高級英語詞匯

Realtor

RealtorRealtors

ARealtorisapersonwhosejobistosellhouses,buildings,andland,andwhoisamemberoftheNationalAssociationofRealtors.(TRADEMARK)(AM;inBRITuseestateagent)

N-COUNTalsorealtor.dysfunction

dysfunction/d?s?f??k.??n/noun[C]SPECIALIZED

aproblemorfaultinapartofthebodyoramachine:

Thereappearstobeadysfunctioninthepatient'srespiratorysystem.

dysfunctional/d?s?f??k.??n.?l/

adjectiveSPECIALIZED

notbehavingorworkingnormally:

adysfunctionalfamilyapartheid/??pɑ?tha?t,-he?t;?ˋpɑrtet/n[U](inSAfrica)(officialgovernmentpolicyof)racialsegregation,separatingEuropeansandnon-Europeans（南非）歐洲人與非歐洲人的種族隔離（的政府政策）.thelong-awaiteddismantling(=end)ofapartheidheterogeneous/?het?r??d?i?n??s;?h?t?r?ˋd?in??s/adjmadeupofdifferentkinds;variedincomposition由不同種類組成的;成分混雜的:theheterogeneouspopulationoftheUSA,ieofmanydifferentraces由不同種族組成的美國人口.Cf參看\o"查找:homogeneous"homogeneous.>heterogeneity/-d???ni??t?;-d??ˋni?t?/n[U].heterogeneouslyadv.truncate/tr???ke?t;US?tr??ke?t;ˋtr??ket/v[Tnesppassive尤用於被動語態(tài)]shorten(sth)bycuttingoffthetoporend截去（某物）的頂端或末端;將（某物）截短:atruncatedcone,pyramid,etc截錐﹑截角錐*publishedherarticleintruncatedform以節(jié)錄形式發(fā)表她的文章.deform/d??f??m;d?ˋf?rm/v[Tn]spoiltheshapeorappearanceof(sth)毀壞（某物的）形狀或外觀;使（某物）變形或成畸形:deformastructure,limb,spine使一結構﹑肢體﹑脊柱變形.

>deformation/?di?f???me??n;?dif?rˋme??n/n(a)[U]processofdeforming變形;畸形.(b)[C]resultofthis變形的結果:adeformationofthespine脊柱的畸變.

deformedadj(ofthebody,orpartofit)badlyorunnaturallyshaped（指身體或身體之局部）嚴重變形的,畸形的:Shehasadeformedfootandcan'twalkveryeasily.她有一只腳畸形,行動不方便.monstrous/?m?nstr?s;ˋmɑnstr?s/adj

shocking,unjustorabsurd;outrageous令人震驚的;不公正的;荒謬的;兇暴的:amonstrouslie厚顏無恥的謊言*monstrouscrimes駭人聽聞的罪行*It'sabsolutelymonstroustopaymenmorethanwomenforthesamejob.男女同工而報酬男多於女,簡直太不像話了.

likeamonsterinappearance;uglyandfrightening似怪物的;丑惡而可怕的:themonstrousformofafire-breathingdragon噴火巨龍可怕的形狀.

extremelylarge;gigantic極大的;巨大的.

>monstrosity/m?n?str?s?t?;mɑnˋstrɑs?t?/nthingthatislargeandveryugly巨大而丑陋的東西:Thatnewmulti-storeycar-parkisanuttermonstrosity!那座新建的多層停車場難看極了!

monstrouslyadvsuburbanitesub·ur·ban·ite/s??b??b?na?tUS-?b??r-/n[C]

someonewholivesinasuburb-oftenusedtoshowdisapproval

Patsy'sfatherisatypicalsuburbanite.devoid/d??v??d;d?ˋv??d/adj[pred作表語]~ofsthwithoutsth;completelylackinginsth沒有或毫無某事物:acriminalutterlydevoidofconscience天良喪盡的罪犯.amplify/??mpl?fa?;ˋ?mpl??fa?/v(pt,pp-fied)[Tn]

increase(sth)insizeorstrength放大或增強（某事物）:amplifythesound,electriccurrent,signal增強聲音﹑電流﹑信號.

adddetailsto(astory,etc);makefuller補充敘述（故事﹑事件等）;詳述:Wemustaskyoutoamplifyyourstatement.我們得請你對你的說法作進一步的說明.

>amplification/??mpl?f??ke??n;??mpl?f?ˋke??n/n[U].

amplifierndeviceforamplifying(espsoundsorradiosignals)放大器;（尤指）擴音器,擴大器,揚聲器.qualitytime

qualitytimenoun[U]timethatyouspendwithsomeone,givingthemyourfullattentionbecauseyouvaluetherelationship:

Hemakessurehespendsafewhoursqualitytimewithhischildreneveryday.fortress/?f??tr?s;ˋf?rtr?s/ncastleorlargefort;townstrengthenedagainstattack城堡或大的碉堡;加強防御能力的城鎮(zhèn):attemptstocapturethiswell-protectedfortress奪取這座堅固堡壘的多次進攻.trampoline/?tr?mp?li?n;ˋtr?mp?lin/nsheetofstrongfabricattachedbyspringstoaframe,usedbygymnastsforjumpinghighintotheairtodosomersaults,etc蹦床,彈床（體操器械）.

>trampolinev[I]useatrampoline在蹦床上彈跳:enjoytrampolining玩跳蹦床游戲.porch/p??t?;p?rt?/n

coveredentrancetoabuilding,espachurchorhouse門廊（尤指教堂或房子的.realm/relm;r?lm/n

(fmlorrhet文或修辭)kingdom王國:thedefenceoftherealm捍衛(wèi)國家*coins,peers,lawsoftherealm王國的錢幣﹑貴族﹑法律.

(fig比喻)fieldofactivityorinterest;sphere（活動或興趣的）領域,范圍:intherealmofliterature,science,etc在文學﹑科學等領域里*therealmsoftheimagination想像的境界.indigenous/?n?d?d??n?s;?nˋd?d??n?s/adj~(tosth)(fml文)belongingnaturally(toaplace);native本地的;土產的;當地的;土生土長的:KangaroosareindigenoustoAustralia.袋鼠產於澳大利亞.*theindigenouslanguage,culture,etc,ieofthepeopleregardedastheoriginalinhabitantsofanarea本地的語言﹑文化等.tavern/?t?v?n;ˋt?v?n/n(archorrhet古或修辭)innorpublichouse客棧;酒店;酒館.implication/??mpl??ke??n;??mpl?ˋke??n/n

[C,U]~(forsb/sth)thingthatissuggestedorimplied;thingnotopenlystated含意;暗示;暗指:Studytheimplicationsofthepresident'sstatement.研究總統(tǒng)聲明的含義.*Thenewreporthasfar-reachingimplicationsforthefutureofbroadcasting.這一新報告對廣播業(yè)的前途有些意味深長的暗示.*Failuretosay`No'may,byimplication,betakentomean`Yes'.沒表示否定,其含義可能理解為是肯定的.

[U]involvingorbeinginvolved,espinacrime卷入,牽連（尤指於罪行中）:Thetrialresultedintheimplicationofseveralmajorfiguresintheorganization.審訊結果表明這個組織中幾個主要人物都牽連在案.agenda/??d?end?;?ˋd??nd?/n(listof)mattersofbusinesstobediscussedatameeting,etc在會議上要討論的事項（單）;議事單;議程表:Whatisthenextitemontheagenda?議程表上的下一項是什麼?*Theagendaforthemeetingisasfollows這次會議的議程如下arousearouse/??ra?z/verb[T]

1tocausesomeonetohaveaparticularfeeling:

It'sasubjectwhichhasarousedalotofinterest.

Oursuspicionswerefirstarousedwhenweheardamuffledscream.

Seealsorouse.

2tocausesomeonetofeelsexualexcitement

aroused/??ra?zd/

adjective

sexuallyexcited

arousal/??ra?.z?l/

noun[U]

astateof(sexual)arousal(=beingsexuallyexcited)pernicious/p??n???s;p?ˋn???s/adj(fml文)~(tosb/sth)havingaveryharmfulordestructiveeffect(onsb/sth)有害的;惡性的;破壞性的:aperniciousinfluenceonsociety對社會有害的影響*aperniciouscampaigntoblackenhischaracter旨在詆毀他的人格的惡意宣傳活動*Pollutionofthewatersupplyreachedalevelpernicioustothehealthofthepopulation.水源污染已達到危及居民健康的程度.>perniciouslyadv.perniciousnessn[U].

#per,niciousa`naemia(medical醫(yī))severeformofanaemiathatissometimesfatal惡性貧血.insulate/??nsjule?t;US-s?l-;ˋ?ns??let/v

[I,Ipr,Tn,Tn.pr]~(sth)(from/againststh)(withsth)protect(sth)bycoveringitwithamaterialthatpreventssth(espheat,electricityorsound)frompassingthrough使（某事物）隔離或絕緣（尤指對熱量﹑電流或聲音）:materialwhichinsulateswell絕緣性能良好的材料*insulatepipesfromlossofheatwithfoamrubber用泡沫橡膠封裹管道以防熱量損失.

[Tn.pr]~sb/sthfrom/againststh(fig比喻)protectsb/sthfromtheunpleasanteffectsofsth使某人[某物]與不良影響隔絕:childrencarefullyinsulatedfromharmfulexperiences受到細心保護免受不良影響的孩子們*Index-linkedpayrisesinsulatedthemagainstinflationarypriceincreases.與生活指數掛鉤的工資增長使他們免受通貨膨脹帶來的損失.

>insulatedadjprotectedinthisway（受到）絕緣的,隔熱的,隔音的:aninsulatedwire,ietoavoidanelectricshock絕緣電線*awell-insulatedhouse,ietoavoidlossofheat隔熱性能良好的房子.

insulatingadjgivingthiskindofprotection（提供）絕緣的,隔熱的,隔音的:insulatingmaterials絕緣材料.

insulation/??nsju?le??n;US-s??l-;??ns?ˋle??n/n[U](a)insulatingor(stateof)beinginsulated隔離;隔絕;絕緣;隔熱;隔音:Foamrubberprovidesgoodinsulation.泡沫橡膠隔絕性能良好.(b)materialsusedforthis絕緣﹑隔熱或隔音等的材料:packthewallcavitywithinsulation用隔熱材料填充壁腔.

insulator/??nsjule?t?(r);US-s?l-;ˋ?ns??let?/nsubstanceordeviceforinsulating,espaporcelainsupportforbareelectricwiresandcables絕緣﹑隔熱或隔音等的物質或裝置;（尤指）絕緣子.

#`insulatingtapetapeusedforcoveringjoinsinelectricalwires,preventingthepossibilityofanelectricalshock絕緣膠帶;電線膠布.dismantle/d?s?m?ntl;d?sˋm?ntl/v[Tn]

take(sth)topieces將（某物）拆開;拆除（某物）:dismantleafaultymotor,machine,etc(forrepairs)把有毛病的發(fā)動機﹑機器等拆開（以便修理）*dismantleanexhibition,atheatricalset,etc把所有展品﹑戲劇布景等拆除*(fig比喻)Weshoulddismantleourinefficienttaxsystem.我們這個效益很差的稅收制度應該廢除.

removefittingsandfurnishingsfrom(abuildingorship)拆除（建筑物或船只）的裝備.unravel/?n?r?vl;?nˋr?vl/v(-ll-;US-l-)[I,Tn]

(causesthwoven,knottedortangledto)separateintostrands（使編織﹑編結或糾結之物）解開,拆開:Myknittinghasunravelled.我編織的東西散開了.*unravelacardigan,aballofstring把對襟毛衣﹑一團細繩拆開.Cf參看\o"查找:ravel"ravel.

(fig比喻)(causesthto)becomeclearorsolved（使某事物）變清楚或獲解決:Themysteryunravelsslowly.那件神秘的事漸漸明朗了.*unravelaplot,puzzle,etc揭露陰謀﹑解決難題.dire/?da??(r);da?r/adj

(fml文)dreadful;terrible可怕的;極糟的:adiresituation,crisis,etc可怕的處境﹑嚴重的危難*Thefirmisindirestraits(ieinaverydifficultsituation)andmaygobankrupt.這商行已陷入岌岌可危的境地,可能要破產了.*(joc謔)Thefilmwesawwasabsolutelydire!我們看的那部電影差勁透了!

(infml口)extreme極端的:We'reindireneedofyourhelp.我們太需要你的幫助了.conduce/k?n?dju?s;US-?du?s;k?nˋdus/v[Ipr]~to/towardssth(fml文)helptobringsthabout有助於產生（某事物）;導致;有益於:Agooddietconducestogoodhealth.良好的飲食有益於健康.

>conducive/k?n?dju?s?v;US-?du?s-;k?nˋdus?v/adj[pred作表語]~tosthallowingorhelpingsthtohappen容許或有助於某事物發(fā)生;有益:Thesenoisyconditionsaren'treallyconducivetoconcentratedwork.這嘈雜的環(huán)境實在不利於專心工作.paranoid/?p?r?n??d;ˋp?r??n??d/(alsoparanoiac)adjof,like,sufferingfromorshowingparanoia（似）（患）有偏執(zhí)狂或妄想狂的;多疑的:paranoidfears偏執(zhí)恐懼癥*paranoidschizophrenia妄想型精神分裂癥*She'sgettingparanoidaboutwhatotherpeoplethinkofher.她越來越懷疑別人對自己有什麼看法.*Idon'tthinkshelikesmeoramIjustbeingparanoid?我認為她不喜歡我--難道只是我多心嗎?

>paranoidnparanoidperson（似）（患）有偏執(zhí)狂或妄想狂的人;多疑的人.perpetrate/?p??p?tre?t;ˋp?p??tret/v[Tn](fmlorjoc文或謔)(a)commit(acrime,etc)犯（罪等）:perpetrateadreadfuloutrage犯下暴行.(b)beguiltyof(ablunder,anerror,etc)做（錯事）;犯（過失）:Whoperpetratedthatdreadfulextensiontothefrontofthebuilding?誰在那樓房正面加蓋了那麼一截討厭的建筑物?

>perpetration/?p??p??tre??n;?p?p?ˋtre??n/n[U].

perpetratornpersonwhocommitsacrimeordoessthconsideredoutrageous犯罪者;作惡者;犯過者:theperpetratorofahoax詐騙犯.massacre/?m?s?k?(r);ˋm?s?k?/n

cruelkillingofalargenumber(ofpeopleoranimals)大屠殺:themassacreofthousandsofpeoplefortheirreligiousbeliefs因宗教信仰原因而對千萬人的大屠殺.

(infml口)defeat(ofateam)byalargenumberofpoints,etc（運動隊的）慘敗:Thegamewasa10-0massacre.比賽結果是10-0慘敗.

>massacrev[Tn]

1killlargenumbersof(peopleoranimals)大量屠殺（人或動物）.

2(infml口)defeat(ateam)byalargenumberofpoints,etc以懸殊比分等戰(zhàn)勝（某運動隊）:Weweremassacredinthefinal.我們在決賽中慘敗.shun/??n;??n/v(-nn-)[Tn,Tg]keepawayfrom(sth/sb);avoid避開,回避（某事物[某人]）;避免:shuntemptation,publicity,otherpeople避開誘惑﹑避免出風頭﹑躲避別人*Sheshunsbeingphotographed.她不愿別人給她照相.admonish/?d?m?n??;?dˋmɑn??/v(fml文)

[Tn,Tn.pr]~sb(for/againststh)giveamildbutfirmwarningorscoldingtosb溫和而嚴正地警告或責備某人:Theteacheradmonishedtheboysforbeinglazy.老師責備男學生懶惰.

[Dn.t]adviseorurge(sb)seriously勸告或告誡（某人）:Sheadmonishedustoseekprofessionalhelp.她勸我們向專業(yè)人士求助.

>admonishment,admonition/?dm??n??n;??dm?ˋn???n/ns[U,C](fml文)warning警告.

admonitory/?d?m?n?tr?;US-t??r?;?dˋmɑn??t?r?/adj(fml文)admonishing勸告的;輕責的:anadmonitoryletter,toneofvoice勸告的信﹑語氣.recreation/?rekr??e??n;?r?kr?ˋe??n/n[C,U](meansof)refreshingorentertainingoneselfafterwork;relaxation業(yè)余消遣或娛樂（的方式）;（身心的）放松;休憩:Myfavouriterecreationischess.我最喜歡的娛樂是下國際象棋.*walkandclimbmountainsforrecreation為消遣而散步和爬山*Gardeningisaformofrecreation.園藝活動是一種消遣方式.

>recreational/-??nl;-??nl/adjoforforrecreation消遣的;娛樂的:takepartinrecreationalactivities參加娛樂活動*recreationalfacilities,egsportsgrounds,swimming-pools娛樂設施（如運動場﹑游泳池）.

#recre`ationground(abbr縮寫rec)publicly-ownedareaoflandusedforadultsportsorgames,orhavingswings,slides,etcforchildren（公共的）游樂場.

recre`ationroom(alsorecroom)(US)roominaprivatehouseusedforgames,relaxation,entertainment,etc（私人住宅中的）康樂室.infra/??nfr?;ˋ?nfr?/adv(Latinfml拉,文)furtheron(inabook,etc);below（書等的）下文,在下面:seeinfra參看下文.Cf參看\o"查找:vide"vide.

#,infra`dig/d?g;d?ɡ/[pred作表語](infmloftenjoc口,常作戲謔語)beneathone'sdignity;demeaning有失尊嚴;有失身分:Dancinginthestreetisratherinfradigforabankmanager!一個銀行經理在街上跳舞,那是頗失身分的!

,infra-`redadjofthe(invisible,heat-giving)raysbelowtheredinthespectrum紅外線的.Cf參看\o"查找:ultraviolet"ultraviolet.

`infrastructuren(a)subordinateparts,installations,etcthatformthebasisofasystem,anorganizationoranenterprise(egofanarmy)（組成一制度﹑企業(yè)或組織如軍隊的）基礎結構,基礎設施.(b)(economics經)stockoffixedcapitalequipmentinacountry(egroads,railways,power-stations,watersupply,etc)基礎設施,基礎結構（國家的固定基本設備,如公路﹑鐵路﹑發(fā)電站﹑供水裝置等）.facilitate/f??s?l?te?t;f?ˋs?l??tet/v[Tn](fml文)(ofanobject,aprocess,etcbutnotofaperson)make(sth)easyorlessdifficult（指物體﹑過程等,但不用於指人）使（某事物）容易或減少困難:Itwouldfacilitatemattersifyouweremoreco-operative.要是你再合作些就省事了.>facilitation/f??s?l??te??n;f??s?l?ˋte??n/n[U].affirm/??f??m;?ˋf?m/v

[Tn,Tf,Dn.pr,Dpr.f]~sth(tosb)statesthasthetruth;assertsth肯定某事物屬實;斷言某事物:Sheaffirmedherinnocence.她堅稱自己無罪.*Heaffirmedthathewasresponsible.他肯定是他負責.Cf參看\o"查找:deny"deny.

[I](law律)makeasolemndeclarationincourtinsteadofswearinganoath（在法庭上不經宣誓而）鄭重陳詞.

>affirmation/??f??me??n;??f?ˋme??n/n

1[C,U](actof)affirming肯定;斷言:Thepoemisajoyousaffirmationofthepoweroflove.這首詩以歡快的筆觸肯定了愛情的力量.

2[C](a)thingthatisaffirmed肯定的事物.(b)(law律)solemndeclarationmadeincourtinsteadofanoath（在法庭上不經宣誓而作的）鄭重陳詞.affirmative/??f??m?t?v;?ˋf?m?t?v/adj(ofwords,etc)expressingagreement;indicating`yes'（指言語等）表示同意的;意為‘是的’;肯定的:anaffirmativereply,nod,reaction表示同意的回答﹑點頭﹑反應.Cf參看\o"查找:negative"negative.

>affirmativen

wordorstatementthatexpressesagreement表示同意的詞語或陳述.

(idm習語)intheaf`firmative(fml文)expressingagreement表示同意:Heansweredintheaffirmative,iesaid`yes'.他作了肯定的回答.

affirmativelyadv.predatory/?pred?tr?;US-t??r?;ˋpr?d??t?r?/adj

(ofanimals)(livingby)killingotheranimalsforfood（指動物）捕食其他動物的,食肉的:predatorybirds捕食動物的鳥*Thedomesticatedcatretainsitspredatoryinstincts.貓依然保持著捕食動物的天性.

(a)(forthepurposeof)plundering掠奪的;以掠奪為目的的:predatorygroupsofbandits搶劫財物的匪幫*apredatoryattack掠奪性的攻擊.(b)(derogorjoc貶或謔)(ofaperson)wishingtoexploitothersforfinancialorsexualreasons（指人）（在財務或性關系方面）企圖奴役他人的:predatoryadvances,attentions,etc好色者的勾引﹑殷勤等*Wewerepesteredbypredatorysalesmen.貪心的商人敲了我們竹杠.spiral/?spa??r?l;ˋspa?r?l/adjadvancingorascendinginacontinuouscurvethatwindsroundacentralpoint螺旋形的;盤旋的:aspiralstaircase螺旋式樓梯*Asnail'sshellisspiralinform.蝸牛殼是螺旋形的.

>spiraln

(a)spiralline螺線.(b)objectthathasaspiralshape螺旋狀的物體.

continuousincreaseordecreaseintwoormorequantitiesalternatelybecauseeachdependsontheother(s)互為前提的至少兩個量之間的交替上升或下降:aninflationaryspiral螺旋式上升的通脹*thespiralofrisingwagesandprices工資和物價的交替上升.

(idm習語)aviciousspiral=>\o"查找:vicious"vicious.

spiralv(-ll-;USalso-l-)

1[Ipr,Ip]moveinaspiralcourse螺旋形移動;盤旋移動:Thefallingleafspiralledtotheground.落葉盤旋著飄到了地上.*Thesmokespiralledupwards.那股煙裊裊上升.

2[I,Ip]increaseordecreasecontinuously連續(xù)增長或減少:Pricesarestillspiralling,ieincreasingrapidly.物價仍在急劇上漲.

spirallyadv:aspirallyboundbook,iewithitspagesheldtogetherbywirebentspirally用螺旋絲裝訂的書.counteract/?kaunt??r?kt;?ka?nt?ˋ?kt/v[Tn]actagainstandreducetheforceoreffectof(sth)對抗;抵消:counteract(theeffectsof)apoison,sb'sbadinfluence,etc消解毒性（的作用）﹑清除某人的不良影響*Wemustcounteractextremismintheparty.我們應該抵制黨內的極端主義.

>counteraction/?kaunt??r?k?n;?ka?nt?ˋ?k??n/n[U]counteracting對抗;抵銷;中和.rage/re?d?;red?/n

[U,C](a)(fitof)violentanger（一陣）狂怒;盛怒（之爆發(fā)）:tremblingwithrage氣得直哆嗦*white/lividwithrage氣得臉色發(fā)白[發(fā)青]*bein/flyintoa(towering)rage勃然大怒*Herragesdon'tlastlong.她發(fā)脾氣很快就消氣.(b)(fig比喻)(instanceof)violenceinnature大自然的狂暴:Thestorm'sragecontinued.暴風雨肆虐不已.

(idm習語)allthefashion/rage=>\o"查找:fashion"fashion.

>ragev

1(a)[I,Ipr]~(at/againstsb/sth)showviolentanger大發(fā)脾氣;動怒:Heragedagainstmefordisagreeing.他因我有異議對我大發(fā)雷霆.*Iragedforhoursatthedecision.我對這個決定幾小時怒不可遏.(b)[I](ofstorms,fires,battles,etc)continueviolently（指暴風雨﹑火勢﹑戰(zhàn)斗等）猛烈地繼續(xù)下去.

2[I,Ipr](espofillnesses)spreadrapidly（尤指疾?。┭杆俾?Afluepidemicragedthroughtheschoolforweeks.流感在這所學校里蔓延了幾個星期.

ragingadj[attrib作定語]extremeorpainful極端的;痛苦的:raginghunger,thirst,passion極其餓﹑渴﹑熱情*havearagingheadache,toothache,etc頭痛﹑牙痛...已極.misbecome

e

AHD:

[m1s”b1-k?m“]

D.J.

[7m!sb!6kJm]

K.K.

[7m!sb!6kJm]v.tr.（及物動詞）

mis.be.camee.ingesTobeunsuitableorinappropriatefor對…不合適或與…不相稱dash11/d??;d??/n

[sing]~(forsth)suddenforwardmovement突進;猛沖:tomakeadashforfreedom,shelter為獲自由﹑遮掩處而急奔*Wejumpedintothecarandmadeadashfortheferry.我們跳上汽車,沖向碼頭.*Mothersaidlunchwasreadyandtherewasamaddashforthetable.母親說午飯做好了,大家一下子都向飯桌奔去.

[Cususing通常作單數](espUS)shortrace;sprint短跑;短距離賽跑:the100-metresdash100米賽跑.

[Cespsing尤作單數]a~(ofsth)smallamountofsthaddedormixed少量攙和物或混合物:adashofsalt少許鹽*redwithadashofblue略為發(fā)藍的紅色*Theflagaddsadashofcolourtothegreybuilding.那面旗子裝點著灰禿禿的大樓.

[sing]~(ofsth)(soundof)liquidstrikingorbeingthrownagainststh沖擊或濺灑液體（的聲音）:thedashofwavesontherocks波浪拍打巖石的聲音*Adashofwaterinhisfacewillrevivehim.向他臉上潑水能使他蘇醒.

[C]horizontalstroke()usedinwriting,printingandMorsecode破折號（--）.=>App3見附錄3.

[U]abilitytoactvigorously;energy活力;沖勁兒;精力;干勁:anofficerfamousforhisskillanddash以干練和干勁聞名的官員.

[C](infml口)=dashboard.

(idm習語)cuta`dashbeexcitingandstylish(inappearanceorbehaviour)（外表或舉止）神氣,有氣派,帥:Hereallycutsadashinhissmartnewuniform.他穿著漂亮的新制服真是神氣十足.makeabolt/dash/runforit=>\o"查找:bolt"bolt2.

#`dashboard(alsofacia,fascia)nboardorpanelbelowthewindscreenofamotorvehicle,carryingvariousinstrumentsandcontrols（機動車輛的）儀表板.dash2

/d??;d??/v

[I,Ipr,Ip]movesuddenlyandquickly;rush猛沖;突進:Imustdash(ieleavequickly),I'mlate.我得趕緊走了,已經晚了.*Hedashedoffwiththemoney.他帶著錢跑了.*Shedashedintotheshop.她沖進商店里.*Anambulancedashedtothesceneoftheaccident.救護車風馳電掣趕往事故現場.

[Ipr,Tn.pr,Tn.p](causesthto)strikeforcefully（使某物）猛撞,撞擊,碰撞:Wavesdashedagainsttheharbourwall.波浪撞擊著港口的墻基.*Hedashedtheglasstotheground.他把玻璃杯狠狠摔在地上.*Theboatwasdashedagainsttherocks.小船猛撞在礁石上.*Apassingcardashedmudalloverus.一輛汽車飛馳而過,濺了我們滿身泥.

(idm習語)dash(it)!(infmleuph口,婉)(usedasamilderwayofsayingdamn用如damn一詞,語氣稍輕):Dashit!I'vebrokenmypen.糟了!我把鋼筆弄斷了.

dash/shattersb'shopes=>\o"查找:hope"hope.

(phrv)dashsthoffwriteordrawsthquickly匆匆地寫或畫某事物:Shedashedoffalettertohermother.她給母親匆匆寫了一封信.

>dashingadj(a)livelyandexciting精神振奮的;精神抖擻的:adashingrider,officer,etc雄赳赳的騎馬人﹑官員等.(b)(ofclothes)smartandinteresting（指衣服）漂亮而有趣的,帥:adashinguniform,hat,etc很帥的制服﹑帽子等.dashinglyadv.chariot/?t??r??t;ˋt??r??t/nhorse-drawnopenvehiclewithtwowheels,usedinancienttimesinbattleandforracing敞篷雙輪馬車（古代用於戰(zhàn)爭或競賽）.

>charioteer/?t??r???t??(r);?t??r??tˋ?r/npersondrivingachariot（敞篷馬車的）馭者.retreat/r??tri?t;r?ˋtrit/v[I,Ipr,In/pr]

(espofanarmy,etc)withdrawafterbeingdefeatedorwhenfacedwithdangerordifficulty（尤指軍隊等）（戰(zhàn)敗後或面臨危險或困難時）撤退,退卻:forcetheenemytoretreat(behindtheirlines)迫使敵人退卻（至其陣線後）*crowdsretreatingbeforepolicefirehoses面對警方的消防水龍而退卻的群眾*Weretreatedhalfamile.我們後撤了半英里.Cf參看\o"查找:advance"advance22.

(fig比喻)goawaytoaplaceofshelterorprivacy退避;回避至自己的范圍:retreatintoaworldoffantasy遁入幻想世界*retreatfromthepubliceye避開公眾的眼睛.Cf參看\o"查找:retire"retire.

>retreatn

1[Cususing,U作可數名詞時通常作單數,亦作不可數名詞]actorinstanceofretreating撤退;退卻:Theministermadeanundignifiedretreatfromhisearlierposition.那部長很不光彩地背離了他原先的立場.*anorderlyretreatfromthecamp秩序井然的撤營*Thearmywasinfullretreat.軍隊已全線撤退.

2theretreat[sing]militarysignalforthis撤退信號:soundtheretreat,egonadrumorbugle發(fā)出撤退信號（如擊鼓或吹號）.

3(a)[U]withdrawalintoprivacyorseclusion退避;隱遁.(b)[C]placesuitableforthis靜居處;隱居處:spendweekendsatmycountryretreat在我的鄉(xiāng)間僻靜處過周末.(c)[U,C](religion宗)periodofwithdrawalfromworldlyactivitiesforprayerandmeditation靜修（期間）:gointo/beinretreat去靜修[於靜修中]*makeanannualretreat進行一年一度的靜修.wilderness

/?w?ld?n?s;ˋw?ld?n?s/n(ususing通常作單數)

areaofwilduncultivatedland;desert未開墾的荒地;荒漠;沙漠:theArcticwilderness北極的荒原.

~(ofsth)areawhereplants,espweeds,growinanuncontrolledway植物（尤指雜草）叢生的地方:Thegardenisturningintoawilderness.這個園子逐漸變成雜草叢生之處.*(fig比喻)awildernessofoldabandonedcars舊汽車的棄置地.

(idm習語)inthe`wildernessnolongerinanimportantorinfluential(esppolitical)position不再處於重要的或有影響的地位（尤指政治上）:AfterafewyearsinthewildernesshewasreappointedtotheCabinet.他消沉了幾年之後,又獲任命進入了內閣.martyr

/?mɑ?t?(r);ˋmɑrt?/n

personwhoiskilledormadetosuffergreatlybecauseofhis(espreligious)beliefs烈士;（尤指）殉道者:theearlyChristianmartyrs早期的基督教殉道者*Shediedamartyrinthecauseofprogress,iediedtryingtoachieveprogress.她為進步事業(yè)而犧牲.

(usuderog通常作貶義)personwhosuffersormakessacrifices,orpretendstodoso,inordertobeadmiredorpitied為博得贊賞或同情而受苦﹑自我犧牲的人:Healwaysactsthemartyrwhenhehastodothehousework.他一做家務事就裝成舍生取義的樣子.*Don'tmakesuchamartyrofyourself!你不必為博得贊賞而自我犧牲!

~tosth(infml口)constantsuffererfromsth長期受某物之苦:She'samartyrtorheumatism.她長期受風濕病的折磨.

>martyrv[Tnusupassive通常用於被動語態(tài)]kill(sb)ormake(sb)sufferasamartyr使（某人）殉難;處死（某人）使之成殉道者:HewasmartyredbytheRomans.他被羅馬人處死而成為殉道者.

martyrdom/?mɑ?t?d?m;ˋmɑrt?d?m/n[U,C]martyr'ssufferingordeath受苦;受難;殉難:suffermartyrdomatthestake,iebyburning遭火刑處死.proximity

/pr?k?s?m?t?;prɑkˋs?m?t?/n[U](fml文)~(tosth)nearnessinspaceortime;closeness（空間或時間上的）鄰近,接近:intheproximity(ieneighbourhood)ofthebuilding那座大樓附近*housesbuiltincloseproximitytoeachother緊挨在一起的房子*Therestaurantbenefitsfromitsproximitytoseveralcinemas.那家餐館位於幾家影院附近因而沾光.fancy1

/?f?ns?;ˋf?ns?/n

[U]powerofthemindtoimagine(espunrealthings)想像力（尤指對非現實的事物）:thenovelist'sfancy小說家的想像力.

[C]thingimagined想像之物:DidIreallyhearsomeonecomein,orwasitonlyafancy?我是真聽到有人進來還是僅僅是幻覺而已?*Ihaveafancy(ieavagueidea)thathewillbelate.我感覺他要遲到.

[sing]~(forsth)desire;liking渴望;喜愛:Ihaveafancyforsomewinetonight.我今晚想喝點酒.

[Cusupl通常作復數]smalldecoratedcake帶裝飾的小蛋糕:fanciesservedwithcoffee佐咖啡的漂亮小蛋糕.

(idm習語)catch/takesb'sfancypleaseorattractsb合某人的心意;吸引某人:Shesawadressintheshopwindowanditcaughtherfancyimmediately.她看見商店櫥窗里的一件連衣裙,立刻覺得很合心意.aflightoffancy=>\o"查找:flight"flight1.takeafancytosb/sthbecomefondofsb/sth,oftenwithoutanobviousreason喜歡上﹑愛上某人[某物]（常無明顯原因）:I'vesuddenlytakenafancytodetectivestories.我突然喜歡上了偵探小說.

#,fancy-`freeadj[usupred通常作表語]

1notinlove;notcommittedtoanything未在戀愛中;不受束縛.

2(idm習語)footlooseandfancy-free=>footloose(\o"查找:foot"foot1).fancy2

/?f?ns?;ˋf?ns?/adj

[attrib作定語](espofsmallthings)brightlycoloured;madetopleasetheeyeortaste（尤指小東西）色彩鮮艷的,悅目的,可口的:fancycakes/goods精美的蛋糕[物品].

notplainorordinary;unusual有裝飾的;不尋常的;精致的:That'saveryfancypairofshoes!那是一雙非常別致的鞋!

extravagantorexaggerated過度的;過分的:fancyideas,prices過分的想法﹑高昂的價格.

(espUS)(offood,etc)aboveaveragequality（指食物等）精選的,精美的:fancyvegetables精選的蔬菜.

[attrib作定語]bredforparticularpointsofbeauty因珍奇而特別培育的:fancydogs,pigeons,etc品種珍奇的狗﹑鴿子等.

#,fancy`dressunusualcostume,oftenhistoricalorfantastic,wornatparties聚會時所穿的奇裝異服（常為有歷史特色或別具一格的）:[attrib作定語]afancydressball化裝舞會.

`fancyman,`fancywoman(derogorjocinfml貶或謔,口)person'slover情夫;情婦;情人.fancy3

/?f?ns?;ˋf?ns?/v(pt,ppfancied)

[Tf]thinkorbelieve(sth);imagine想;以為;想像:Ifancy(that)it'sgoingtoraintoday.我看今天要下雨.*Hefanciesshelikeshim.他以為她喜歡他.*Hefanciedheheardfootstepsbehindhim.他好像聽到身後有腳步聲.

[Tn](infml口)haveadesireorwishfor(sth);want渴望或希望得到（某事物）;想要:Ifancyacupoftea.我想來杯茶.*Whatdoyoufancyforsupper?你晚飯喜歡吃甚麼?

[Tn](Britinfml口)find(sb)attractive喜愛（某人）:Heratherfanciesher.他很喜歡她.

[I,Tn,Tg,Tsg](usuimperative,expressingsurprise,disbelief,shock,etc通常用於祈使句,表示驚奇﹑不相信﹑震驚等):Fancythat!多奇怪呀!*Justfancy!真想不到!*Fancyherbeingsorude!她竟如此放肆!*Fancyneverhavingseenthesea!竟然從未見過大海!

(idm習語)fancyoneself(assth)(infml口)haveaveryhighopinionofoneself;beconceited自命不凡;自負:Sheratherfanciesherselfasasinger.她自以為是了不起的歌手.conviction

/k?n?v?k?n;k?nˋv?k??n/n

~(forsth)(a)[U]theconvictingofapersonforacrime定罪;科刑:anoffencewhichcarries,onconviction,asentenceofnotmorethanfiveyears'imprisonment定罪後可判處五年以下監(jiān)禁的罪行.(b)[C]instanceofthis定罪:Shehassixconvictionsfortheft.她有六次因盜竊而被判刑.

[U,C]~(that...)firmopinionorbelief堅定的看法或信仰:It'smyconviction(ieIfirmlybelieve)thatcomplacencyisattherootofourtroubles.我深信自滿情緒是我們各種問題的根源.*Doyoualwaysactinaccordancewithyourconvictions?你是否一貫地本著你的信念行事?

[U]believablequality可信性:She'dmadesuchpromisesbefore,andtheylackedconviction/didn'tcarrymuchconviction.她以前也作過這樣的許諾,但都不足信.

(idm習語)beopentoconviction=>\o"查找:open"open1.have/lackthecourageofone'sconvictions=>\o"查找:courage"courage.assure

/?????(r);US???u?r;?ˋ??r/v

(a)[Dn.f]tell(sb)positivelyorconfidently明確地或有信心地告訴（某人）;向（某人）保證:Iassureyouthey'llbeperfectlysafewithus.我向你保證,他們和我們在一起十分安全.*Theywereassuredthateverythingpossiblewasbeingdone.已經向他們保證,凡是可能做的都做到了.(b)[Tn.pr,Dn.f]~sb/oneself(ofsth)causesb/oneselftobesureorfeelcertainaboutsth使某人[自己]對某事物確信不疑或覺得肯定無誤:Theytriedtoassurehimoftheirwillingnesstowork.他們盡力使他相信他們樂意工作.*Shewasabletoassureherselfthatnothinghadbeentakenfromherpurse.她確信錢包里什麼東西都沒被拿走.

[Tn]make(sth)certain;ensure使（某事物）確定;確保:Hersuccessasanactresswasnowassured.她當演員很成功,已毋庸置疑了.

[Tn]insure(sth),espagainstsb'sdeath給（某事物）保險（尤指壽險）:Whatisthesumassured?人壽保險額是多少?

(idm習語)restassured=>\o"查找:rest"rest1.

>assured(alsoself-assured)adjconfident自信的;有把握的:Hispublicspeakingmannerisstillnotveryassured.他演講的神態(tài)還顯出有點缺乏自信.assuredly/?????r?dl?;US???u?r?dl?;?ˋ??r?dl?/adv(arch古)certainly確定地;肯定地.

theassuredn(plunchanged復數不變)personwhohasanassurancepolicyonhislife已保壽險的人.vex

/veks;v?ks/v(datedorfml舊或文)

[Tn]