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3.6零點定理(精講)(提升版)思維導圖思維導圖考點呈現(xiàn)考點呈現(xiàn)例題剖析例題剖析考點一零點的區(qū)間【例1】(2022·河南開封·)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的一個零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在性定理知:SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的一個零點所在的區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.【一隅三反】1.(2022·湖南)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的零點在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi).故選:B2.(2022·四川攀枝花)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上,則SKIPIF1<0(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,且在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,故其至多一個零點;又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0的零點在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.3.(2022·云南德宏)方程SKIPIF1<0的解所在的區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】設SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在定義域SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)是增函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的零點在SKIPIF1<0上,即題中方程的根屬于SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.考點二零點的個數(shù)【例2-1】(2022·陜西)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為(

)A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3【答案】D【解析】當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的交點個數(shù)作出兩個函數(shù)的圖象如下圖所示,由圖可知,當SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點有兩個,當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,即當SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點有一個.綜上,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點有三個.故選:D【例2-2】(2022·山西)已知SKIPIF1<0若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)的零點個數(shù)為(

)A.8 B.9 C.10 D.11【答案】B【解析】作出SKIPIF1<0的圖像,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)的零點個數(shù)為曲線SKIPIF1<0與直線SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)的交點個數(shù)9.選:B.【一隅三反】1.(2022·安徽)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0則方程SKIPIF1<0的解的個數(shù)是(

)A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3【答案】C【解析】令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0零點的個數(shù)即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的交點個數(shù).作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像,可知兩個函數(shù)圖像的交點的個數(shù)為2,故方程SKIPIF1<0的解的個數(shù)為2個.故選:C.2.(2022·全國·高三專題練習)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像的交點個數(shù)為(

)A.2 B.3 C.4 D.0【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的圖像,如圖,由圖像可知它們有4個交點.故選:C.3.(2022·海南?。┰O函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0定義域為R,SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有(

)個零點A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7【答案】C【解析】SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)即SKIPIF1<0的圖象交點個數(shù).因為SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),故SKIPIF1<0關于原點對稱,故SKIPIF1<0關于SKIPIF1<0對稱,又SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),故SKIPIF1<0關于SKIPIF1<0對稱,又當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,畫出圖象,易得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象有6個交點故選:C考點三比較零點的大小【例3】(2022·安徽)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的零點分別為a,b,c則a,b,c的大小順序為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0.在同一平面直角坐標系中畫出SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的圖象,由圖象知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D【一隅三反】1.(2022·河南)若實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】畫出SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0三個函數(shù)的圖象,如圖可得SKIPIF1<0的與SKIPIF1<0交點的橫坐標依次為SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0故選:B2.(2022·安徽)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在定理可知.SKIPIF1<0;設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在定理可知,SKIPIF1<0;設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,由函數(shù)單調(diào)性可知,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.3.(2022·山西)正實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0之間的大小關系為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象在SKIPIF1<0只有一個交點,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0只有一個根SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象在SKIPIF1<0只有一個交點,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0只有一個根SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象在SKIPIF1<0只有一個交點,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0只有一個根SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0故選:A.考點四已知零點求參數(shù)【例4-1】(2022·山東濰坊)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像與直線SKIPIF1<0有3個不同的交點,則實數(shù)m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】對函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0求導得:SKIPIF1<0,當SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0處取得極大值SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0處取得極小值SKIPIF1<0,在同一坐標系內(nèi)作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像和直線SKIPIF1<0,如圖,觀察圖象知,當SKIPIF1<0時,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像與直線SKIPIF1<0有3個不同的交點,所以實數(shù)m的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B【例4-2】(2022·吉林)已知SKIPIF1<0若關于x的方程SKIPIF1<0有3個不同實根,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;作出SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上的圖象,如圖:由圖可知要使SKIPIF1<0有3個不同的實根,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.【例4-3】(2022·安徽·合肥市)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有且僅有4個零點,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)題意,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,必有SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設SKIPIF1<0,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)有4個交點,又由于SKIPIF1<0,必有SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.【一隅三反】1.(2022·全國·高三專題練習)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若關于x的方程SKIPIF1<0恰有三個不相等的實數(shù)解,則m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像如下圖所示:若關于x的方程SKIPIF1<0恰有三個不相等的實數(shù)解,則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像與直線SKIPIF1<0有三個交點,若直線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過原點時,m=0,若直線SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像相切,令SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.2.(2022·河南·模擬預測(理))已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為定義在SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有3個零點,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0為定義在R上的單調(diào)函數(shù),所以存在唯一的SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.當SKIPIF1<0時,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0;當SKIPIF1<0時,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0.結合函數(shù)的圖象可知,若SKIPIF1<0有3個零點,則SKIPIF1<0.故選:A3.(2022·廣西·貴港市高級中學三模)已知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0有且僅有6個實數(shù)根,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.設SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0有且僅有6個實數(shù)根,因為SKIPIF1<0,故只需SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故選:D.4.(2022·山西)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0恰好有兩個零點,則實數(shù)k的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】由題意知,畫出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的簡圖,如圖所示由SKIPIF1<0恰好有兩個零點轉化為SKIPIF1<0與直線SKIPIF1<0有兩個不同的交點,由圖知,當直線經(jīng)過點SKIPIF1<0兩點的斜率為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0.所以實數(shù)k的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.考點五零點的綜合運用【例5-1】(2022·新疆克拉瑪依)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的所有零點之和為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當SKIPIF1<0時顯然不成立,當SKIPIF1<0時SKIPIF1<0,作出SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的圖象,如圖,它們關于點SKIPIF1<0對稱,由圖象可知它們在SKIPIF1<0上有4個交點,且關于點SKIPIF1<0對稱,每對稱的兩個點的橫坐標和為SKIPIF1<0,所以4個點的橫坐標之和為SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.【例5-2】(2022·甘肅)若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有2個零點SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有2個零點SKIPIF1<0即方程SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有2個實數(shù)根SKIPIF1<0設SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù).且SKIPIF1<0當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,且SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,則在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的大致圖像如圖.所以方程SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上有2個實數(shù)根SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,設SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立所以SKIPIF1<0故選:A【例5-3】(2022·全國·高三專題練習)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點為SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點為SKIPIF1<0,則下列不等式中成立的是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】令SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,在同一坐標系中分別繪出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的圖像,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點為SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,解方程組SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0互為反函數(shù),所以由反函數(shù)性質知SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0關于SKIPIF1<0對稱,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,A、B、D錯誤,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因為點SKIPIF1<0在直線SKIPIF1<0上,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故C正確,故選:C.【一隅三反】1.(2022·安徽·合肥一六八中學)若SKIPIF1<0為奇函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的一個零點,則SKIPIF1<0一定是下列哪個函數(shù)的零點(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】SKIPIF1<0是奇函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的一個零點,所以SKIPIF1<0,把SKIPIF1<0分別代入下面四個選項,對于A,SKIPIF1<0,不一定為0,故A錯誤;對于B,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點,故B正確;對于C,SKIPIF1<0,故C不正確;對于D,SKIPIF1<0,故D不正確;故選:B.2.(2022·陜西·模擬預測(理))已知SKIPIF1<0是方程SKIPIF1<0的根,SKIPIF1<0是方程SKIPIF1<0的根,則SKIPIF1<0的值為(

)A.2 B.3 C.6 D.10【答案】A【解析】方程SKIPIF1<0可變形為方程SKIPIF1<0,方程SKIPIF1<0可變形為方程SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是方程SKIPIF1<0的根,SKIPIF1<0是方程SKIPIF1<0的根,SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的交點橫坐標,SKIPIF1<0是函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的交點橫坐標,SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0互為反函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的交點橫坐標SKIPIF1<0等于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的交點縱坐標,即SKIPIF1<0在數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象上,又SKIPIF1<0圖象上點的橫縱坐標之積為2,SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.3.(2022·陜西·西安中學一模(理))函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的所有零點之和為_________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【解析】由SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象都關于直線SKIPIF1<0的對稱,在同一坐標系內(nèi)作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象,如圖所示,由圖象可得,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象有6個公共點,其橫坐標依次為SKIPIF1<0,這6個點兩兩關于直線SKIPIF1<0的對稱,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的所有零點之和為SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.3.6零點定理(精練)(提升版)題組一題組一零點的區(qū)間1.(2022·甘肅·天水市第一中學)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.由零點存在定理可得:函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C2(2022·江蘇揚州)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0是單調(diào)遞增函數(shù),當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0故函數(shù)的零點所在的區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0,故選:B3.(2022·天津紅橋·一模)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的連續(xù)增函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C4.(2022·廣東中山)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0的零點在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0.故選:A5.(2022·北京師大附中)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.(0,1) B.(1,2) C.(2,3) D.(3,4)【答案】B【解析】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0均為SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)遞減函數(shù),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B6.(2022·云南玉溪·高一期末)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】由解析式知:在SKIPIF1<0上SKIPIF1<0恒成立,在SKIPIF1<0上SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,綜上,零點所在的區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B7.(2022·寧夏·青銅峽市寧朔中學高二學業(yè)考試)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】易知SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故零點所在的區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.8.(2022·新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)喀什第二中學)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】由題意可知,SKIPIF1<0的定義域為SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0在定義域內(nèi)單調(diào)遞增,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減.所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減.所以SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0故SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)零點的存在性定理,可得函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在區(qū)間為SKIPIF1<0.故選:B.9.(2022·海南·嘉積中學高一期末)SKIPIF1<0零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】由題意知:SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上連續(xù)且單調(diào)遞增;對于A,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)不存在零點,A錯誤;對于B,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)不存在零點,B錯誤;對于C,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)存在零點,C正確;對于D,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)不存在零點,D錯誤.故選:C.10.(2022·四川·德陽五中)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在R上單調(diào)遞增,而SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在性定理知,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的唯一零點在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi).故選:B11.(2022·安徽·池州市第一中學)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的一個區(qū)間是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0是單調(diào)遞減函數(shù),故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在的一個區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0,故選:B12.(2022·廣東汕尾)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點所在區(qū)間為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】∵f(x)定義域為R,且f(x)在R上單調(diào)遞增,又∵f(1)=-10<0,f(2)=19>0,∴f(x)在(1,2)上存在唯一零點.故選:B.題組二題組二零點的個數(shù)1.(2022·四川省瀘縣第二中學)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點的個數(shù)為(

)A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3【答案】B【解析】由于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,故函數(shù)在SKIPIF1<0上有唯一零點,也即在SKIPIF1<0上有唯一零點.故選:B.2.(2022·重慶)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為(

)A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】B【解析】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,x>0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得x∈(0,3),此時函數(shù)是增函數(shù),x∈(3,+∞)時,SKIPIF1<0,f(x)是減函數(shù),所以x=3時,函數(shù)取得最大值,又f(3)=ln3-1>0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為2,故選:B.3.(2022·重慶·三模)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0則函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為(

)A.0個 B.1個 C.2個 D.3個【答案】C【解析】當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以舍去;當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,滿足SKIPIF1<0.所以SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為2個.故選:C4.(2022·新疆·三模(理))函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為___________.【答案】2【解析】當SKIPIF1<0時,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,此時有1個零點;當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在定理知此時有1個零點;綜上共有2個零點.故答案為:2.5.(2022·新疆)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為_________.【答案】1【解析】當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0有一個零點SKIPIF1<0;當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,無零點,故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點個數(shù)為1個故答案為:1題組三題組三比較零點的大小1.(2022·山西·二模(理))已知SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的一個零點,SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0的一個零點,SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù),因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0僅有1個零點,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0是增函數(shù),且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.2.(2022·湖南·益陽市箴言中學)已知三個函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的零點依次為SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的大小關系(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】∵函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.3.(2022·陜西·長安一中模擬預測)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的零點分別為SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的大小順序為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0均為SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上均為增函數(shù),故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上為增函數(shù),因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0可得SKIPIF1<0,因此,SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.4.(2022·安徽·蚌埠二中模擬預測(文))已知SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在定理可知,SKIPIF1<0;設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因為SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由零點存在定理可知,SKIPIF1<0;設函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,易知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞減,因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,由函數(shù)單調(diào)性可知,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.5.(2022·河南河南·三模)若實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0滿足SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,對于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上遞增,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0存在唯一零點SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,使SKIPIF1<0,所以對于SKIPIF1<0,有SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:A題組四題組四已知零點求參數(shù)1.(2022·湖北宜昌)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】作出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象,令SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,畫出直線SKIPIF1<0,可得當SKIPIF1<0時,直線SKIPIF1<0和函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象有兩個交點,則SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點.故選:B.2.(2022·首都師范大學附屬中學)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0有三個不同的零點,則實數(shù)k的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,故當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,故SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,由此作出函數(shù)的大致圖象如圖:由SKIPIF1<0有三個不同的零點,即函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0有三個不同的交點,結合圖象,可得SKIPIF1<0,故選:C3.(2022·河北唐山)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0有3個零點,則a的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1

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