞者杉達(dá)的幫助下，喚醒了對(duì)于舞蹈的熱情，獲得金牌

的故事。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Itwasmytwelfthyearofdancing,1thoughtitwouldenduplikeanyotheryear:stuck

inemptiness,forgottenandwithoutthebeliefofanyteacherorfriendthatIreallyhadthepotentialtoachieve

greatness.（這是我跳舞的第十二年，我想這會(huì)像其他任何一年一樣結(jié)束：陷入空虛，被遺忘，沒(méi)有任何老師

或朋友相信我真的有潛力成就偉大事業(yè)）”可知，作者認(rèn)為第十二年她的舞蹈會(huì)和以前一樣是使人失望的事。

故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

名田節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Sheinfluencedmetoworktothebestofmyability,pushedmetokeepgoingwhenI

wantedtogiveup,encouragedmeandshowedmetherealimportanceofdancing.（她影響我盡我所能工作，在我

想放棄的時(shí)候鼓勵(lì)我堅(jiān)持下去，鼓勵(lì)我，并向我展示舞蹈的真正重要性）”可知，杉達(dá)鼓勵(lì)作者，向作者展

示舞蹈的真正重要性，喚醒作者對(duì)于舞蹈的熱情，以此來(lái)幫助作者。故選D項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"ButterfliesfilledmystomachasItooktremblingstepsontothebiglightedStage.（當(dāng)我

顫顫巍巍地走上燈火通明的大舞臺(tái)時(shí)，心里七上八下）”可知，當(dāng)?shù)巧衔枧_(tái)時(shí)，作者感覺(jué)緊張。故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itwasmytwelfthyearofdancing,Ithoughtitwouldenduplikeanyotheryear:stuck

inemptiness,forgottenandwithoutthebeliefofanyteacherorfriendthatIreallyhadthepotentialtoachieve

greatness.（這是我跳舞的第十二年，我想這會(huì)像其他任何一年一樣結(jié)束：陷入空虛，被遺忘，沒(méi)有任何老師

或朋友相信我真的有潛力成就偉大事業(yè)）”以及最后一段“ThankstoShanda,dancebecamemorethanaloveof

mine,butapassion.（多虧了杉達(dá)，舞蹈不僅僅是我的愛(ài)好，而是一種熱情）”可知，作者曾經(jīng)對(duì)自己感覺(jué)失望，

在編舞者杉達(dá)的幫助和鼓勵(lì)下，喚醒了對(duì)于舞蹈的熱情，由此可知，好的老師是很重要的。故選C項(xiàng)。

C

OnGiytvikenislandintheSouthAtlanticOceanliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneofthemostremote

museumsintheworld.

SouthGeorgiaMuseumislocatedintheisland'soldwhalingstation.Whaling,orthehuntingofwhalesfor

theirusablenaturalproducts,suchasmeatandoil,ceasedtherein1964.Thebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseum

onceservedasthewhalingmanager,shomeandofficeandwentunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothe

publicasamuseumin1992.

TherearenopassengerflightstoorfromGrytviken,sothemajorityofvisitorsarriveonaship.Theisland

itselfonlyseesabout10,000visitorsayearandtherearenopermanentresidents,onlyagroupof20scientists,

,

maintenanceStaff）andmuseumworkerswhobravetheislandscoldweatherconditions.Travelingtothemuseum

requiresadvanceplanning.SouthGeorgiaMuseumstaffalltraveltotheislandfromabroadforthesouthern

hemisphere（半球）spring,ormid-October,andmostcomefromtheUnitedKingdom,around8,000milesnorth.

Themuseum,whichoffersfreeadmission,“aimstomakethishistoιyandheritageaccessiblebothtothe

visitingpublicandtothoseunabletovisitthisremoteregionthrougheducation,exhibitionsandoutreach”,

accordingtoitswebsite.Ithousesanaturalhistorycollection,artifacts,exhibitionsrelatedtotheearlyhistoιyof

sealingandwhalingaswellasAntarcticexplorer,SirEmestShackleton,andmore.Themuseumroomsarenamed

afterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthorconservationoftheislandinsomeway.

ThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsOctoberthroughDecember,butsill,daytimehighsdon,toftenreach

above40degreesFahrenheit.Forthosewhoworkthere,InternetaccessisaatchYandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.

It,snotaplaceforeveιyone,butforthestaffthatcallsithomeforpartsoftheyear,it,sauniqueformofparadise.

""Steppingawayfromtheworldhasbeenatreat,"saidPierce,oneofthestaff.

8.WhatcanweIeamabouttheSouthGeorgiaMuseum?

A.Itisaccessibletovisitorsbyair.B.Ithas20maintenanceworkers.

C.Itopenedtothepublicin1964.D.Itusedtobeawhalingstation.

9.Whoaretheroomsofthemuseumnamedafter?

A.Managersofthewhalingstation.

B.AdventurersexploringtheAntarctic.

C.Thosewhomadecontributionstotheisland.

D.Indwidualswhoconservedwhalesfromextinction.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"patchy“meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Poor.B.Easy.C.Free.D.Quick.

11.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwefindthistext?

A.Animals.B.People.C.Travel.D.News.

【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹位于南大西洋的格里特維肯島上的南喬治亞博物館。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uThebuildingthatnowhousesthemuseumonceservedasthewhalingmanager,shome

andofficeandwentunusedforover20yearsbeforeitopenedtothepublicasamuseumin1992.（現(xiàn)在博物館所

在的建筑曾經(jīng)是捕鯨經(jīng)理的家和辦公室，在1992年作為博物館向公眾開放之前，它已經(jīng)閑置了20多年。）”

可知，南喬治亞博物館曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)捕鯨站。故選D。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Themuseumroomsarenamedafterindividualswhocontributedtothegrowthor

conservationoftheislandinsomeway.（博物館的房間以在某種程度上對(duì)該島的發(fā)展或保護(hù)做出貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人命

名。）”可知，博物館的房間是以對(duì)該島的發(fā)展或保護(hù)做出貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人命名的。故選C。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forthosewhoworkthere,InternetaccessisDatChVandfreshfoodoptionsarerare.

（對(duì)于那些在那里工作的人來(lái)說(shuō)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入PatChy,新鮮食物的選擇也很少。）”可知，這句話描述的是在

那里工作的條件很苦，所以PatChy的意思應(yīng)該是“不好的，糟糕的”，和選項(xiàng)A意思一致。故選A。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"OnGiytvikenislandintheSouthAtlanticOceanliestheSouthGeorgiaMuseum,oneof

themostremotemuseumsintheWorld.（南喬治亞博物館位于南大西洋的格里特維肯島上，是世界上最偏遠(yuǎn)的

博物館之一。）”和最后一段uThetemperatureisidealforvisitorsOctoberthroughDecember,butsill,daytime

highsdon,toftenreachabove40degreesFahrenheit.（10月至12月的氣溫對(duì)游客來(lái)說(shuō)是理想的，但白天的氣溫

通常不會(huì)超過(guò)40華氏度。）”可知，這篇文章主要介紹位于南大西洋的格里特維肯島上的南喬治亞博物館，

所以應(yīng)該是選自于旅游欄一部分。故選C。

D

Foodshighinsugarareunhealthy,buttheseadditivesaretoodeliciousformanyofustogiveuporreduceina

way.Whatifwecouldsomehowenjoytheirtastewithoutactuallyeatingthem?Astudentteamhasnowdesigneda

spoonwithastructurethatstimulatestastebuds（味蕾）toproduceasenseofsweetnesswithoutaddingcaloriesor

chemicals.Theprojectfollowspreviousworkinvolvingfavor-enhancingcutleιylikechopsticksthatincrease

sweetnesswithamildelectriccurrent.

ThefiveundergraduateandgraduateresearchstudentswantedtocreateanewspooncalledSugarwarefor

peoplewithsuchdisordersasdiabetes,withwhichsugarislargelyofftheirmenu.

Thenewspoonwouldhaveseveralbumps（凸起）onitsundersidetopressagainstthetongue.Thebumpscan

becoveredwithapermanentlayerofmolecules（分子）calledligands.Theseligandsbondwithtaste-cellreceptor

proteinsthattypicallyreacttosugarmoleculesorartificialsweeteners.Thebondcanactivatenervesignals,causing

thebraintoregisterasenseofsweetness.Adinercouldthusstimulatesweetnessreceptorswithoutactualintakeof

sugarorartificialsweeteners.

Thisideaissimilartothepreviousworkinthattheyallusecutlerytoenhancetastewithoutauserhavingto

actuallyconsumeanysugar."Butthemechanismforstimulatingthetastebudsiscompletelydifferent,,,ShiyuXu,

oneofthestudentresearchers,says,44Itusesbumpsandtaste-bud-stimulatingmoleculesratherthanelectricity.^^

Theideais“verycreative,,,saysPaolaAlmeida,whoistheglobaldirectorofeo?porateinnovationatcandy

makerMars.Buttheproducfscommercialsuccesswouldrequireasignificantbehavioralshiftamongconsumers:

insteadofaddingtheusualsugarorartificialsweeteners,unowwe,resaying,4Usethiscutlery,,vAlmeidasays,“It

remainstobeseenwhetherfavor-enhancingcutleιywillcatchon.”

12.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Howthenewinventionworks.B.Howadinerfeelsweetness.

CHowligandsandproteinslink.D.Howsugarmoleculesfunction.

13.Inwhatwayisthepreviousflavor-enhancingcutlerydifferentfromSugarware?

A.Itmakesfoodmoredelicious.B.Itsendsoutsignalstothebrain.

C.?tuseselectricitytoenhancetaste.D.Itreducesusers,foodconsumption.

14.WhatisPaolaAlmeida,sattitudetothefutureofSugarware?

A.Positive.B.Uncertain.C.Critical.D.Worried.

15.What,sthebesttitleofthetext?

A.StrugglingforLowSugar?—TryThisSpoon

B.LookingforDeliciousFood?一ThisisHow

C.WorkingforCommercialSuccess?一BeCreative

D.DietingforBetterHealth?—MindSweeteners

【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述一個(gè)學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)之前的研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造，他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了

一種勺子，它的結(jié)構(gòu)可以刺激味蕾，在不增加卡路里或化學(xué)物質(zhì)的情況下產(chǎn)生甜味。

【12題詳解】

段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thenewspoonwouldhaveseveralbumps（凸起）onitsundersidetopressagainst

thetongue.Thebumpscanbecoveredwithapermanentlayerofmolecules（分子）calledligands.Theseligands

bondwithtaste-cellreceptorproteinsthattypicallyreacttosugarmoleculesorartificialsweeteners.Thebondcan

activatenervesignals,causingthebraintoregisterasenseofsweetness.Adinercouldthusstimulatesweetness

receptorswithoutactualintakeofsugarorartificialSWeetenerS.（新勺子的底部會(huì)有幾個(gè)凸起來(lái)壓住舌頭。這些凸

起可以被一層永久性的分子覆蓋，這種分子被稱為配體。這些配體與味覺(jué)細(xì)胞受體蛋白結(jié)合，通常對(duì)糖分

子或人工甜味劑起反應(yīng)。這種結(jié)合可以激活神經(jīng)信號(hào)，使大腦產(chǎn)生甜味。因此，用餐者可以在不攝入糖或

人工甜味劑的情況下刺激甜味受體）”可知，本段主要講述新勺子是通過(guò)什么方式讓人的大腦受到刺激感知

甜味，即新發(fā)明的工作原理。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“'Butthemechanismforstimulatingthetastebudsiscompletelydifferent/Shiyu

Xu,oneofthestudentresearchers,says,*Itusesbumpsandtaste-bud-stimulatingmoleculesratherthan

electricity.'（"但是刺激味蕾的機(jī)制是完全不同的，”學(xué)生研究員徐世宇說(shuō)，“它使用的是撞擊和刺激味蕾的分

子，而不是電」‘）”可知，以前的增味餐具與糖餐具的不同之處是，以前的餐具利用電來(lái)提高味道。故選C

項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Buttheproduct'scommercialsuccesswouldrequireasignificantbehavioralshift

amongconsumers:insteadofaddingtheusualsugarorartificialsweeteners,?tnowwe,resaying,1Usethiscutlery,,,'

Almeidasays,“Itremainstobeseenwhetherfavor-enhancingcutlerywillcatchOn."（但該產(chǎn)品的商業(yè)成功需要

消費(fèi)者行為上的重大轉(zhuǎn)變：不再添加常見(jiàn)的糖或人工甜味劑，“現(xiàn)在我們說(shuō)，'使用這種餐具'，”阿爾梅

達(dá)說(shuō)，“這種增強(qiáng)好感的餐具是否會(huì)流行還有待觀察。“）"可知，保拉?阿爾梅達(dá)認(rèn)為新發(fā)明是否會(huì)流行還

需要觀察，說(shuō)明他對(duì)Sugarware未來(lái)的態(tài)度是不確定的。A.PoSitiVe.積極的；B.Uncertain.不確定的；C.Critical.

批判的；D.Worried.擔(dān)憂的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

文章標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Foodshighinsugarareunhealthy,buttheseadditivesaretoodeliciousformanyof

ustogiveuporreduceinaway.Whatifwecouldsomehowenjoytheirtastewithoutactuallyeatingthem?A

studentteamhasnowdesignedaspoonwithastructurethatstimulatestastebuds（味蕾）toproduceasenseof

SWeetneSSWithoUtaddingCaIOrieSOrChemiCalS.（高糖食物是不健康的，但這些添加劑太美味了，我們很多人都

不能放棄或減少某種程度上的添加劑。如果我們不用吃它們就能享受它們的味道呢?一個(gè)學(xué)生團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)在設(shè)計(jì)

了一種勺子，它的結(jié)構(gòu)可以刺激味蕾，在不增加卡路里或化學(xué)物質(zhì)的情況下產(chǎn)生甜味。）”可知，本文主要

圍繞這種新型的勺子發(fā)明及其功能進(jìn)行講述。該產(chǎn)品適合那些食用低糖食物的人。故A項(xiàng)“為低糖而掙

扎?一一試試這個(gè)勺子”故選A項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Toomuchstuff,toomuchtodo,toomuchstress....Theseareweighingpeopledownandbreakingtheirspirit.

16Hereareseveralthingstohelpyougetstarted.

Thefirststepistosortoutyourpossessions.Toliveasimplelife,youneedasimplelivingspace.Sotake

sometimetotidyyourlivingarea.Focusonkeepingthingsthatyouvaluedeeplyandthrowawaythingsthatyou

don,tneedanylonger.17Finally,youwillbeshockedtoseehowfewpossessionsyouactuallyuseinyour

dailylife.

]8Ashumanswetendtothinkwhatweareusedtoasnaturallyright.However,therecouldbe

problemsinthemillionlittlethingsthatbotherusaswegoaboutourday.Thebestskillyoucandevelopinyour

lifeistheabilitytotakeastepbackandlookatthingsobjectivelybyraisingdoubtsaboutwhatisseeminglythe

wayitissupposedtobe.

Weshouldalwaysstaymindfulandlivewithintention.Ifthereissomethinginyourlifethatyoudon,tlove,

changeit!Cutoutthethingsthataren,tservingyou.Youcanwritedownwhatanidealdaywouldlooklikeforyou

infiveyears,time.Thenoutlinewhatthingsyouwantmoreinyourlifeandwhatthingsyouwantless.19

Managingyourtimewiselycounts.2（）Instead,takesometimetothinkaboutwhetherit,ssomething

thatyouareexcitedaboutattending.Beintentionalwithhowyouspendyourtimeandtakecontrolofwhatyoudo.

Thisishowyoucanguaranteeyourselfaflexiblescheduleanddoeverythinginanunhurriedway.

A.Minimalistsliveintentionally,

B.Completetheprocessinseveralsweeps.

C.Don,treply"yes"toeverythingyou,reinvitedto.

D.Withthatinhand,youhaveagoaltoworktowards.

E.Fromtimetotimeyouneedtoquestionaboutyourlifestyle.

F.That,swhythereisagrowinginterestintheminimalistlifestyle.

G.Havingaflexiblescheduledependsonyoutakingcontrolofthings.

【答案】16.F17.B18.E19.D20.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了如何開始過(guò)上極簡(jiǎn)主義生活的幾點(diǎn)建議。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前的“Toomuchstuff,toomuchtodo,toomuchstress...Theseareweighingpeopledownandbreaking

theirspirit.（太多的事情，太多的事情要做，太多的壓力……這些正在壓垮人們，擊垮他們的精神。）”可知，

太多的事情，太多的壓力讓人們不堪重負(fù)，而空后“HereareseveralthingstohelpyougetStarted.（這里有幾件

事可以幫助您入門。）”講述的是幫助你如何開始，由此可知，該空為過(guò)渡句，引出幫助人們開始過(guò)上的是

什么樣的生活，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)"That'swhythereisagrowinginterestintheminimalistIifbStyle.（這就是為什么人們對(duì)

極簡(jiǎn)主義生活方式越來(lái)越感興趣的原因。）”講述的是人們對(duì)過(guò)極簡(jiǎn)生活方式感興趣，與空前為因果關(guān)系，

同時(shí)過(guò)渡到下文，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選F項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空后的wFinally,youwillbeshockedtoseehowfewpossessionsyouactuallyuseinyourdailylife.（最后，你

會(huì)震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)你在日常生活中實(shí)際使用的財(cái)產(chǎn)是多么少。）”可知，最后你會(huì)對(duì)自己的成果感到驚訝，所以

可推斷，此空應(yīng)表示打掃的工作已經(jīng)完成，B選項(xiàng)"Completetheprocessinseveralsweeps.（在幾次清理后完

成該過(guò)程。）”中的完成這一過(guò)程與下文內(nèi)容銜接，符合邏輯。故選B項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

分析語(yǔ)篇可知，該空為本段的主題句，根據(jù)空后的"Thebestskillyoucandevelopinyourlifeistheabilityto

takeastepbackandlookatthingsobjectivelybyraisingdoubtsaboutwhatisseeminglythewayitissupposedto

be.（你在生活中所能培養(yǎng)的最好的技能就是能夠退一步，客觀地看待事物，對(duì)看似應(yīng)該是這樣的事情提出

質(zhì)疑。）”可知,作者建議人們對(duì)看似應(yīng)該是這樣的事情提出質(zhì)疑,E選項(xiàng)“Fromtimetotimeyouneedtoquestion

aboutyourlifestyle.（有時(shí)您需要質(zhì)疑自己的生活方式。）”中的質(zhì)疑當(dāng)前的生活方式可以作為本段主題，與下

文內(nèi)容吻合。故選E項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段主題句"Weshouldalwaysstaymindfulandlivewithintention.（我們應(yīng)該始終保持正念，并有目的地

生活。）”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容是建議我們帶著目標(biāo)生活，D選項(xiàng)"Withthatinhand,youhaveagoaltowork

towards.（有了這些，你就有了一個(gè)努力的目標(biāo)。）”講述的為我們有為之努力的目標(biāo)，其中的goal與intention

為同義詞，且與主題吻合。故選D項(xiàng)。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)空后的"Instead,takesometimetothinkaboutwhetherit,ssomethingthatyouareexcitedabout

attending.（相反，花點(diǎn)時(shí)間想想你是否有興趣參加。）”的instead可知，此處講述的內(nèi)容是該如何做，所以

空處應(yīng)為不要做什么，C選項(xiàng)"Don'treply"yes"toeverythingyou'reinvitedto.（不要對(duì)你被邀請(qǐng)參加的所有

事情都回答“是"。）”講述的是不要事事都答應(yīng)，內(nèi)容符合題意且邏輯合理。故選C項(xiàng)。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

JonathanJones,12,wasovercomewithemotionafterhisprincipal,whoisalsocolorblind,lethim2]

hisuniqueglassesduringscienceclasslastweek.

AssoonasJonesputtheglasseson,heappearedtobeimmediately22.Heinitiallysmiledandlaughed,

buthe23momentslater.Hethenwalkedaroundtheclassroomexcitedly,24thenow-vividcolors

aroundhim.

“IwasfeelingjoythatIcould25seeallthiscolor...andalittlebitof26thatIcouldn,tseecolor

mywhole?ife''JonathantoldABCnews.

Theboy,smotherposteda（n）27ofJonathanseeingcolorforthefirsttimeonlineandstarteda

GoFundMecampaigntobuyapairoftheuniqueglassesforJonathan,whichreportedlycost$350.However,so

manypeoplewere28byJonathan,sstory,andthecampaignactuallyendedup29morethan$25,

000.

Shewrote"Afterpostingthevideo,we,vebeentouchedbyhowmany30peoplehavewantedto

helphim.We,vehad3JpairsdonatedtoJonathanandwilluse100%ofdonatedfundstopurchase

colorblindglassesforthosewhocan,t32them.”"Theglassescompanywill33everypair

wepurchasewithafreepair,whichdoublesthenumberofpeopleWecan34Jshecontinued.

ForJonathan,withthenewglassescomesanew35oftheworld.Hesaidhisfavoritecolorisblue

andhe,sexcitedtovisittheCaribbeanthiswintersohecanseetheoceaninallitsglory.

21.A.borrowB.polishC.removeD.adjust

22.A.disappointedB.annoyedC.surprisedD.embarrassed

23.A.calmeddownB.brokedownC.cheeredupD.wokeup

24.A.mixingB.paintingC.chang