亞太地區(qū)兒童情況分析報告-外文版培訓(xùn)課件2024.7temu

POLITICS

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SOCIETYChildrenintheAsia-PacificregionCHAPTER

01OverviewShareofchildreninthepopulationoftheAsia-Pacificregionin2023,bycountryorterritoryChildrenasashareofthepopulationAPAC2023,bycountryShareoftotalpopulation20%0%5%10%15%25%30%35%40%45%AfghanistanPakistan42.8%36.1%Timor-LestePapuaNewGuineaMongolia34.2%33.9%32.3%Laos30.3%30%PhilippinesCambodiaNepal28.6%28.5%BangladeshIndiaIndonesiaMyanmar25.5%24.9%24.9%24.4%3Description:In2023,approximately42.8percentofthepopulationinAfghanistanwereagedupto14yearsold.Incomparison,justover11.2percentofthepopulationinSouthKoreawerechildrenbelowtheageof14thatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023Source(s):UNESCAPTotalfertilityratesintheAsia-Pacificregionin2024,bycountryorterritory(innumberoflivebirthsperwoman)TotalfertilityratesAPAC2024,bycountryNumberofbirths2.0

2.50.00.51.01.53.03.54.04.55.0AfghanistanPakistan4.33.3PapuaNewGuineaTimor-LesteMongolia3.12.92.72.7PhilippinesLaos2.4CambodiaIndonesiaMyanmarIndia2.32.12.122NepalBangladesh1.94Description:Withanaverageof4.3birthsperwoman,AfghanistanhadthehighestfertilityratethroughouttheAsia-Pacificregionin2024.PakistanandPapuaNewGuineafollowedwiththesecondandthird-highestfertilityrates,respectively.Incontrast,SouthKoreaandHongKonghadthelowestfertilityratesacrosstheregion.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2024Source(s):UNESCAPHighestyouthliteracyratesintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryorterritoryHighestyouthliteracyratesAPAC2022,bycountryYouth

literacy

rate99.81%99.79%99.78%99.77%99.73%99.43%99.07%98.93%98.8%China**Macao*Indonesia**Brunei*Singapore**Maldives*Mongolia**SriLanka*Thailand*Bhutan98%India96.54%95.97%94.51%CambodiaLaos5Description:In2020,Chinahadayouthliteracyrateofabout99.8percent.Incontrast,Afghanistan'syouthliteracyratestoodat55.9percentin2021.IndicatorsfortheliteracyrateAnindicatorwhichcanbeseentoaffecttheliteracyrateisthegovernmentaleffortininvestingineducation.Theamountoffundsinvestedintotheeducationsectorisafactorwhichcandetermineacountry’sstateofeducation,astheamountofmoneybeingspentoneducationwouldhaveanimpactonresources,learning[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022;*2021data

**2020data

Valuesrepresenttheliteracyrateforyouthsbetween15-24years.

ReadmoreSource(s):WorldBankShareofchildreninchildlaborin2020,byregionShareofchildreninchildlabor2020,byregion25%21.6%20%15%10%5.8%5.7%5.6%4.3%5%0%AfricaArabStatesEuropeandCentralAsiaAsiaandthePacificAmericas6Description:In2020,21.6percentofchildrenagedfrom5to17yearsinAfricawereinchildlabor.Theproportionofworking5-14yearoldsintheAsiaandPacificregionwasat5.6percentinthesameyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2020;5-17yearsSource(s):ILO;UNICEFCHAPTER

02BirthsandmortalityCrudebirthrateinEastAsiain2023,bycountryorterritory(inbirthsper1,000population)CrudebirthrateEastAsia2023,bycountryBirthsper1,000population10

12024681416182022MongoliaNorthKoreaMacao19.512.910China7.5Japan6.6SouthKoreaHongKong5.65.58Description:In2023,MongoliahadthehighestcrudebirthrateamongEastAsiancountriesorregions,withacrudebirthrateof19.5livebirthsper1,000ofthepopulation.Comparatively,HongKonghad5.5livebirthsper1,000ofthepopulationin2023.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023Source(s):UNESCAPCrudebirthrateinSoutheastAsiain2023,bycountry(inbirthsper1,000population)CrudebirthrateSEA2023,bycountryBirthsper1,000population150510202530Timor-LestePhilippinesLaos24.321.321CambodiaMyanmarIndonesiaMalaysiaVietnamBrunei18.516.71614.814.313.2ThailandSingapore8.77.19/statistics/615499/crude-birth-rate-in-southeast-asia-by-countryIn2023,Timor-LestehadthehighestcrudebirthrateamongtheSoutheastAsiancountries,withacrudebirthrateof24.3livebirthsper1,000ofthepopulation.Incomparison,therewere7.1?livebirthsper1,000ofthepopulationinSingaporein2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023Source(s):UNESCAPCrudebirthrateinSouthAsiain2023,bycountry(inbirthsper1,000population)CrudebirthrateSouthAsia2023,bycountryBirthsper1,000population150510202530PakistanNepal26.919.8BangladeshIndia17.316.1SriLankaMaldivesBhutan13.613.112.210/statistics/615512/crude-birth-rate-in-south-asia-by-countryIn2023,PakistanhadthehighestcrudebirthrateamongtheSouthAsiancountries,withacrudebirthrateof26.9livebirthsper1,000ofthepopulation.Comparatively,therewere12.2livebirthsforevery1,000ofthepopulationintheBhutanin2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023Source(s):UNESCAPAdolescentfertilityrateintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryorterritory(per1,000women)AdolescentfertilityrateAPAC2022,bycountryBirthsperthousandwomen30

40010205060708090AfghanistanBangladeshLaos79.7473.3571.78Nepal63.36PapuaNewGuineaPhilippinesCambodiaPakistan54.3448.0645.6641.21Vietnam34.9933.27Timor-LesteIndonesiaMyanmar32.9432.76Thailand31.5911Description:In2022,Afghanistanhadthehighestnumberofbirthsamongwomenagedbetween15and19,withapproximately79.7birthsperthousandadolescentwomen.AcrosstheAsia-Pacificregion,theadolescentfertilityrateforthatyearwaslowestinHongKong,witharound1.6birthsperthousandwomenbetween15and19years.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022;15-19yearsSource(s):WorldBankInfantmortalityrateintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountry(per1,000livebirths)InfantmortalityrateAPAC2022,bycountryNumberofdeathsperthousandlivebirths20

30010405060PakistanAfghanistanTimor-LestePapuaNewGuineaLaos5144.841.533.432.732.5MyanmarIndiaBangladeshNepalPhilippinesCambodiaBhutan25.524.12321.820.320.1Indonesia18.112Description:In2022,PakistanhadthehighestinfantmortalityrateintheAsia-Pacificregion,around51deathsper1,000livebirths.JapanandSingaporehadthelowestinfantmortalityratesinAPACthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022Source(s):WorldBankUnder-fivechildmortalityrateintheAsia-Pacificregionin2021,bycountry(per1,000livebirths)Under-fivechildmortalityrateAPAC2021,bycountryNumberofdeathsperthousandlivebirths20

30

40010506070PakistanAfghanistanTimor-LestePapuaNewGuineaLaos63.355.750.542.842.5MyanmarIndia41.830.6BangladeshNepal27.327.2Bhutan26.725.724.8PhilippinesCambodiaIndonesia22.213/statistics/696072/asia-pacific-under-five-child-mortality-rate-by-countryIn2021,theunder-fivechildmortalityrateinPakistanwasapproximately63.3deathsperonethousandlivebirths.Comparatively,theunder-fivechildmortalityrateinSingaporeamountedtoaroundtwodeathsperonethousandlivebirthsin2021.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2021Source(s):UNESCAPCHAPTER

03EducationNumberofyearsoffreeprimaryandsecondaryschooleducationintheAsia-Pacificregionin2023,bycountryorterritoryDurationoffreeprimaryandsecondaryeducationAPAC2023,bycountryNumberofyearsSriLankaAustralia131313NewZealandMaldives12121212121212121212NepalPakistanHongKongMacaoIndonesiaMongoliaPhilippinesThailandAfghanistan*15Description:In2023,13yearsoffreeprimaryandsecondaryschooleducationinSriLanka,Australia,andNewZealandwereguaranteedinlegalframeworks.Incomparison,onlyfiveyearsoffreepre-tertiaryschooleducationwereguaranteedinBangladesh,Myanmar,andVietnamthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023;*2022dataSource(s):UNESCOInstituteforStatisticsPrimaryschoolcompletionrateintheAsia-Pacificregionin2023,bycountryPrimaryschoolcompletionrateAPAC2023,bycountryCompletionrateMongoliaThailand99.7%99.5%99.5%99%AustraliaMaldives*Vietnam99%China98.4%97.7%95.7%95.6%Indonesia*IndiaPhilippinesBangladeshCambodiaPapuaNewGuinea*88%81.7%62.8%16Description:In2023,theprimaryschoolcompletionrateforchildreninMongoliawas99.7percent.Comparatively,theprimaryschoolcompletionrateforchildreninCambodiaamountedtoapproximately81.7percentinthesameyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023;*2022dataReadmoreSource(s):UNESCAPPrimaryschoolcompletionrateoffemalestudentsintheAsia-Pacificregionin2023,bycountryorterritoryFemaleprimaryschoolcompletionrateAPAC2023,bycountryCompletionrate0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%99.8%110%MongoliaThailand99.8%99.7%99.3%99.2%99.1%98.9%AustraliaVietnamChinaMaldives*Indonesia*PhilippinesIndia97.4%96.8%94.6%BangladeshCambodiaPapuaNewGuinea*Afghanistan*87.3%69.6%35.9%17/statistics/712704/asia-pacific-female-primary-school-completion-rate-2015In2023,thefemaleprimaryschoolcompletionrateinthelastgradeofprimaryeducationinMongoliawas99.8percent.Comparatively,theprimaryschoolcompletionrateforgirlsinCambodiaamountedtoapproximately87.3percentthatsameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023;*2022dataReadmoreSource(s):UNESCAPPrimaryschoolcompletionrateofmalestudentsintheAsia-Pacificregionin2023,bycountryMaleprimaryschoolcompletionrateAPAC2023,bycountryCompletionrate40%

50%0%10%20%30%60%70%80%90%100%99.5%110%MongoliaAustralia99.4%99.3%ThailandVietnam98.7%China97.7%Indonesia*India96.6%94.7%93.9%PhilippinesBangladeshCambodiaPapuaNewGuinea*81.6%76.2%56.6%18/statistics/732574/asia-pacific-male-primary-school-completion-rateIn2023,theprimaryschoolcompletionrateformalestudentsinthelastgradeofprimaryeducationinMongoliawasapproximately99.5percent.Comparatively,themaleprimaryschoolcompletionrateinCambodiawasaround76.2percentthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2023;*2022data.

Figureshavebeenrounded.ReadmoreSource(s):UNESCAPCHAPTER

04ChildlaborNumberofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionfrom2008to2020,withforecastsfor2025and2030(inmillions)NumberofchildreninchildlaborAPAC2008-2020120100806040200113.677.762.148.733.422.720082012201620202025*2030*20Description:ThenumberofchildreninvolvedinchildlaboracrosstheAsia-Pacificregiondecreasedcontinuouslybetween2008and2020.In2020,approximately48.7millionchildrenagedfiveto17yearswereinvolvedinchildlaborinAPAC,equivalenttoa5.6percentshareofchildrenintheagegroup.Thismarkedadecreasefromaround113.6millionin2008.Projectedtodecreasefurtheroverthenextdecade,thenumberissettoreachabout22.7millionin2030.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2008to2020;5-17years;*ProjectionsReadmoreSource(s):ILO;UNICEFNumberofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionin2020,bygenderandagegroup(inmillions)NumberofchildreninchildlaborAPAC2020,bygenderandagegroup5-11years12-14years15-17years353010.525206.4151053.63.215.79.40MaleFemale21Description:In2020,boysagedbetweenfiveand11yearsmadeupthebiggestcohortofchildrenintheAsia-Pacificregionthatwereinvolvedinchildlabor.Acrossallselectedagegroups,thenumberofboysinvolvedinchildlaborwassignificantlyhigherthanthatofgirls.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2020;5-17yearsSource(s):ILO;UNICEFShareofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionfrom2008to2020ShareofworkingchildrenAPAC2008-202014.5%13.3%13.5%12.5%11.5%10.5%9.5%9.3%8.5%7.4%20167.5%6.5%5.6%20205.5%4.5%2008201222Description:TheprevalenceofchildlaboracrosstheAsia-Pacificregiondecreasedcontinuouslybetween2008and2020.In2020,approximately5.6percentofchildrenagedfiveto17yearswereinvolvedinchildlaborintheregion.ThenumberofchildreninchildlaborinAPACwasprojectedtodecreasefurtheroverthenextdecade.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2008to2020;5-17yearsSource(s):ILO;UNICEFShareofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionin2020,byagegroupandsubregionShareofchildreninchildlaborAPAC2020,byageandsubregion5-11years12-14years15-17years100%90%26%29.9%80%70%19.8%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%19.4%54.2%50.7%CentralandSouthAsiaEastandSoutheastAsia23Description:In2020,childrenagedbetweenfiveand11yearsmadeupthebiggestshareofchildreninvolvedinchildlaboracrossAsia-Pacific.Incontrast,12to14-year-oldsaccountedforthelowestshareinbothsurveyedsubregions.ThenumberofchildreninchildlabourinAPACamountedtoapproximately48.7millionin2020,equivalenttoa5.6percentshareofchildrenintheagegroup.Thismarkedadecreasefromaround113.6millionin2008.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2020Source(s):ILO;UNICEFShareofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionin2020,bygenderandsubregionShareofchildreninchildlaborAPAC2020,bygenderandsubregionMaleFemale100%90%32.5%34.7%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%67.5%65.3%CentralandSouthAsiaEastandSoutheastAsia24Description:In2020,boysweremorelikelytobeinvolvedinchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionthangirls,makingupashareofover65percentofallchildrenaged5to17yearsinvolvedinlaborinbothsurveyedsubregions.ThenumberofchildreninchildlabourinAPACamountedtoapproximately48.7millionin2020,equivalenttoa5.6percentshareofchildrenintheagegroup.Thismarkedadecreasefromaround113.6millionin2008.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2020;5-17yearsSource(s):ILO;UNICEFShareofchildreninchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionin2020,byeconomicsectorandsubregionShareofchildreninchildlaborAPAC2020,byeconomicsectorandsubregionAgricultureIndustryServices100%90%23.4%17.9%27.3%16.1%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%58.7%56.5%CentralandSouthAsiaEastandSoutheastAsia25Description:In2020,themajorityofchildreninvolvedinchildlaborintheAsia-Pacificregionwereemployedintheagriculturalsector.ThenumberofchildreninchildlabourinAPACamountedtoapproximately48.7millionin2020,equivalenttoa5.6percentshareofchildrenintheagegroup.Thismarkedadecreasefromaround113.6millionin2008.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2020;5-17yearsSource(s):ILO;UNICEFCHAPTER

05HealthandnutritionShareoflowbirthweightbabiesintheAsia-Pacificregionin2020,bycountryShareoflowbirthweightbabiesAPAC2020,bycountryShareofbirths15%0%5%10%20%25%30%IndiaBangladeshPhilippinesNepal27.44%23.05%21.14%19.73%19.38%18.21%17.98%PapuaNewGuineaTimor-LesteSriLankaLaos16.73%Malaysia13.81%Maldives13.72%13.64%BruneiMyanmarCambodia12.48%11.45%27/statistics/1453413/apac-share-of-low-birth-weight-babies-by-countryIn2020,theshareoflowbirthweightbabiesinIndiaaccountedfor27.44percent,thehighestshareacrosstheAsia-Pacificregion,followedbyBangladeshandthePhilippines.Newbornsweighinglessthan2.5thousandgramsareclassifiedaslowweight.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2020Source(s):WorldBankEstimatedshareofoverweightchildrenintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryShareofoverweightchildrenAPAC2022,bycountryShareofchildren1005152025AustraliaPapuaNewGuineaMongoliaIndonesiaBrunei21.81610.710.69.18.98.6ChinaThailandVietnam8.1Bhutan6.5Malaysia5.75.4SouthKoreaPhilippinesLaos4.6428Description:In2022,closeto22percentofthechildrenageduptofiveyearsoldinAustraliawereconsideredoverweight.Incontrast,lessthanonepercentofthechildrenunderfiveyearsoldinMyanmarwereclassifiedasoverweightthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022;amongchildrenunder5yearsoldSource(s):WorldBankShareofchildrenwhosufferfromwastingintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,byselectedcountryPrevalenceofwastinginchildrenAPAC2022,bycountyShareofchildren02468101214161820India**BangladeshMalaysia18.71111Cambodia*Timor-Leste**Thailand9.68.37.2Nepal7Philippines*Vietnam**AfghanistanSouthKorea**5.44.73.60.229Description:In2022,theprevalenceofwastinginchildrenunderfiveyearsoldinBangladeshamountedto11percent.Thatyear,around3.6percentofchildrenageduptofiveyearsoldinAfghanistansufferedfromwasting.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022;amongchildrenunder5yearsold;*2021value**2020valueWastingbasedonweighttoheightratio.ReadmoreSource(s):WorldBankNumberofchildrenlivingwithHIVintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryNumberofchildrenwithHIVAPAC2022,bycountryNumberofchildren30,000

40,000010,00020,00050,00060,00070,00080,000IndiaIndonesiaMyanmarPakistan68,00018,0008,9006,7004,4003,8002,000PapuaNewGuineaVietnamCambodiaThailand1,7001,2001,2001,000600BangladeshNepalPhilippinesLaosAfghanistanMalaysia57050030Description:In2022,therewerearound68thousandchildrenlivingwithHIVinIndia.Incomparison,therewereapproximately500childrenlivingwithHIVinMalaysiain2022.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022Source(s):WorldBankCHAPTER

06VaccinationShareofchildrenimmunizedagainstmeaslesintheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryShareofchildrenimmunizedagainstmeaslesAPAC2022,bycountryShareofimmunizedchildren40%

50%0%10%20%30%60%70%80%90%100%ChinaSriLankaJapan99%99%98%MaldivesBangladeshBhutan98%97%97%97%97%BruneiSouthKoreaAustraliaMalaysiaThailandIndia96%96%96%95%94%Mongolia32/statistics/732972/asia-pacific-measles-immunization-of-childrenIn2022,99percentofchildrenagedbetween12and23monthsinChinaandSriLankawereimmunizedagainstmeasles.Incontrast,virtuallynochildrenagedbetween12and23monthsinNorthKoreawereimmunizedagainstmeaslesthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022Source(s):WorldBankShareofchildrenimmunizedagainstdiphtheria,pertussis,andtetanus(DPT)intheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryShareofchildrenimmunizedagainstDPTAPAC2022,bycountryShareofimmunizedchildren0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100%BruneiChinaJapan99%99%99%99%98%98%98%98%MaldivesBangladeshBhutanSouthKoreaSriLankaMalaysiaThailandMongoliaAustraliaIndia97%97%95%94%93%33Description:In2022,99percentofchildrenagedbetween12and23monthswereimmunizedagainstdiphtheria,pertussis,andtetanus(DPT)intheMaldives,China,Japan,andBrunei.Incontrast,virtuallynochildrenagedbetween12and23monthswereimmunizedagainstDPTinNorthKoreainthesameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022Source(s):WorldBankShareofchildrenimmunizedagainsthepatitisB(hepB)intheAsia-Pacificregionin2022,bycountryShareofchildrenimmunizedagainsthepatitisBAPAC2022,bycountryShareofimmunizedchildren40%

50%0%10%20%30%60%70%80%90%100%BruneiChinaMaldivesBangladeshBhutanSriLankaSouthKoreaThailandJapan99%99%99%98%98%98%97%97%96%MalaysiaSingaporeMongoliaAustralia96%96%95%94%34Description:In2022,therateofchildrenagedoneyearoldimmunizedagainsthepatitisBwashighintheAsia-Pacificregion,with99percentofone-year-oldchildrenhavinghadallthreedosesofthevaccineinChina,Maldives,andBrunei.Incomparison,69percentoftheone-year-oldchildreninAfghanistanreceivedthreedosesofthehepatitisBvaccinethatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Asia,APAC;2022Source(s):WorldBankShareofchildrenimmunizedagainsttuberculosis(TB)intheAsia-Pacific