平板顯示技術(shù)C3-TFTLCD-backlight-design

LCD背光模組設(shè)計1ColorfilterLCDPCBBacklightmodule液晶顯示器的結(jié)構(gòu)實物圖平板顯示技術(shù)_C2LCD_4TFTLCD組成.ppt2contentsSection1I:IntroductiontoFundamentalOptics

II:ApplyOpticstoLGP(light-guidingplate)

Section2

III:AppliedOpticsintheConstructionoftheBack-lightModules

IV:ThefutureoftheBack-lightModules

Section3V：BacklightDesignandSimulation3Themainopticalunitsconstructedinback-lightmodulesprismlensdiffuserLGPreflectorLampreflectorCCFLPatterns(elements)4TheReflectionandRefractionofLight

1,Reflectionandrefractionphenomenawillhappenontheinterfacewhenlighttransportsthroughit.2,thereflectionoflightactsaccordingtothe

reflectionrule.3,therefractionoflightactsaccordingtothe

refractionrule.5TheReflectionRuleofLight

1,insertline(),normal()andreflectline()areonthesameplane.2,insertangleisequaltothereflectionangle.

6TheRefractionRuleofLight

1,,insertline(),normal()andreflectline()areonthesameplane.2,insertangleandrefractionangleactaccordingtothe

Snell’slaw7ThemeaningsoftheSnell’sLaw1,if2,ifWhat’shappenedwhen?8TheCriticalAngleandTotalReflectionWhenandCriticalangleTotalreflectionNormalrefraction9Diffusion

Whenparallellightwavesmovingthroughroughsurfacesorparticles,diffusionwillbeformedbythereasonthatnon-parallelfactorofthenormalforthosesurfacesandparticles.10Thediffusioneffectdependsontheroughnessoftheinterfaceofthemedia.11AppliedopticstoLGP

fundamentalprinciples---

totalreflectionanddiffusiontheopticalpropertiesoftheprintedunitstheopticalpropertiesfordifferenttypesof

reflectionunitsthepropertiesoftheprint-less

LGPs12CriticalanglesandtotalreflectionofLGPCriticalangle13RefractionIndexv.s.LGP(Light-Guidingplate)

RefractionindexproperenergyLGP14Refractionindexv.s.LGPrefractionindexeffectiveareaofluminary15

折射率大者，單位面積能量利用效率較大RefractionIndexv.s.LGP16折射率大小對導(dǎo)光板選擇的影響

折射率大者,單位面積有效出光角較小17印刷點的光學(xué)性質(zhì)

印刷點是用高反射或高折射材料混合油墨印刷在導(dǎo)光板的反光側(cè)，藉由改變光路徑形成漫射效果導(dǎo)光板反光面出光面印刷點1819印刷點對光能的有效使用率油墨比入射至印刷點單位面積光能量印刷點截面積20油墨比與光能的有效使用率21印刷點截面積,入射至印刷點單位面積光能量與光能的有效使用率22測量與設(shè)計的修正量測區(qū)域,區(qū)域面積23印刷點的極限容易受環(huán)境條件改變而縮短壽命受印刷網(wǎng)版網(wǎng)目極限限制dimension(~250m)24無印刷導(dǎo)光板的光學(xué)性質(zhì)

定義:何謂“無印刷”“無印刷”的方法種類

1,機械加工

2,刻蝕

3,薄板取代

4,其它

各種“無印刷”的方法所形成patterns的光學(xué)特性25機械加工刻蝕薄板取代26無印刷的定義:

把所需的光反射元件先行轉(zhuǎn)置在模具上,然後用一體成型得到所要物件的方法無印刷導(dǎo)光板:

用無印刷方法所製作的導(dǎo)光板27機械加工法光反射元件的光學(xué)原理與特性V-groovetypeU-groovetype282930反射元件間隙(pitch)的影響31蝕刻法光反射元件的光學(xué)原理與特性32薄板取代法:

師法於“半導(dǎo)體”的製程,主要是微小光反射元件,可增加局部區(qū)域能量調(diào)整的程度intensityintensity33PhotomaskPhotoresistsubstrateParallellightFormthemetalplatebyelectro-forming34各種無印刷方法的比較35背光模組整體結(jié)構(gòu)稜鏡片(prismlens)擴散片(diffuser)導(dǎo)光板(LGP)反射片(reflector)36反射板與導(dǎo)光板間

反射板一般為“擴散反射”,用以增加回授的光能可用率37擴散板與導(dǎo)光板間38Diffuser------prismlens3940ThefutureandchallengeofBacklightmodules1,future:LCDscaleBL2,challenge:(1),Brightness,Uniformity

(2),NotebookthinnerandthinnerMonitorlargerandlarger(3),EL,OLED,…..41AdvancedSPECTERFeatures

OPTOS,MODIFIERS&OBSERVERS

DesignofBacklightIlluminatingSystems

42Polarizationfilter(DBEF)LightGuidingPlate

withmicrodimplesBottomandsidereflectorsLamp(CCFL)LampreflectorPrismsheet(BEF)DiffusesheetParticlesinsideLGPmaterialGeometricalandOpticalComplexityofLightPropagation

atypicalschemeofbacklightsystemTrackingbillionsofstochasticallygeneratedlightraysdemandsanefficientGeneralPurposeRayTracingschemeLighttrackingofmega-,giga-,andtera-deterministicallyor/andstochasticallydistributedmicroelementswithcomplex,diversifiedshapesnecessitatesaProcedurallyorientedRayTracingMultipleinternalreflectionsinLGPMicrogroovesofBEFDimplesonbottomLGPfaceLightscatteringinamediacontainingmultitudeofmicroandnanodenselypackedparticlesdemandsaccommodationofWaveOpticsphenomenaLightreflectioninstochasticmicro-roughnessdemandsaProceduralRayTracingScheme

MicroroughnessonLGPsurfaceFilms,diffusesheets,polarizationfiltersenforcecomplexlighttransformationsincludingpolarizationComplexpolarizationfilter(DBEF)43OPTOSRaisonD’etre:AccurateandEfficientLightTrackinginGeometricallyandOpticallyComplexEnvironmentsTechnologicallyadvancedopticaldevices

arecharacterizedbysimultaneousoccurrence

ofcomplexlightpropagationphenomenaexemplifiedbyLightPolarization,VolumeScattering,WaveEffects,etc.Toaddressthislevelofopticalcomplexityinbothpreciseandefficientfashion,aspecialbranchofclassesofOPTical

ObjectS(OPTOS)hasbeendevisedandincorporatedinSPECTER.OPTOSconceptexample:DIMPLESLGPDimplesonbottomLGPfaceLamp(CCFL)LampreflectorOPTOSboxRayspreadsinasceneandhitsasurfacewithOPTOSRayleavesOPTOSandcontinuesspreadinginthesceneRayistransformedbyOPTOSOPTOSboxDimplesencapsulatedinanOPTOSbox44OPTOSClassesinSPECTEROPTOSVolumeScatteringMicroReliefMicroStructurePolarizedBSDFOPTOSmicrostructureallowsspecificationofdifferentdistributionsofmicroelementswithmillionsandmoredimples,grooves,dots.OPTOSMicroRelief

simulatesroughsurfaces.TheinputdataforthisOPTOScanbeamicro-profiledmeasuredbya3Dscanner.OPTOSpolarizedBSDFallowssimulationandanalysisofthecomplexlightpropagationonfilms,surfaceswithpolarizationproperties,forexamplespecialpolarizationfilterslikeDBEF.OPTOSVolumeScatteringsimulatesmaterialswithcomplexvolumetricproperties:HSOTpolymers,polycrystallineopalglasses,diffusefilms,etc.

DBEFIncidentlightReflectedlightTransmittedpolarizedlight45OPTOS&theirsMODIFIERSSceneobjectOPTOSModifierUserMODIFIERprovidesUserInterfaceforcontrollingOPTOSparametersExample:LGPentranceismicroprofiled

MicroprofileOPTOSisusedforencapsulationOPTOShandleslighttransformationwithinmicroprofileOPTOSparametersareaccessibleviaitsMODIFIERAnyobjectinascenecanbeencapsulatedinanyOPTOS46ExampleofOPTOSModification

InternalproceduraldefinitionsofanOPTOSarecontrolledbyasetofparameterspresentedinitsMODIFIER.MODIEFIERScanbecustomizedtoreflectspecificcustomerneeds.MODIFIERpanelAmicrostructureOPTOSDimplesConstantsizeVariablesize

47OPTOSMicrostructureConstructionAnyshapeofmicroelement(dimple,groove)withallkindsofdistributionspatterns:deterministic,probabilistic,-practicallyunlimitednumberofmicroelements-medium3MicroelementscanbemadefromdifferentmaterialsThegeometryofmicroelementscanbeconstructedfromprimitives

usingBooleanoperations+=ParticipationofmediawithdifferentpropertiesmicrostructureareaExternalgeometry(IGES,DXF,STEP)usedformicroelementdefinition48OPTOSLibrary:MicrostructuresofDimplesandGroovesReady-to-useOPTOSlibrariesallowausertoselectadesiredmicrostructureelementGroovesDimplesRandomArbitrarySelectobjecttypes:Selectadistributiontype:Selectashapeofamicroelement:49OPTOSMicrostructureOperationsThemicrostructurewithvariousshapesofdimplesarbitrarilydistributedoverasurface.Microelementswithcomplexshapescanbedecomposedintosimplerones.

Ausefulpossibility-parametriccontrolofcomplexshapeslikea3Dtrapezoidalprism(variationofanglesa,bandlinearsizesS,L,H).Inverseorientationofmicroelementsrespectingtotheboundarythatseparatesmedia.50OPTOSMicrostructures:DistributionPatternsGroovesLampDesign

PlaneLightEmitterDesign

DesignofInfoSigns

DesignofMidairTypeBacklightDevice

Parasitic(Stray)LightAnalysis

OPTOS

OPTOS:VolumeScattering

OPTOS:PolarizedBSDF

OPTOS:LightScatteringMicrostructures

SPECTER

Specification

Features

Applications

Lastupdate:

Copyright?1997-2005INTEGRAInc.AllRightsReserved.

RandomwithvariabledensityArbitraryRegularwitharbitrarystepChessregularwitharbitrarystepFunctionalIntersectedGroovesXYy1y2x2x151MicroelementwithdifferentopticalpropertiesIntersectionofmicroelementsCombinationofdimplesandgroovesCombinationofdifferentdistributionpatternsOPTOSMicrostructures:AdvancedFeaturesDiffusepropertiesTransparentproperties52ExamplesofBacklightModelsLightGuidingPlatewithmicrodimplesLamp(CCFL)PolarizationfilterBottomandsidereflectorsPrismsheet(BEF)DiffusesheetLampreflector1LightGuidingPlatewithmicrodimples2LEDsReflectorsDiffusesheetLightGuidingPlatewithmicrogroovesontopandbottomfacesLampreflectorsLamps(CCFL)Bottomreflector3LightGuidingPlatewithimprinteddotsLamps(CCFL)LampreflectorsReflectorbox4LGPwithVolumeScatteringReflectorPrismsheets(BEFs)DiffusePlateLamps(CCFL)5LS:CCFLwedge-shapedLGP,severalfilmsLS:LEDs

2DdimpledistributiononthebottomLGPfaceLS:CCFLmicrogroovesonthebottomplateLS:lampsfromeachsideofLGP2DdistributionofimprinteddotsonthebottomLGPfaceLS:multipleCCFLs

VolumeScatteringinLGP53DesignofDifferentPartsofBacklightSystemAbacklightdevicewithCCFLPolarizationfilter(DBEF)LightGuidingPlatewithmicrodimplesBottomandsidereflectorsLamp(CCFL)LampreflectorPrismsheet(BEF)DiffusesheetOptimizationofthelampanditsreflectorformaximumefficiencyOptimizationofmicrodimplesonthebottomLGPfacetoobtainspatiallightuniformityabovetheoutputLGPfaceOptimizationoftheprismsheet(BEF)formaximlightoutput54DesignofLampandLampReflectorzyLampReflectorLampThedesignpurpose:maximallightinputintotheLGPface55DesignofLampandLampReflectorINITIALshapeofLampandLampReflectorisspecifiedbythefollowingparameters:Designcriteria:maximallightinputintoLGPIlluminanceinaplanebehindtheinputLGPfacefortheINITIALshape:1designstep:IncreaseverticalaxisoftheellipticalpartofthelampreflectorIlluminancefordesignstep2:IlluminancefortheFINALdesignstep:2designstep:IncreasetheelseverticalaxisofthelampreflectorFinaldesignstep:shiftthelamptoLGPIlluminancefordesignstep1:CompareIlluminanceforboththeINITIALandFINALvariants.Itisseenthatthedesignpurposeisachieved.56Exampleof1DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometryLGPwithpyramidaldimplesonthebottomfaceLampandLampReflectorReflectorboxThedesignpurpose:LuminanceuniformityabovetheoutputLGPfaceThedesignparameters:1DdimplesdistributionismodifiedacrossthelampAbacklightwithCCFL571DFunctionspecifyingadistributionofmicrodimplesFunctionspecifyingconstantsizesofdimplesFunctionspecifyingvariablesizesofdimplesExampleof1DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometry58Designsteps:DimplessizesfortheINITIALstepLuminanceforINITIALstepDesignstep1:DecreaseofdimplesizesnearthelampLuminanceforstep1LuminancefortheFINALstepINITIAL&FINALvariants

FINALstep:AmoreoptimaltuningExampleof1DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometry59Exampleof2DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometryThedesignparameters:a2DdistributionofdimplesismodifiedalongbothdirectionsLGPwithpyramidaldimplesonthebottomfaceLEDspanelReflectorboxThedesignpurpose:auniformlightdistributionabovetheoutputLGPfaceLEDemittingareaAbacklightwithLED

60A2DTableFunctionspecifiesadistributionofmicrodimplesSpecificationofdimplesizesinthecellsofthe2DtableThelesserdimplesizeinthemiddleofLGPExampleof2DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometry61Designsteps:INITIALstep:Sizesofdimplesareconstant1DLuminancefortheINITIALstepStep1:IncreasingoftableresolutionacrosstheLEDplatetoreducedimplesizesnearLED1DLuminanceforstep1.Theresultisuniform2Dluminanceforthesamestep1isnonuniformFINALstep:IncreasingoftableresolutionalongtheLEDplatetoprovideuniformluminancenearLEDs2DLuminancefortheFINALstepExampleof2DDesignofOPTOSMicrogeometry62ExampleofBacklightwithSpecialFilmsSimulationDiffusesheetPrismsheet(BEF)Amodelofbacklightwithfilms.63SimulationofDiffusefilms.UsageofBi-directionalScatteringDistributionFunction(BSDF)BSDFpropertiesprovidingsimulationofanycomplexscattering(isotropic&anisotropic)propertiesoffilms:DiffusefilmsigmasigmaNormalLightreflectedbyoneofsideofdiffusefilmLightreflectedbyanothersideofdiffusefilmIncidentlightIncidentlightdouble-sidedfunctionallowingforspecificationofdifferentpropertiesfordifferentfilmsidesTopviewDiffusefilmNormalReferencedirectionpsisigmaNormalLighttransformedbydiffusefilmIncidentlightIncidentlightINTEGRAprovidesmeasurementsofBSDFfordifferentfilms.ReflectionTransparencyINTEGRA’smeasurementofBSDFforarealdiffusesheetusedinbacklightdevicemulti-dimensionalfunctiondependingonincidentdirectiondefinedbysigmaand

psiangles64ExampleofBEFSheetDesignTherealgeometryofaBEFisspecifiedviaOPTOSmicrostructureXvYvObservationdirectionThetablespecifiesaprismprofileThedesignpurpose:maximalefficiencyoflightoutputinnormaldirection65LuminanceforabacklightwithoutfilmsExampleofBEFDesignLuminancefortheINITIALstepLuminancefortheFINALstepDesignsteps:BacklightwithoutfilmsBacklightwithadiffusefilmandaninitialshapeofaBEFBacklightwithadiffusefilmandadesignedFINALshapeofaBEF66AngularLightDistributionofBacklightDevicewithBEFAngularIntensityfortheINITIALBEFgeometryAngularIntensityfortheFINALBEFgeometry10

20

30

40

50

0

10

20

30

40

50

0

ObservationdirectionObservationdirectionTopviewofabacklightfortheINITIALstepTopviewofabacklightfortheFINALstep67OBSERVERS:InterrogationofLightingDistributionsObservers(orSensors)interrogatevariouskindsofcalculatedphotometricquantitiessuchas(il)luminance,intensity,andvisualizespatialdistributionsofanypartofthescene.Planeill/luminanceobservercalculates2Dspatialdistributionofill/luminanceoverthespecifiedplaneGonioobservercalculates2DangularintensitydistributionoverwholesphereforthespecifiedobjectLineobservercalculates1Dspatialill/luminancedistributionSectorobservercalculates1Dangularluminancedistribution68OBSERVERS:Visualization

AsimageGonioobserver

AscolorfringeAbacklight

LuminanceobserverAsgraphAsimageAspolargraphAsCartesiangraphAscolorfringe69OBSERVERS:VisualizationAngularluminancedistributionontheSectorobserver1DspatialluminancedistributionontheLineobserver70OBSERVER:ComparisonwithMeasurements

PlaneIlluminance/LuminanceObserversConceptuallyObserversareanequivalentofanopticalsensorArealvariantofluminancemeasurementscheme:ObserverplaneLightisaccumulatedincells.Cellsizescorrespondtothemeasuringspot.ViewingdirectionLightisaccumulatedinthecone.Itcorrespondstothemeasuringangle.

LuminanceobserverViewingdirection71Gonioobserverisananaloguetoaplaneluminanceobserverinrespecttomeasurements.OBSERVER:ComparisonwithMeasurements

GonioObserverLightisaccumulatedincellsofagoniosphere.Anangularsizeofacellcorrespondstomeasuringangle(anangularresolutionofameasuringdevice).Gonioobservercanbeattachedtoanysceneobjectandthisobjectaccumulatesthelights.Theobjectsizecorrespondstothemeasurementsspot.72Line&SectionObservers

Lineobserverinterrogates(il)luminancedistributionalongastraightlinedeterminedfromcameraposition.Sectionsectorobservermakesitpossibletoextracttheone-dimensionalluminancedistributionasafunctionoftheviewingdirectioninagivenplane.Theseobserversareoftheoreticalnatureasthe“sensor”ofthelightintheinfinitesmallpointsandangulardirections.73Accuracyisdefinedasdeviationofcalculatedvaluefromidealobtainableafterinfinitelongcalculation.Accuracyismonitoredduringcalculations.Thereareallnecessarystopcriteriabytime,byaccuracyandbynumberofraystracedfromlightsourcesornumberofregisteredhitsonobserverspecifiedasaccuracysource.AccuracyanditsControlObserverwhereaccuracyiscontrolledCurrentcalculationtimePredictedtimetoachieverequiredaccura