2025年高考教案英語UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERS基礎默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.disastern.災難；災害2.floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹沒；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒3.rescuen.&vt.營救；救援4.damagevt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失5.destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅6.sheltern.避難處；居所；庇護vt.保護；掩蔽vi.躲避（風雨或危險）7.ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞8.percentn.百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中9.trapvt.使落入險境；使陷入圈套n.險境；陷阱10.buryvt.埋葬；安葬11.effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力12.supplyn.供應（量）；補給；[pl.]補給品vt.供應；供給13.powern.電力供應；能量；力量；控制力14.calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜15.aidn.援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.幫助；援助16.crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n.撞車；碰撞17.sweepvt.&vi.打掃；清掃18.waven.海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手19.strikevi.&vt.（過去式struck；過去分詞struck）侵襲；突擊；擊打；撞n.罷工；罷課；襲擊20.summaryn.總結(jié)；概括；概要Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.dievi.死；死亡→deathn.死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的；極度的；十足的2.affectvt.影響；（疾病）侵襲；深深打動→affectionn.感情；喜愛3.shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.震驚的4.electricityn.電；電能→electricadj.帶電的；電動的→electricaladj.與電有關(guān)的5.breathn.呼吸→breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的6.wiseadj.充滿智慧的；明智的；英明的→wisdomn.智慧；才智→wiselyadv.明智地7.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦→sufferingn.折磨；苦難；痛苦→sufferern.患病者；受難者8.eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出→eruptionn.噴發(fā)9.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過→survivaln.幸存；幸存事物→survivorn.幸存者10.delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn.傳送；遞送；演講方式11.effectn.影響；結(jié)果；效果→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivelyadv.有效地12.longadj.長的→lengthn.長；長度→lengthenvt.&vi（使）變長Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.droughtn.旱災；久旱2.slidevi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑動3.helicoptern.直升機4.crackn.裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.（使）破裂5.brickn.磚；磚塊6.metaln.金屬7.revivevt.&vi.復活；（使）蘇醒8.unifyvi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體9.contextn.上下文；語境；背景10.volcanon.火山11.typhoonn.臺風12.hurricanen.（尤指西大西洋的）颶風13.tapvi.&vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n.水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲14.pipen.管子；管道15.whistlevi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n.哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲16.emergencyn.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況17.kitn.成套工具；成套設備Ⅳ.核心短語——明搭配1.asif似乎；好像；仿佛2.falldown跌倒；倒塌3.carryout執(zhí)行；實施；貫徹；完成4.inruins嚴重受損；破敗不堪5.inshock震驚；吃驚6.digout挖掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)7etoanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)8.intheopenair露天；在戶外9.onhand現(xiàn)有（尤指幫助）10.sweepaway消滅；徹底消除Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會運用1.Itseemedasiftheworldwereingtoanend！（asif引導的表語從句）仿佛世界末日即將來臨！2.Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.（bedoing...when...）我和我的三個孩子正在吃早飯，這時水開始灌入屋內(nèi)。3.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.（too...to...）雞甚至連豬都緊張得吃不下東西，狗也不愿意進屋里去。4.Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150，000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.（thosewho...）地震剛剛過去，部隊便派出了15萬名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山，將受困群眾挖出，并掩埋死者。語境自測Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Wesetouttogotravellingwithexcitement，butthebadweatherruined（破壞）ourtrip.2.Sinceancienttimes，storytellinghasbeenawaytoshareandpassonwisdom（智慧）.3.Whenaheavyraincausedfloodsinthearea，manyvolunteersdelivered（遞送）foodandwatertogiveahelpinghand.4.Hehashadtobury（掩藏）hispainovertheyearssoasnottomakehisparentsworried.5.Noonewasinjuredintheexplosion，butthebuildingwaspletelydestroyed.6.ItsuddenlystrikesmethatIstilloweyou20dollars.7.Hefoundahidingplaceasashelterfromtheviolentstorm.8.AlthoughRosemaryhadbeensufferingfromaseriousillnessforyears，shelostnoneofherenthusiasmforlife.9.Hearingthebadnews，hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.10.Seeingthedrowninggirl，Ijumpedintothewaterimmediately，tookhertothebankandgaveherfirstaid.11.Theelectricityandwatersupplieshavebeencutoffafterthebigearthquakeinthetown.12.Manystudentsweretrappedbysmokeandfireonanupperfloor.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當形式填空1.Peoplesufferedalotintheearthquake，andfoodandwaterdelivery（deliver）couldn’treachthearea，whichaddedtotheirsuffering（s）（suffer）.2.Thisdeskisthreetimesthelengthofthatone，soitislongenoughandneedn’tbelengthened.（long）3.ItwasshockingthatLiMinglostthefootballmatchyesterday，andallhisfanswerealsoinshock.Butwhatmadethemevenmoreshockedwasthathedidn’tcareaboutitatall.（shock）4.Jackseldommakesmistakesandmakesalmosteverydecisionwisely.Weallthinkheisamanfullofwisdom，butaccordingtohim，it’sallthankstoreadingwidely.（wise）5.Thenewtrafficrulewilleintoeffectnextyearandisexpectedtoreducetrafficjamseffectively.However，therearestillsomepeoplewhodoubtwhethertherulewillbeeffective.（effect）6.Anearthquakestruckthiscityweeksago，causinghundredsofpeople’sdeath.Peoplefromotherprovincescametoofferhelp，buryingthedeadandfortingthosewholosttheirhomes.Forlong，theareawascoveredwithdeadly/deadsilence.（die）7.Climbingwasindeedahardjob.Wewerebreathlesshalfwayupthemountainandhadtostop.Twohourslater，wereachedthetopandcouldn’thelptakingadeepbreathtobreatheinthefreshair?。╞reath）8.Jackisoneofthosesurvivorswho（have）survivedtheflood.Hetoldushissurvivalwasowingtothehelpfromastranger.（survive）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當形式完成句子etoanendcarryoutasifsweepawayinruinsinshockonhandintheopenair1.ChinesepeopleusuallycleantheirhousebeforetheLunarNewYear，astheybelieveinthiswaythebadluckofthenextyearwillbesweptaway.2.Yearsofwarhavelefttheareainruins.3.Bothofthemwanttheirdisputetoetoanend，butneitheriswillingtogivein.4.Seeingthecityafterthequakeatthetime，shesaysshewasinshock.5.Doyouthinkitisimportanttocarryoutresearchonwhalesandotherseacreatures？6.Whethertheirweddingceremonywillbeheldintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.7.IhavesomuchworkonhandthatIdon’thavetimetogotothecinema.8.Theseeminglyworriedmantooktwostepsforward，andthenlookedbackasifhewerewaitingforsomethingtohappen.Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.他英語說得非常好，好像在英國居住了很多年似的。（asif引導的狀語從句）HespokeEnglishperfectlyasifhehadlivedintheUKformanyyears.2.上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人從自行車上摔了下來。（bedoing...when...）LastMonday，IwaswalkinginthestreetwhenIsuddenlysawanoldmanfalloffhisbicycle.3.我嚇呆了，害怕得不敢移動一步。（too...to...）Ifrozewithterror，tooscaredtomoveaninch.4.陷入這樣的危機加強了來自世界上不同地區(qū)的人們之間的聯(lián)系。（thosewho...）Tobecaughtupinsuchacrisisstrengthensthebondsbetweenthosewhoefromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Naturaldisasters，likedrought，flood，typhoons，andearthquakes，arebeingmorefrequentnowadays.Allhavebadeffectsonhumans’life，makingussufferfromterribleinjuriesandseriousdamage.TheTangshanearthquakein1976shockedtheworldthen—about90percentofthehomesinthecityweredestroyed，andelectricitywashardtogetbecausepowerwascutoff.Alargecitylayinruins.Millionsofpeoplewereaffectedandhadtofacedeath.Itseemedasiftheworldwereingtoanend.Thankfully，150，000soldiersweresenttostartrescuework.Theydugoutthosewhoweretrapped，buriedthedeadandbuiltsheltersforthosewhosurvivedthedisaster.Thetirelesseffortspaidoff.Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.Inthisfight，humansshowedgreatcourageandwisdom.Andwhatwelearnedfromthedisasteristokeepfirstaidkitonhandincaseofemergency.Whenadisasterstrikesaplace，it’susuallydifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplieswithinashorttime，butaslongaswestaycalm，positiveandunited，nodisasterwilldefeatus.1affectvt.影響；感動；（疾?。┣忠u；使感染1.Unluckily，hewasaffected（affect）withaseriousillness，whichmadehisparentsdeeplyconcerned.2.Wemusttakeeffectivemeasurestopreventtheareafrombeingaffected（affect）bydrought.3.總的來說，英文報Youth對我有巨大的影響。我經(jīng)常被報紙中數(shù)不清的感人故事深深感動。 （短文投稿）Insummary，theEnglishnewspaperYouthaffectsmegreatly或hasagreateffect/impact/influenceon/uponme.I’moftendeeplyaffectedbycountlessmovingstoriesinthenewspaper.★beaffectedby...受……影響，被……感動beaffectedwith...感染……疾病★（形近）effectn.效應；結(jié)果；影響；效果★haveaneffect/impact/influenceon/upon對……產(chǎn)生影響2shockn.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.（使）震驚（amaze，surprise，astonish）1.Thisisoneofthemostshocking（shock）weathereventsI’veeverwitnessed.2.Iwasshockedtohear（hear）thenewsthatanearthquakehappenedinSichuanProvince，killingmorethanonehundredpeople.3.EverystaffmemberwasinshockwhenhearingtheywouldtakeatestonSundayinsteadofhavingapicnic.介詞in和許多表示情緒的名詞搭配使用時，可用來描寫人物的心情，如insurprise/amazement（驚訝地），infear/horror（驚恐地）等。4.Peterworkedhardinthepanyandwonpraisefromhisbossandcolleagues，buthisnamewasonthelayoff（裁員）list.Thisgavehimashock/Thismadehimshocked/Thiswasshockingnewsforhim/Thiscameasashocktohim.（情景續(xù)寫）★eas/beagreatshocktosb.令某人大為震驚inshock震驚，吃驚★shockedadj.震驚的，驚訝的beshockedat/bysth.對某事感到震驚beshockedtodosth.做某事很震驚★shockingadj.令人震驚的3buryvt.埋葬；安葬1.[譯林選必②－4]Thetimecapsule，buried（bury）50feetbelowthegroundinapark，wasdesignedtobeopenedintheyear6939.2.聽到自己的家人被埋在廢墟之下，他雙手掩面，忍不住哭了出來。（讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫）Hearingthathisfamilywereburiedinruins，heburiedhisfaceinhishandsandcouldn’tholdbackhistears.3.Focusingonwhathewasdoing，hedidn’tevennoticeitwasgettingdarkoutside.★beburiedin（doing）sth.＝buryoneselfin（doing）sth.埋頭于，專心于（做）某事buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面beburiedinthought陷入沉思（＝belostinthought）→Buryinghimselfin/Buriedinwhathewasdoing，hedidn’tevennoticeitwasgettingdarkoutside.（用bury改寫畫線部分）4effortn.努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力1.[人教必修③－4]Asaresult，spacebasedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrow（grow）enoughfoodtofeedEarth’sincreasingpopulation.2.Asaseniorhighschoolstudent，youmustmakeefforts/makeanefforttoimprovethenecessarymunicationskills（努力提高必要的溝通技巧）anddevelopcriticalandindependentthinking. （建議信）3.We’dbettertryourbesttoprepareourselvesfortomorrowsothatwecanhaveabrightfuture.→We’dbettermakeeveryeffort/sparenoefforttoprepareourselvesfortomorrowsothatwecanhaveabrightfuture.（用effort升級畫線部分）4.學生應該專心學習。畢竟沒有人能毫不費力地通過所有考試。（apply，effort）Studentsaresupposedtoapplythemselvestostudying.Afterall，nobodycanpassalltheexamswithouteffort.applyoneselfto（doing）sth.勤奮工作；努力學習★makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力去做某事makeeveryefforttodosth.＝sparenoefforttodosth.盡一切努力去做某事★inanefforttodosth.為了做某事withouteffort毫不費力地with（an）effort費勁地5suffervt.遭受，蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等）受苦1.Itisshockingtoseethepatientsuffering/sufferfrompovertyanddiseasesandweallwanttodosomethingtohelpthissuffereroutofhissuffering（s）.（suffer）2.Studiesshowthatifpeoplealwayssitbeforeputerscreensforlonghours，theywillhavebackproblemsfromwhichtheywillsufferintherestoftheirlife.本題中，backproblems后面是"介詞＋which"引導的定語從句。sufferfrom"遭受；患病"，是固定搭配，此處介詞from提前了。3.雖然自然災難可能會使我們遭受極大的痛苦，但我堅信只要我們守望相助，必能戰(zhàn)勝災難。 （讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華）Althoughnaturaldisastersmaymakeussuffergreatpains，Ifirmlybelievethatwecanoverethedisastersthroughhelpingandsupportingeachother.★sufferfrom遭受；患……病sufferpains/defeat/loss遭受痛苦/失敗/損失★sufferingn.疼痛；苦難；痛苦sufferern.受苦者；受難者；患病者6supplyn.供應（量）；補給；[pl.]補給品vt.供應；供給1.Intheearthquakestrickenarea，dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodsupplies（supply）.此處表示"運送食物"，supply在此表示"補給品"，通常要用復數(shù)形式。當supply表示"供應，供給"時，為不可數(shù)名詞，如：electricitysupply電力供應，watersupply供水。2.ManyparentsinChinaarealwaysmakingeveryefforttoprovidetheirchildrenwiththebesteducation.→①ManyparentsinChinaarealwaysmakingeveryefforttosupplytheirchildrenwiththebesteducation/supplythebesteducationtotheirchildren.（supply）→②ManyparentsinChinaarealwaysmakingeveryefforttooffertheirchildrenthebesteducation/offerthebesteducationtotheirchildren.（offer）★inshortsupply供應不足★為某人提供某物：supplysb.withsth.＝supplysth.tosb.providesb.withsth.＝providesth.forsb.offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.7survivevi.生存，存活，繼續(xù)存在vt.幸存；艱難度過1.Aftertheflood，peopleweresufferinginthatarea，whourgentlyneededcleanwater，medicineandshelterforsurvival（survive）.2.Mr.Greenwastheonlysurvivor（survive）intheearthquake.Hetoldushesurvivedonabottleofwater.3.沒有海洋，任何生物都無法生存，包括人類。 （環(huán)境保護）Withouttheocean，nolivingthingswouldsurvive，includinghumans.★survivesth.從……中活下來；幸存于……surviveon依靠……生存AsurviveB（by＋時間）A比B活得長（……）★survivaln.幸存；殘存物survivorn.幸存者8powern.電力供應；能量；力量；控制力3.[人教選必①－4]Scientistshavefoundthatwhenwefeelproudandpowerful，weusuallystraightenuptomakeourselvesbigger.Bycontrast，whenwefeelpowerless，wetendtoslump，makingourselvessmaller.（power）4.如果你有任何問題，盡管來找我。我會竭盡全力幫助你。 （建議信）Ifyouhaveanyproblems，justturntome.I’lldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.5.發(fā)生在他朋友身上的事使他驚呆了，他一句話也說不出來。 （讀后續(xù)寫之神態(tài)描寫）★apowercut/failure停電havethepowertodosth.具有做某事的能力doeverythinginone’spower＝tryone’sbest竭盡全力beyondone’spower某人力所不能及in/withinone’spower在某人能力范圍內(nèi)beinpower執(zhí)政（強調(diào)狀態(tài)）etopower開始掌權(quán)/執(zhí)政（強調(diào)動作）★powerfuladj.強健的；強有力的powerlessadj.無影響力的，無能為力的Hewassoshockedbywhathappenedtohisfriendsthathelostthepowerofspeech.9asif/asthough仿佛，好像，似乎1.[譯林選必①－3]Whenyoulookatthepainting，itisasifyouwere（be）abouttocrossthebridgeandenteranotherworld.2.[外研選必②－3]Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly，asiftheeventshadhappened（happen）onlyyesterday.3.Iwasdominatedbyanoverwhelmingsenseofexcitementandprideathiswords，andmyfeet，asifrooted（root）totheground，couldn’tmoveabit. （讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫）asif/asthough引導狀語從句時，若主從句主語一致，且從句謂語為be動詞，那么從句的主語和be動詞可以省略，構(gòu)成"asif/asthough＋形容詞/名詞/介詞短語/分詞/不定式"。本題中，asif引導的完整從句為：asifmyfeetwererootedtotheground。4.她緊張地捂住張大的嘴巴，覺得心好像要跳出來了。 （讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫）Shenervouslycoveredherwideopenedmouth，feelingasif/asthoughherheartwouldjumpout.（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）★asif/asthough既可引導方式狀語從句，也可位于seem，look等系動詞后引導表語從句?！锶鬭sif/asthough從句描述非現(xiàn)實情況，則用虛擬語氣：·與現(xiàn)在事實相反，從句謂語用一般過去時（be動詞用were）；·與過去事實相反，從句謂語用過去完成時；·與將來事實相反，從句謂語用"would/could/might/should＋動詞原形"。10bedoingsth.when...正在做某事，這時突然……1.Theoldwomanwaswalking（walk）cautiouslyontheicypavementwhenherfeetslippedandshefellover. （讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫）2.[譯林選必②－1]Iwasabouttohave（have）abathwhenIheardpeoplescreaminganddogsbarking.3.Shehadjustfinishedherhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopractisethepiano.4.我正在擔心如何說服她接受我的建議，這時我突然想到了一個好主意。（persuade，strike） （讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫）Iwasworryingabouthowtopersuadehertoacceptmyadvicewhenagoodideastruckme.★when作并列連詞，表示"這時突然"，還用于以下句型中：beabouttodosth.when...正要做某事，這時突然……beonthepointofdoingsth.when...正要做某事，這時突然……h(huán)ad（just）donesth.when...剛做完某事，這時突然……詞根fect從[構(gòu)詞示例]中選擇適當?shù)膯卧~，并用其正確形式填空。1.[北師選必①－3]ItisclearthathumanactivityhasnegativelyaffectedallotherspeciesonEarth，includinganimalsandplants.2.[譯林選必②－3]Burnsdamageskin，whichcanleadtoinfectionandotherhealthproblems.3.[人教必修②－5]Asitturnedout，therewasnoneedtobenervousbecauseallmyhardworkpaidoffandIplayedperfectly.Ⅰ.語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯動詞變形1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Besides，workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffecton/uponJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents，manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.該句中含有"manyof＋關(guān)系代詞"引導的定語從句，先行詞為students。句意：此外，在花園里工作似乎對Jaramillo的特殊教育學生有鎮(zhèn)靜作用，他們中的許多人都有情緒控制問題。2.[2022全國乙]Itiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmedia，butlongdistancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain（sustain）.3.[2021天津]Lifewithoutartwouldbeboringanddead（die）still，forartisapartofwhatmakesushuman.此處dead是副詞，意為"完全地，全然地"，相當于pletely。still為形容詞，意為"靜止的"。4.[2020浙江]ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue，Washington，generallydon’tflashthesamelength（long）ofgreentwiceinarow，especiallyatrushhour.5.[2020北京]Tomhassincereportedtheshocking（shock）findingstothegovernmentinanattempttoemphasisethatbabiesareathigherriskofdevelopingasthma（哮喘）.6.[2020江蘇]Later，heworkedinAfrica，wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindnessforlackofpropertreatment.7.[北京高考]Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohadbeentrapped（trap）inthemountainsfortwodays.句意：一名救援人員冒著生命危險救了兩名被困山中兩天的游客。根據(jù)句意可知，trap這個動作發(fā)生在risked之前，所以此處為過去的過去，應用過去完成時，且twotourists與trap之間為被動關(guān)系，應用被動語態(tài)。trap的過去分詞形式應雙寫p再加ed。8.[北京高考]WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday，theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins（ruin）.9.[江蘇高考]AttheBeijingOlympicssheswept（sweep）awayanydoubtsaboutherabilitytoperformconsistentlybybeingthefirstJamaicanwomanevertowinthe100metresOlympicgold.根據(jù)時間狀語AttheBeijingOlympics可知，此處應用一般過去時。sweepawaydoubts表示"消除懷疑"，句中的Jamaicanwoman因為有序數(shù)詞修飾，其后用不定式evertowin...gold作后置定語。句意：在北京奧運會上，她成為第一位獲得奧運會100米金牌的牙買加女子，消除了人們對她一貫表現(xiàn)能力的懷疑。10.[全國Ⅲ]JustbeforeSeptember，Millerwasstruck（strike）byacarandlosthisrightarm.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.v.大量送至，擠滿 B.n.大量C.v.大量涌入 D.v.淹沒①[2023新高考Ⅱ]TheytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhooftenetocheckonthepandas，whichareonloanfromChina.B②[2023全國甲]AskthetouristsfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee，andtheiranswerisoftenthesame：agrizzlybear.C③[浙江高考]Butwhenhefinallyreachedher，thewomanfloodedhimwithquestions："Whoareyou？Whatantiqueshop？" A④[江蘇高考]Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（連接）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways. Dflood在③作動詞，其本質(zhì)含義是tosendsth.somewhereinlargenumbers。flood...with...常用被動形式befloodedwith，befloodedwith在某種程度上相當于befullof/befilledwith/becrowdedwith等。2.A.侵襲 B.給（某人以……）印象C.達成（協(xié)議） D.猛地意識到①[2021新高考Ⅰ]TheFrenchtaketheir35hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecentlystruckadealwithagroupofpanieslimitingthenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractorscanbeoncall. C②[2021全國乙]Hismentstruckmeasstrange. B③[2020北京]ButSmithwasstruckmainlybythefactthatshedidn’ttrulygraspanyoftheskillstheauthordescribed.D④[北京高考]Onthe20thofthatmonth，Dr.Welchexaminedasickboy，Billy，andknewhehaddiphtheria，adeadlyinfectious（傳染的）diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbehelplessifitstruckthetown. A3.[2021天津]Goodevening，everybody.ProfessorKingwillbedeliveringhislectureinamoment，butletmeintroducehimfirst. v.發(fā)表4.[北京高考]Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse，whobroughtadefibrillator，anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork. v.使受電擊Ⅲ.寫作——基礎寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎寫作——自然災害過去幾年，世界各地頻發(fā)地震、洪水、颶風、沙塵暴等自然災害，給人們的生產(chǎn)、生活造成極大的損失。假如你是李華，請你給某英文報刊"人與自然"專欄寫一篇短文，要點包括：1.描述自然災害的現(xiàn)象和后果；2.分析自然災害頻發(fā)的原因；3.提出關(guān)于減少自然災害的建議?！?qū)懽饕c1.在過去的幾年里，發(fā)生了各種各樣的自然災害，比如地震、沙塵暴、洪水，給人類造成了嚴重的損失。（disaster，damage）Overthepastfewyears，therehavebeenvariousnaturaldisasters，suchasearthquakes，sandstorms，floods，causingseveredamagetohumanbeings.2.無數(shù)的房屋變成廢墟，大量農(nóng)田被破壞，數(shù)百萬人遭受了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失。（inruins，destroy，suffer）Countlesshouseswereinruins，numerousfieldsweredestroyed，andmillionsofpeoplesufferedgreateconomiclosses.3.人口的快速增長對自然產(chǎn)生了不良影響，因為更多的人意味著地球上更多資源的供應。（effect，supply）Therapidpopulationgrowthhasanegativeeffectonnature，sincemorepeoplemeanlargersuppliesofresourcesonearth.4.人們?nèi)狈Νh(huán)保意識，使得自然界的突發(fā)事件越來越頻繁。（emergency）Peoplelacktheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection，makingtheemergenciesofnaturemorefrequent.5.我們應該盡一切努力保持人與自然之間的平衡。（effort）We’resupposedtomakeeveryefforttokeepthebalancebetweenhumansandnature.◎連句成篇請運用恰當?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點串聯(lián)成一篇語意連貫的短文。Overthepastfewyears，therehavebeenvariousnaturaldisasters，suchasearthquakes，sandstorms，floods，causingseveredamagetohumanbeings.Thus，countlesshouseswereinruins，numerousfieldsweredestroyed，andmillionsofpeoplesufferedgreateconomiclosses.Thereareseveralfactorscontributingtothesedisasters.First，therapidpopulationgrowthhasanegativeeffectonnature，sincemorepeoplemeanlargersuppliesofresourcesonearth.What’smore，peoplelacktheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection，makingtheemergenciesofnaturemorefrequent.Inmyopinion，we’resupposedtomakeeveryefforttokeepthebalancebetweenhumansandnature.OnlyinthiswaycanwehumanssurvivewithourplanetEarth.寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——情感描寫之驚訝與震驚積累背誦仿寫運用單詞amazed，astonished，shocked，surprised，openmouthed，amazement，surprise，astonishment，alarm，startle使驚嚇根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.當我看到這么多觀眾時，我驚訝得下巴都要掉了，不禁緊張起來。MyjawalmostdroppedwhenIsawthesizeoftheaudience.Icouldn’thelpbutgetnervous.2.聽到這個壞消息，我驚呆了，我平生第一回不知道說什么話才好。Hearingthebadnews，Ifrozewithshock/Istoodstillwithshock/Iwasnumbwithshock.ForonceinmylifeIwaslostforwords.3.他驚訝得說不出來話，甚至腦子都不靈了。Hewastoosurprised/astonishedtospeakoreventothink.（too...to...）4.令我極為吃驚的是，他在比賽最后一圈的時候趕了上來并第一個到達終點線。Muchtomysurprise/Tomygreatsurprise，hecaughtupinthelastlapoftheraceandwasthefirsttoreachthefinishingline.5.汽車沿著彎彎曲曲的山路行駛，轉(zhuǎn)過最急的彎道時，人人都驚得倒吸了一口氣。Thecarfollowedthetwistsandturnsofthemountainroad，andwhenitcamearoundthesharpestbend，everyonegaspedinastonishment.6.當他打開電腦開始查看郵件時，他的臉上閃過一絲驚訝，但是又立即消失了。Whenheturnedonhisputerandbegantochecktheemail，asparkofsurpriseflashedacrosshisface，butsoondisappeared.詞組1.toone’samazement/surprise/astonishment令人吃驚的是2.inastonishment/insurprise驚訝地3.one’sjawdrops驚掉下巴4.freeze/standstill/benumbwithshock驚呆了5.beshockedbeyondwords/bespeechlesswithshock＝betoosurprised/astonishedtospeak驚訝得說不出話來6.gaspinastonishment驚得倒吸一口氣7.givesb.ashock/easashocktosb.使某人震驚佳句1.Isensedasparkofsurpriseinhiseyes.Hestraightenedupandlookedatme，withhismouthwideopen.我感覺到他眼里閃過一絲驚訝。他直起身，目瞪口呆地看著我。2.Hewasobviouslyshockedbyherwordsandalookofshockspreadoverhisface.顯然，他被她的話震驚了，驚愕的表情在他的臉上蔓延開來。3.IleapedupasifIhadbeenstruckbythunderwhenIfeltsomeonepattingmeontheshoulder.Iturnedaroundandlookedatthestrangerinwideeyedastonishment.當我感覺到有人拍我的肩膀時，我一下子跳了起來，如遭雷擊。我轉(zhuǎn)過身，睜大眼睛驚訝地看著這個陌生人。一、閱讀理解A[自然災害/2024天星原創(chuàng)]YellowstoneNationalParkwithdrewmorethan10，000visitorsafterflashfloodshitthepark.Houses，roadsandbridgeswerewashedaway，andthepark’sgatewaymunitieswerecutofffromroads.Evenasscientistsandlandmanagersareshockedbytheseverefloods，unseenin100yearsofrecordedhistory，theyrecognizethesimilaritiestotheeventstheirdatapredicted.Theyjustdidn’texpectthemtooccurthisyear.Whileitwilltakemoreresearchtoconfirmifclimatechangemadethisfloodeventmoreextreme，the2021GreaterYellowstoneClimateAssessmentpredictssignificantchangesinprecipitation（降水），includingwhenitwillarriveandwhatformitwilltake.Scientistsexpectmorespringrainandlesswintersnow.TheassessmentalsopredictsincreasingannualprecipitationinYellowstoneNationalPark.Changeshavebeenalreadydocumentedintheassessment.Since1950，springprecipitationintheregionhasincreasedby17percentinApriland23percentinMay.Snowfallhasdwindledeventhoughoverallannualprecipitationhasincreased.Thatmeansratherthanaslowreleaseofmeltwatertovalleysduringthesummermonths，rainfalltendstobinewithmeltingsnow，causingriskiereventsliketherecentflood.Juneprecipitationthisyearisnowatmorethan400percentaboveaverageinthepartsofMontanaandWyomingthatincludeYellowstone.Andastemperaturesrise，theserainonsnoweventsareprojectedtobeemorefrequentathigherelevations（海拔）inwesternNorthAmerica，whilelowersnowpackwillmakethemlessfrequentatlowelevations.BruceStein，chiefscientistoftheNationalWildlifeFederation，saidseveralyearsbefore，whenhetrainedYellowstoneemployeesforclimateplanning，theyfocusedonthefeaturesthatdrewvisitorstothepark—likebisonandwolves.Roads，bridges，andhousesgettingwashedawaywereoutoftheirconsideration."Ithinkit’surgentandnecessaryfortheparktolookaheadtoplanfordifferentsituationsthatcouldpossiblyhappenastheclimatechanges，"saidStein.本文是說明文，主要講述了黃石國家公園遭遇百年不遇的洪水以及洪水產(chǎn)生的可能原因?！驹~語積累】withdrawv.使撤離assessmentn.評價，評估documentv.記錄，記載（詳情）snowpackn.積雪【熟詞生義】1.flash常用義：v.（使）閃耀，閃光n.閃光，閃光燈文中義：adj.突發(fā)的2.project常用義：n.項目，方案，工程文中義：v.預測，預計，推想【長難句解讀】Whileitwilltakemoreresearchtoconfirm（ifclimatechangemadethisfloodeventmoreextreme），Whilethe2021GreaterYellowstoneClimateAssessmentpredictssignificantchangesinprecipitation主語謂語賓語（降水），including（whenitwillarrive）and（whatformitwilltake）.其中including譯文：雖然需要更多的研究來確認氣候變化是否使這次洪水事件更加極端，但《2021大黃石地區(qū)氣候評估報告》預測了降水的顯著變化，包括降水的到來時間和形式。1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefloods？A.Theywerethemostdestructiveinhistory.B.Theyhadbeenpredictedwithcertainty.C.Theywereworsenedbychangesinclimate.D.Theywerepartlyinlinewithscientists’expectation.解析D細節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"theyrecognizethesimilaritiestotheeventstheirdatapredicted...thisyear"可知，洪災與科學家們的預測是部分一致的，故選D。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dwindled"inparagraph3mean？A.Varied. B.Balanced.C.Doubled. D.Declined.解析D詞義猜測題。由eventhough和hasincreased可推知，畫線詞意為"減少"，故選D。3.WhatdoesSteinthinktheparkshoulddonext？A.Takepreventativemeasures.B.Rebuilddamagedstructures.C.Focusonitsattractivefeatures.D.Receivetraininginclimateplanning.解析A推理判斷題。由最后一段的"Ithinkit’surgentandnecessaryforthepark...astheclimatechanges"可知，Stein認為黃石國家公園必須向前看，為氣候變化可能引發(fā)的不同情況做好計劃，這是非常緊迫和必要的。也就是說，黃石國家公園應該做到防患于未然，故選A。4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.Yellowstonearea：Isitmoreatriskofflood？B.Yellowstoneflooding：Whydoesithappennow？C.Climateplanning：WhyisitimportanttoYellowstone？D.Climatechange：DoesitmeanmorerainforYellowstone？解析B標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了黃石國家公園遭遇百年不遇的洪水及洪水產(chǎn)生的可能原因，B項更好地概括了文章的內(nèi)容，做文章標題最佳。B[2023山東二模]ItwasalongweekendinMay2018andmypartnerGabeRosescuandIweretakingaroadtriptogotoNelson，BritishColumbiaandspendsometimewithourfriends.Itwasourfirsttriptogether.Ataround5：30p.m.onThursday，May17，weweredrivingabout11mileswestofCreston，onasteepmountainroadknownastheCrowsnestHighway.Iwastextingupdatestomyfamilyandenjoyingtheview.Weweren’tawarethattherehadrecentlybeenfloodinginthearea.WhenIlookedupfrommyphone，Isawawaveofmudandahugetreeingdownthemountain，rightinfrontofGabe’scar.Hetriedtostop，butitwastoolate.Themudslidesentourcarfallingnearly300metersdownarockycliff（懸崖）andourcarlandedonitssideamongsometrees.Ididn’tknowho