職稱英語知識點講解大全3_第1頁
職稱英語知識點講解大全3_第2頁
職稱英語知識點講解大全3_第3頁
職稱英語知識點講解大全3_第4頁
職稱英語知識點講解大全3_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩204頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領

文檔簡介

職稱英語知識點講解大全

一、職稱英語報考指南1

二、職稱英語考試技巧7

三、閱讀練習123

一、職稱英語報考指南

?報名時間

每年11月中下旬(雙休日除外),逾期不再補報。

?考試時間

全國專業(yè)技術人員職稱英語等級考試一般為每年4月的

第二個星期日舉行

?考試級別/適用范圍

以下是全國職稱外語等級考試級別劃分及適用范圍,請

大家根據自己的職稱英語要求選擇報考。

考試等級申報職稱職稱系列A級B級C級

高校教師教授、副教授講師

自然科學研究與社會科學研究研究員、副研究員助理研

究員社會科學研究(研究員、副研究員第二外語)

1

衛(wèi)生技術(醫(yī)、藥、護、技)主任醫(yī)(藥、護、技)師副

主任醫(yī)(藥、護、技)師⑴主治(管)醫(yī)(藥、護、技)師⑵在縣及

縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報正、副主任醫(yī)(藥、護、技)

師,在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報主治(管)醫(yī)(藥、

護、技)師。

工程技術高級工程師(含教授級高級工程師)⑴工程師

⑵在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報高級工程師(含教

授級高級工程師)⑵在縣及縣以下所屬單位工作的人員申報

工程師。

農業(yè)技術農業(yè)技術推廣研究員高級農藝師農藝師

實驗技術高級實驗師實驗師

中學教師中學高級教師

中等專業(yè)學校教師高級講師講師

技工學校教師高級講師(高級實習指導教師)講師

2

經濟專業(yè)高級國際商務師高級經濟師國際商務師經濟

師助理國際商務師

會計專業(yè)高級會計師會計師

統(tǒng)計專業(yè)高級統(tǒng)計師統(tǒng)計師

審計專業(yè)高級審計師審計師

體育教練員國家級教練高級教練一級教練

工藝美術專業(yè)高級工藝美術師工藝美術師

翻譯專業(yè)譯審、副譯審(第二外語)翻譯(第二外語)

播音專業(yè)播音指導主任播音員一級播音員

新聞專業(yè)高級記者(高級編輯)主任記者(主任編輯)記者

(編輯)

藝術(廣播電視藝術)藝術一級藝術二級、主任舞臺技

師藝術三級、舞臺技師

出版專業(yè)編審副編審編輯(一級校對)

3

文博專業(yè)、圖書資料專業(yè)、檔案專業(yè)研究館員副研究館

口口

貝伯貝

公證員一級公證員二級公證員三級公證員

律師一級律師二級律師三級律師

?報考類別的選擇

綜合類,理工類,衛(wèi)生類考試原則上沒有嚴格的界限。

綜合類文章可以考到理工類去,理工類可以考到衛(wèi)生類和綜

合類。三類考試之間沒有嚴格界限區(qū)分。國家在每位考生評

定職稱的時候,到底要求是理工類成績,衛(wèi)生類成績,基本

上國家還沒有明確規(guī)定。假如你評定主任醫(yī)師,衛(wèi)生類職稱,

你可以考綜合類,也可以考衛(wèi)生類。嚴格意義上沒有很嚴格

的要求。到底決定報綜合類,理工類,還是衛(wèi)生類,有兩個

依據。首先問一下自己單位的人,要評定職稱要報什么類比

較合適。如果單位沒有明確要求和規(guī)定的話,可以根據自己

4

的現實情況選擇,如果工作中接觸的文章都是理工類的文

章,那就報理工類。假如接觸的文章是社會類文章,那就報

綜合類。

?免考規(guī)定

取得外語(從事翻譯工作人員及外語教師第二外語)專業(yè)

??萍耙陨蠈W歷的人員申報中、高級職稱評審;獲得博士學位

申報高級(含正高級)職稱評審;獲得碩士學位申報中級職稱評

審;留學回國人員首次參加職稱評審;申報副高級職稱評審時

已取得職稱外語合格證書(含1977年底前參加工作人員外語

成績達到45分)的人員申報正高級職稱評審;參加《全國工商

企業(yè)出國培訓備選人員外語考試》,通過中(I)級者申報中級

職稱評審,通過高(A)級者申報高級職稱評審等五類考生可

免職稱外語等級考試。

5

凡參加國家人事部和北京市人事局組織的各類專業(yè)技

術資格考試和職(執(zhí))業(yè)資格考試取得資格證書的人員,聘用

單位可根據崗位需要自主決定對應聘人員的外語水平要

求。凡實行考評結合的系列(專業(yè))及體育教練員、工藝美術、

廣播電視藝術、技校高級實習指導教師系列(專業(yè)),外語考

試成績可不作為申報條件,其合格成績或當年考試成績作

為職稱評審的要素之一。

?注意事項

為了保證報考信息的準確采集和處理,報考人員在報名

和考試時要注意以下事項:

1、根據各省市人事廳(局)考試中心發(fā)布的報名程序和要

求,到指定的報名點領取報名表。如果規(guī)定實行光電閱讀器

-計算機自動采集報名信息,還要領取報名信息卡和《報考

6

手冊》。由單位集體組織報名的,應按本人所在單位規(guī)定的

具體程序報考。

2、如實、準確、工整地填寫報名表中的各有關項目,

并由所在單位加蓋公章。使用報名信息卡的,除按要求填寫

報名表外,還應嚴格按照《報考手冊》中規(guī)定的填涂工具和

填涂要求,認真、準確添涂好報名信息卡。報名表和報名信

息卡填好后,應認真檢查,確保報名的填寫和報名信息卡的

填涂準確無誤。

3、攜帶報名表、報名信息卡、照片、身份證和其它所需證

件到報名點辦理報名手續(xù),報名點發(fā)給每一報考人員一個報

名序號,該報名序號應保存好,以備后用。

二、職稱英語考試技巧

給大家說說關心的“字典”問題:

7

針對職稱英語考試中的第一部分詞匯題,我建議大家?guī)?/p>

一本同義詞詞典(雙解詞典),這類詞典的特點是用幾個同

義詞注解某一英文單詞,大家可以非常方便地在注解中找到

答案。

有了字典,又該如何查呢?我經常聽到有學員在答疑室

中說:某某單詞在字典里查不到,其實不是字典里沒有,而

是他們不會查,最常見到的情況有兩種:

第一種:分不清單詞詞性;如:

1.Beforeleavingthehouse,sheclosedthewindows.

2.Sheisclosetosuccess.

兩句話里都有close,但是詞性不同,第一句話里的是動詞,

因為有形式上的變化(-ed);而第二句話里的close跟在is

的后面,而且形式上沒有變化,因此判斷為形容詞。當尋找

8

他們的同義詞時,應針對不同的詞性加以判斷。這一點對于

大家來說非常重要!

第二中:分不清劃線單詞是原形,現在分詞或過去?式:

如:Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.(P602)

advisedB.causedC.forcedD.promised

如果去字典里查urged,當然是查不到的。

Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapply

first.(P461)

postedB.SentC.handedD.Given

接下來,我們一起練幾題,大家可以八仙過海各顯神通,看

誰做得又快又好!

1.Practicallyallanimalscommunicatethroughsounds.

A.ClearlyB.AlmostC.AbsolutelyD.Basically

9

2.Thestorywasverytouching.

A.InspiringB.BoringC.MovingD.absorbing

Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugar

thoroughly.

A.SpreadB.MixedC.BeatenD.covered

4.Iwon/ttoleratethatkindofbehaviour.

A.bearB.acceptC.admitD.take

5.Theindexisthegovernment'schiefgauieoffuture

economicactivity.

A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner

閱讀理解常用提問方式

1.有關主旨題的提問方式:

1)Themain(主要的)idea(思想,主意)ofthispassage(文

二i二、?

早)IS...

10

2)Whichofthefollowing(下列的)statements(句子)best

expresses

(表達)themainideaofthepassage?

3)Thepassagemainlydiscusses(討論)...

4)Thispassagemainlydealswith(涉及)...

5)Theauthor'spurpose(意圖)inwritingthispassageis...

6)Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.有關細節(jié)題的提問方式:

1)Somepeopledosth.because?

2)Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat.

3)What...?Which...?Who(Whom)...?When(Whattime)...

11

4)Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueexcept...?

Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotmentioned?

Whichofthefollowingismentioned?

WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

3.有關詞語釋義題的提問方式:

1)Theword"...”inline(行)...refersto(指)...

2)Inparagraph4/it"referto(means)

4.有關推理判斷題的提問方式:

1)Itcanbeinferred(推斷)fromthepassagethat

2)Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred?

3)Itcanbeconcluded(結論)fromthepassagethat

12

5.有關作者觀點意圖題的提問方式:

1)Theauthor'smain(主要的)purpose(目的)inthispassage

is

2)Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageis

3)Inthispassagetheauthor'sattitude(看法)couldbest..

4)Theauthor'smainthought(思想)isthat...

眾所周知,閱讀理解題的成敗關乎到考試能否及格,所

以一定要掌握好的解題方法,在大家詞匯量都不是很多的情

況下,方法就顯得極其重要!

閱讀理解例題:

例一:

LightNight,DarkStars

13

1.Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestepoutsideto

gazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnight,withnoclouds,

moonlight,orartificiallightstoblocktheview,peoplecansee

morethan14,000starsinthesky,saysDennisWard,an

astronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationforAtmospheric

Research(UCAR)inBoulder,Colo.Butwhenpeopleare

surroundedbycitylights,hesays,they'reluckytosee150

stars.

2.Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenits

glowfromagreatdistance,you'vewitnessedlightpollution.It

occurswhenlightfromstreetlights,officebuildings,signs,and

othersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenight

sky.Thishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeople

14

onEarth.Evenatnight,bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlight

pollution,makingstargazingdifficulto

3.Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesand

industriesworsentheeffectsotlightpollution."Ifonecityhas

alotmorelightpollutionthananother,“Wardsays,“thatcity

willsuffertheeffectsoflightpollutiononamuchgreater

scale."

4.Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomers

todotheirjobs.

5.Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginonce

dark,ruralareas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentis

increasinglyobscuringtilefaintlightgivenoffbydistant

stars.Andifscientistscan'tlocatetheseobjects,theycan't

learnmoreaboutthem.

15

6.Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcan

harmwildlifetoo.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattract

animals,makingthemgooffcourse”.There'sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsand

sunrisestohelpfindtheirwayzsaysSydneyGauthreausJr.,a

scientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlight

occursatnight/hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive

influence."Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers,highrises,

andcablesfromradioandtelevisiontowers.Expertsestimate

thatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayeveryyear.

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope.

BWhentheyareinalargecity.

16

CWhenthenightskyisclearofclouds,moonlightandartificial

lights.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTrelatedtolight

pollution?

AAhazeoflightformedfromartificiallightssuchasstreetlights

andbuildinglights.

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowing

citiesinthenight.

DStargazingbecomesdifficultbecausethereisalayerofhaze

intheair.

17

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffect

astronomers?work?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbylights.

BNo.Becausetheycanstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomers

tostudystarso

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenona

clearnight

4.Howdoeslightpollutiotlaffectwildlife?Whichofthe

followingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificial

lights.

B.Animalsmightbeattractedbyartificiallightstogointo

cities.

18

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheir

way.

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitle7'Light

Night,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskyandmakestarsinvisible.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

先理解標題,推測文章內容:LightNight,DarkStars0

沒有生詞,明亮的夜晚,昏暗的星空。只是看題目,還不易

推測出文章的主要內容,因此,要快速瀏覽全文,看能否找

到出現頻率較高的詞或短語,它們有可能就是文章的核心!

19

大家看到了我用黑線標出了出現頻率最多的短語?:light

pollution.所以可以推測文章的內容和光污染有關。

接下來判斷所給5題的題型,我們發(fā)現1至4都是細節(jié)

題,因此只需要找到關鍵詞逐一回答即可。而第5題是主旨

題,而且是最后一題,所以要等文章讀完后最后做。

1.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?

AWhentheyhaveafairlygoodtelescope當他們有一個非常不

錯的望遠鏡.

BWhentheyareinalargecity當他們在大城市時.

CWhenthenightskvisclearofclouds,moonlightand

artificial在hts當夜空中沒有云、月光和人造燈光時.

DWhenthenightskyiswithouthazeandfog當夜空沒有陰霾

和大霧時.

20

分析:關鍵詞很容易找14000stars,在第一段出現了該詞:

Thousandsofpeople(數以千計的人)aroundtheglobe(世

界上)stepoutside(走出去)togazeat(凝視)theirnight

sky.Onadear(晴朗的)night,withnoclouds,moonlight,

orartificial(人造的)lightstoblock(遮擋、擋?。﹖heview,

peoplecanseemorethan14,000starsintheskv(答案C),says

DennisWard,anastronomer(天文學家)withtheUniversity

CorporationforAtmosphericResearch(UCAR)inBoulder,

Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurrounded(被。。。包圍)bycity

lights,hesays,they'reluckytosee150stars.

補充:請注意短語:beclearofsth:無阻礙、障礙、危險

如:Waituntiltheroadisclearoftrafficbeforecrossing.(等至!)

路上沒車時再過馬路。)

21

2.Whichofthefollowingstatements(敘述)isNOTrelatedto

(同。。。有關)lightpollution?

AAhazeoflightisformedfromartificiallightssuchas

streetlightsandbuildinglights(陰霾的光是由人造光而形成

的,如路燈和建筑物的光).

BLightsfromdifferentsourcesinthecitystreamintospaceand

illuminatethenightsky來自于不同來源的光進入太空并照亮

了夜空.

CThenightskyisilluminatedbythelightsfrombigglowing

citiesinthenight夜空由晚上大城市發(fā)出的光照亮.

DStargazing(star+gazing觀望星星)becomesdifficult

becausethereisalayerofhazeintheair由于空氣中有一層

霾,所以觀望星星變得困難.

22

分析:本題的關鍵詞是lightpollution,而且按照題目的題號應

該在文章的前面,所以從第二段找找看:

Ifyou'veeverdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglow

(答案)(見證、目

fromagreatdistanceCLyou'vewitnessed

睹)lightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlights,

officebuildings,signs,andothersourcesstreamsintospace

andilluminatesthenightsky(答案A,B表述).Thishazeoflight

makesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenatnight,

bigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollution,making

stargazingdifficult(請注意這句話并不是答案D,他們不同,

該句是說:甚至在晚上,許多像紐約這樣的大城市所產生的

燈光使觀望星星變得困難。)所以,D的表述同光污染沒有關

聯。

23

3.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers/

work?Whydoeshethinkso?

AYes.Becausetheoncedarkruralareasarepollutedbvlights

因為曾經黑暗的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)被光污染了.

BNo.BecausetheyCallstillseestarsinruralareas.

C.Yes.Becauseruralareasarenotagoodplaceforastronomers

tostudystars因為鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)不是一個好的研究星星的地方。

D.No.Becausefaintlightgivenoffbystarscallstillbeseenona

clearnight

分析:題目是說:不斷擴大的城市會影響天文學家的工作

嗎?為什么他會這樣認為?

在A答案中我們可以看到線索詞:polluted和lights.所以,

根據閱讀的規(guī)律,只要和線索詞有關的答案,多半就是最終

24

答案。如果大家想檢查答案是否正確的話,也可以帶著關鍵

詞astronomers去找答案:

Hazyskiesalsomakeitfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodo

theiriobs.

通過對句子的分析,排除答案B,D.留下A,C.在接下來的段

落中可以對答案加以判斷:

Citiesaregettinglarger.Suburbs(郊區(qū))aregrowinginonce

dark,ruralareas.Lightfromallthisnewdevelopmentis

((變得模糊)(微弱的)

increasinglyobscuringffi0o,thefaint

lightgivenoffbydistantstars.Andifscientistscan'tlocate(確

定。。。的位置)theseobjects,theycan'tlearnmoreabout

them.

25

總結:做閱讀理解時大家需要牢牢抓住文章的中心或核心

詞,只要被選項中有核心內容的出現就可以推測為正確答

案!

4.Howdoeslightpollutionaffectwildlife?Whichofthe

followingisNOTcorrect?

A.Animalsmaygooffcourseduetotheattractionofartificial

lights

由于受到人造光的吸引,動物們可能偏離航向.

B.AnimalsmightbeattractedbvartificiallightstoHOinto

cities.

動物們可能會受到人造光的吸引而進入城市

C.Artificiallightsatnightmaymakemigratingbirdslosetheir

way.

夜間的人造光可能會使遷徙的鳥類們迷路

26

DAttractedbyartificiallights,birdsflyintolightedbuildings.

由于受到人造光的吸引,鳥類飛進有光的建筑物里。

分析:題目是說:光污染是如何影響野生動物?下列哪個說

法不正確?

關鍵詞就是wildlife,在最后一段里,可以找到內容:

Lightpollutiondoesn'tonlyaffectstarvisibility.Itcanharm

wildlifetoo.It'sclearthatartificiallightcallattractanimals,

makingthemHOoffcourse”(答案A).There'sincreasing

evidence.Forexample,thatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsand

sunrisestohelpfindtheirway,saysSydneyGauthreausJr.,a

scientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina."Whenlight

occursatnight,“hesays,“ithasaverydisruptive(破壞,性的)

influence(答案C)."Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowers

(答案D),highrises,andcablesfromradioandtelevision

27

towers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethisway

everyyear.

所以,答案B并未提到。

5.Whichofthefollowingisclosest(最接近的)inmeaning(意

思)tothetitle'lightNight,DarkStars"?

A.Thenightskyislightcoloredandstarsareblack夜空是淺色

的而星星是黑色的.

B.Lightsappearatnightandstarsareseeninthedark

光顯現在夜晚而在黑暗中人們看見星星.

C.Citieslightsillunfinatethenightskvandmakestarsinvisible

城市的燈光照亮了夜空而使得星星已經無法看見.

DCitylightsatnightilluminatestarsinthesky.

夜晚的城市的燈光照亮了天空中的星星。

28

分析:本題是唯一的一道主旨題,所以需要縱觀全文。通過

我們對前4題的解答,完全可以判斷出文章的主題就是說:

由于不斷擴大的城市,越來越多的城市燈光,已經成為一種

污染,使得天空中的星星黯然失色,所以答案就是C。

例二:

DecliningInterestinDevelopingForeignLanguageSkills

1.Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,voiceof

Americahasreported.Newfiguresshowthatonly13percentof

highschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeignlanguage.Butfour

decadesago,40percenthadforeignlanguageskills.

2.ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,says

increasinglystudentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanother

languagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

29

economicboom,whichisdrivenbyred-hotdemandforits

minerals,ishelpingmaskseriousdeficienciesinitslanguage

skills.

3.AustraliadoesbusinessverysuccessfullyinEnglishwithmost

ofitstradingpartners.Butastheworld'seconomicpowershifts

toemergingregionssuchasAsia,itslanguagegapcouldsoon

beexposed.Accordingtothenewfigures,lessthan6.5percent

ofhighschoolgraduatesareproficientinanAsianlanguage.

AcademicsworrythatthismeansAustraliawillincreasinglybe

isolatedfromitseconomicallyimportantAsianneighbors.Dilip

Dutta,fromtheeconomicsandbusinessfacultyatSydney

University,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetrading

opportunities.IfAustralianswanttotradewithAsiancountries,

30

itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthelanguagethatwillhelp

themtogetclosertotheculture.

4.ButstudentshavedifferentopinionsaboutAsianlanguage

learningPippaMcCowage,a22-year-oldAustralianstudent,

saysmanyyoungAustralianshaveahalf-heartedapproachto

foreignlanguages,andthelanguagecurriculumisoftenweak.

“Whilewe'reencouragedinhighschooltolearnanother

language,it'snotreallyapparenttomeasarealistic

expectationthatyouwillhavetospeakit,"saidMcCowage.

“Forexample,IlearnedJapaneseinhighschool,whenIwenton

anexchangeinYear10,IfoundthattheJapanesestudentsof

myagehadamuchgreaterproficiencyinEnglishthanIdidin

Japanese.Sointhatsense,italmostdiscouragesyou.

31

5.Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexportsgo

toAsiaandtheAustraliangovernmenthasbeenkeenon

developingclosereconomicanddiplomatictieswithAsia.

Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomesoneoftheworld's

economicpowerhouses,Australianeedstoimproveits

languageskillsifitistotakefulladvantageofthebusiness

opportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

1.Howmuchpercentofhighschoolgraduateswereproficient

inforeignlanguagesfortyyearsago?

A.70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

32

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsiancountries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeign

language.

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentbeenkeenlyinterestedin

strengtheningtieswithAsia?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheir

holidays.

33

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigrolein

internationalaffairs.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby

A)college.B)institute.C)university.D)

department.

解題目:Declining衰退的Interest興趣inDeveloping

發(fā)展、開發(fā)ForeignLanguage外語Skills技能,所以串

在一起可以將之理解成:逐漸喪失提高外語技能的興趣。通

過理解題目,我們可以推測一下,在文章中foreignlanguages

和declininginterest應是核心詞。

34

接下來,來看5道題的題目,對出題方式加以判斷:1,3,

4都是細節(jié)題,而2題是推斷題;5題是詞語釋義題。針對

不同出題方式的題目要以不同的方法加以應對。

1.Howmuchpercent百分數ofhighschoolgraduates(高中畢

業(yè)生)wereproficient(精通的)inforeignlanguagesforty

yearsago(40年前)?

A)70.B)13.C)40.D)6.5.

分析:這是細節(jié)題,關鍵詞:highschoolgraduates,fortyyears

agoo位于第一題的位置,所以答案應該來源于第一段:

Australia'sforeignlanguageskillsaredeclining,Voiceof

Americahasreported.Newfigures(數字)showthatonly

13percentofhighschoolgraduatescanspeakaforeign

language.Butfourdecades(一個decade是10年)ago(40

35

年前),40percenthadforeignlanguageskills(答案的

出處).

2.Whatcanbeinferred(推測出)fromparagraph2?

A)Australiahasrichdepositsofminerals.(澳大利亞有豐

富的礦藏)

B)Australiaisessentiallyaself-sufficientcountry.

C)AustraliahasnointentiontotradewithAsian

countries.

D)Australianstudentsarenotrequiredtolearnaforeign

language.

分析:題目中有infer,所以該題是推斷題。因此,需要讀

第二段,尋找核心內容,主要是要找到關鍵句:

36

ProfessorEliseTipton,fromtheUniversityofSydney,says

increasinglystudentsdonotfeeltheneedtolearnanother

languagetoboosttheircareer.ShebelievesthatAustralia's

(經濟的繁榮)(受到驅動)

economicboomzwhichisdriven

byred-hot(非常有活力的)demand(要求)foritsminerals

礦物(核心詞),ishelpingmask掩蓋seriousdeficiencies不

足initslanguageskills.

注意:一般發(fā)現A、B、C、D四個選項中,哪個選項出現中

心詞,一般該選項就是正確答案。

3.WhatdoesDilipDuttathinklanguageskillscando?

A.Improveyourrelationwithyourpartner.

B.Helpsettleinternationalconflicts.

C.Removebarriersinnegotiations.

37

D.Increasetradingopportunities.

分析:這是一道標準的細節(jié)題,中心詞就是:DilipDuttao

帶著它,我們可以在第三段里搜索到相關的語句:

DilipDutta,fromtheeconomiceandbusinessfacultyatSydney

University,sayslanguageskillscanenhancetrading

opportunities(答案D出處?。?IFAustralianswanttotradewith

Asiancountries,itisveryimportantforthemtolearnthe

languagethatwillhelpthemtogetclosertotheculture.

4.WhyhastheAustraliangovernment(澳大利亞政府)been

keenly(強烈地)interestedinstrengthening(加強)ties(聯

系)withAsia(亞洲)?

A)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliaislocated.

B)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustralia'smajorexportsgo.

38

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliansgoandspendtheir

holidays.

C)BecauseAsiaiswhereAustraliacanplayabigrolein

internationalaffairs.

分析:從題目的類型來說,一定是細節(jié)題,找到核心詞:

Australiangovernment,keenlyinterestedin,tieswithAsia。

我們會發(fā)現核心詞沒有出現在第四段中,而在最后一段中擺

現了:

Atpresent,about70percentofAustralia'smajorexports(主要

的出口貨物)gotoAsiaand(該詞相當于so,因果關系連詞)

theAustraliangovernmenthasbeerkeenondevelopingcloser

(親密的)economic(經濟的)anddiplomatic(夕卜交的)

tieswithAsia(答案出處).Academicssaythat,asAsiabecomes

oneoftheworld'seconomicpowerhouses(支柱),Australia

39

needstoimproveitslanguageskillsifitistotakefulladvantage

ofthebusinessopportunitiesonitsdoorstep.

5.Theword"faculty"inparagraph3canbereplacedby

A)college學院.B)institute學會、研究所

C)university大學.D)department系.

分析:這是一道詞語釋義題。大家可以查字典,也可以根據

單詞出現的前后文來判斷:DilipDutta,fromtheeconomics(經

濟學)(貿易)o

andbusinessfacultyatSydneyUniversity,oo

因為后面有...university,因此自然想到是大學里的“系”。

例三:

OlderVolcanicEruptions

40

1.Volcanoesweremoredestructiveinancienthistory,not

becausetheywerebigger,butbecausethecarbondioxidethey

releasedwipedoutlifegreaterease.

2.PaulWignailfromtheUniversityofLeedswasinvestigating

thelinkbetweenvolcaniceruptionsandmassextinctions.Not

allvolcaniceruptionskilledofflargenumbersofanimals,butall

themassextinctionsoverthepast300millionyearscoincided

withhugeformationsofvolcanicrock.Tohissurprise,theolder

themassivevolcaniceruptionswere,themoremoredamage

theyseemedtodo.Hecalculatedthe“killingefficiency"for

thesevolcanoesbycomparingtheproportionoflifetheykilled

offwiththevolumeoflavathattheyproduced.Hefoundthat

sizeforsize,oldereruptionswereatleast10timesaseffective

atwipingoutlifeastheirmorerecentrivals.

41

3.ThePermianextinction,forexample,whichhappened250

millionyearsago,ismarkedbyfloodsofvolcanicrockinSiberia

thatcoveranarearoughlythesizeofwesternEurope.Those

volcanoesarethoughttohavepumpedoutabout10

gigatonnesofcarbonascarbondioxide.Theglobalwarming

thatfollowedwipedout80percentofallmarinegeneraatthe

time,andittook5millionyearsfortheplanettorecover.Yet60

millionyearsago,therewasanotherhugeamountofvolcanic

activityandglobalwarmingbutnomassextinction.Some

animalsdiddisappearbutthingsreturnedtonormalwithinten

thousandsofyears."Themostrecentoneshardlyhavean

effectatall/Wignailsays.Heignoredtheextinctionwhich

wipedoutthedinosaurs65millionyearsago,becausemany

scientistsbelieveitwasprimarilycausedbytheimpactofan

42

asteroid.Hethinksthatoldervolcanoeshadmorekillingpower

becausemorerecentlifeformswerebetteradaptedtodealing

withincreasedlevelsofCO2.

4.VincentCourtillot,directoroftheparisGeophysicalInstitute

inFrance,saysthatWignalKsideaisprovocative.Buthesaysit

isincrediblyhardtodothesesortsofcalculations.Hepointsout

thatthekillingpowerofvolcaniceruptionsdependsonhow

longtheylasted.Anditisimpossibletotellwhetherthehuge

blastslastedforthousandsormillionsofyears.Healsoadds

thatitisdifficulttoestimatehowmuchlavaprehistoric

volcanoesproduced,andthatlavavolumemaynotnecessarily

correspondtocarbondioxideemissions.

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmore

recentones?

43

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

2.HowdidWignailcalculatethekillingpowerofthoseolder

volcaniceruptions?

A.Byestimatinghowlongtheylasted.

B.Bycountingthedinosaurstheykilled.

C.Bystudyingthechemicalcompositionoflava.

D.Bycomparingtheproportionoflifewipedoutwiththe

volumeoflavaproduced.

3.Whendiddinosaursbecomeextinct?

A)300millionyearsago.

B)250millionyearsago.

44

C)60millionyearsago.

D)65millionyearsago

4.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3concerningdinosaurs?

A)Theywerekilledoffbyanasteroid.

B)Theydiedofdrasticclimatechange.

C)Theywerewipedoffbyavolcaniceruption.

D)Thecauseoftheirextinctionhasremainedacontroversial

issue.

5.Whatisthemainthesisofthearticle?

A)Volcaniceruptionsarenotalwaysdeadly.

B)Oldervolcaniceruptionsweremoredestructive.

C)Carbondioxideemissionsoftengiverisetoglobalwarming.

D)Itisnoteasytocalculatethekillingpowerofavolcanic

eruption.

45

解標題:OlderVolcanic(火山的)Eruptions(噴發(fā))

本文講的是遠古火山噴發(fā),所以oldervolcaniceruptions應是

核心詞。

1.Whydidoldervolcaniceruptionsdomoredamagethanmore

recentones?(為什么遠古火山噴發(fā)比近期噴發(fā)損害更大?)

A.Becausetheykilledofflifemoreeasily.

B.Becausetheywerebrighter.

C.Becausetheywerelarger.

D.Becausetheywerehotter.

分析:細節(jié)題。第一題,一般在開頭段落尋找答案。

Volcanoesweremoredestructive(更具有破壞性的)inancient

history(在古代的勞歷史中),notbecause(不是因為)they

46

werebigger;butbecause(而是因為)thecarbondioxide(二

氧化碳)theyreleased(他們所釋放的,定語修飾前面的the

carbondioxide)wipedout擦去、抹去life生命greaterease

(更容易).

句子是說:古代的火山更具殺傷力,不是

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論