Unit1PeopleofAchievementReadingandThinking課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版選擇性2

Unit1Peopleofachievementnon-restrictiverelativeclause

PeriodIIIReading-basedstructureacquisition010203LearningobjectivesBytheendoftheclass,youwillbeabletosummarizetheformsandfunctionsofnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;makecomplexsentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses;describepeopleofachievementbynon-restrictiverelativeclauses;ThewomanwhoisreceivingtheprizeisTuYouyou.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語(yǔ)從句who關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞who,whom,which,that,whose,aswhere,when,why關(guān)系詞的作用：①引導(dǎo)作用(引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句)②替代作用(替代先行詞)③在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)某個(gè)成分的作用先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系代詞人主who/that賓who/whom/that/省略定whose(=ofwhom)物主that/which賓that/which/省略定whose(=ofwhich)先行詞在從句中所作成分關(guān)系副詞時(shí)間名詞時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)when地點(diǎn)名詞地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)wherereason原因狀語(yǔ)whyThemanismyfather.Hewearsawhiteshirt.Themanwhowearsawhiteshirtismyfather.Ihaveadadwhoneverdohomework.b)Ihaveadad,whoneverdohomework.限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Themanisadoctor.

wholivesnextdoor限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ),如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。如:Mr.Brown,isadoctor.wholivesnextdoor2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不十分密切,只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說(shuō)明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用

逗號(hào)分開(kāi),不用that引導(dǎo)。3.大多數(shù)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞往往為某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ),而有時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞也可為整個(gè)主句,此時(shí)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句常由which引導(dǎo)。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.一個(gè)中年女子殺害了其丈夫,這事令我十分恐懼。1.Isawtheguywhodeliversmymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedtoswim.3.Doyouknowthereasonwhytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhosedaughtergoestoHarvard.whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?若去掉，句子含義不明確無(wú)逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)1.Paris,

whereIspentsixmonthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,whosechildrenarethesameageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)若去掉，不影響句子含義非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的指代關(guān)系指人指物在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichwhose√√主語(yǔ) 主語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)√√√賓語(yǔ)指代整個(gè)主句賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系副詞(where,when)的指代關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間在定語(yǔ)從句中的作用WhereWhen√√時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)that,why不能在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中使用。tip介詞+which限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別

限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句從句與先行詞的關(guān)系從句是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果省去，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整或不明確。從句只是對(duì)先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整標(biāo)

志從句和主句之間不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)從句和主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)關(guān)系代詞指人who(that)whom指物which(that)人和物的whose關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省去指人who（作主語(yǔ)）whom（做賓語(yǔ)）指物which人和物的whose關(guān)系代詞一般不可省修飾從句只修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞可以修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞也可修飾整個(gè)主句翻譯定語(yǔ)從句譯在被修飾詞的前面定語(yǔ)從句通常被譯成另一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子當(dāng)我們做非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的練習(xí)時(shí),往往先確定先行詞,然后再分析先行詞在從句中的作用,再對(duì)關(guān)系詞加以選擇。整理一番品讀規(guī)律Tomfoundtheancientbook,whichwasbroken.Asissaidinthenewspaper,twofarmerssawtheUFOinthefield.Ilikethehouse,whosewindowsfacethesea.先行詞指物,在從句中做主或賓語(yǔ),用關(guān)系詞which,不能用thatAs引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,可放在主句之前，也可放在主句后面。先行詞在從句做定語(yǔ),用關(guān)系詞whoseAllthatglittersisnotgold,aseveryoneknows.As在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，可指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，并有“正如、像……一樣”的含義，其位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在

后面，且無(wú)“正如”之意。Asweallknow,heisafamousscientist.Asiswellknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.常與as連用的詞有know,see,expect,pointout

等。試比較下面兩個(gè)句子。

Hewentabroad,__________wasexpected.Hewentabroad,__________wasunexpected.aswhich當(dāng)從句是否定句或表示否定意義時(shí)，只能用which引導(dǎo)。Activity1Underlinetherelativeclauses1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternantionalhonoursapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Activity1Underlinetherelativeclauses1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstthedisease.Whatisthefunctionoftheclause?Itrestrictstheword“treatments”,sothatwecanknowwhatkindof“treatments”aretested.restrictiveActivity1Underlinetherelativeclauses2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighestinternantionalhonoursapersoncanreceive.Whatisthefunctionoftheclause?Ithelpsgiveextrainformationabout“NobelPrize”.Activity1Underlinetherelativeclauses3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Whatelsecanyoufindfromthesesentences?non-restrictiveActivity2Combinesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauseThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.＋﹦ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whoHediscoveredpenicillin.Howdoesthesentenceflowdifferently?Itismorefluent,andtheinformationprovidedismorecloselyjointtogether.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Activity2Combinesentencesusingnon-restricetiverelativeclause,whowasnotwillingtoAfterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasinpowerthere.,whose4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.k.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,