人教版必修一Unit4閱讀理解專項(xiàng)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練10篇2025高中英語高一

人教版（2019）必修一Unit4閱讀理解Areflashfloodsbeingmoreserious?AccordingtotheEnvironmentAgency(EA)around5.2millionpropertiesinEnglandaloneareatriskofflooding.Climatechangeisbringingmoreunpredictableweatherpatterns,wetterweatherandrisingsealevels.Thereforeprotectingyourhomefromfloodinghasneverbeenmoreimportant.Herearesomethingsyoucando.First,stayinformed.DownloadtheMetOfficeweatherappandallownotices.Thisappwillprovideyouwithrealtimeweatherwarningsallowingyoutotakeappropriatemeasures.Dependingontheseverityofthewarningthiscouldrangefromensuringyouhaveagoodsupplyofdrinkingwatertoleaving.Extremeweathereventsareanunstoppableforce—sometimesleavingtheareawillbeyouronlysafeoption.Second,knowthelevelofriskbylookingatfloodmaps.Youmayberequiredtohavefloodinsuranceifyouliveinahighriskarea.Third,createanemergencyplan.Ifyouneedtoleaveinahurry,doyouhaveaplacetostay?Also,couldyouweatherthestorm?Makesureyoualwayskeepemergencysuppliestolastseveraldays,includingafirstaidcase.Havingawayofrechargingyourmobilephoneisworthconsideringtoo.Butbeparticularlycarefulwhentravellingbycar.Don’tdrivethroughfloodedstreets—it’sdifficulttojudgethewaterdepth,androadwayshiddenbelowthewatercancollapse.Iffloodwaterscauseyourvehicletolosecontrol,giveitupandseekthehigherground.Rapidlyrisingwatercansweepthevehicleaway.Knowyoursurroundingsandheadtothehigherground,andlistentotheradioupdateswheninaflood.Planfortheworst;hopeforthebest.InMarchofthisyear,theMetOfficepredictedthatextremerainfalleventscouldbefourtimesasfrequentby2080paredtothe1980s.Inthefaceofincreasingclimaterelatedchallenges,adoptingaproactiveapproachtofloodprotectionseemsincreasinglyadvisable.1．Whydoestheauthoraskthequestioninparagraph1?A．Toconfirmanidea. B．Tointroduceatopic.C．Toconcludethetext. D．Toexpresssomedoubts.2．Whatarethedriversespeciallyadvisedtodoiftravelling?A．Avoidthefloodedstreetsinparticular. B．Getridofnecessarysuppliesifnecessary.C．Purchasefloodinsuranceinfullmeasure. D．Keeptheweatherappupdatedovertime.3．Whatkindofwritingskillsdoestheauthoruseinthelastparagraph?A．Byanalyzingcauses. B．Bylistingrelevantdata.C．Bydescribingprocesses. D．Bymakingparisons.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhatIsaFlashFlood?B．DoFlashFloodsNeedControlling?C．AreFlashFloodsBeingMoreSerious?D．HowtoProtectOurselvesfromFlashFloods?InternationalShakeOutDayThisYearThisyear’sInternationalShakeOutDayisOctober17,whenmillionsofpeopleworldwidewilltakepartinearthquakedrills(演習(xí))atwork,school,orhome!Itisagreatwayforyourfamilyororganizationtobeebetterpreparedtosurviveandrecoverquicklyfrombigearthquakes.At10:17am(localtime)on10/17,youcanjoinmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldinpracticingearthquakesafety.Whileweencourageeveryonetotakepart,youcansignupforyourShakeOutdrillforanydayoftheyear,anddrillatatimeofyourchoice,Youcanalsoincludepeopleindifferentlocationsthroughvideos.FINDYOURREGIONMostparticipants(參與者)areinoneoftheofficialShakeOutRegionslistedbelowthepage(withcurrentsignuptotals).Peopleandorganizationsinothercountriescanalsosignup.AllregionstakepartinitonOctober17,2024,unlessspecified.（Asof

Today）GlobalTotalsUStotalsoct.17,2024DrillsOver270,000Over260,000All2024DrillsOver1.10millionOver950,000All2023DrillsOver57.3millionOver19.3millionShakeOutbeganinCaliforniaandhasalsobeenorganizedinmanyotherstatesandcountries.OfficialShakeOutRegionsrequirespeciallocalorregionalcooperation,typicallybyanemergency(緊急情況)managementagencyoraunionofmanyorganizations.IfyouareinterestedinestablishingShakeOutforyourregion,pleasecontactusats://.Ifyourstate,province,orcountryisnotyettakingpart,youcansignupforyourselforyourorganizationaspartoftheglobalparticipationtotal.5．Whatisthepurposeoftheactivity?A．Toraisepeople’ssafetyawareness.B．Tostressthechallengesofearthquakes.C．Tohelppeoplegetreadyforanearthquake.D．Towarnpeopleofthedangerofearthquakes.6．Howmanypeopleworldwidetookpartinthedrillsin2023?A．Over270,000. B．Over950,000. C．Over57.3million. D．Over19.3million.7．Whereisthetextfrom?A．Awebsite. B．Abookreview. C．Aguidebook. D．Adiaryentry.Artificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelongheldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatrialinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.Theresearchteambelievestheirmethodsucceededbecausetheystuckwitharelativelysimplemachinelearningapproach.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafiveyeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofiningearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(隆隆聲)intheEarth.ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAIdrivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearthquakesing,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpminimizeeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Eventually,theauthorshopetobinethesystemwithphysicsbasedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking.“Thatmaybealongwayoff,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward,”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.8．HowdoestheAIforecastearthquakes?A．Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.B．ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C．Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D．BymonitoringchangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.9．WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A．Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B．Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C．ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D．ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.10．Whatwillthefollowupresearchfocuson?A．Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B．ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C．BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D．Enlargingthedatabasetotrainthecalculationaccuracy.11．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquakepredictingtechnology?A．Stablebutoutdated. B．Effectivebutcostly.C．Potentialandeconomical. D．Pioneeringandpromising.TheeventtookplaceonSunday,the25thofJune.Onthatparticularday,asouthwindhadbeengusting(勁吹)onandoffallmorning.Itwasnotstrongenoughtocauseusanyconcern,sowecarriedonourdailywork,notdoubtingwhatwasabouttohappen.Thestormgaveusverylittlewarning.Blackcloudsappearedoverthedistanthorizon(地平線)sosuddenlythatweweretakenbysurprise.Eventhen,wewerenotreallyworried,asthecloudsseemedtobemovingoverourhouseandtowardsthedistantmountains.Then,justasthecloudshadmovedinland,thewindsuddenlyblewaroundinafullcircleandwewerefacingamajorstorm.Verysoon,wewerebusilypreparingfortheworst.Thewholefamilyhadexperiencedsuchastormbeforeandeveryonerememberedthedamageithadcausedtostockandcrops.Therewasverylittlewecoulddoaboutthecrops.Butweneededtoprotecttheanimalsincasetheriverfloodedagain.Myolderbrothercalledhissheepdogandbegandrivingoursmallflockofsheeptohighergroundabovetheriver.Iftheriverflooded,theyshouldbesafethere.Inthemeantime,myfatherwasmendingashedroofthathadpartlyfallendownaftermanyyearsoffineservice.Ifthetinflewoff,itcoulddamagethehouse.Myyoungerbrotherbeganhurriedlycarryingfirewoodundertheshelter.MyjobwastohelpMumboardupthewindows.Ifthestormdevelopedintoacyclone(旋風(fēng))，theboardswouldprotecttheglass.Thestormlastedforfourhours,pouringmorerainonusthanwehadseeninthelastfiveyears.Asexpected,theriverbrokeitsbanksandcameslowlyuptowardsthehouseandthestock.Then,justaswewerebeginningtolosehope,thestormstoppedassuddenlyasithadbegun.Theanimalsweresafe,andtheroofwasstillnailedon.“All’swellthatendswell,”saidmymother.12．Whentheblackcloudsappearedsuddenlyinthedistance,_______.A．thefamilyweresurprised B．theywereextremelyworriedC．theywerepreparingfortheworst D．theyfacedthestormbravely13．“Therewasverylittlewecoulddoaboutthecrops”suggeststhat______.A．littledamagewouldbedonetothecropsB．theyhadeverythingreadyforthecropsC．theyfeltunabletoprotectthecropsD．thecropsshouldbesafeenoughthere14．Accordingtothethirdparagraph,whatcouldbeprotectedfromthestorm?A．Moneyownedbythefamily. B．Goodsforsale.C．Suppliesforfamilyuse. D．Farmanimals.15．Itcanbeinferredfromwhatthemothersaidthat_________·A．theyhadnodamageatall B．everythingwasasfineasbeforeC．everythingwasundercontrol D．thefamilyhadagoodresultThereisagrowinghopeinthefieldofearthquakeprediction(預(yù)測(cè))duetoartificialintelligence(AI),whichischallengingthewidelyacceptedbeliefthatearthquakepredictionisimpossible.ThroughatestcarriedoutinChina,ateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofTexas,AustinhavedevelopedanAIalgorithm(算法)thatcanpredict70%ofearthquakesuptosevendaysinadvance.Theresearchteambelievesthattheirmethodworkedwellbecausetheyusedasimplemachinelearningmethod.Basedontheteam’sunderstandingofearthquakephysics,theAIwasprovidedwithasetofdataonearthquake,andthentaughtitselfbyusingafiveyearearthquakerecorddatabase.Afterthelearningprocess,theAIwasabletopredictearthquakesbylisteningandanalyzingsignsofiningearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(隆隆聲)intheEarth.Thisachievementundoubtedlymarksamilestone(里程碑)inthefieldofAIpoweredearthquakepredictionresearch.“Earthquakesarrivewithoutwarning,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aleadresearcherattheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowwellyouareprepared.Evenwiththe70%accuracy,thisisahugeachievementwhichcouldhelpreduceeconomicandhumanlossesandcontributetoearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Althoughitremainstobeseenwhetherthismethodwillbeaseffectiveinotherareas,theresearchersbelievethatifusedinareaswithmoreearthquaketrackingnetworks,theirAlalgorithmsdeliverevenmoreaccuratepredictions.ThenextstepistotestAIinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandacontinuousrecordinghistoryofover6years,makingitanexcellenttestinggroundforthesepurposes.Inthelongrun,theauthorshopetobinetheAIsystemwithphysicsbasedmodels.Thisbinedstrategycouldbeparticularlyimportantinsituationswheredataispoororlacking.“There’sstillalongwaytogo,butmanyadvanceslikethis,takentogether,arewhatdrivescienceforward,”saidScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.16．HowdoestheAIalgorithmpredictearthquakes?A．Byusingalgorithmstocollectdata.B．Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.C．ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.D．Byunderstandingearthquakephysics.17．WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshow?A．Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquake.B．ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.C．Theimportanceofearthquakepreparation.D．Thelimitationsofcurrentearthquakepredictionmethods.18．Whatdoesthefollowupresearchfocuson?A．biningthesystemwithphysicsbasedmodels.B．ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C．ImprovingearthquaketrackingnetworksinTexas.D．ConductingtestsofAIinTexas.19．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AI:ReducingEarthquakeLossesB．AI:StoppingEarthquakefromHappeningC．AI:RewritingtheEarthquakePreparationRulesD．AI:Predicting70%EarthquakesApossibletreatmentforFlorida’sdisastrousredtides(赤潮)tookanothersteptowardwidespreaduseaftersuccessfultestinginSarasotaBay.Thisstudy,ledbyUCFAssistantProfessorofBiologyKristyLewis,isthefirstsuccessfultestofanyredtidetreatmenttechnologyinopenwaterusinglargewatercontainers(容器).Thesecontainers—aboutsixfeetindiameter—extendfromthewaters’surfacetotheoceanfloor,allowingscientiststotestrealoceanconditionswithinacontrolledsetting.Fourcontainersweretreatedwithaclay(黏土)solution,whiletheotherfourservedasacontrol.TheclayalongwiththeKareniabrevisalgae(海藻),whichisresponsibleforFloridaredtide,isputontheoceanfloor.Lewishasspentthelastthreeyearscarefullytestingtheimpactofintroducingthisclayintotheoceanecosystem.Shenotonlylooksforchangesinthewater’squality,butalsowantstoknowhowtheclayaffectsthehealthofsealife.“Wewanttomakesurethetreatmentisnotworsethanthedisease,”shesays.Atfirst,thetestwassimplytomeasuretheinfluenceoftheclayontheecosystem,butanunexpectedredtideeventcausedLewistomakethetestpractical.Theresultssuggesttheclayperformedasexpected,butthere’sstillaquestionofwhetherthebadeffectsofalgaeremainactiveontheoceanfloor.Watercollectedduringthetestshouldprovideananswer.Nextstepsdependonthetestresults,buttherearealreadyplanstosurveywhathappenedtotheclaycoatedalgaewhenit’susednearseagrassbeds.VisitingSarasota.Florida,inthemiddleofaredtideeventremindedLewisjusthowimportanttheresearchistokeepthestate’scoasthealthy.Lewissaysshe’spreparedtogoanotherthreeyearsifthat’swhatittakestofindanacceptablesolutiontoredtides.20．Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A．Toplantmoreseagrass. B．Tofightagainstredtides.C．Tocollectcleanwater. D．Toproducecontainers.21．WhatmadeLewisredesignthetest?A．Heroriginalworkplan. B．Anunforgettabletour.C．Herteam’ssuggestion. D．Anunexpectedredtide.22．WhatdoesLewishopetodointhenearfuture?A．Workwiththelocals. B．ReportFloridaredtides.C．Furtherherresearch. D．Studyseafoodindustry.23．Inwhichpartofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Nature. B．Business. C．Education. D．Lifestyle.Checkoutourtsunami(海嘯)factsandleansomeinterestinginformationrelatedtothesegreatwallsofwaterthatcancausesomuchdestruction.Findoutwhatcausestsunamisandreadaboutsomenotablerecentexamplesoftsunamisthathaveoccurredaroundtheglobe.Tsunamisarehugewavesofwaterthatareusuallycausedbyearthquakesorvolcaniceruptions.Asatsunamiapproachestheshore,watermaymovebackfromthecoast.Ifitisshallowenough,thewatermaybepulledbackhundredsofmeters.Ifyouareinthearea,observingthisisagoodindicationthatatsunamiisontheway.Regionsintsunamidangerzonesoftenhavewarningsystemsinplacetogivepeopleasmuchtimetoevacuate(撤離)aspossible.Whentsunamishitshallowwater(oftennearthecoast),theyslowdownbutincreaseinheight.AnearthquakeintheIndianOceanoffIndonesiainDecember2004causedatsunamithatkilledover200,000peoplein14countries.InMarch2011,theTohokuearthquakeofftheeasterncoastofJapancausedatsunamithatwasamajorfactorinthedeathofover15,000people.ThetsunamiwavescreatedbytheTohokuearthquakereachedheightsofover40metres(131feet)inmineareas,wipingoutcoastaltownsandcausinganumberofnuclearaccidents.TheJapaneseword“tsunami”literallymeans“harbourwave”.Tsunamisaresometimesreferredtoastidalwavesbutthistermhasfallenoutoffavourbecausetsunamisarenotrelatedtotides.24．Whichofthefollowingshowsatsunamiisingsoon?A．Anearthquaketakesplace.B．Thewatermarchestowardsthecoast.C．Thewaterneartheshoreispulledback.D．Thewaterneartheshoreisveryshallow.25．IntheTohokuearthquake,over15,000peoplediedmainlybecauseof________.A．theearthquakeitselfB．thelackofwarmingsystemsC．thetsunamicausedbytheearthquakeD．thenuclearaccidentscausedbythetsunami26．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Theword“tsunami”isfromBritishEnglish.B．Theterm“tidalwave”isusedmoreoftenthan“tsunami”C．SomenuclearaccidentshappenedafterIndonesiatsunami.D．MorepeoplediedinIndonesiatsunamithaninTohakutsunami.Artificialintelligence(AI)isshowingpromiseinearthquakeprediction,challengingthelongheldbeliefthatitisimpossible.ResearchersattheUniversityofTexas,Austin,havedevelopedanAlalgorithm(算法)thatcorrectlypredicted70%ofearthquakesaweekinadvanceduringatestinChinaandprovidedaccuratestrengthcalculationsforthepredictedearthquakes.TheAIwasprovidedwithasetofstatisticalfeaturesbasedontheteam’sknowledgeofearthquakephysics,andtheninstructedtotrainitselfusingafiveyeardatabaseofearthquakerecordings.Oncetrained,theAIprovideditspredictionbylisteningforsignsofiningearthquakeswithinthebackgroundrumblings(轟隆隆)intheEarth.ThisworkisclearlyamilestoneinresearchforAIdrivenearthquakeprediction.“Youdon’tseeearthquakesing,”explainsAlexandrosSavvaidis,aseniorresearchscientistwholeadstheTexasSeismologicalNetworkProgram(TexNet).“It’samatterofmilliseconds,andtheonlythingyoucancontrolishowpreparedyouare.Evenwiththe70%accuracy(精確度),that’sahugeresultandcouldhelpdecreaseeconomicandhumanlossesandhasthepotentialtoremarkablyimproveearthquakepreparationworldwide.”Whileitisunknownwhetherthesameapproachwillworkatotherlocations,theresearchersareconfidentthattheirAIalgorithmcouldproducemoreaccuratepredictionsifusedinareaswithreliableearthquaketrackingnetworks.ThenextstepistotestartificialintelligenceinTexas,sinceUT’sBureauTexNethas300earthquakestationsandoversixyearsworthofcontinuousrecords,makingitanideallocationforthesepurposes.Finally,theauthorshopetobinethesystemwithphysicsbasedmodels.Thisstrategycouldproveespeciallyimportantwheredataispoororlacking.“Thatmaybealongwaytogo,butmanyadvancessuchasthisone,takentogether,arewhatmovesscienceforward.”concludesScottTinker,thebureau’sdirector.27．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheearthquakepredictingtechnology?A．Reliablebutoutdated. B．Effectivebutcostly.C．Potentialandeconomical. D．Groundbreakingandpromising.28．HowdoestheAIforecastearthquakes?A．Byidentifyingdatafromthesatellites.B．ByanalyzingbackgroundsoundsintheEarth.C．Bymodelingdatabasedonearthquakerecordings.D．BymonitoringchangesintheEarth’smagneticfield.29．WhatdoesAlexandrosSavvaidisintendtoshowinparagraph3?A．Thewaystoreducelossesinearthquakes.B．Theimportanceofpreparingforearthquakes.C．ThesignificanceofdevelopingtheAIprediction.D．ThelimitationofAIalgorithmsinearthquakeprediction.30．Whatdoesthefollowingresearchfocuson?A．Conductingtestsindifferentlocations.B．ApplyingtheAIapproachtootherfields.C．BuildingmoreearthquakestationsinTexas.D．Enlargingthedatabasetotraintheaccuracy.Twoandahalfmonthsbeforethe2024Atlantichurricaneseasonofficiallybegins,andalmostsixmonthsbeforeitentersitspeak(高峰),weathermenarealreadypredicting(預(yù)測(cè))thatitcouldbeparticularlyactive.Officially,hurricaneseasonbeginsfromJune1andrunsthroughNovember.Onereasonisthatseasurfacetemperaturesinthetropical(熱帶的)Atlanticarealreadyatrecordhighs.Meanwhile,anothersignificantpotentialfactorinthisyear’shurricaneseasonistakingshapethousandsofmilesawayinthePacific.Overperiodsrangingfromthreetosevenyears,thewatersofthecentralandeasterntropicalPacificOceanwarmandcoolinturnasaresultofarepeatingclimatepatterncalledtheElNi?oSouthernOscillation(ENSO).ElNi?omakesAtlantichurricaneslesslikelytoformbutLaNi?adoes.Duringthe2023season,ENSOwasinanElNi?operiod.However,bythetimethe2024seasonstarts,itwillhavechangedintoa“neutral(中立)”period,butthatbythepeakmonths,itislikelytohavechangedfullyintoaLaNi?a.“Howquicklythatchangeoccurscanaffecteverythingaswell,”saysDaSilva,aleadhurricaneweatherman.“There’salagtime.So,whileweexpectthechangetooccurinmidsummer,itmaynotbeuntillatesummerorfallwherewereallyseethoseeffectsacrosstheAtlanticbasin.”Asaresult,hesays,thisyear’shurricaneseasoncouldremainparticularlyactivedeepintoNovember.Ofcourse,noreportcanpredictwhenindividualstormswilleorthepathstheywilltake,butDaSilvawarnsthatthosewholiveinareaslikelytosufferhurricanes,especiallyaroundtheCaribbeanandGulfofMexico,shouldprepare.“Ifatropicalstormsystemesintothisarea,itcouldrapidlystrengthen,potentiallyclosetoland,”healsowarns.“Andthat’swhypeopleneedtobecarefulandhavetheirhurricaneplansready.Becauseanysystemwiththesekindsofconditionscanexplodeveryquickly.That’swhatwe’reconcernedabout.”31．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Togiveadvice. B．Toexplaintheseason.C．Tointroducethetopic. D．Toinformaweatherreport.32．Whatisareasonforthisyear’shurricaneseason?A．Thehurricaneseasonhasentereditspeak.B．Arepeatingclimatehaschangedweatherinsummer.C．Theseasurfacetemperaturesarethehighestofalltime.D．ElNi?omakesAtlantichurricanesmorelikelytoform.33．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“alagtime”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Atimedelay. B．Atimeinazone.C．Atimewaste. D．Atimeinadvance.34．WhatdoesDaSilvaagreewithaboutthisyear’shurricaneseason?A．Itcanbeexactlypredictedaheadoftime.B．Peopleneedn’tworryabouthurricaneseason.C．Itmaybeeventuallycontrolledbyweathermen.D．Peoplecan’tbemorecarefulabouthurricaneseason.Scientistsagreethatpredicting(預(yù)測(cè))whenandwhereanearthquakewilloccurandhowbigitwillbeisnotyetpossible.Therefore,muchresearchhasfocusedoningupwithwaystoreducethedamagefromearthquakes,ratherthantryingtopredictwhentheywilloccur.Specifically,findingmoreinformationabouttheplaceunderthesurfacehelpsdevelopersandothersmakesaferchoiceswhenconstructingabuilding.ThisiswhereNavakaneshMBatmanathanisputtinghisefforts.BatmanathanisanearthquakegeologistattheNationalUniversityofMalaysia.HeisactivelyengagedinmappingtheareassurroundingearthquakesinBorneo.Faults(斷層)areplacesintheEarth’scrust(地殼)thatareweaktosuddenmovementbetweenmassesofrock,resultinginoccasionalearthquakes.Batmanathanisworkingtomapthefaults,aswellastheinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)intheareaofthefaults,tohopefullyreducethepotentialdamagethatcanbecausedbyanearthquake.Developersandengineerscanusethisknowledgetoplanwhereitissafesttobuildandwhereearthquakeresistantstructuresareneeded.Batmanathanisusingavarietyoftoolstomapfaults.Workingonthegroundtomaptheareaisjustoneofthemethodsheemploys.Healsousesimagesfromsatellitesandgroundpenetratingradar(GPR).GPRisatechnologythatcreatesanundergroundimagewithoutdigging.Ithasmanyapplications,fromfindingthewaterleveltounderstandsoilandrocktypesforconstructionprojects.Batmanathanandothersareusingthistechnologytomapfaults,andtheareasaroundfaults,togainaclearerpictureofpotentialearthquakedamage.Itmightnoteverbepossibletoknowexactlywhenorwhereanearthquakewillhappen,butBatmanathanhopesthathisworkwillhelpeducatepeopleandbetterpreparethemforearthquakes.35．Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Providingevidence. B．Givingsuggestions.C．Introducingthetopic. D．Drawingaconclusion.36．WhatisBatmanathanactivelyworkingoninBorneo?A．Studyingvolcanoes. B．Recordingrivers.C．Predictingearthquakes. D．Studyingfaults.37．WhatdoweknowaboutGPRfromparagraph3?A．Itcanpredictwhereanearthquakewillhappen.B．Itcanbeappliedinmappingfaults.C．Itcanpredictthetimeofearthquakes.D．Itcantestthequalityofthesoil.38．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．MappingFaultsforSaferConstructionB．ChallengesinPredictingEarthquakesC．TheFutureofEarthquakePredictionD．TechnologyforReducingEarthquakes參考答案：1．B2．A3．D4．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。由于氣候變化，突發(fā)性山洪變得更加嚴(yán)重，文章介紹了應(yīng)對(duì)這種自然災(zāi)害的一些措施。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Areflashfloodsbeingmoreserious?AccordingtotheEnvironmentAgency(EA)around5.2millionpropertiesinEnglandaloneareatriskofflooding.Climatechangeisbringingmoreunpredictableweatherpatterns,wetterweatherandrisingsealevels.Thereforeprotectingyourhomefromfloodinghasneverbeenmoreimportant.(突發(fā)性洪水正在變得越來越嚴(yán)重嗎？根據(jù)環(huán)境署(EA)的數(shù)據(jù)，僅英格蘭就有520萬處房產(chǎn)面臨洪水的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。氣候變化帶來了更多不可預(yù)測(cè)的天氣模式、更潮濕的天氣和海平面上升。因此，保護(hù)你的家園免受洪水的侵襲從未像現(xiàn)在這樣重要)”可知，作者先提出問題，然后說明洪水的確變得更加嚴(yán)重，再引出保護(hù)自己免受洪水侵襲的話題。由此可知，作者提出問題的目的在于引出話題。故選B項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Butbeparticularlycarefulwhentravellingbycar.Don’tdrivethroughfloodedstreets—it’sdifficulttojudgethewaterdepth,androadwayshiddenbelowthewatercancollapse.(但開車旅行時(shí)要特別小心。不要在被水淹沒的街道上開車——很難判斷水深，而且隱藏在水下的道路可能會(huì)坍塌)”可知，司機(jī)們被特別建議在出行時(shí)避開被水淹沒的街道。故選A項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“InMarchofthisyear,theMetOfficepredictedthatextremerainfalleventscouldbefourtimesasfrequentby2080paredtothe1980s.(今年3月，英國(guó)氣象局預(yù)測(cè)，到2080年，極端降雨事件的頻率可能是20世紀(jì)80年代的四倍)”可知，作