專題05 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)（現(xiàn)在時(shí)）（講案） 原卷版

PAGE1高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單專題05動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))（講案）原卷版（快問(wèn)快答+考點(diǎn)細(xì)目+精講精練+真題分類+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語(yǔ)填）目錄一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法快問(wèn)快答P1二、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))五年真題細(xì)目P2三、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))知識(shí)清單P2考點(diǎn)清單一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)六種典型用法P3考點(diǎn)清單二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)四種典型用法P4考點(diǎn)清單三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)四種典型用法P4考點(diǎn)清單四、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)典型用法P5考點(diǎn)清單五、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法比較P6四、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))分類通關(guān)P6分類通關(guān)（一）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))五年高考真題通關(guān)P6分類通關(guān)（二）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)單句改錯(cuò)P7分類通關(guān)（三）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格P7分類通關(guān)（四）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格P8分類通關(guān)（五）語(yǔ)法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P9130名中外大學(xué)生游江蘇感知科技改變生活P9一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法快問(wèn)快答Q1：判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)有哪些小竅門？A1：最可靠的做法是掌握每種時(shí)態(tài)的使用場(chǎng)合和標(biāo)志性詞匯、短語(yǔ)，做到有的放矢。Q2：如何確定動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)？A2：一方面，需要注意根據(jù)語(yǔ)境確定是否應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，另一方面需要抓住關(guān)鍵性標(biāo)志，如介詞by引起動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。Q3：如何確定各種從句的時(shí)態(tài)？A3：如果是狀語(yǔ)從句，需要考慮“主將從現(xiàn)”；如果是賓語(yǔ)從句要考慮主從句時(shí)態(tài)照應(yīng)；有時(shí)像suggest,recommend從句還應(yīng)考慮虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法。Q4：應(yīng)用文寫作遇到動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)怎么把握？A4：書信類應(yīng)用文要結(jié)合其內(nèi)容來(lái)確定具體時(shí)態(tài)乃至語(yǔ)態(tài)。如邀請(qǐng)信和通知要使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)；感謝信和道歉信要使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；人物介紹和地點(diǎn)介紹要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Q5：如何才能學(xué)好動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)？A5：一是努力掌握基本知識(shí)框架，二是加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練和背誦，積少成多，學(xué)以致用。二、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)五年真題細(xì)目表卷別現(xiàn)在時(shí)過(guò)去時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)（含被動(dòng)）2024新高考I卷walks2023新高考II卷wished2023全國(guó)甲卷become改為becomesmake→made(can)beemployed2023全國(guó)乙卷wasamazed2023全國(guó)北京卷hasestablishedhadarrivedwouldthrow2022新高考I卷isdesignedwere2022新高考II卷werefixing;threw2022全國(guó)甲卷haswalkedwas-were;become-became2022全國(guó)乙卷lives-live;去掉have后的beenaddressed2022北京卷has;hasincreased2021新高考I卷was2021全國(guó)甲卷are改為iswasbuilt;hired2021全國(guó)乙卷刪去are2021北京卷connects2020全國(guó)I卷means;isconstructedtouched2020全國(guó)II卷carriesstart改為started2020全國(guó)III卷had改成havepointed(would)bechosen2020新高考卷arecalled;isformed2019全國(guó)I卷hasreported；are2019全國(guó)II卷havemadedeclared2019全國(guó)III卷required改為requiresrecommended；wereinvited2019北京卷voiced三、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))知識(shí)清單考點(diǎn)清單一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)六種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。usually,everyday,always…Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00ameveryday.我每天早上7點(diǎn)離開(kāi)家去上學(xué)。2.表示客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.老師告訴我們地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。3.在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)，即“主將從現(xiàn)”。when,once,unless,assoonas,themoment…Whenthespringcomes,theflowerswillbloom.當(dāng)春天來(lái)臨時(shí)，花兒會(huì)綻放。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillstayathome.如果明天下雨，我們就會(huì)待在家里。4.表示飛機(jī)、火車、輪船（“飛火輪”）時(shí)刻表且有明確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。plane,train,shipThenextplanearrivesat3:15thisafternoon.下一班飛機(jī)今天下午3:15到達(dá)。5.以here/there開(kāi)頭引導(dǎo)的倒裝句，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)。here/thereHerecomesthebus.公交車來(lái)了。Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。6.用于文章標(biāo)題、圖片說(shuō)明、電影說(shuō)明、戲劇內(nèi)容及場(chǎng)景解說(shuō)等。film,book,Thefilmexploresthedailylivesofordinarypeopleinasmalltown.這部電影探索了小鎮(zhèn)上普通人的日常生活?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Thesun__________(rise)intheeastand__________(set)inthewest.2.Peerpressurecanhappenwhenwe____________(influence)todosomething.3.Ifit__________(rain)tomorrow,wewillnotgoouting.4.Lookatthetimetable.Hurryup!Flight4026__________(take)offat18:20.5.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleasefastenyourseatbelts.Theplane_________(take)off.6.IwonderwhenMrBrown_________(arrive).Whenhe__________(arrive),I’lltellhimthenewsatonce.7.Thepicture___________(show)ushowtheydonatedmoneytothechildreninpoorareaslastyear.8.(2017天津卷)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.9.(2018全國(guó)I)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit________(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.10.(2019全國(guó)I)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.考點(diǎn)清單二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)四種典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例1.表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。now,currently,Look,Listen,atthemomentHismomiscookingnow.他的的媽媽正在煮飯。Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.聽(tīng)！她正在唱一首英文歌。2.表示現(xiàn)階段但并非眼下正在進(jìn)行著的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作常與表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。thesedays,thisweekTheyareplantingtreesonthehillthesedays.這些天他們?cè)谏缴戏N樹(shù)。3.leave,take,run等瞬間動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。go,come,leave,take,runJaneandBettyaregoingonholidayinafewdays.幾天后簡(jiǎn)和貝蒂要去度假。4.always,forever,continually,constantly等頻度副詞與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用表示贊揚(yáng)、抱怨、不滿等感情色彩。always,forever,continually,constantlyHeisconstantlyleavinghisthingsabout.（表責(zé)怪）他總是把自己的東西到處亂放。Theyareforeverquarrelingaboutsomething.(不滿)他們總是為某事?tīng)?zhēng)吵不休?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Bequiet!Thebaby________________(sleep).2.Look!Theman________________(question)bythepolice.3.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport_________________(broadcast)andIwanttolisten.4.Idon'treallyworkhere;I___________(help)outuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.5.Theyarelivingwiththeirparentsforthemomentbecausetheirownhouse____________(rebuild).6.(2018天津)Mywashingmachine___________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.7.Foodsuppliesintheflood-strickenarea_________(run)out.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’sleft.8.Becausetheshop__________(close)down,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.9.Shealways________(get)upatsixinthemorning.10.He______________(alwayslearn)thingsfromhisclassmates.Nowonderthathecomesfirstinthemid-termexamination.考點(diǎn)清單三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)四種典型用法典型場(chǎng)合示例表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能繼續(xù)下去，概括為：發(fā)生在過(guò)去，影響在現(xiàn)在。Haveyouevertalkedtohimaboutit?你跟他談過(guò)這事嗎？Ithasn'trainedthesedays.這些天沒(méi)下過(guò)雨。Hetoldmehisname,butI'veforgottenit.她告訴過(guò)我他的名字，但是我已經(jīng)忘了。副詞標(biāo)志：already,ever,never,recently,lately,yet。I'vewrittentheemail,butIhaven'tsentityet.我已經(jīng)寫好了email，但是我還沒(méi)有寄出。短語(yǔ)標(biāo)志：sofar=uptonow=todate到現(xiàn)在為止,everysince自從……一來(lái),fordays數(shù)天,in/overthepasttwoyears在過(guò)去兩年Sofartherehasbeennobadnews.到現(xiàn)在為止還沒(méi)有什么壞消息。We’veplantedthousandsoftreesinthepastfewyears.過(guò)去幾年我們種了成千上萬(wàn)棵樹(shù)。It/Thisisthefirst/second/third…time+that…從句中It'sthefirsttimeshehasdrivenacar.這是她第一次開(kāi)車。That’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.這是我看過(guò)的最有意思的書。It/Thisisthebest/worst…+名詞+定語(yǔ)從句中，從句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)That’sthemostinterestingbookI’veeverread.這是我看過(guò)的最有意思的書?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Sofarmorethanonefriend____________(invite)tomybirthdaypartytobeheldtomorrow.2.(2014全國(guó))Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody____________(see)themsince.3.(2018北京)China’shigh-speedrailways___________(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.4.(2019江蘇)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers___________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.5.(2019全國(guó)II)Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI___________(make)overtheyears.6.(2018全國(guó)II)DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry________(grow)morecornthanrice.7.Thisisthefirsttimethathe__________(compete)againstatennischampion.8.Itwasthesecondtimehe____________(make)thesamemistake.9.ZhongNanshanisthemostdistinguisheddoctorinChinathat___________(recognize)internationally.10.ItisthemostinstructivelecturethatI___________(attend)sinceIcametothisschool.考點(diǎn)清單四、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)典型用法用法標(biāo)志示例現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)近期內(nèi)時(shí)斷時(shí)續(xù)、重復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和for，since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。for，sinceI'vebeenshoppingalldayandIhaven'tapennyleft.我一整天都在購(gòu)物，都身無(wú)分文了。I'vebeenwaitingforanhourandhestillhasn'tturnedup.我已經(jīng)等了一個(gè)小時(shí)了，可他還沒(méi)來(lái)。【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練一】在空白處填括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.Herphone____________(ring)fortenminutes.Whydoesn'tsheanswerit?2.I____________(look)formydogfordaysandstillhaven'tfoundhim.3.(2015陜西)Mary____________(work)reallyhardonhisbookandthinkshe’llhavefinisheditbyFriday.4.(2016北京)—Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?—ThenewStarWars.We__________(wait)hereformorethantwohours.考點(diǎn)清單五、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法比較區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)示例一表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)一般不表示重復(fù)性Haveyoubeenmeetinghimrecently?你最近常和他見(jiàn)面嗎？Haveyoumethimrecently?你最近見(jiàn)到過(guò)他嗎？二含有感情色彩一般是平鋪直敘Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.我一直等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（表示不滿）Ihavewaitedforyoufortwohours.我等了你兩個(gè)小時(shí)。（說(shuō)明事實(shí)）三強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的過(guò)程強(qiáng)調(diào)事情結(jié)果Whohasbeeneatingtheoranges?誰(shuí)一直在吃這些桔子呀？（還剩余一些）Whohaseatentheoranges?誰(shuí)把桔子吃光了？（強(qiáng)調(diào)吃得一個(gè)不剩）【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練二】在空白處填括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2016江蘇)Dashan,who_________(learn)crosstalk,theChinesecomedictradition,fordecades,wantstomixitupwiththeWesternstand-uptradition.2.IthinkAna________(finish)herpackingsinceshestartedgettingthingsreadyearlythismorning.3.(2020天津)—Youareagreatswimmer.—Thanks.It’sbecauseI__________(practice)alotthesedays.4.Sofarthelocalgovernment________(adopt)newpolicieswhichaimtoreduceairpollutionandthey’veprovedeffective.5.Inthepastdecades,moderntechnologies__________(apply)toagriculturewidelyinChina.6.Excuseme,Marcia,areporterfromVanityFair__________(phone)allday.Couldyouspeaktohernow?四、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))分類通關(guān)分類通關(guān)（一）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法(現(xiàn)在時(shí))五年高考真題通關(guān)【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】在空白處填括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2024新高考I卷)Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhouse_________(walk)visitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainforthefirsttime.2.(2024浙江1月卷)Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarkets(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).3.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)Inthelastfiveyears,Cao___________(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa’shighest(high)mountain.4.(2022新高考I卷)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP___________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity...5.(2022浙江1月卷)ButCobbandothers____________(be)nowquestioningthatideapushingconferencestoprovidemorechancestoparticipateremotely,andchangingtheirpersonalbehaviortodotheirpartindealingwiththeclimatechangecrisis.6.(2022浙江1月卷)OnawebsitecalledNoFlyClimateSci,forexample,roughly200academics-manyofthemclimatescientists____________(promise)toflyaslittleaspossiblesincetheeffortstartedtwoyearsago.7.(2021北京卷)Asit____________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.8.(2021北京卷)There____________(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.9.(2021天津卷)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.10.(2020天津卷)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.分類通關(guān)（二）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)單句改錯(cuò)【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并糾正。1.Hisfirstnovelreceivedgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.2.Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreementhasreachedsofarbythetwosides.3.Unlessextramoneyfound,thetheatrewillclose.4.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.5.Largequantitiesofmoneyhavespentinsearchingforacureforthisterriblediseasesofar.6.IreadhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.7.Iwonderifitwillsnowtomorrow.Ifitsnowtomorrow,Iwillgoskiing.8.Asweallknow,theOlympicGamesheldeveryfouryears.9.Youarealwayssurfthenet!Whynotfinishyourhomeworkfirst?10.ThisisthefirsttimeIvisitedyourhometown,soIknowlittleaboutit.分類通關(guān)（三）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格書面表達(dá)句式升級(jí)：請(qǐng)運(yùn)用準(zhǔn)確動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)（現(xiàn)在時(shí)）翻譯下列各句。1.(2024新高考I卷)我寫信是想和大家分享上周五我在公園上的一節(jié)藝術(shù)課。_______________________________________________________________________________2.(2024全國(guó)甲卷)中國(guó)的交通經(jīng)歷了顯著的變革，讓中國(guó)人民有了不同的出行方式。_______________________________________________________________________________3.(2024全國(guó)甲卷)簡(jiǎn)而言之，中國(guó)的交通系統(tǒng)正在擁抱創(chuàng)新和生態(tài)友好。_______________________________________________________________________________4.(2023全國(guó)甲卷)目前很多魯迅的作品還包含在語(yǔ)文課本中，激勵(lì)我們學(xué)生努力追求一個(gè)更美好的未來(lái)。_______________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)說(shuō)到海洋，其污染正變得越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。_______________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)不幸的是，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，近些年見(jiàn)證海洋正在被污染。_______________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I卷)這是我第一次邀請(qǐng)你參加我們的節(jié)目TalkandTalk。_______________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)如果你本周日有空的話，我和節(jié)目全體人員等你到來(lái)。_______________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)目前，在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)廣為認(rèn)可，在青少年間各位傳播，因?yàn)槠淇旖荨⒏咝?、低廉。_______________________________________________________________________________10.(2021新高考I卷)作為Youth的粉絲，我建議刊登外國(guó)青少年生活的文章會(huì)更好。_______________________________________________________________________________分類通關(guān)（四）動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.(2024新高考I卷)這張照片至今仍放在我的桌子上，提醒我要相信他人，并給予善意。________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023新高考I卷)“我就知道你會(huì)贏！我為你感到驕傲。你成功了！”我的老師興奮地說(shuō)。________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023新高考I卷)他緊緊地握著我的手說(shuō)：“祝賀你！你是個(gè)好作家，繼續(xù)寫吧?！盻_______________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023新高考I卷)“你做得很好！你得了第一名！”我當(dāng)場(chǎng)僵住了，感覺(jué)不可思議，喜出望外。________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023新高考I卷)我的成功歸功于我的社會(huì)老師，他是我寫作道路上的指路明燈。________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022新高考I卷)在權(quán)衡了我的話之后，大衛(wèi)用低沉但堅(jiān)定的聲音說(shuō)：“我想跑！”________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I卷)“加油！我們?yōu)槟愀械津湴粒　彼耐瑢W(xué)們熱情地喊道。________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)我拍了拍他的肩膀，小聲說(shuō)：“大衛(wèi)，如果你想試試，就去拿吧！我一直在你身邊！”________________________________________________________________________________________9.從父親的話中，我意識(shí)到家庭是世界上最重要的。________________________________________________________________________________________10.從那時(shí)起，我父親的話時(shí)不時(shí)在我耳邊響起，指引著我生活的方向。________________________________________________________________________________________分類通關(guān)（五）語(yǔ)法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）Sowingseedsofunderstanding130名中外大學(xué)生游江蘇感知科技改變生活China