新教材英語專題08 數(shù)詞（一）

小升初語法第8講：數(shù)詞（一）數(shù)詞是表示數(shù)目多少或順序多少的詞，分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞是基數(shù)詞，如one,two,three等；表示順序的數(shù)詞是序數(shù)詞，如first,second等。【知識點1】基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞表示數(shù)量的多少oneapple一個蘋果tenrabbits十只兔子基數(shù)詞寫法和讀法1～12是獨立的數(shù)詞，需逐個記憶123456789101112onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelve13～19在3～9詞尾加后綴-teen,其中13,15,18變化不規(guī)則13141516171819thirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen20～90的整十位數(shù)在詞尾加后綴-ty2030405060708090twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety21～99由十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)合起來構(gòu)成的兩位數(shù)詞,需在中間加連字符"-"，如：21twenty-one;32thirty-two;95ninety-five;

(5)三位以上的數(shù)詞,在十位數(shù)與百位數(shù)之間加and;若有個位數(shù),且十位數(shù)為零,則在個位數(shù)與百位數(shù)之間加and，如：230(twohundredandthirty);108(onehundredandeight);(6)另外，表示“萬”的詞英語中沒有，如1萬可用10千來表示：tenthousand;30萬可用threehundredthousand來表示。1001,0001,000,0001,000,000,000a/onehundreda/onethousanda/onemilliona/onebillion注意：?百、千等基數(shù)詞在表示準(zhǔn)確數(shù)目時不可用復(fù)數(shù)，如：onehundredtwohundredninehundredonethousandtenthousand1002009001,00010,000?100以上的表達一定不能漏了and120onehundredandtwenty205twohundredandfive394threehundredandninety-four?1000以上的規(guī)則為：1,200onethousandandtwohundred1,294onethousandtwohundredandninety-four1,002onethousandandtwo?英語里也沒有“億”的說法，因此就用onehundredmillion表示一億?如果在hundred,thousand后面加了“s”，則表示約數(shù)。一般與“of”連用。Thousandsofstudentsareintheplayground.成千上萬名學(xué)生在操場上。【知識點2】序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞表示排列的順序，簡單說就是第一、第二、第三。它的縮寫形式為數(shù)詞加序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母，如：first--1st;second--2nd;third--3rd;thirty-first--31st?；鶖?shù)詞變序數(shù)詞的規(guī)則第1至第19一般是在基數(shù)詞后加th，如：six--sixth;但變化特殊的有：onetwothreeeightfiveninetwelvefirstsecondthirdeighthfifthninthtwelfth逢十的twenty,thirty...ninety,分別改為iethtwenty--twentieth;ninety--ninetieth表示第幾十幾或第幾百幾十幾，只需將個位數(shù)改為序數(shù)詞數(shù)字基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞56fifty-sixfifty-sixth631sixhundredandthirty-onesixhundredandthirty-first序數(shù)詞與冠詞序數(shù)詞前一般要加定冠詞theIt’sthethirdtimeI’vebeenhere.這是我第三次來這里。MybirthdayisonthethirdofMay.我的生日在5月3日。表示在原有的基礎(chǔ)上增加，即“又一，再一”時，用不定冠詞ShallIaskherasecondtime?我還要問她一次嗎？下列4種情況不用冠詞①序數(shù)詞前已有物主代詞或名詞所有格時，不能再用冠詞ThisisTom’ssecondvisittoChina.這是湯姆第二次訪問中國。②表示比賽或考試的名次時，通常省略定冠詞Hewas(the)secondintheEnglishexam.在這次英語老師中他得了第二名。③序數(shù)詞被用作副詞時不用冠詞Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.我得先把作業(yè)完成好。④在某些習(xí)語中不用冠詞atfirst起初firstofall首先atfirstsight乍一看?其實基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣，如：基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣：一、二、三，單獨記；八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，整十基數(shù)變序數(shù)，先把ty變成tie；要是遇到兩位數(shù)，十位基數(shù)個位序，th最后加上去。解析說明：one，two，three序數(shù)詞分別是first，second，third，需單獨記憶。?從第四開始，基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞都要加th。?eight變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞的時候少個t不加只加h；nine變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞要去掉e再加th。?ve結(jié)尾的單詞five和twelve變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時要把ve改為f，再加th。?y結(jié)尾的單詞即整十?dāng)?shù)的單詞要把y變?yōu)閕e，再加th。?如果把幾十幾的數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞，只把個位上的數(shù)變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞就可以。?有些數(shù)字在變化時易混淆，一定要牢記這些特別容易混淆的詞four4fourteen14forty40fourth第四nine9nineteen19ninety90ninth第九【真題解析】1.()Thedeskisabout________.A.1.2meterlong

B.1.2meterslong

C.1.2longmeter解析：句意為：這個桌子大概1.2米長。英語表達長度的方法是“基數(shù)詞＋單位詞＋形容詞”。由1.2可知meter用meters，故選B。【答案】

B2.()

Thereare________floorsinthisbuilding.A.twenty

B.twentieth

C.thetwentieth

D.twelfth解析：句意為：這座建筑物有二十層。該句表達的是樓層的數(shù)量，故用基數(shù)詞，選項B，C，D是序數(shù)詞。【答案】

A3.()Now，class!PleaseturntoPage________andlookatthepictures.A.fifth

B.thefifth

C.thefive

D.five解析：句意為：同學(xué)們，現(xiàn)在請翻到第五頁看圖片。英語中“第幾頁”要用“Page＋基數(shù)詞”這樣的固定結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，故只有選項D符合?！敬鸢浮?/p>

D二、序數(shù)詞1.用所給單詞的正確形式填空。Myfather'sbirthdayisonthe________(three)ofSeptember.解析：句意為：我爸爸的生日在九月三號。表達“幾月幾號”常用“the＋序數(shù)詞＋of＋月份”。故用three的序數(shù)詞third?！敬鸢浮?/p>

third2.()

Ithink________lessonisthemostdifficultinthisbook.A.first

B.one

C.thefirst

D.theone解析：句意為：我認(rèn)為第一課是這本書中最難的。由句意可知用序數(shù)詞，故排除選項B，D。序數(shù)詞常與冠詞the連用。故選C?！敬鸢浮?/p>

C【考題精練】一、寫出下列基數(shù)詞所對應(yīng)的序數(shù)詞。twoninetwelveeightthirteentwenty51118213359寫出下列序數(shù)詞所對應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞。firstthirdfifteenththirtiethforty-secondninety-ninth用括號內(nèi)所給數(shù)詞的正確形式填空.

1.WeareinClass________（3）.

2.Wehave________（12）monthsoftheyear.Decemberisthe_____________（12）one.

3.Thisismy________（1）bag.

4.MybirthdayisDec.________（21）.

5.Ihave________（3）books.Ilikemy________（3）book.單項選擇。()1.Marchismonthoftheyear.A:athreeB:thethirdC:athird()2.Theclassbeginsat(8:05).A:fivetoeightB:eightfiveC:fiveeight()3.Eightpluseightis.A:sixteenB:sixty-fourC:one()4.Heisanboy.A:eightyearsB:eight-year-oldC:eight-years-old()5.Thewallis.A:fourmeterslongB:fourmeterlongC:four-meterlong()6.Helivesin.A:310roomB:room310C:Room310()7.Thisismytimetoplaythepiano.A:atsecondB:twoC:second()8.TheDayoftheweekisSunday.A:firstB:oneC:oneth()9.Therearedaysinayear.A:threehundredssixty-fiveB:threehundredandsixty-fiveC:threehundredandsixtyfive()10.Jackisin.A:ThreeClass,OneGradeB:ClassThree,GradeOneC:GradeOne,ClassThree()11.Pleaseturnto.A:PageTwoB:Pagesecond()12.Therearemonthsinayear.Decemberisthemonthoftheyear..A:twelve，twelveB:twelve，twelfthC:twelfth，twelve()13.Snowwasborn.A:onMarch16th1998B:onMarch1998,16thC:on1998,March16th()14.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A:FridayB:cloudyC:June4th()15.Thereareminutesinanhour.A:sixtyB:sixtiethC:sixteenD:six()16.“Howmanyteachersarethereinyouruniversity?”“.”A:Twohundredsandforty-threeB:Twohundredandforty-thirdC:Twohundredsandforty-thirdD:Twohundredandforty-three()17.ThereareEnglishbooksforusstudentsintheschoollibrary.A:fourhundredsandfiveB:fourhundredsfiveC:fourhundredandfiveD:fourhundredfive()18.“456”mustbereadandwritteninEnglishas.A:four,fiveandsixB:fourhundredandfiftysixC:threehundredsandfifty-sixD:fourhundredandfifty-six()19.May23reads.A:Maythetwenty-thirdB:thetwenty-thirdMayC:Maythetwenty-threeD:thetwenty-threeofMay()20.Bytheendof1993,thepeasantshadplantedtreesintheirvillage.A:twohundredsofB:hundredofC:twohundredsD:hundredsof()21isTeachers’DayinChina.A:TenthSeptemberB:SeptemberthetenthC:TheofSeptemberD:TheSeptembertenth()22.Iamin.A:Grade1Class3B:Class3,