卓越研究生英語（理工篇）綜合教程1 教案 Unit 5 Odyssey beyond earth

卓越研究生英語（理工篇）卓越研究生英語（理工篇）1教師用書PAGEPAGE10Unit5OdysseybeyondearthUnitoverview核心問題：成就如何加深我們對(duì)世界的理解？如何為我們的未來開辟新的可能性？未來的太空探索面臨哪 些 挑戰(zhàn)？視聽素材視頻視頻介紹中國(guó)的探月工程從嫦娥一號(hào)到嫦娥五號(hào)的卓越發(fā)展歷程，展示了中國(guó)在月球探測(cè)方面取得的重要成就。教學(xué)目的：探討將太空探索的成就生活中。閱讀素材主課文文章探討太空探索與第四次工業(yè)革命的相互促進(jìn)關(guān)系，并認(rèn)為在發(fā)射成本降低和小微衛(wèi)星數(shù)量增加的趨勢(shì)下，面對(duì)太空探索與第四次工業(yè)革命帶來的三大機(jī)遇和相應(yīng)的挑戰(zhàn)，各個(gè)國(guó)家應(yīng)攜手共進(jìn)。1文章討論太空垃圾不斷增多的問題以及可能的應(yīng)對(duì)方案。太空垃圾對(duì)于在軌航天器和航天人員的威脅日益增大，需要各方共同協(xié)商，探討解決方案。2文章介紹暗物質(zhì)的重要性,指出科學(xué)家相信暗物質(zhì)在宇宙結(jié)構(gòu)形成和演化中起到了關(guān)鍵作用，并在努力揭示其本質(zhì)。成果產(chǎn)出撰寫一份項(xiàng)目提案，提出創(chuàng)新觀點(diǎn)，探討太空探索任務(wù)如何為造福地球上的生命做出貢獻(xiàn)。LeadinginReferenceanswersThelaunchofSputnik1:Asthefirsteverman-madesatellitethatwassuccessfullylaunched,Sputnik1markedthebeginningoftheSpaceAgeandwasbelievedtoleadtothe“spacerace”betweentheSovietUnionandtheU.S.Gagarin,thefirsthumantraveledintospace:Gagarin(1934-1968)wasaSovietpilotandcosmonaut.In1961,heorbitedearthaboardthe1spacecapsule,thefirst-evercrewedspacecraft.Hisspacetravelusheredinaneweraofspaceflight.NeilArmstrong,thefirsthumansetfootonthemoon:NeilArmstrong(1930-2012)changedthecourseofhistoryashebecamethefirstpersontowalkonthemoon.Ashetookhisfirststep,Armstrongfamouslysaid,onesmallstepfor(a)man,onegiantleapformankind.”InternationalSpaceStationhostingitsfirstresidentcrew:Itmarkedthebeginningofaneweraofinternationalcooperationinspaceandofthelongestcontinuoushumanhabitationinlowearthorbit.Chang’e-4’ssoftlandingonthebackofthemoon:Chang’e-4probetoucheddownonthefarsideofthemoon,becomingthefirstspacecraftsoft-landingontheunchartedsidethatisnevervisiblefromearth.Exploring:ViewingScriptOnOctober24,2007,firstlunarChang’e-1,waslaunchedattheXichangSatelliteLaunchSite.Chinaembarkedonitsfirstjourneytothemoon.Afullimageofthemoon’ssurfaceisthefirstreportcarddeliveredbyChang’e-1.Thoughnotthefirstofitskindinhumanhistory,itisthefirst-everhigh-resolutionimageofthemoon’ssurface.At120-meterresolution,itcapturedtheimageofboththenorthandsouthpolesofthemoon.OnOctober1,2010,China’sNationalDay,aLongMarchcarrierrocketonceagainshotintospace,bringingChang’e-2toearth-moontransferorbit.TheresolutionoftheimagetakenbyChang’e-2is(was)17timeshigherthan(thattaken)byChang’e-1.OnDecember2,2013,theChang’e-3lunarprobethatcarriedfirstmoonorJadeRabbit,waslaunched.leftfirst-everfootprintonthemoon.issofarthelongest-workinglunarroveronthemoon.Itcreatedthehighest-resolutioncolorimageofthemoon,enablinghumanstohaveacloselookattherealfaceofthemoonandprovidingaccuratefirst-handmaterialsforfutureresearch.At2:23a.m.BeijingtimeonDecember8,2018,aLongrocketcarryingtheChang’e-4probeblastedofffromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchItwasexpectedtomakethefirst-eversoftlandingonthefarsideofthemooninhumanOnFebruary15,2019,thelandingsiteoftheChang’e-4wasnamed“StatioTianhe”;thethreecratersaroundthelandingsite(were)named“Zhinyu”,“Hegu”(alsocalledNiulang),and“Tianjin”,andthecentralpeakoftheKármáncraternearthelandingsite(was)named“MonsIn2009,Chinakickedoffthefeasibilityassessmentforitsthird-phaselunarexplorationprogram,Chang’e-5mission.Beingtheworld’sfirstunmannedspacecrafttocollectandreturnsamplesfromthemoon,Chang’e-5isoneofthemostcomplicatedandchallengingmissionsinChina’saerospacehistory.At1:59a.m.onDecember17,2020,theChang’e-5returnercarryinglunarsamplessafelylandedatthedesignatedlandingareainSiziwangBannerintheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,completingfirstmissiontoretrievesamplesfromanextraterrestrialFroma1-gramlunarrocksamplegiftedbytheUnitedStatesin1978to1,731-gramlunarsoilcollectedbyChang’e-5in2020,fromthefirstman-madesatellitetothefirstprobelandingonthefarsideofthemoon,Chinahasbeenstridingaheadinspaceendeavorstoexploredeeperintothevastuniverse.BackgroundinformationChineseLunarExplorationProgramChineseLunarExplorationProgram,alsoknownastheChang’eProgram,wasfirstlaunchedin2004.Asof2020,whenChang’e-5broughtlunarsamplesbacktoearth,Chinahadcompletedthefirstthreephasesoftheprogram,whichwere“orbiting,landing,andreturning”(orbitingthemoon,soft-landingonthemoon,andreturningwithlunarsamples).Thefourthphaseisinprogressandisexpectedtobecompletedby2030.Thegoalofthefourthphaseistobuildabasicmodelofaninternationallunarscientificresearchstation.ReferenceanswersPre-viewing1Thename“Chang’e”notonlypayshomagetotheenchantingstoryofthemoongoddessinChinesemythologybutalsosymbolizeshumanity’saspirationsanddreamstoreachandunderstandthemoon.ForChineseLunarExplorationProgram,Chang’erepresentstherealizationofthosedreamsthroughconcreteaction–convertingmythintoreality.Bychoosingsuchaname,Chinaemphasizesitscommitmenttoexploringtheunknownandhighlightstheimportanceofculturalinspirationinmotivatingandprovidingcontexttoitstechnologicalendeavors.Thevisionforspaceexplorationisthusnotseenasadeparturefromtradition,butasanextensionofculturallegacyintothefuture.2ThefollowingaresomeexamplesofspacecraftnamedwithinspirationfromancientChinesemythologyandlegends:firstMarsroverisnamedZhurong,aChinesemythologicalfigurewhoistheGodofFire.firstspace-baseddark-matterdetectorisnicknamedafigureportrayedinthenovelashavingdiscerningeyesthatseethroughdisguises.Thefirstquantumcommunicationssatellite,officiallyknownastheQuantumScienceSatellite(QUESS),isnamedaftertheancientChinesephilosopherMozi,whowasthefirstinChinesehistorytoconductopticalexperiments.AnalyticalviewingViewingandunderstandingfirstjourneytothemoonOctober1,2010December2,2013softlandingDecember17,2020ExercisesonlineExercisesonline★Watchthevideoclipagainandfillintheblankswithinformationfromthevideo.Chang’e-1gotthefirst-everhigh-resolutionimageofthemoon’ssurfaceandcapturedtheimageof ofthemoon.TheresolutionoftheimagetakenbyChang’e-2was thanthattakenbyChang’e-1.Yutuenabledhumanstohaveacloselookattherealfaceofthemoonandprovided forfutureresearch.In2009,Chinamadethefeasibilityassessmentforitsthird-phaselunarexplorationprogram, ,whichwastheworld’sfirstunmannedspacecraftto fromthemoon.boththenorthandsouthpoles17timeshigheraccuratefirst-handmaterials4 theChang’e-5mission;collectandreturnsamples ThinkingbeyondIthinkthefollowingfurtherexplorationscouldbecarriedoutonthemooninthefuture:Deepspaceobservation:Scientistscanmakehigherresolutionobservationswithdevicesonthemoonthanwithsatellitesinorbit.thefarsideofthemoonisshieldedfrommuchofelectromagneticinterference,makingitanideallocationfordetectingweaksignalsfromdeepspace,suchasshortwavesfromtheearlyuniverse.Physicalandchemicalexperiments:Thegravityisonlyone-sixthofandthemooniscompletelyexposedtothevacuumofspace.Theseuniqueconditionsallowforexperimentsliketestingnewmaterials,studyingfluiddynamicsinlowandobservingchemicalreactionsinavacuum.Extraterrestrialresourcedevelopment:Bystudyingthedistributionandreservesoflunarresources,wecandevelopnewmaterialsandenergysources,whichhelpprovideadditionalresourcesforearthandreduceourdependenceonresourcesinthefuture.5kickoff4aerospace5kickoff4aerospace3retrieve2blastedoff1probeScientistsareusingadvancedtechnologytocontrolthetrajectoryofthe duringitslunarexploration.Thecountdownreachedzero,andtherocketcarryingcriticalsuppliestothespacestation ,ascendingthroughtheatmosphereandleavingatrailoffire.Theabilityto andanalyzedatafromspacetelescopeshasrevolutionizedourunderstandingoftheuniverseanditsorigins.Advancementsin materialshaveledtolighter,strongerspacecraftcapableofresistingtheintenseconditionsofspacetravel.Theaerospaceindustryisaboutto aground-breakinginitiativetoinspirethenextgenerationofengineersandinnovators.retrieveprobekickoffaerospaceblastoffWordsandphrasesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsandphrasesbelow.Exploring:ReadingBackgroundinformationJamesWebbSpaceTelescopeTheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope(alsocalledJWSTorWebb)isalargeinfraredtelescopethatwasnamedafterJamesWebb,theadministratorofNASAduringtheApolloprogram.Ithasaprimarymirror6.5metersindiameter.WebbwaslaunchedfromspaceportinFrenchGuianaonDecember25,2021.Itstudieseveryphaseinthehistoryofouruniverse,rangingfromthefirstluminousglowsaftertheBigBang,totheevolutionofplanetarysystems,includingourownsolarsystem,tothepossibilityoflifeonotherplanetarysystems.SatelliteconstellationAsatelliteconstellationisagroupofsatellitesthatworktogetherasasystem.Thesesatellitescommunicatewithgroundstationslocatedworldwideandareofteninterconnected.Designedtocomplementeachother,theyfunctionasacohesiveunit.Bothexistingandnewsatelliteconstellationsservevariouspurposes,includingtheInternetofThings,telecommunications,navigation,weathermonitoring,andearthandspaceobservation,tonameafew.InclusiveprosperityInclusiveprosperityistheconceptthatindividualsfromdiversebackgroundscanbenefitfromeconomicgrowth,newtechnologies,andtheadvantagesofglobalization.Achievinginclusiveprosperityrequiresprovidingeveryonewithaccesstoqualityeducationandskillstrainingopportunities.LanguagepointsThesediscoveriesonlyscratchthesurfaceofwhatwillcomefromthetelescope,thankstodecadesofinvestmentandcontinuousadvancementsinscience,whicharethebackboneofthisunprecedented(Para.1)Meaning:Thesefindingsjustrepresentonlyasmallfractionofwhatthetelescopewillreveal,thankstoyearsoffundingandongoingprogressinscience,whichformthefoundationofthisremarkablescratchthesurfacedealwithonlyaverysmallpartofasubjectoraproblemCurrentresearchonblackholeshasonlyscratchedthesurface,leavingmanyfundamentalquestionsabouttheirnatureunanswered.NotesNotesThesediscoveriesonlyscratchthesurfaceofwhatwillcomefromthetelescopewhatwillcomefromthetelescope語，表示這些發(fā)現(xiàn)只是望遠(yuǎn)鏡未來成果的冰山一角。接下來的介詞短語thankstodecadesofinvestmentandcontinuousadvancementsinscience用來whicharethebackboneofthisunprecedenteddiscovery，修飾前面decadesofinvestmentandcontinuousadvancementsinscienceBeyondthefurtherdiscoveriesinspacearerapidlyaccelerating,creatinganexcitingnewparadigmforspacethatincludesnewplayers,trends,opportunities,andchallenges,allproppedupbytheconvergenceofadvancedtechnologiesthatareapartoftheongoing,broaderFourthIndustrialRevolution(4IR).(Para.2)Meaning:Beyondthenewbreakthroughsinspacearerapidlyunfolding,markingthebeginningofanexcitingnewphaseforspaceexploration.Thisphaseincludesnewparticipants,trends,opportunities,andchallenges,alldrivenbythemergingofadvancedtechnologiesthatarepartoftheongoingFourthIndustrialRevolution(4IR).paradigmn.[C](fml.)aparticularwayofdoingsth.orthinkingaboutsth.,whichisgenerallyacceptedorcopied（被普遍接受或模仿的）做事方法，思維方式Theinventionofthetelephonebroughtaboutaparadigmshiftincommunicationfromwrittenletterstoinstantp(sth.)upsupportsth.orhelpsth.tosurvive支撐；維持Thegovernmentmadeeffortstopropuptheculturalheritagesitebypromotingconservationprograms.convergencen.[C,U]thefactthattwoormorethingsideasetc.becomesimilarorcometogether點(diǎn)等）Theconvergenceoftechnologyandhealthcarehasledtothedevelopmentofinnovativemedicaldevicestoimprovepatientcare.Goingforward,companiesandgovernmentsareexploringhow3Dprintinginorbitcanadvantageofthemicrogravityinspacetoprintfiberopticcables,tools,andconstructionmaterialsinmoreeffectiveways.(Para.4)Meaning:Lookingahead,companiesandgovernmentsareinvestigatinghow3Dprintinginmicrogravitycanmoreeffectivelyproducefiberopticcables,tools,andconstructionmaterialsinspace.goingforwardused,esp.inbusiness,tomean“inthefuture”（尤指在商務(wù)活動(dòng)中）未來Giventhechangingconsumerpreferences,goingforwardthesalespersonsareplanningtotailortheirapproachtotheevolvingdemands.takeadvantageofsth./sb.makeuseofsth.well;makeuseofanopportunity（機(jī)會(huì)）Theyplannedtotakeadvantageoftheholidayweekendtogoonahikingtripinthemountains.makeuseofsb/sthinawaythatisunfairordishonesttakeadvantageoflessknowledgeableinvestorsbyexaggeratingtheirtechnologicalcapabilitiesandpotentialreturns.Reusablerocketsarealsobecomingamakingtripstothelowerearthorbitmoresustainableandaccessibleforindividualsandforcompaniesinindustriesfrompharmaceuticalstothatmayeventuallyoperatethereastheytakeadvantageofthemicrogravityandotherphysicalcharacteristics.(Para.4)Meaning:Thedevelopmentofreusablerocketsisrevolutionizingspacetravel,makingitmoreaffordableandmorelikelytolastforalongtimeforindividualsandcompanies.Industriessuchaspharmaceuticalsandenergymaysoonoperateinlowerearthorbittoexploitthebenefitsofmicrogravityandotheruniquephysicalconditions.sustainablea.thatcancontinueorbecontinuedforalongtime可持續(xù)的Thekeytosustainableweightlossisadoptinghealthyeatinghabitsandaregularexerciseroutineratherthanquick-fixdiets.involvingtheuseofnaturalproductsandenergyinawaythatdoesnotharmtheenvironment（對(duì)自然資源和能源的利用）不破壞生態(tài)平衡的，合理利用的Thecompany’scommitmenttosustainablepracticesincludesreducingcarbonemissionsandimplementingeco-friendlytechnologies.Theincreaseinsmallsatelliteshasledtoahugegrowthinsensorswhichisshepherdingtheentryofnewcompaniesthatleverageremotesensorsinspacetobeabletocaptureimagesandpowertechnologiesonearth.(Para.5)Meaning:Thesurgeinsmallsatelliteshasresultedinasignificantexpansionofsensors,facilitatingtheemergenceofnewcompaniesthatuseremotesensorsinspacetotakeimagesandpowertechnologiesonearth.shepherdvt.guidesb.oragroupofpeoplesomewhere,makingsuretheygowhereyouwantthemtogo帶領(lǐng)；引；護(hù)送Thecoach’sroleistoshepherdathletesthroughtheirphysicaltrainingandmentalpreparationforcompetitions.n.[C]apersonwhosejobistotakecareofsheep牧羊人；羊倌Theshepherd’sknowledgeofthesheep’sbehaviorandinstinctsallowedhimtoanticipatetheirneedsandmakeinformeddecisions.leveragevt.spreadoruseresources,ideas,etc.againinseveraldifferentwaysorindifferentpartsofacompany,system,etc.充分利用（資源、觀點(diǎn)等）Thecompanyaimstoleverageitsglobalnetworkofpartnerstoexpanditsintonewmarkets.n.[U]influencethatyoucanusetomakepeopledowhatyouwant影響Thewayinwhichthemediapresentseventscanexertsignificantleverageonpublicopinions.Thesesatelliteconstellationsproduceanenormousamountofdata,whichisleadingtothehugegrowthinthedemandfordatastorageandanalysis,withcompaniesusingAI,especiallymachinelearninganddeeplearning,toconvertdataintointelligencethatpowersarangeofcommercialusesincludingmonitoringfoodtrackinggreenhousegasemissions,andmonitoringenergysupplychains.(Para.5)Meaning:Thesegroupsofsatellitesgenerateavastvolumeofdata,drivingasubstantialincreaseintheneedfordatastorageandanalysis.CompaniesareusingAI,particularlymachinelearninganddeeplearning,toturnthisdataintousefulinformationforvariouscommercialapplications,includingmonitoringfoodtrackinggreenhousegasemissions,andoverseeingenergysupplychains.convertv.changeormakesth.changefromoneformpurpose,systemetc.toanother（）轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)化Thegoalwastoconvertrawemotionsintopowerfulvisualherpaintings.NotesNotes這句話的結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，主句是ThesesatelliteconstellationsproduceanenormousamountofdatawhichisleadingtothehugegrowthinthedemandfordatastorageandanalysiswithcompaniesusingAI,…andmonitoringenergysupplychainsespeciallymachinelearninganddeeplearning,toconvertdataintointelligenceThedecreasingcostscoupledwithmorewidespreadtechnologicaladoptionunderpinnedbythe4IRhaveledtoanunprecedentederaofaccessibilityfornewplayersinthespacefromstateactorstoprivatecompanies.(Para.6)Meaning:Thecombinationoflowerexpensesandbroaderuseoftechnologysupportedbythe4IRhasledtoanunparallelederaofopportunityfornewcomersinthespaceincludingbothgovernmentalentitiesandprivatecompanies.Forexample,newlaunchcapabilitiescouldenabletheuseofsolarfactoriesinorbitoronthemoonthatcanbeamsolarenergybacktoearth,along-awaitedgoalhinderedbyhighcosts.(Para.7)Meaning:Forinstance,advancementsinlaunchtechnologycouldmakeitfeasibletousesolarfactoriesinspaceoronthemoonthatcansendsolarenergybacktoearth,achievingalong-desiredgoalthatwaspreviouslytoocostly.long-awaiteda.thatpeoplehavebeenwaitingforalongtime等待（或期待）已久的Thelong-awaitedlaunchofthenewspacetelescopetorevolutionizeourunderstandingoftheuniverse.withmorecompanieseitherlookingtomovetheiroperationstospaceortobringmorepeopletospace,thedemandformanufacturinginspaceisincreasingasawaytolimitthetimeandcostittakestotransportmaterialsfromearth.(Para.7)Meaning:asmorecompaniesconsiderrelocatingtheiroperationstospaceorbringingmorepeopletospace,thereisagrowingneedforin-spacemanufacturingtoreducethetimeandexpensesinvolvedintransportingmaterialsfromearth.belookingtodosth.trytofindwaysofdoingsth.試圖找到做某事的方法Spaceagenciesarelookingtoestablishpermanenthabitatsonthemoontosupportlong-termscientificresearchandexploration.Theemergenceoftheprivatespacesectorinothercountriescouldmeanthatcollaborationwillbekeyirrespectiveofanyexistingtensionsorvulnerabilitieswithingovernmentsorgeopoliticalrelationships.(Para.8)Meaning:Theriseoftheprivatespacesectorinvariouscountriessuggeststhatcooperationwillbeessential,regardlessofexistinggovernmentaltensionsorgeopoliticalissues.irrespectivead.(~ofwithoutconsideringnotneedingtoallowforThisscholarshipprogramisdesignedtoprovidestudentswiththeopportunitytopursuehighereducationirrespectiveoftheirsocioeconomicbackground.NotesNotesregardlessofwithoutrespecttoirrespectiveof“不論；不考慮；不顧”。例如：ThemissiontoMarswillproceedwithoutrespecttothepoliticalclimateonearth,focusingsolelyonscientificobjectives.Irrespectiveofnationalboundaries,internationalcollaborationinspaceexplorationaimstobenefitallofhumanity.Whilecompetitioncandrivebreakthroughsatunprecedentedspeeds,itcansimultaneouslyleadtothedevelopmentandapplicationoftechnologiesunderdifferingmotivationsthatmightnotservethewidestrangeofstakeholdersand(Para.10)Meaning:Althoughcompetitioncanacceleratebreakthroughsatremarkablespeeds,itcanalsoresultinthedevelopmentanduseoftechnologiesdrivenbydifferentmotives,whichmaynotbenefitthebroadestrangeofstakeholdersandsociety.servevt.beusefultosb.inachievingorsatisfyingsth.extensivenetworkofonlineservesthestudentsandfacultybyofferingunparalleledaccesstoacademicmaterialsandtools.Righttherearealotoffirst-moveradvantagesassomespaceexplorationandspacetechnologyapplicationsareattheinitialstagesofdevelopment.(Para.12)Meaning:therearesignificantbenefitsforthosewhoactfirstbecausemanyspaceexplorationandspacetechnologyapplicationsarestillintheirearlydevelopmentstages.NotesNotesfirst-moveradvantageAsethicalandregulatoryframeworkscontinuetobedeveloped,itwillbecriticalthattheprivatesectorisincludedasamainvoiceamongmanystakeholders.(Para.12)Meaning:Asethicalandregulatoryframeworkscontinuetoevolve,itisessentialthattheprivatesectorplaysaprominentroleamongthevariousstakeholders.NotesNotesmainvoiceAsnewspaceregulationsaredrafted,thescientificcommunitymustbeincludedasamainvoicetoensurethatresearchneedsareadequatelyaddressed.Inclusiveandsustainableprosperitycouldbecomemoreofarealityshouldtheworldovercomethechallengesandseizetheopportunitiesacceleratedbyadvancedspacetechnologies.(Para.13)Meaning:Achievingwidespreadandlong-lastingprosperitycouldbecomearealityiftheworldsuccessfullyaddressesthechallengesandcapitalizesontheopportunitiespresentedbyadvancedspacetechnologies.NotesNotesmoreofofarealityWithbetterplanning,theprojectcouldbecomemoreofasuccess.這個(gè)句子使用了should倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)（shouldtheworldovercomethechallengeschallenges）來強(qiáng)調(diào)假設(shè)條件，表示“如果世界能夠克服這些挑戰(zhàn)”。Shouldshould句話的正常語序相當(dāng)于Iftheworldshouldovercomethechallenges,inclusiveandsustainableprosperitycouldbecomemoreofareality。ReferenceanswersPre-reading1TheIndustrialRevolutionbroughtaboutsweepingchangesineconomicandsocialorganization.TheFirstIndustrialRevolutioninthelate18thandearly19thcenturiesfocusedonthebenefitsofmechanization,where,forthefirsttime,someanimalorhumanlaborcouldbesubstitutedbymechanicallabor.TheSecondIndustrialRevolutioninthelate19thandearly20thcenturiessawkeyachievementssuchassteel,electricity,theinternalcombustionengine,andmassproductionalongassemblylines.TheThirdIndustrialRevolutiontookplaceinthelatterpartofthe20thcentury.Majorachievementsofthisrevolutionincludetheutilizationofspacetechnology,atomicenergytechnology,andcomputertechnology.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutioniscurrentlyunfolding.Itischaracterizedbyafusionoftechnologiesthatisblurringthelinesbetweenthephysical,digital,andbiologicalspheres.Itsvelocity,scope,andsystemicimpactareunprecedented.2TheFirstIndustrialRevolutionbroughtaboutsweepingchangesineconomicandsocialorganization,includinggreatlyincreasedproduction,awiderdistributionofwealth,andincreasedinternationaltrade.TheSecondIndustrialRevolutionisoneofthemaincausesoftheformationoftheworldcolonialsystemandthefinalestablishmentofthecapitalistworldsystem.TheThirdIndustrialRevolution,withtheintroductionoftheInternet,facilitatedchangesinthesocialrelationsofproduction,economicstructures,andlivingconditions.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionispromotingthefullintegrationofintelligenceinproductionandlivingsystems,withrobotizationpenetratingeveryaspectofourlives.AnalyticalreadingReadingandunderstandingnewtechnologiesandapplicationsincreasingcapabilitiesofsmallersatellitesmanufacturinginspaceastrongerdiplomaticvoicetheprivatespacesectorspacediplomacyExercisesonline★Choosethebestanswertoeachofthequestionswithinformationfromthetext.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutioniscontributingtospaceexplorationprimarilythrough .TherenewaloftraditionaltechnologiesTheconvergenceofadvancedtechnologiesTheincreasedrelianceonbiologicalprocessesThefusionofbiologicalandphysicaltechnologiesWhatistheimpactofadvancementsinmaterialsscienceand3Dprintingonthespaceindustry?Theyhavesignificantlydecreasedlaunchcosts.Theyhavechangedpeople’sviewonspacetechnology.Theyhaveincreasedthecomplexityandrisksassociatedwithspacemissions.Theyhaveshiftedthefocusfromspaceexplorationtoothertechnologicaladvancements.Whichisoneofthemainoutcomesofthegrowthinsmallsatellitesandtheresultingincreaseindata?A Improveddurabilityandreliability.B Expansionofsatelliteconstellations.Enhancedtroubleshootingcapabilities.Increaseddemandfordatastorageandanalysis.Whatopportunitydoesthespace-to-spaceeconomyprimarilyoffer?A Solarfactoriesinorbit.Manufacturinginspace.Improvednavigationsystems.Enhancedearthobservationcapabilities.6D6D5C4B3D2A1B5Whichofthefollowingisimpliedasafactorthatmayhindertheinclusiveprosperityfromspaceactivities?Thedifficultyinunifyingregulatorysystems.Theprivatizationofallspaceexplorationactivities.C Geopoliticaltensionsaffectingcollaborationefforts.D Thelackofglobalcoordinationandcooperationinspaceexploration.6Whichofthefollowingmightbeariskassociatedwiththeriseofprivatecompaniesinthespaceindustry?Theharmfulconsequencesofintensecompetition.Companiesbecomingtooreliantongovernmentcontracts.Adeclineinpublicinterestandfundingforspaceexploration.Entitiesestablishingmonopolieswithpotentiallyconflictinginterests.ThinkingbeyondStep1AdvantageDisadvantageForordinarypeople:MoreaccesstoadvancedtechnologiesandnovelexperienceMorejobopportunitiesinthespaceindustry,suchasmanufacturingandengineeringForordinarypeople:Riskofprivateinformationleakage,suchaslocationdataUnequalaccesstospace-relatedinformationForsociety:EconomicgrowthstimulatedbynewmarketsandinnovationsImprovedenvironmentmanagementwiththehelpofsatellitesForsociety:RelocationofresourcesfromothercriticalsectorsEnvironmentaldamagecausedbyspacecraftlaunchesForcountries:StrongerglobalinfluenceanddiplomaticvoiceAcceleratedscientificresearchanddiscoveriesForcountries:PotentialattacksonnationalfacilitiesorinformationleakageDifficultiesinregulatingcommercialspaceactivitiesFortheinternationalcommunity:SharedknowledgeandresourcesfromspaceexplorationMotivationstosolveglobalchallengesFortheinternationalcommunity:IncreasedthreatfromspacedebrisMoreintenseglobalcompetitionforspaceresourcesStep2AsexplainedinStep1,theimplicationsofspacecommercializationarebroad,affectingindividuals,communities,economies,andtheenvironment.Whileitoffersaccesstoadvancedtechnologies,jobopportunities,andeconomicgrowth,italsoposeschallengessuchasprivacyrisks,unequalaccesstoinformation,andenvironmentaldamage.Abalancedapproachisessentialtomaximizebenefitsandmitigaterisks.Toreducethenegativeimpactsofspacecommercialization,wecanconsiderthefollowingpoints:Publicengagementandeducation:Conductawarenesscampaignsaboutthebenefitsandchallengesofspacecommercialization.Investinprogramstoinspireandpreparethenextgenerationofspaceprofessionals.Securityandprivacy:Establishregulationstoprotectprivacyandpreventdatamisuse.Environmentalprotection:Encouragetheuseofeco-friendlymaterialsandfuelsinrocketproductionandlaunches.Developregulationsfortheresponsibledisposalofspacedebris.Internationalcollaboration:Promotetreatiesandagreementsforfairaccesstospaceresources.Fosterinternati