專題05 動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)（現(xiàn)在時）（講案） 原卷版

PAGE1高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單專題05動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)（講案）原卷版（快問快答+考點細(xì)目+精講精練+真題分類+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填）目錄一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法快問快答P1二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)五年真題細(xì)目P2三、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)知識清單P2考點清單一、一般現(xiàn)在時六種典型用法P3考點清單二、現(xiàn)在進行時四種典型用法P4考點清單三、現(xiàn)在完成時四種典型用法P4考點清單四、現(xiàn)在完成進行時典型用法P5考點清單五、現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法比較P6四、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)分類通關(guān)P6分類通關(guān)（一）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)五年高考真題通關(guān)P6分類通關(guān)（二）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)單句改錯P7分類通關(guān)（三）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格P7分類通關(guān)（四）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格P8分類通關(guān)（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P9130名中外大學(xué)生游江蘇感知科技改變生活P9一、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法快問快答Q1：判斷動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)有哪些小竅門？A1：最可靠的做法是掌握每種時態(tài)的使用場合和標(biāo)志性詞匯、短語，做到有的放矢。Q2：如何確定動詞的語態(tài)？A2：一方面，需要注意根據(jù)語境確定是否應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，另一方面需要抓住關(guān)鍵性標(biāo)志，如介詞by引起動作的發(fā)出者。Q3：如何確定各種從句的時態(tài)？A3：如果是狀語從句，需要考慮“主將從現(xiàn)”；如果是賓語從句要考慮主從句時態(tài)照應(yīng)；有時像suggest,recommend從句還應(yīng)考慮虛擬語氣用法。Q4：應(yīng)用文寫作遇到動詞時態(tài)怎么把握？A4：書信類應(yīng)用文要結(jié)合其內(nèi)容來確定具體時態(tài)乃至語態(tài)。如邀請信和通知要使用一般將來時；感謝信和道歉信要使用一般過去時；人物介紹和地點介紹要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。Q5：如何才能學(xué)好動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)？A5：一是努力掌握基本知識框架，二是加強訓(xùn)練和背誦，積少成多，學(xué)以致用。二、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)五年真題細(xì)目表卷別現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時（含被動）2024新高考I卷walks2023新高考II卷wished2023全國甲卷become改為becomesmake→made(can)beemployed2023全國乙卷wasamazed2023全國北京卷hasestablishedhadarrivedwouldthrow2022新高考I卷isdesignedwere2022新高考II卷werefixing;threw2022全國甲卷haswalkedwas-were;become-became2022全國乙卷lives-live;去掉have后的beenaddressed2022北京卷has;hasincreased2021新高考I卷was2021全國甲卷are改為iswasbuilt;hired2021全國乙卷刪去are2021北京卷connects2020全國I卷means;isconstructedtouched2020全國II卷carriesstart改為started2020全國III卷had改成havepointed(would)bechosen2020新高考卷arecalled;isformed2019全國I卷hasreported；are2019全國II卷havemadedeclared2019全國III卷required改為requiresrecommended；wereinvited2019北京卷voiced三、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)知識清單考點清單一、一般現(xiàn)在時六種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。usually,everyday,always…Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00ameveryday.我每天早上7點離開家去上學(xué)。2.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。3.在時間、條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時，即“主將從現(xiàn)”。when,once,unless,assoonas,themoment…Whenthespringcomes,theflowerswillbloom.當(dāng)春天來臨時，花兒會綻放。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.如果明天下雨，我們就會待在家里。4.表示飛機、火車、輪船（“飛火輪”）時刻表且有明確時間狀語。plane,train,shipThenextplanearrivesat3:15thisafternoon.下一班飛機今天下午3:15到達。5.以here/there開頭引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示正在發(fā)生的動作/狀態(tài)。here/thereHerecomesthebus.公交車來了。Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。6.用于文章標(biāo)題、圖片說明、電影說明、戲劇內(nèi)容及場景解說等。film,book,Thefilmexploresthedailylivesofordinarypeopleinasmalltown.這部電影探索了小鎮(zhèn)上普通人的日常生活。【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Thesun__________(rise)intheeastand__________(set)inthewest.2.Peerpressurecanhappenwhenwe____________(influence)todosomething.3.Ifit__________(rain)tomorrow,wewillnotgoouting.4.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026__________(take)offat18:20.5.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_________(take)off.6.IwonderwhenMrBrown_________(arrive).Whenhe__________(arrive),I’lltellhimthenewsatonce.7.Thepicture___________(show)ushowtheydonatedmoneytothechildreninpoorareaslastyear.8.(2017天津卷)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.9.(2018全國I)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.10.(2019全國I)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.考點清單二、現(xiàn)在進行時四種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示此時此刻正在進行的動作。now,currently,Look,Listen,atthemomentHismomiscookingnow.他的的媽媽正在煮飯。Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.聽！她正在唱一首英文歌。2.表示現(xiàn)階段但并非眼下正在進行著的動作，這種動作常與表示一段的時間狀語連用。thesedays,thisweekTheyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.這些天他們在山上種樹。3.leave,take,run等瞬間動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時可表示將來發(fā)生的動作。go,come,leave,take,runJaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewdays.幾天后簡和貝蒂要去度假。4.always,forever,continually,constantly等頻度副詞與現(xiàn)在進行時連用表示贊揚、抱怨、不滿等感情色彩。always,forever,continually,constantlyHeisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.（表責(zé)怪）他總是把自己的東西到處亂放。Theyareforeverquarrelingaboutsomething.(不滿)他們總是為某事爭吵不休?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Bequiet!Thebaby________________(sleep).2.Look!Theman________________(question)bythepolice.3.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport_________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.4.Idon'treallyworkhere;I___________(help)outuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.5.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____________(rebuild).6.(2018天津)Mywashingmachine___________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.7.Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea_________(run)out.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’sleft.8.Becausetheshop__________(close)down,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.9.Shealways________(get)upatsixinthemorning.10.He______________(alwayslearn)thingsfromhisclassmates.Nowonderthathecomesfirstinthemid-termexamination.考點清單三、現(xiàn)在完成時四種典型用法典型場合示例表示從過去某時開始的動作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)下去，概括為：發(fā)生在過去，影響在現(xiàn)在。Haveyouevertalkedtohimaboutit?你跟他談過這事嗎？Ithasn'trainedthesedays.這些天沒下過雨。Hetoldmehisname,butI'veforgottenit.她告訴過我他的名字，但是我已經(jīng)忘了。副詞標(biāo)志：already,ever,never,recently,lately,yet。I'vewrittentheemail,butIhaven'tsentityet.我已經(jīng)寫好了email，但是我還沒有寄出。短語標(biāo)志：sofar=uptonow=todate到現(xiàn)在為止,everysince自從……一來,fordays數(shù)天,in/overthepasttwoyears在過去兩年Sofartherehasbeennobadnews.到現(xiàn)在為止還沒有什么壞消息。We’veplantedthousandsoftreesinthepastfewyears.過去幾年我們種了成千上萬棵樹。It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…從句中It'sthefirsttimeshehasdrivenacar.這是她第一次開車。That’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.這是我看過的最有意思的書。It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名詞+定語從句中，從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時That’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.這是我看過的最有意思的書?！炯磿r訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Sofarmorethanonefriend____________(invite)tomybirthdaypartytobeheldtomorrow.2.(2014全國)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody____________(see)themsince.3.(2018北京)China’shigh-speedrailways___________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.4.(2019江蘇)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.5.(2019全國II)Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___________(make)overtheyears.6.(2018全國II)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry________(grow)morecornthanrice.7.Thisisthefirsttimethathe__________(compete)againstatennischampion.8.Itwasthesecondtimehe____________(make)thesamemistake.9.ZhongNanshanisthemostdistinguisheddoctorinChinathat___________(recognize)internationally.10.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI___________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.考點清單四、現(xiàn)在完成進行時典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一個近期內(nèi)時斷時續(xù)、重復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。for，sinceI'vebeenshoppingalldayandIhaven'tapennyleft.我一整天都在購物，都身無分文了。I'vebeenwaitingforanhourandhestillhasn'tturnedup.我已經(jīng)等了一個小時了，可他還沒來。【即時訓(xùn)練一】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Herphone____________(ring)fortenminutes.Whydoesn'tsheanswerit?2.I____________(look)formydogfordaysandstillhaven'tfoundhim.3.(2015陜西)Mary____________(work)reallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.4.(2016北京)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We__________(wait)hereformorethantwohours.考點清單五、現(xiàn)在完成進行時和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法比較區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成時示例一表示動作的重復(fù)一般不表示重復(fù)性Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他見面嗎？Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見到過他嗎？二含有感情色彩一般是平鋪直敘Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你兩個小時。（表示不滿）Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你兩個小時。（說明事實）三強調(diào)事情的過程強調(diào)事情結(jié)果Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?誰一直在吃這些桔子呀？（還剩余一些）Whohaseatentheoranges?誰把桔子吃光了？（強調(diào)吃得一個不剩）【即時訓(xùn)練二】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2016江蘇)Dashan,who_________(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.2.IthinkAna________(finish)herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.3.(2020天津)—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI__________(practice)alotthesedays.4.Sofarthelocalgovernment________(adopt)newpolicieswhichaimtoreduceairpollutionandthey’veprovedeffective.5.Inthepastdecades,moderntechnologies__________(apply)toagriculturewidelyinChina.6.Excuseme,Marcia,areporterfromVanityFair__________(phone)allday.Couldyouspeaktohernow?四、動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)分類通關(guān)分類通關(guān)（一）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時)五年高考真題通關(guān)【即時訓(xùn)練】在空白處填括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2024新高考I卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.2.(2024浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).3.(2022全國甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao___________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighest(high)mountain.4.(2022新高考I卷)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity...5.(2022浙江1月卷)ButCobbandothers____________(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchangingtheirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.6.(2022浙江1月卷)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists____________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.7.(2021北京卷)Asit____________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.8.(2021北京卷)There____________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.9.(2021天津卷)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.10.(2020天津卷)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.分類通關(guān)（二）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)單句改錯【即時訓(xùn)練】下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。1.Hisfirstnovelreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.2.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasreachedsofarbythetwosides.3.Unlessextramoneyfound,thetheatrewillclose.4.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.5.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavespentinsearchingforacureforthisterriblediseasesofar.6.IreadhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.7.Iwonderifitwillsnowtomorrow.Ifitsnowtomorrow,Iwillgoskiing.8.Asweallknow,theOlympicGamesheldeveryfouryears.9.Youarealwayssurfthenet!Whynotfinishyourhomeworkfirst?10.ThisisthefirsttimeIvisitedyourhometown,soIknowlittleaboutit.分類通關(guān)（三）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格書面表達句式升級：請運用準(zhǔn)確動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)（現(xiàn)在時）翻譯下列各句。1.(2024新高考I卷)我寫信是想和大家分享上周五我在公園上的一節(jié)藝術(shù)課。_______________________________________________________________________________2.(2024全國甲卷)中國的交通經(jīng)歷了顯著的變革，讓中國人民有了不同的出行方式。_______________________________________________________________________________3.(2024全國甲卷)簡而言之，中國的交通系統(tǒng)正在擁抱創(chuàng)新和生態(tài)友好。_______________________________________________________________________________4.(2023全國甲卷)目前很多魯迅的作品還包含在語文課本中，激勵我們學(xué)生努力追求一個更美好的未來。_______________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全國甲卷)說到海洋，其污染正變得越來越嚴(yán)重。_______________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全國甲卷)不幸的是，隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，近些年見證海洋正在被污染。_______________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I卷)這是我第一次邀請你參加我們的節(jié)目TalkandTalk。_______________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)如果你本周日有空的話，我和節(jié)目全體人員等你到來。_______________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全國乙卷)目前，在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)廣為認(rèn)可，在青少年間各位傳播，因為其快捷、高效、低廉。_______________________________________________________________________________10.(2021新高考I卷)作為Youth的粉絲，我建議刊登外國青少年生活的文章會更好。_______________________________________________________________________________分類通關(guān)（四）動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.(2024新高考I卷)這張照片至今仍放在我的桌子上，提醒我要相信他人，并給予善意。________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023新高考I卷)“我就知道你會贏！我為你感到驕傲。你成功了！”我的老師興奮地說。________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023新高考I卷)他緊緊地握著我的手說：“祝賀你！你是個好作家，繼續(xù)寫吧?！盻_______________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023新高考I卷)“你做得很好！你得了第一名！”我當(dāng)場僵住了，感覺不可思議，喜出望外。________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023新高考I卷)我的成功歸功于我的社會老師，他是我寫作道路上的指路明燈。________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022新高考I卷)在權(quán)衡了我的話之后，大衛(wèi)用低沉但堅定的聲音說：“我想跑！”________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I卷)“加油！我們?yōu)槟愀械津湴?！”他的同學(xué)們熱情地喊道。________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)我拍了拍他的肩膀，小聲說：“大衛(wèi)，如果你想試試，就去拿吧！我一直在你身邊！”________________________________________________________________________________________9.從父親的話中，我意識到家庭是世界上最重要的。________________________________________________________________________________________10.從那時起，我父親的話時不時在我耳邊響起，指引著我生活的方向。________________________________________________________________________________________分類通關(guān)（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）Sowingseedsofunderstanding130名中外大學(xué)生游江蘇感知科技改變生活China