判斷正誤型閱讀2024年中考英語閱讀理解提分要義

（4）判斷正誤型閱讀——2024屆中考英語閱讀理解提分要義提分要點Step1閱讀原文，捕捉信息，理解大意通讀原文，捕捉文中信息，抓住內(nèi)容梗概，理解短文大意，理清全文脈絡(luò)。Step2審讀題目，找出相關(guān)依據(jù)讀懂短文內(nèi)容后再審讀題目，把握每個待判定句子的含義，通過尋讀法在原文中找出與每個問題相關(guān)的段落或關(guān)鍵詞句，再進行判斷。只有完全符合文意的句子，才能判定為正確，要從文章的具體段落和句子中找到依據(jù)，并認真進行比較、分析。不能憑印象想當(dāng)然，胡亂猜測。Step3瀏覽題目，復(fù)讀全文，捕捉信息完成正誤判斷后重讀短文，加深對短文的理解，在此基礎(chǔ)上對每道題復(fù)查。答題注意事項正確頂?shù)奶卣鳎簩υ涞年P(guān)鍵詞進行替換；有時有詞性或語態(tài)上的變化；語氣簡化；正話反說干擾項的特征:無中生有；偷換概余；表述不準(zhǔn)確；與中信息意義相反提分訓(xùn)練一、ThereisaChinesesaying"千里送鵝毛，禮輕情意重".Whatdoesswanfeather(天鵝羽毛)meaninthissaying?Doyouknow?ThissayingesfromahistoricbookcalledLuShi(《路史》).Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficialinYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor.HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime.Miantookgoodcareoftheswanonhiswaytotheemperor.Oneday,hepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater.Butassoonashesettheswanfree,theswanflewaway,leavingonlysomefeathersontheground.Mianwasveryworried,buthedidn'ttrytorunaway.Hedecidedtotelltheemperorwhathappened.Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip.WhenMianmettheemperor,hetoldhimwhathappenedandsaid,"Thisswanfeatherislight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."TheemperorwashappywithMian'shonestyandsincerity.HeforgaveMian.Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正（√）誤（×）。1.ThestoryaboutthesayinghappenedinTangDynasty.2.TheofficialandMianBogaobroughtsomegiftstotheemperor,includingabeautifulswan.3.OnedayMianlettheswanswiminthelakeandtheswanflewaway.4.Mianpickedupafeatherandgaveittotheemperor.5.Fromthestoryweknowthesayingmeansthesincerityagiftcarriesmeansmorethanitsprice.二、Itwasaschooltrip.Allofuswerehungryforitforlong.IwenttoChangbaiMountainwithmyclassmatesatthebeginningof2023.Thetripwasreallywonderful.JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbaiMountain.Itisoneofthe"Top10MountainsinChina".Thenameofitmeans"amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround"inChinese.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasfirstusedintheLiaoDynasty.ThemountainwasrecordedintheClassicofMountainsandSeasunderthenameBuxianMountain.ItwascalledTaibaiMountainintheTangDynasty.Intheearlymorning,weclimbedthemountainfromthewesternside.Alongtheway,wesawseveralwildanimalsandweweretotallyshockedatthebeautyofthemountain.Thewholemountainareaisunderthicksnowcoverfortwomonthseveryyear.Thehigherpointsfrom1,500metersto2,400metersabovethesealevelarecoveredwithsnowformorethansixmonths.ChangbaiMountainisoneofthemostpopularplacesforwintersportsandamusements.Weeventriedmanythrillingridesonthesnow.Itwassomuchfun.Besides,weenjoyeddifferentkindsoffoods.WhatexcitedusmostisundoubtedlytheTianchiLake.Itisthedeepestalpine(高山的)lakeinChina.TheTianchiLakeistheplacewheretheSonghua,TumenandYaluriversbeginandithasbeenregardedasamysteriouslake.NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere,butwewere.Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.Allourtirednessandpressureweregonethere.Asvisitors,wecan'tstopbeinginlovewitheverythingweexperiencedinChangbaiMountain.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(T)、誤(F)。6.Changbaimeans"remainingwhiteallyearround"inChinese.7.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasusedintheTangDynasty.8.Alongtheway,thestudentsweretotallyshockedatthewildanimals.9.Somevisitorscan'tseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere.10.Thestudents'tirednessandpressureweretakenawaybydifferentkindsoffoods.三、Chinaisacountrywithmanycolorfuldaysandfestivals.TheDragonHeadRaisingDay(Longtaitou)isoneofthem.ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.Itstandsforthestartofspringandfarming.ThedragonisimportantforChinesepeople.WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe"descendants(傳人)ofthedragon".Therefore,peoplecelebratetheDragonHeadRaisingDaywithmanycustoms.Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash(灰)inthekitchen.Thiswasto"leadthedragonintothehouse".Peoplebelievedthatwiththehelpofthedragon,theycouldhaveagoodharvest(收成)inautumn.Also,peopleeatspecialfoodsonthatday.Thefoodsareusuallynamedafterdragons.Forexample,peopleeat"dragonwhisker(須)"noodlesanddumplingscalled"dragonteeth".Today,manycustomshavedisappeared.Butonethathasremainedisthecuttingofhair.Itissaidthatahaircutduringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheunclesofthefamily—mainlymother'sbrothers.SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(√)、誤(×)。11.TheLongtaitouisonthethirddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.12.WeChinesecallourselvesthe"descendantsofthedragon".13.PeopleputashinthekitchenontheDragonHeadRaisingDayinancienttimes.14.Nowadays,manypeopledon'thavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.15.ThepassagemainlytellsushowtocelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinChina.四、TheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ItisacrossAfricafromSenegaltoEgypt.TheSaharaDesertisanunfriendlyenvironment.Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold.ItisalsodifficulttofindwaterintheSahara.In2006,KevinLin,RayZahab,andCharlieEngledecidedtodosomethingverydifficult.TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles(6,920km).Itseemedimpossibletodoso,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest.OnthemorningofNovember2,Kevin,RayandCharliestartedtheirtripacrosstheSahara.Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9:30intheevening.Eachdaytheyranabout40miles(64km).Everydayitwasthesamething.Theygotupandran.Theylistenedtomusicontheirearphonesandtheyranandran.Kevin,RayandCharlieneededtoeatalotoffoodduringtheirtrip.Mostpeopleneedabout2000calories(卡路里)offoodeachday.Kevin,Ray,andCharlieneededbetween6,000and9,000calorieseveryday.That'salotoffood!Theyalsoneededtodrinkalotofwater.Thethreemenhadsomeproblemsontheirtripandmanytimestheywantedtostopandgohome.Itwasoftenveryhotduringthedayandtheheatmadethemsick.Theirlegsandfeethurt.Sometimesitwasverywindy,andtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost.Buttheydidn'tstop.After111days,Kevin,RayandCharliesuccessfullyfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.TheyhuggedeachotherandputtheirhandsinthewateroftheRedSea.Thentheyrantoahoteltotakealongshower…根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正（√）、誤（×）。16.It'salwaysveryhotintheSaharaDesert.17.Thethreemenwantedtochallengethemselves.18.Eachdaythemenranforeightandahalfhours.19.Theysometimesfeltsickbecauseitwassohot.20.TheynevergotlostandfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.五、ItiswellknownthatsilkwasdiscoveredinChina.Itiswonderfullystrong,lightandsoft.Asoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes,silkhasaperfectlookandfeelthatnoothermaterialscanmatch.Thereisastoryabouthowsilkwasdiscovered.LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingteaunderamulberrytreewhenasilkwormcocoon(蠶繭)fellintohercup.Asshetriedtotakethecocoonout,itstartedtounwind(展開)andthe"line"seemedendless.Sherealizedthatthestronglinecouldbeusedtomakeclothes.ThenLeiZutaughtherpeoplehowtoraisesilkwormsandhowtogetsilk.Inthisway,thesilkindustrywasborn.Forhundredsofyearsafterthat,silkwasonlyusedbyrichpeople.Itwasasymbolofidentityandstatus(身份和地位).Withthedevelopmentofthesilkindustry,moresilkwasproduced.Itwasnolongerjustforrichpeople.IntheHanDynasty,silkwastransportedasfarawayasSpain,Romeandmanyothercountries.ThetraderoadwasfamouslyknownastheSilkRoad,whichconnectedChinawiththerestoftheworld.Today,silkcanbeusedformanykindsofthings,notjustforclothesbutalsoforpaintings,writingbrushes,kitesandevenfishingnets.Whereversilkgoesaroundtheworld,itisalwayswarmlyreceived.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷句子正(√)誤(×)。21.Silkisoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes.22.HuangDidiscoveredsilkcouldbeusedtomakeclothesbyaccident.23.Asmoresilkwasproduced,itreachedmorepeople'shomes.24.ThesilkindustrywasbornbecauseoftheSilkRoad.25.Thispassagemainlytalksaboutthehistoryandthepopularityofsilk.六、Amiddleschoolinasmalltownhasnearly900students.About90%ofthemefromlowine(低收入)families.Afterknowingmanystudents'fathersdidn'tspendmuchtimewiththeirchildren,theschoolstartedits"BreakfastwithDads"eventnotlongago.Latertheschoolknewsomestudentsdidn'thaveafatherabletotakepart.Sotheypostedarequest(請求)for50volunteerfathersontheInternet.Atfirst,theyworriednoonewouldliketoe.Muchtotheirsurprise,nearly600menshowedupattheevent.Thestudentshadanicebreakfastandtalkedwiththeir"dads".Oneoftheirfavouriteactivitieswaslearninghowtotieanecktie(領(lǐng)帶).Somelearneditbeforebutforgot,andotherstrieditforthefirsttime.Theexperienced"dads"taughttheexcitedchildren."It'samazingtohavebreakfastandmunicatewithsomany'dads'!Ilearnedalotfromthem!"oneboysaidexcitedly.根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正(√)誤(×)。26.Mostofthestudentsintheschoolefrompoorfamilies.27.Theschoolmadearequestfor50volunteerfathersonTV.28.Almost600menshowedupattheevent.29.Mostofthestudentsknewhowtotieanecktiebeforetheevent.30.Thestudentsfeltexcitedattheevent.

答案以及解析1.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficialinYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor."可知，關(guān)于這句話的故事發(fā)生在唐朝。表述正確。故答案為√。2.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime."可知，云南的一位唐朝官員想向皇帝表達敬意。他派了一個叫綿伯高的人給皇帝帶了一些禮物。其中一件禮物是一只美麗的天鵝。故答案為×。3.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Oneday,hepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater."可知，他路過一個湖邊，想讓天鵝喝點水，而不是游泳，故答案為×。4.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip."和"Thisswanfeatherislight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."可知，綿拿起一根羽毛送給了皇帝。故答案為√。5.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries."可知，從這個故事中，我們知道這句話的意思是禮物的真誠比價格更重要。故答案為√。6.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbaiMountain....Thenameofitmeans'amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround'inChinese."可知長白在中文中的意思是"一年四季都是白色的"。故填√。7.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ItwascalledTaibaiMountainintheTangDynasty."可知在唐代并不叫長白山。故填×。8.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Alongtheway,wesawseveralwildanimalsandweweretotallyshockedatthebeautyofthemountain."可知沿途學(xué)生們震驚于山的美麗。故填×。9.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere,butwewere."可知有些游客第一次去天池看不清楚。故填√。10.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.Allourtirednessandpressureweregonethere."學(xué)生們的壓疲累和壓力是在泡溫泉的時候消失的。故填×。11.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"ThisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar"可知龍?zhí)ь^日是在中國農(nóng)歷的二月初二。故答案為×。12.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe'descendants(傳人)ofthedragon'"可知我們中國人稱自己為"龍的傳人"。故答案為√。13.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash(灰)inthekitchen."可知在古時候，人們把灰放在廚房里。故答案為√。14.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay."可知很多人在龍?zhí)ь^這天都要理發(fā)。故答案為×。15.答案：×解析：主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了二月二龍?zhí)ь^日。故答案為×。16.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold."可知，撒哈拉沙漠白天很熱，有時候晚上很冷，題干"撒哈拉沙漠總是很熱。"表述錯誤。故答案為×。17.答案：√解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)"TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles(6,920km).Itseemedimpossibletodoso,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest."可知，穿越撒哈拉沙漠是幾乎不可能的，但他們想要測試自己，即挑戰(zhàn)自己，題干"這三個人都想挑戰(zhàn)自己。"表述正確。故答案為√。18.答案：×解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9:30intheevening."可知，他們每天早上5點至11點跑步，11點至下午5點是休息的，下午5點至晚上9:30跑步，因此他們一天跑十個半小時，題干"這些人每天都要跑上八個半小時。"表述錯誤。故答案為×。19.答案：√解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Itwasoftenveryhotduringdayandtheheatmadethemsick."可知，有時天氣太熱會讓他們感到不舒服，題干"他們有時會感到不舒服，因為天氣太熱了。"表述正確。故答案為√。20.答案：×解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Sometimesitwasverywindyandtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost."可知，他們有時候會迷路，題干"他們從未迷路，并完成了穿越撒哈拉沙漠的旅行。"表述錯誤。故答案為×。21.答案：√解析：根據(jù)第一段中的Asoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes,(絲綢是制作衣服的最佳材料之一，）可知，這與題干（絲綢是制作衣服的最好材料之一。）描述相符，故填：√。22.答案：×解析：根據(jù)第二段中的LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingteaunderamulberrytreewhenasilkwormcocoonfellintoheritstartedtounwindandthe"line"seemedendless.