高中一輪復習英語教師用書必修三Module1Europe

Module1Europe一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關)Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．bootn. 長統(tǒng)靴；皮靴2．continentaladj. 大陸的；大洲的3．landmarkn. 標志性建筑4．galleryn. 美術館；畫廊5．sculpturen. 雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen. 發(fā)源地[第二屏聽寫]7．civilisationn． 文明8．whereaboutsadv. 在哪里9．parliamentn. 國會；議會10．regionn. 地區(qū)；區(qū)域11．geographicaladj. 地理的12．featuren. 特點Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)[第三屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)crossprep. 橫過；穿過2．facevt. 面向；面對3．rangen. 山脈4．situatedadj. 坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的5．symboln. 象征；符號[第四屏聽寫]6．locatedadj. 位于7．a(chǎn)rchitectn. 建筑師8．projectn. 計劃；項目；工程9．a(chǎn)ncientadj. 古代的10．oppositeprep.在……對面[第五屏聽寫]11．signvt. 簽署12．a(chǎn)greementn. 協(xié)議；契約13．governvt. 統(tǒng)治；治理14．headn. 領袖；領導人15．representativen. 代表16．producen. 產(chǎn)品；農(nóng)產(chǎn)品[第六屏聽寫]17．because_of 因為；由于18．be_known_as 作為……而出名/聞名19．ever_since 自從……一直20．in_terms_of 據(jù)……；依照……21．on_the_other_hand 另一方面；反過來說22．little_by_little 一點點地；逐漸地二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點再過基本應用關)(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.bootn.長統(tǒng)靴；皮靴2．continentaladj.大陸的；大洲的3．landmarkn.標志性建筑4．galleryn.美術館；畫廊5.sculpturen．雕刻；泥塑6．birthplacen.發(fā)源地7．civilisationn.文明8．whereaboutsadv.在哪里9.parliamentn．國會；議會10．regionn.地區(qū)；區(qū)域11．geographicaladj.地理的12．featuren.特點表達單詞1.acrossprep.橫過；穿過2．facevt.面向；面對3．rangen.山脈；范圍4．symboln.象征；符號5．a(chǎn)rchitectn.建筑師6．projectn.計劃；項目；工程7．a(chǎn)ncientadj.古代的8．headn.領袖；領導人9．representativen.代表[語境活用]1．Facing(面對)thedifficulty,Ikeptcalmandtriedtothinkofawayout.2．Whentheriverfreezesover,wecanwalkacross(穿過)theice.3．Whitehasalwaysbeenasymbol(象征)ofpurityinWesterncultures.4．Thenewbuildingwasbuiltfromthedesignofafamousarchitect(建筑師)．5．Thisrestauranthasbeepopularforitswiderange(范圍)offoodsthatsuitalltastesandpockets.拓展單詞1.continentaladj.大陸的；大洲的→continentn．大陸；大洲2．situatedadj.坐落(某處)的；位于(某處)的→situationn．形勢；情況；位置→situatevt.使位于；使處于3．locatedadj.位于→locationn．位置→locatevt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居4．oppositeprep.在……對面→opposevt.反對5．signvt.簽署→signaturen．簽字；署名6．a(chǎn)greementn．協(xié)議；契約→disagreementn．不同意；分歧7．governvt.統(tǒng)治；治理→governmentn．政府[語境活用]1．Situatedatthefootofthemountain,thesmallvillageenjoysagoodsituationandduetothefastdevelopmentoftourism,ithasbeeaholidayresort.(situate)2．Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown,andthelocationisconvenientforme.(locate)3．Theywereindisagreementwithusatfirst,butaftermanytalkswitheachother,wesignedanagreement.(agreement)4．Youmustcrosstheriverifyouwanttogettotheopposite(oppose)bankoftheriver.5．Before1997,HongKongwasgovernedbytheBritishgovernment.(govern)(二)常用短語寫準記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.because_of因為；由于2．of_all_time有史以來3．be_known_as作為……而出名/聞名4．ever_since自從……一直5．in_terms_of據(jù)……；依照……；從……角度6．on_the_other_hand另一方面；反過來說7．little_by_little一點點地；逐漸地1.Thejobisgreatin_terms_of_salary,butithasitsdisadvantages.2．Theygraduatedtenyearsagoandhaskeptintouchwitheachother_ever_since.3．Hewasforcedtodropoutofschoolbecause_ofhisillness.4．Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,buton_the_other_hand,_IenjoyedtheworkI'mdoingatthemoment.5．Followthedoctor'sadviceafteroperationandyouwillpickuplittle_by_little.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構佳句仿寫1.BetweenFranceandSpainisanothermountainrange—thePyrenees.在法國和西班牙之間是另一座山脈——比利牛斯山脈。介詞短語位于句首引起的完全倒裝結構。體育館門前站著很多手拿鮮花的學生，他們在等待貴賓的到來。Infrontofthestadiumstood_many_studentsholdingflowerswaitingforthearrivalofthehonoredguests.2.Theirworkhasinfluencedotherwriterseversince.他們的作品影響了后世的作家。eversince“自從……一直”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。自從在學校認識至今，我們一直是朋友。Wehave_been_friends_ever_sincewemetatschool.3.TheexpandedEuropeanUnionhasapopulationofmorethanhalfabillionpeople,twiceasbigasthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.擴展后的歐盟人口超過五億，是美國人口的兩倍?！氨稊?shù)＋as＋adj./adv.的原級＋as...”結構。這條新公路是舊公路的三倍寬。Thisnewhighwayisthree_times_as_wide_astheoldone.(四)初中考點再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯類——勤覽1.fishermann．漁夫2.fall_over_摔倒3.feelfreetodosth.隨意做某事4.feelgoodaboutoneself自我感覺良好5.fightover與……爭吵1.catch_the_early_train趕上早班車2.stayawayfromthejunkfood遠離垃圾食品3.makeadifferenceto對……產(chǎn)生影響4.makenodifferenceto對……沒有影響5.haveastomachache胃疼1.threequarters四分之三2.haveayardsale舉行庭院拍賣會3.boardgame棋類游戲4.theteaartperformance茶藝表演5.noway沒門；不行一、過重點單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點)1．a(chǎn)crossprep.橫過；穿過；遍及；在……對面adv.橫過；穿過[高考佳句]Thelittlepupiltookhisgrandmabythearmandwalkedheracrossthestreet.(2015·陜西高考單選)這個小學生挽著奶奶的胳膊，扶她過了馬路。eacross 偶然遇見/發(fā)現(xiàn)getacross(to) 使被理解；使被接受[多角練透]單句語法填空①There'sahospitalrightacrossthestreet.選用上述短語填空②ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcame_acrossmynewneighbors.(2017·天津高考單選)③Agoodlecturerissupposedtomanagetoget_acrosstothelistenerswhathemeans.2．facevt.面向；面對n.面孔；表情；正面[教材原句]FranceisEurope'sthirdlargestcountryandfacestheUnitedKingdomacrosstheEnglishChannel.法國是歐洲第三大國家，隔英吉利海峽與英國遙相對望。(1)befacedwith 面臨；面對faceupto 勇敢面對(2)makeaface 做鬼臉facetoface 面對面inthefaceof 面對；在……面前[多角練透]單句語法填空①Facing(face)somuchtrouble,hedidn'tknowwhattodo.單句改錯②Thebuildingwhichfacestothebigriverislikelytobedestroyedbytheflood.去掉第一個to補全句子③municatingwithfriendsface_to_faceisawaytorelievepressurefromworkandlife.與朋友面對面地交流是緩解工作和生活壓力的一種方式。句型轉換④Facingincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→Faced_withincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.→In_the_face_ofincreasingenergylimits,Chinaneedsabreakthroughinminingandexploration.3．rangen．山脈；范圍；種類vi.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變化，變動[教材原句]BetweenItalyandFrance,thereisamountainrangecalledtheAlps.在意大利和法國之間有一座山脈叫作阿爾卑斯山脈。(1)in/withinrange(ofsth.) 在……范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(ofsth.) 在……范圍外arangeof 一系列(2)rangefrom...to.../rangebetween...and... 在……范圍內(nèi)變化；從……到……[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.(2017·北京高考單選)②Histheorywasbeyondrangeofhumanunderstandingatthattime.單句改錯③Whendrivingonhighways,thedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithintherangeof60km/hand120km/h.去掉range前的the補全句子④Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivities,wehavea_wider_range_of_choicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.除了這些傳統(tǒng)活動外，我們有一系列更廣的選擇，諸如旅游和走親訪友。4．oppositeprep.在……對面adj.對面的；相反的；對立的adv.在對面n.對立面；對立的人(或物)[高考佳句]OppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,whereyoucanhearsomelovelymusic.(2015·北京高考單選)對面是圣保羅教堂，在那里你能聽到一些優(yōu)美的音樂。(1)beoppositeto 與……相反/對立justtheopposite 恰恰相反(2)opposevt. 反對；與……對抗opposedoingsth. 反對做某事(3)opposedadj. 反對的；相反的beopposedto(doing)sth. 反對(做)某事[多角練透]單句語法填空①Atthatage,Ialwaysdidsomethingthatwasoppositetowhatevermyparentsdid!②Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.補全句子③Fatherisstronglyopposed_to_doing_shoppingonSundaybecausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.父親強烈反對星期天去買東西，因為街上和超市到處是人。④Shedidn'tmakeamistake—just_the_opposite,_whatshedidwasright.她沒有犯錯誤，恰恰相反，她所做的是正確的。5．signvt.簽署；簽名；和……簽約；示意n．符號；指示牌；手勢；跡象[教材原句]FranceandGermanyaren'tgoingtosigntheagreement.法國和德國不打算簽署這項協(xié)議。(1)signtosb.todosth. 示意某人做某事signin/out 簽到/簽退signup 報名參加(2)asignof... ……的標志/跡象[題點全練]單句語法填空①Ifyouareinterested,signuponourschoolwebsitebeforeAugust10.(2017·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)②Hewasdesperatelysigningtomenotto_mention(mention)anythingabouthim.③Forsafetyreasons,pleasesigninwhenyouarriveatthebuilding,andsignoutwhenyouleave.④Whileredisasignofwarmth,itcansometimesmakepeoplefeeluneasyorevenfrightened.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hehasawiderangeofinterests,ranging(range)fromstampcollectingtoskating.2．NeitheryounorIcanswimacrossthelakeinhalfanhour.3．Thecontractwilleintoeffectassoonasitis_signed(sign)．4．Anagreement(agree)withtheemployerswasfinallyreached.5．Thecountriesareindependentandare_governed(govern)indifferentways.6．Production(produce)isgoingupbecausewehaveintroducednewtechniques.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Don'tmakeface.Eatingvegetablesisgoodforyourhealth.face前加a2．Youaren'tallowedtowalkthroughthestreetuntilthegreenlightison.through→across3．Myviewontheprojectisjustoppositeyours.Thatistosay,Idon'tagreewithyouatall.opposite后加to4．Heisthemanager,andhiringandfiringarewithintherangeofhisresponsibilities.去掉range前的the5．Thetemple,locatinginthemiddleofthecity,datesbacktotheTangDynasty.locating→locatedⅢ.根據(jù)提示詞補全句子/一句多譯1．我們強烈建議你報名參加這門課程。(sign)Westronglyremendthatyousign_up_for_this_course.2．另外，他興趣廣泛，并且樂于助人。(range)What'smore,hehasa_wide_range_of_interestsandisalwaysreadytohelpothers.3．許多人認為傾聽是被動的行為，情況恰恰相反。(opposite)Manypeoplethinkthatlisteningisapassivebusiness.Itisjust_the_opposite.4．位于黃海海岸的這座城市已成為一個現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)中心。(situated)Thecity,(which_is)_situated_on_the_coast_oftheYellowSea,hasbeeamodernindustrialcenter.5．面對挑戰(zhàn)時你應該相信勇氣很重要。①When_you_face/are_faced_with_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(狀語從句)②Facing_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)③Faced_with_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(過去分詞短語作狀語)④In_the_face_of_challenges,_youshouldbelieveyourcourageiswhatmakesadifference.(介詞短語作狀語)二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學通學活靚人一眼)1．intermsof據(jù)……；依照……；就……而言[教材原句]Intermsofsizeandpopulation,howbigistheEuropeanUnionparedwithChina?就面積和人口而言，歐盟與中國相比有多大？inthelong/shortterm 從長遠/短期來看beongood/badtermswithsb. 與某人關系好/不好etotermswithsb. 與某人達成協(xié)議；與某人和解選用上述短語填空①Hefinallycame_to_terms_withthatpany.②Wehave_been_on_good_terms_withourneighborsandhelpedeachotherforalltheseyears.③Whattheyhavedoneisgoodfortheenvironmentin_the_long_term.④Wemustplanourworkin_terms_ofthenewsituationanditsneeds.2．ontheotherhand另一方面；反過來說[教材原句]InFrance,ontheotherhand,theheadofstateisapresident.另一方面，在法國，政府的首腦是總統(tǒng)。(1)on(the)onehand...;ontheotherhand...一方面……；另一方面(卻)……(2)foronething...;foranother...首先……；其次……/一則……；二則……選用上述短語填空①Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.On_the_other_hand,_itcouldjustputyouindebt.(2014·江西高考單選)②On_one_hand,_ourindustryisshortofenergysource,buton_the_other_hand,_agreatamountofenergysourceisbeingwasted.[名師指津]ontheonehand中的the可以省略，而ontheotherhand中的the不能省略。另外，ontheotherhand可以單獨使用。3．“介詞短語＋系動詞＋主語”的倒裝句式Between_France_and_Spain_is_another_mountain_range—thePyrenees.在法國和西班牙之間是另一座山脈——比利牛斯山脈。本句結構為“介詞短語＋系動詞＋主語”的全部倒裝句式。全部倒裝句式的結構為：(1)表示地點、方位或時間的副詞，如here,there,in,out,up,down,away,now,then等以及介詞短語，如infrontof,atthefootof等位于句首時，句子要用全部倒裝。此時謂語動詞一般為be動詞或lie,e,go,stand等動詞，且句子的主語為名詞。(2)形容詞或分詞位于句首也可用全部倒裝。(3)如果句子的主語為人稱代詞，不用倒裝語序。①Therestood_a_deskagainstthewallinmyroom.在我房間里靠墻放著一張書桌。②Bythewindowsat_a_young_manwithamagazineinhishand.窗戶邊坐著一位年輕人，手里拿著一本雜志。③Presentattheeveningpartywas_our_English_teacheryesterday.昨天我們的英語老師出席了晚會。④Lookatthelittledog!Here_it_runs.看這條小狗！它跑過來了。Ⅰ.選詞填空eq\x(ofalltime，intermsof，ontheotherhand，havecontrolover，littlebylittle)1．Thegovernmentshouldconsidertheproblemsin_terms_ofthepeople'sinterest.2．Weeachhavestrongpoints,buton_the_other_handeachofushasweakpoints.3．Parentsshouldhave_control_overwhattheirchildrenaredoingonline.4．Thenewmoviepromisestobeoneofthebiggestmoney-makersof_all_time.5．Ifyoustudyregularly,yourvocabularywillincreaselittle_by_little.Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關要求補全句子1．她中學時就作為學生歌手而出名。(beknownas)Shewas_known_as_a_student_singerwhenshewasamiddleschoolstudent.2．她五年前畢業(yè)，從那時起便一直當護士。(eversince)Sheleftschoolfiveyearsagoandhas_worked_as_a_nurse_ever_since.3．人們普遍認為應該根據(jù)學生的全面素質(zhì)來評價他們。(intermsof)Itisgenerallyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluatedin_terms_of_overall_quality.4．鳥巢的旁邊就是2008年建成的水立方。(全部倒裝)BythesideoftheBird'sNeststands_the_water_cube,_pletedin2008.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示進行句式升級1．Theyenteredtheclassroom,andanaughtyboysatinthefrontofit.(全部倒裝)→Theyenteredtheclassroom,inthefrontofwhichsat_a_naughty_boy.2．Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseshewasill,whichmadehermotherworried.(becauseof)→Shedidn'tgotoschoolbecause_of_her_illness,_whichmadehermotherworried.3．ThenewplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthreetimesaslargeasEarth,andhopefullyitcansupporthumanlife.(其他倍數(shù)表達法)→Thenewplanetdiscoveredrecentlyisalmostthree_times_bigger_than/the_size_ofEarth,andhopefullyitcansupporthumanlife.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——被動語態(tài)和主謂一致Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theywere_treated(treat)badlyintherestaurant,sotheysaidtheywouldn'tgothereanymore.2．Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeopleare_persuaded(persuade)toeatmorefruitsandvegetables.3．Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuildingremains(remain)now.4．Eitheryouoroneofyourclassmatesis(be)tobesenttoattendthetrainingclassfortheprojectnextweek.5．Experimentsofthiskindhad_been_conducted(conduct)inboththeU．S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Themeetingwaslastedfornearlytwohoursyesterday.去掉was2．Smartphoneaddictionhasbeenspreadlikeaninfectiousdiseaseduringthepastfewyears.去掉been3．NeitherAlicenorherfriendsisgoingtotheparkthisweekend.is→are4．Theprofessorandwriteraregivingusalectureabouthowtowriteapositionnow.are→is5．Thehouseaswellashistwocarshavecosthimallthemoneyheearnedduringthe20years.have→has(二)課堂微寫作練補寫——讓行文更條理[題目要求]隨著中國的西部大開發(fā)以及“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的不斷深入，越來越多的西方人對中國的中西部城市西安感興趣。請你寫一篇文章簡要介紹西安的文化、歷史和旅游名勝。注意：詞數(shù)100左右。參考詞匯：兵馬俑TerracottaWarriors大雁塔BigWildGoosePagoda[補寫提示]請按提示線索補寫下列習作中的中間段落。LocatedinMid-westernChina,Xi'anhasarichculturalhistory,andwastheimperialcapitalduring13dynasticperiods.很多著名的歷史遺跡→游客會對歷史文化遺跡感興趣作為西部開發(fā)的首要城市，西安是經(jīng)濟、文化、工業(yè)和教育中心，為游客提供很多現(xiàn)代化的便利→還可以享受美食Allinall,Xi'aniscertaintogiveyouanimpressiveviewtosatisfyyoureyes,yourmindandyourappetite.[答案示例]LocatedinMid-westernChina,Xi'anhasarichculturalhistory,andwastheimperialcapitalduring13dynasticperiods.There_are_many_famous_historical_relics,_such_as_Terracotta_Warriors_of_the_Qin_Dynasty_and_Big_Wild_Goose_Pagoda._Visitors_are_fascinated_with_the_numerous_historical_and_cultural_relics_in_and_around_the_city.Known_as_the_leading_city_of_China's_Western_Development_Program,_Xi'an_is_an_important_economic,_cultural,_industrial_and_educational_center_of_the_Mid-western_region,_providing_visitors_with_modern_and_convenient_facilities._In_addition_to_appreciating_the_wonderful_attractions,_you_can_also_enjoy_the_delicious_meals_provided_by_many_time-honored_brands.Allinall,Xi'aniscertaintogiveyouanimpressiveviewtosatisfyyoureyes,yourmindandyourappetite.eq\a\vs4\al(閱讀理解提速練)eq\a\vs4\al(4篇閱讀＋1篇七選五，限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)檢)TravelingtoEuropetoseeitsfamousmonumentsliketheEiffelTowerinParisandtheColosseum(古羅馬競技場)inRome,isnotexactlytheidealvacationforkids.Fortunately,Europehasmoretoofferthanlotsofoldchurchesandancienthistory.Youcanenjoysomefunwithyourkidsinthesunatsomeofthefamousbeachesofthecontinent.Mykonos,GreeceThecloseryougettotheequator,thelongerthebeachseasonis,andGreeceiswonderfulforthat.Youcanenjoybeautifulgreenwater,publicchairsandlovelyumbrellasatthebeachesinMykonos.Dubrovnik,CroatiaThere'snothingmoreattractivethanthebeautifulbeachesborderingDubrovnik,Croatia'smostbeautifulcity.It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.Italmostmakesyoufeellikeyou'resuntanning(日光浴)atHogwarts,wheretheheroHarryPotterofthestoryistrained!Sicily,ItalyRabbitBeachontheislandofSicilyoffersshallowandcrystalclearwaters,makingitaperfectbeachforfamilieswithyoungchildren.Andifyouwanttoaddinteresttoyourexperience,trysnorkeling(徒手潛水)．Nice,FranceLinedwithpalmtreesandfirst-classhotels,thecityofNice,locatedontheFrenchRiviera,offersawholecoastlineofMediterraneanbeaches.Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.Soifyou'relookingforsomethingmoreprivate,you'llhavetotravelafewmilesoutsideofthecitycenter.Ribadeo,SpainAtlowtide,PlayadelasCatedralesinRibadeo,Spainistheperfectbeachtotakeinthenaturalwonderswithouturbanamusementslikerestaurants,barsorhugecrowds.Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾個適合孩子去度假的歐洲旅游勝地。)1.WhatmakesDubrovniksospecial?A．Itissurroundedbystonewalls.B．Ithasthemostattractivecoastline.C．Ithasthelongestbeachseason.D．ItisthetrainingcenterofHarryPotter.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“There'snothingmoreattractive...It'ssurroundedbystonewallslikeacastle.”可知，克羅地亞的杜布羅夫尼克的特別之處就是它像城堡一樣被石墻圍繞。2．Ifyouplantogotoabeachinthecity,whereshouldyougo？A．Mykonos. B．Sicily.C．Nice. D．Ribadeo.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第二句“Becausethey'reintheheartofthecity,thesebeachesattractalargecrowd.”可知，選C。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutRibadeo?A．Visitorscantrysnorkelingthere.B．Itoffersvisitorsfirst-classhotels.C．Ithasrestaurants,barsandhugecrowds.D．Visitorscanenjoyuniquerockformationsthere.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Itboastsbeautifulwildflowersanduniquerockformationsmakingittrulyapictureworthy.”可知，游客們可以欣賞到西班牙的里瓦德奧獨一無二的巖石構造。4．Whatdoallthebeacheshaveinmon?A．Theyhavebeautifulwildflowers.B．TheyarefamousEuropeanbeaches.C．Theyarewell-knownfortheirgreenwater.D．Theyprovidevisitorswithurbanamusements.解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段多處出現(xiàn)的Europe和“Youcanenjoysomefun...thecontinent.”可知，文章中介紹的所有景點都在歐洲，結合全文可知，這些景點都是海灘。BIhavelivedinAmerica'scountrysidefornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIwasgettingmyuniversitydegree;thenincentralIllinois;andnowinIndiana,whereIamauniversityteacher.TherewereafewthingsIenjoyedplaining(抱怨)aboutinmylivingarea.I'mavegetarian(素食者),sothere'snowheretogooutforanicedinnerwithouttakinga50-miledrive.I'mblack,sothere'snowheretogetmyhairdonewithoutanother50-miledrive.Irepeatedtheseplaintstomyparentsandmyfriends.Sometimesitseemedlikeplaintswerethemonlanguageinmycircle.Weallweredissatisfiedwithsomething.BackinIllinois,myfriendsplainedaboutthetraintoChicagoandhowit'sneverontime;myfriendsinbiggercitiesplainedabouttheexpensiverentandstrangesmellsonthesubway.plainingallowsustoaccepttheimperfectwithouthavingtotakeaction.Weallhavegreatideasaboutwhatlifewouldbelikeifonlywehadthis,ordidthat,orlivedthere.Perhapsplaininghelpsbridgethelargespacebetweentheseperfectselvesandreality.There'salsothis:Ireallydidn'twanttochangemostofthethingsIplainedabout.plainingwashelpfulonthosedayswhenhappinessrequiredtoomuchenergy.Butitalsomademelosesightofsomething.IwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIwenttothecoasts,Iwassurprisedbyhowunattractivebig-citylivingcanbe.plainingmayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectplace.Thereisnoperfectlife.Therewillalwaysbesomethingtoplainabout.Byfocusingon(關注)myplaints,Iriskedmissingoutonimportantmomentsofhappiness.Now,Ilookupintothenightskyandseeallthestars.AndIknowthatIhavenothingtoplainabout.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者曾是一個愛抱怨的人，然而她最終意識到抱怨不會帶來任何改變還會使她錯過許多美好的時刻。5．Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A．Shelikesdrivinginthecountryside.B．Sheisverypickyaboutherhair.C．Sheisawelleducatedwoman.D．Sheoftengoesoutfordinner.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Iwasgettingmyuniversitydegree”和“Iamauniversityteacher”可知，作者是一個受過良的人。6．Afterplaining,theauthorprobably________.A．hadadeeperunderstandingofrealityB．triedtomakeherselfmoreperfectC．gotsadderabouthersituationD．remainedunchanged解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“plainingallowsustoaccepttheimperfectwithouthavingtotakeaction.”和第四段中的“Ireallydidn'twanttochangemostofthethingsIplainedabout”可推測，作者抱怨過后基本不作出任何改變。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something”inParagraph4referto?A．Thefactthattheauthorlikedthecountryside.B．Thedifferencebetweensmallandbigcities.C．Thedifficultyinfindinghappiness.D．Thepurposeoftheauthor'slife.解析：選A代詞指代題。畫線詞something指的是后面的兩句“IwasbornandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostofmylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIwenttothecoasts,Iwassurprisedbyhowunattractivebig-citylivingcanbe.”由此可知，作者想表達她所忽略的事情是：她生養(yǎng)于有著大片平原的內(nèi)布拉斯加，并且一點兒都不羨慕大城市的生活，即：她曾經(jīng)非常喜愛鄉(xiāng)村生活的事實。8．Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto________.A．makeherplaintsB．tellustostopplainingC．paredifferentlifestylesD．telluslifeisthesameanywhere解析：選B寫作目的題。根據(jù)最后一段特別是最后一句“AndIknowthatIhavenothingtoplainabout.”可知，作者寫作此文旨在告訴我們應該停止抱怨生活，并且希望我們可以更多地關注生活中的美好。CIflivinginabigcitymakesyoufeelabitdown,there'sgoodnews:Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.Atleastthat'sthefindingofanewstudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Severalotherstudieshavealsosuggestedthatthere'sjustsomethingaboutbeinginnaturethatcangiveourmoodsaboost(提升).Butithasn'tbeenexactlyclearwhat'sgoingoninourbrainswhenwe'reexposedtonaturalenvironments.Onepossibilityisthatnaturedecreases“rumination(反思)”，orpatternsofnegativethoughtsthatswirlinourheadsandseemtotakeover.Tofindoutifnaturehelpsusendthatcycleofnegativethoughts,Bratmanandhiscolleaguesrandomlyassigned38volunteerstotakea90-minutewalkineitheranaturaloranurbanarea.Beforeandafterthewalk,theparticipantsfilledoutaquestionnaireabouthowmuchtheywereruminating,andhadtheirbrainsscannedusingaformoffMRIthatmeasuresbloodflowinthebrainatrest.Thenaturewalkersreportedhavingfewernegativethoughtsaboutthemselvesafterthewalkthanbeforethewalk,whiletheurbanwalkersreportednochange.What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivityinthesubgenualprefrontalcortex(SGPFC)ofthosewhowalkedinnature.SGPFCisabrainregion(區(qū)域)thatmayplayakeyroleinsomemooddisordersandhasbeenlinkedwithpatternsofnegativethought.Thosewhowentfortheurbanwalkdidnotshowanyofthesebenefits,thestudyfound.Atlast,wemayhaveapossibleexplanationforhowbeinginnaturemayimproveourmentalwell-being.Inaddition,thefindingssuggestthathavinggreenspacesandnaturalareasincitiesmaybeimportantformaintainingourmentalhealth.eq\x(語篇解讀：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情。)9．Whatdoesthenewstudymainlyshow?A．Takingawalkisreallybeneficial.B．Negativethoughtsaren'tthathardtoremove.C．Livingincitiesresultsinnegativethoughts.D．Walkinginnaturecontributestoabettermood.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Abriefwalkinnaturecouldbeallittakestodriveawaythosenegativethoughts.”可知，這個研究主要表明在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情。10．WhentheactivitiesinSGPFCinourbrainsincrease,________.A．wetendtoenjoyagoodmoodB．wemaydevelopmorenegativethoughtsC．wemaywanttowalkmoreD．wetendtogetridofmooddisorders解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)在自然環(huán)境中散步可以改善心情以及第三段的“What'smore,fMRIbrainscansrevealedlessactivity...”可知大腦里這種物質(zhì)增加可能會讓我們有一些負面的想法。11．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Scientistshavesolvedadifficultmystery.B．Scientistshavefoundhowtomaintainmentalhealth.C．Scientistsfindmoretreesareneededincities.D．Scientistsfindaneasywaytoboostourmood.解析：選D主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，主要是講科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以很容易改善我們的心情的方法。D(2018·東北三省四市教研聯(lián)合體模擬)OnApril14th,2010,myentirelifechangedinaninstant.OnemomentIwasjoyfullyridingthroughthesunshine.Thenextmoment,metal,fleshandboneswerespreadingagainstthepavementinathunderouscrash.Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly,hadcutmeoffandsentmesupermanningtowardoningtraffic.Asiftosymbolizetheaccidentthathadhitmylife,anotherdisasteralsooccurredonApril14th,2010.Itcosttheairlineindustry$1.7billion.Tenmilliontravelerswerestuckfordays.Economicsallovertheworldweredisturbed.ThiswastheeruptionofEyjafjallajokull,oneofIceland'smanyvolcanoes.However,volcanoesarenotallbad.Infact,theyarenecessary.Theyareresponsibleforthebirthofnewearth,andforthecreationofrichsoil.Thiseruptiongaveoff0.15milliontonsofcarbondioxideintotheatmospheredaily.Butcancelling48%oftheworld'sflighttravelsavedabout2.8milliontonsofCO2fromenteringtheatmosphere,temporarilydecreasingourcarbonfootprint.Similarly,theaccidenthadbadlyaffectedmyemotionbutitalsoallowedmetolookmorecloselyinsidemyselfanddiscoverthingsaboutmyselfIwouldneverhaverealized.Ilearnedhownottojudgemyselfformynewlimitations.In1973,anotherIcelandicvolcano,Eldfell,brokeout.Icelandersdecidedtobombitwithcoldwateruntilitfrozeandchoseadifferentpath.Aftertheirplanworked,theyusedthegeothermal(地熱的)energyforthenext15yearstoheattheirhomes.Agoodexampleoflifebringinglemons,andmakinglemonade!Onemustmoveonfrommisfortunes,focusingonlyonthepresentmomentandbeinghopefulforthefuture.IranfromApril14th,2010,toeverykindofescape.EventuallyIendedupinuniversityforanew-foundloveinEarthsciences.語篇解讀：作者把自己遭遇突發(fā)事件和火山爆發(fā)這種自然災害進行類比，說明遭遇到不幸也有好處，面對現(xiàn)實情況要樂觀積極。12．WhathappenedtothewriteronApril14th,2010?A．Hewasinvolvedinacarcrash.B．HewasstuckinanIceland'sairport.C．Hewitnessedavolcaniceruption.D．Hewasbadlyinjuredonabikeride.解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thenextmoment,metal...crash.”和“Anothercyclist,bikingcarelessly...oningtraffic.”可知，一個馬虎的騎自行車的人撞到了作者，作者遭遇了事故，受傷嚴重，故D項正確。13．Whi