湖南省長沙市2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期3月月考試題六無聽力

湖南省長沙市高三英語下學(xué)期3月月考試題（六）本試題卷共10頁。時量120分鐘。滿分150分。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18．C．￡9.15．答案是C。1．Whendidthewomanleaveforthemovie？A．5minutesago．B．15minutesago．C．30minutesago．2．Whichfooddoesthemanusuallyavoid？A．Cream．B．Biscuits．C．Chocolate．3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A．Relatives．B．Fellowstudents．C．Teacherandstudent．4．WhotoldMarieabouttheaccident？A．Tom．B．Herfather．C．Lucy．5．HowmanytimeshasthemantriedtowakePeterup？A．Once．B．Twice．C．Threetimes．其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．HowdoesthemanfeelabouttheAmericanfootballmatch？A．Confused．B．Disappointed．C．Interested．7．Whydidthewomancometowatchthegame？A．Shethoughtitwasasoccergame．B．She'dliketosharetheman'shobby．C．Shewantedtoseehowexcitingitwas．聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanabout？A．Thegiftsfornewco-workers．B．Theorderofnewnotepaper．C．Theaddressofthenewcompany．9．Whydoesthemantellthewomantowait？A．Thecompany’saddressmightchange．B．CarltoldGeoffaboutamistake．C．Thepaperistooexpensive．10．Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews？A．Angry．B．Doubtful．C．Encouraged．聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing？A．Whichfixingcompanytheyshouldchoose．B．Howmuchtheyhavespent．C．Whenthefixingwillbegin．12．WhatdoesthewomansayaboutPrestons？A．Theyareunreliable．B．Theydohigh-qualitywork．C．Theychargethelowestprice．13．Whatdoesthewomanagreetodo？A．Askforalowerprice．B．Respondtoallthebuilders．C．EmailValleyBuilders．聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Wherearethespeakersprobably？A．Inanoffice．B．Inalift．C．Inacar．15．Howsoonwillthemanbeinterviewed？A．In30minutesB．In15minutes．C．In10minutes．16．Whydoesthewomanwanttogetthejob？A．Shelikestheworkingtime．B．Shelikesworkingindowntown．C．Shelikesgoingtoworkbysubway．17．Whatwillthewomandonext？A．Answerthephone．B．Talkmorewiththeman．C．Visitsomeshopsnearby．聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．HowdoscientistsatUniversityCollegeLondonmeasurememoryloss？A．ByrecordingthetimepeoplespendonTV．B．Bytrackingpeople'slivinghabits．C．Byusingmemoryandfluencytests．19．Whatleadstomemorydeclineinolderpeople？A．Watchingtelevisionforhours．B．Playingvideogamesforhours．C．SurfingtheInternetforhours．20．Whatdotheresearcherssuggestolderpeopledo？A．Makemorefriends．B．Sleepeighttotenhourspernight．C．BalanceTVviewingwithotheractivities．其次部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhileit'sthebooksthatmakealibrary,beinginlovelysurroundingsmayprovideinspirationandhelpyoutoworkalittlebitharder.Herearesomeofthecoolestlibrariesoftheworld.TheLibraryofBirmingham-Birmingham,U.K.ThenewLibraryofBirminghamissaidtobenotonlyBritain'sbiggestpubliclibrary,butalsothelargestinEurope.DesignedbyDutcharchitects,thisreplacementfortheBirminghamCentralLibrarywasopenedin2013andhasawealthofresourceswithinitswalls,includingadultandkids'libraries,musiccollections,aShakespeareMemorialRoom,andevenagym.Gardenscrowntheroof,whilethechangingseasonsbringvariationsintheshadowsandreflectionsinside.TheNationalLibraryofFranceParis,FranceTheNationalLibraryofFrance,whichnowcontainsanastonishingcollectionof30million,datesbacktothe14thcenturyandthisroyallibrarywassetupattheLouvrePalacebyKingCharlesV.ThelibrarywasmovedtoRuedeRichelieuin1868,withmajordesignworkcarriedoutbyFrencharchitectsHenriLabrousteand,followinghisdeathJeanLouisPascal.Here,thereadingroomsareelegancethemselves.Therearemorethanjustbookstobefound.TheStateLibraryofNewSouthWales,Sydney,AustraliaThepublicStateLibraryofNewSouthWalesholdsthehonorofbeingtheoldestinstitutionofitskindinAustralia.ItwasoriginallysetupastheAustralianSubscriptionLibraryin1826，butitwasn'tuntil1942thatitspermanenthomewasready.DesignedbySydneyarchitectWalterLibertyVernonandcompletedin1910,themagnificentsand-stoneMitchellWingisoneofthearchitecturalhighlights.SeattleCentralLibrarySeattle,Washington,USASeattleCentralLibrary'sdistinctivedesignensuresitstandsout.ArchitectRemKoolhaasisoneofthenamesattachedtoitsdesign.Architectssoughttoenvelopthe11-storybuildingwith“alayeroftransparency”,usingaskinofglassandmetal.Thepubliclibraryhousesabout1.45millionbooksandotherthings,aswellasmorethan400computersavailableforpublicuse.Thebuilding,whichopenedin2004,wasincludedontheAmericanInstituteofArchitects'listofAmericans'150favoritestructuresin2007.1.Whichofthefollowinglibrarieshasthelongesthistory?A.SeattleCentralLibrary. B.TheLibraryofBirmingham.C.TheNationalLibraryofFrance. D.TheStateLibraryofNewSouthWales.2.WhatcanyoudointheLibraryofBirmingham?A.Takesomeexercise. B.Actinaplay.C.Attendaconcert. D.Enjoynewtechnology.3.WhatdotheNationalLibraryofFranceandSeattleCentralLibraryhaveincommon?A.Theyhavecomputersavailable. B.Theyweremovedtoanewplace.C.Theywonawardsforarchitecture. D.Theyweredesignedbymorethanoneperson.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個世界上最酷的圖書館?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中DesignedbyDutcharchitects,thisreplacementfortheBirminghamCentralLibrarywasopenedin2013andhasawealthofresourceswithinitswalls,includingadultandkids'libraries,musiccollections,aShakespeareMemorialRoom,andevenagym.(這座由荷蘭建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的圖書館于2013年啟用，是伯明翰中心圖書館的替代品，其內(nèi)部有豐富的資源，包括成人和兒童圖書館、音樂保藏、一個莎士比亞紀(jì)念室，甚至還有一個健身房)；第三段中TheNationalLibraryofFrance,whichnowcontainsanastonishingcollectionof30million,datesbacktothe14thcenturyandthisroyallibrarywassetupattheLouvrePalacebyKingCharlesV.(法國國家圖書館建于14世紀(jì)，藏書3000萬冊，數(shù)量驚人。這座皇家圖書館是查理五世在盧浮宮建立的)；第四段中ItwasoriginallysetupastheAustralianSubscriptionLibraryin1826，butitwasn'tuntil1942thatitspermanenthomewasready.(它最初是在1826年作為澳大利亞訂閱圖書館建立的，但直到1942年才打算好它的永久居處)；以及最終一段中Thebuilding,whichopenedin2004,wasincludedontheAmericanInstituteofArchitects'listofAmericans'150favoritestructuresin2007.(該建筑于2004年開放，2007年被美國建筑師協(xié)會列入美國人最喜愛的150個建筑)由此可知，法國國家圖書館歷史最長。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中DesignedbyDutcharchitects,thisreplacementfortheBirminghamCentralLibrarywasopenedin2013andhasawealthofresourceswithinitswalls,includingadultandkids'libraries,musiccollections,aShakespeareMemorialRoom,andevenagym.可知這座由荷蘭建筑師設(shè)計(jì)的圖書館于2013年啟用，是伯明翰中心圖書館的替代品，其內(nèi)部有豐富的資源，包括成人和兒童圖書館、音樂保藏、一個莎士比亞紀(jì)念室，甚至還有一個健身房。由此可知，你可以在伯明翰圖書館做些運(yùn)動。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中ThelibrarywasmovedtoRuedeRichelieuin1868,withmajordesignworkcarriedoutbyFrencharchitectsHenriLabrousteand,followinghisdeathJeanLouisPascal.(1868年，這座圖書館搬到了黎塞留街，主要的設(shè)計(jì)工作由法國建筑師HenriLabrouste以及在他去世之后由JeanLouisPascal完成)以及最終一段中ArchitectRemKoolhaasisoneofthenamesattachedtoitsdesign.(建筑師RemKoolhaas是其設(shè)計(jì)的名字之一)可知由此可知，法國國家圖書館和西雅圖中心圖書館的共同之處在于它們是由不止一個人設(shè)計(jì)的。故選D。BAftercollegeIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworld，soIjoinedthePeaceCorpsandbecameavolunteerteacherinNamibia，mycountryofassignment(任務(wù)).Honestly,myfirstchoicewasn'tAfrica，butIamextremelygratefulthatIwassentthere.VarioustribesandracialgroupsliveinNamibiaandanumberoflanguagesarespoken.WhenNamibiagainedindependencein1990,Englishbecametheofficiallanguage.TeachersweresupposedtoteachinEnglish,butmanylackedthelanguageskillstodoso.Myjobwastotraintheteachers.Schoolswerequitebare．Someclassroomsconsistedmerelyofsticksstuckinthesandandametalroof.Eachstudenthadonlyonethreadbareuniform.Thestudentshadexhaustingdays.Theywalkedmilestogettoschool,oftenbarefoot.Theyalsodidmanydailychores.Evenwiththeirmountainsofwork，fewpossessionsandlittleopportunity,thesechildrenwerejoyful.Iadmiredthat.Thiswasmyfirsttimelivingabroadinadifferentculture.Simplyadaptingtothelivingconditionswasabigadjustment.Ihadnoelectricity，runningwater,phoneorInternet.Imaginenoairconditioningwherethetemperaturewasoftenabove38degreesCelsius!However,IcouldendeachdaywithasplendidAfricansunset.Andatnight,Icouldhaveanincrediblepollution-freeviewoftheentireMilkyWay(銀河).BeforeNamibia，Ineverthoughtagirllikemewouldadapttosuchanenvironment.Myexperienceawakenedmetonotonlythelimitationsweplaceonourselves，butalsoouramazingabilitytoadapt.Stepoutsideofyourcomfortzoneandthrowyourselfinanotherculture.Youwon'tregretit.4.WhatdoweknowaboutNamibiabefore1990?A.Everyonecouldspeakmanylanguages.B.TeacherstaughtEnglishasanofficiallanguage.C.Itwasruledbyothercountries.D.TeachershadagoodcommandofEnglish.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“threadbare”inParagraph3mean?A.Ancient. B.Uncomfortable. C.Ugly. D.Shabby.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthoraccordingtoParagraph4?A.Honestandfearless. B.Braveandclever.C.Adaptableandoptimistic. D.Generousandkind.7.WhydidtheauthorfeelgratefultovolunteerinNamibia?A.ShegainedpurefriendshipfromAfricanchildren.B.ThebeautifulsceneryinAfricaimpressedheralot.C.Shesucceededinchallengingherlimits.D.Africans'hardlifetouchedherdeeply.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者到非洲做志愿者的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及感悟?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句中的“Namibiagainedindependencein1990”可知，納米比亞在1990年獲得獨(dú)立，所以在1990年以前納米比亞是被其他國家統(tǒng)治的，故選C?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段中的“oftenbarefoot”以及“fewpossessions”可知，孩子們的生活特別艱苦，而且由畫線詞前面的“onlyone”可知，他們每人僅有一件校服，所以“threadbare”應(yīng)表示“破舊的”，故只有D項(xiàng)“shabby”符合語境，故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Simplyadaptingtothelivingconditionswasabigadjustment．”(僅僅是適應(yīng)生活條件就須要很大的調(diào)整)可知作者適應(yīng)了當(dāng)?shù)氐纳瞽h(huán)境，體現(xiàn)出其適應(yīng)實(shí)力很強(qiáng)。依據(jù)“Ihadnoelectricity，runningwater，phoneorInternet．Imaginenoairconditioningwherethetemperaturewasoftenabove38degreesCelsius!”(沒有電，沒有自來水，沒有電話，也沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。想象一下，沒有空調(diào)，那里的溫度往往高于38攝氏度)可知納米比亞的生活條件很艱苦，可是作者卻能“endeachdaywithasplendidAfricansunset”(在絢麗的非洲日落中結(jié)束每一天)以及“haveanincrediblepollution-freeviewoftheentireMilkyWay”(觀賞奇麗的銀河系)，由此可知，作者是一個特別樂觀的人，故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“IamextremelygratefulthatIwassentthere”(我很感謝被派到那里)以及倒數(shù)其次段中的“Myexperienceawakenedmetonotonlythelimitationsweplaceonourselves，butalsoouramazingabilitytoadapt.”（我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)不僅讓我意識到我們給自己設(shè)置的限制，也讓我意識到我們驚人的適應(yīng)實(shí)力）和最終一段內(nèi)容可知，這段經(jīng)驗(yàn)讓作者意識到走出自己的舒適區(qū)并且在另一個環(huán)境中挑戰(zhàn)自己的極限的重要意義，所以關(guān)于這段經(jīng)驗(yàn)她心存感謝。C項(xiàng)中的“challengingherlimits”照應(yīng)了文中的“awakenedmetonotonlythelimitations”，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】

CEachyear,backedupbyagrowinganti-consumeristmovement,peopleareusingtheholidayseasontocallonusalltoshopless.Drivenbyconcernsaboutresourceexhaustion,overrecentyearsenvironmentalistshaveincreasinglyturnedtheirsightonour“consumerculture”,withGroupssuchasTheStoryofStuffandBuyNothingNewDaygrowingasamovementthatincreasinglyblamesallourillsonourdesiretoshop.Weclearlyhaveagrowingresourceproblem.Theproductswemake,buyanduseareoftenlinkedtothedestructionofourwaterways,biodiversity,climateandthelandonwhichmillionsofpeoplelive,buttoblametheseissuesonChristmasshoppersismisguided,andputsusintheoldtrapofblamingindividualsforwhatisasystematicproblem.WhilewecomplainaboutenvironmentaldestructionoverChristmas,environmentalistsoftenforgetwhattheholidayseasonactuallymeansformanypeople.Infact,formost,ratherthananadd-ontoanalreadyheavyshoppingyear,Christmasislikelytheonlytimeofyeartheyhavetheopportunitytospendonfriendsandfamily,orevenjusttobuythenecessitiesneededformodernlife.ThisisparticularlytrueforBoxingDay,oftenlaughedatbyanti-consumeriststhemost.Whilewemaylookdownonthequeuesinfrontoftheshops,formany,thosesalesprovidethechancetobuythingsthey'veneededallyear.AsjournalistLeighPhillipsargues,“Thisisoneofthefewtimesoftheyearthatpeoplecanevenhopetoaffordsuch‘luxuries’,theChristmaspresentstheirkidsareaskingfor,orjustanappliancethatworks.”Indeed,therichest7%ofpeopleareresponsiblefor50%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Thisbecomesparticularlyharmfulwhenyoutakeintoaccountofourconsumption“problem”anyway.Whyareenvironmentalistsattackingtheseindividuals,whileignoringpeoplelikeRussianbillionaireRomanAbramovich,whohashisown￡1.5bnyachtwithamissiledefencesystem?Anyway,anti-consumerismhasbecomeamovementofwealthypeopletalkingdowntotheworkingclassabouttheirlifechoice,whileignoringtherealcauseofourenvironmentalproblem.Itisnowondernooneischangingtheirbehaviour—orthatenvironmentaldestructioncontinueswithoutbecominganylesssevere.8.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheenvironmentalistmovementfromParagraphs2and3?A.Ithastargetedthewrongpersons. B.Ithasachieveditsintendedpurposes.C.Ithassolvedtheenvironmentalproblems. D.Ithaspersuadedconsumersnottoshopanymore.9.WhatdoesLeighPhillipsthinkofBoxingDay?A.Atrapforconsumers. B.Atoughproblemtodealwith.C.Apreciousshoppingopportunity. D.Apositivecontributiontotheeconomy.10.ForwhatpurposeisRomanAbramovichmentionedinthetext?A.Toshowhowrichheis.B.ToannounceheisaRussian.C.Topresenthiscontributionstotheenvironment.D.Tosuggesttherealcauseofenvironmentalproblemshasn'tbeenfound.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theenvironmentalproblemsareveryserious.B.Lessshoppingcan'tsolvetheenvironmentalproblems.C.Resourcesarebecomingfewerandfewerontheearth.D.Measuresshouldbetakentoprotecttheenvironment.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了反消費(fèi)主義其實(shí)是富人對工人階級的生活選擇進(jìn)行貶低的運(yùn)動，忽視了環(huán)境問題的真正緣由，這種運(yùn)動絲毫不會讓環(huán)境問題得到改善。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Drivenbyconcernsaboutresourceexhaustion,overrecentyearsenvironmentalistshaveincreasinglyturnedtheirsightonour“consumerculture”,withGroupssuchasTheStoryofStuffandBuyNothingNewDaygrowingasamovementthatincreasinglyblamesallourillsonourdesiretoshop.(由于對資源枯竭的擔(dān)憂，近年來環(huán)保主義者越來越多地把目光轉(zhuǎn)向我們的“消費(fèi)文化”，像“東西的故事”和“新一天不買東西”這樣的團(tuán)體日益成為一種運(yùn)動，越來越多地將我們?nèi)康募膊w咎于我們的購物欲望)”及第三段中“buttoblametheseissuesonChristmasshoppersismisguided,andputsusintheoldtrapofblamingindividualsforwhatisasystematicproblem(但將這些問題歸咎于圣誕購物者是被誤導(dǎo)的，這讓我們陷入了把系統(tǒng)性問題歸咎于個人的老陷阱)”可推知，環(huán)保主義者把環(huán)境問題歸咎于購物者是錯誤的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中“AsjournalistLeighPhillipsargues,“Thisisoneofthefewtimesoftheyearthatpeoplecanevenhopetoaffordsuch‘luxuries’,theChristmaspresentstheirkidsareaskingfor,orjustanappliancethatworks.”(正如記者LeighPhillips所說：“這是一年中為數(shù)不多的幾次人們甚至可以希望買得起這些‘奢侈品’的時候之一，比如孩子們想要的圣誕禮物，或者只是一件好用的電器?！?”可知，LeighPhillips把BoxingDay看作難得的購物機(jī)會。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Indeed,therichest7%ofpeopleareresponsiblefor50%ofgreenhousegasemissions.Thisbecomesparticularlyharmfulwhenyoutakeintoaccountofourconsumption“problem”anyway.Whyareenvironmentalistsattackingtheseindividuals,whileignoringpeoplelikeRussianbillionaireRomanAbramovich,whohashisown￡1.5bnyachtwithamissiledefencesystem?(事實(shí)上，最富有的7%的人要為50%的溫室氣體排放負(fù)責(zé)。無論如何，當(dāng)你考慮到我們的消費(fèi)“問題”時，這就變得尤為有害。為什么環(huán)保主義者攻擊這些人，卻忽視俄羅斯億萬富翁RomanAbramovich這樣的人？Abramovich擁有一艘價值15億英鎊、裝有導(dǎo)彈防衛(wèi)系統(tǒng)的游艇)”可推知，文章提到RomanAbramovich是為了表明環(huán)保主義者沒有弄清環(huán)境問題的根本緣由。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段“Anyway,anti-consumerismhasbecomeamovementofwealthypeopletalkingdowntotheworkingclassabouttheirlifechoice,whileignoringtherealcauseofourenvironmentalproblem.Itisnowondernooneischangingtheirbehaviour—orthatenvironmentaldestructioncontinueswithoutbecominganylesssevere.(不管怎么說，反消費(fèi)主義已經(jīng)變成了一場富人對工人階級談?wù)撍麄兊纳钸x擇的運(yùn)動，而忽視了我們環(huán)境問題的真正緣由。難怪沒有人變更他們的行為，也難怪環(huán)境破壞仍在接著，卻絲毫沒有減輕)”結(jié)合本文介紹了環(huán)保主義者認(rèn)為環(huán)境問題是一般民眾購物造成的，而反消費(fèi)主義事實(shí)上是富人對工人階級的生活選擇進(jìn)行貶低的運(yùn)動，忽視了環(huán)境問題的真正緣由?？芍?，文章主要講的是削減購物不能解決環(huán)境問題。故選B。DPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves,othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem—allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（先發(fā)制人的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime—aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong—ontosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals.“Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked,”O(jiān)rrocksays.“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry.”InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungrycaterpillars（毛蟲）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail’sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,”Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That’sthemillion-dollarquestion,”O(jiān)rrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.12.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidontosoilneartomatoplantsto________.A.makethemgrowbetterB.givethemawarningC.keepplant-eatinganimalsawayD.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger13.Whyistheexampleof“caterpillars”mentionedinParagraph3?A.Tointroduceanotheranimal.B.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals.D.Toanalyzedifferentresistancechemicals.14.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?A.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.BWhatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WatchfulPlants. B.GreedyAnimals.C.ASnail’sApproach. D.ADefenseAttack.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。探討發(fā)覺：一些植物可以在食草動物發(fā)動攻擊前很好地感覺到它們，這讓植物打算了先發(fā)制人的防衛(wèi)，甚至可以對抗其他有害物種?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry（我們只是給它們一些示意攻擊即將來臨的線索，這就足以使它們的化學(xué)反應(yīng)發(fā)生巨大變更）”可推知，JohnOrrock在西紅柿植株旁邊的泥土上噴灑液體的目的是賜予植物一種警告，讓它們能夠產(chǎn)生自我愛護(hù)性反應(yīng)，且其與第三段第一句中的“histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat(他的團(tuán)隊(duì)測量了這種黏糊糊的警告對另一個潛在威逼的影響)”呼應(yīng)，故選B?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarning’simpactonanotherpotentialthreat(最初，Orrock發(fā)覺這種防衛(wèi)方法對蝸牛有效；在最新的探討中，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)測量了這種黏糊糊的警告對另一個潛在威逼的影響)”可推知，下文中提到毛蟲的例子是為了驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn)，即：驗(yàn)證探討的結(jié)果。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句并結(jié)合對最終一段“Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewondershowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimethatneveractuallytouchedthem.“That’sthemillion-dollarquestion,”O(jiān)rrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.(他補(bǔ)充說，這項(xiàng)探討是全面的，但他想知道，即使蝸牛黏液沒有接觸到番茄植株，它們是如何感受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的?！斑@是一個特別重要的問題，”奧羅克說。他希望將來的探討能找出訪植物能夠感知這些相對遙遠(yuǎn)的信號的機(jī)制)”的整體理解可推知，RichardKarban事實(shí)上想了解的是西紅柿植株是如何意識到危急的。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段中的“Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（先發(fā)制人的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies(現(xiàn)在新的探討表明，一些植物可以在食草動物發(fā)動攻擊前很好地感覺到它們，這讓植物打算了先發(fā)制人的防衛(wèi)，甚至可以對抗其他有害物種)”是文章的中心句。由此可知，本文主要講解并描述的是有關(guān)植物的科學(xué)探討，探討發(fā)覺植物有對外在威逼或攻擊的自我愛護(hù)性反應(yīng)。因此A選項(xiàng)(警覺的植物)適合作標(biāo)題。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FromtheancientChinesestories,tothestoriesinthemedievalcathedrals（中世紀(jì)的教堂）inthewest,itisperfectlyclearthatthereisstrongpleasureandmeaningtogainfromstoriestoldthroughimagesorpictures.Peopleareluckyenoughtohavehadbookswithbothpicturesandwordswhentheywerechildren.____16____.Aftertheworldwars,thecheapbookswithoutpictureswereeverywhereanditmadereadingbooksillustratedwithpicturesforadultsaveryluxuriousthing.Somehow,pictureshadalsocometoseemchildishorstrange.____17____Justastheever-increasingpopularityofthegraphicnovel（連環(huán)畫小說）suggests,worksbothwordsandpicturesareregardedasclassics.____18____Infacttheformerdevelopsfromthelatter.EarlywritingsystemssuchasthoseinEgyptandChina:thingsintheworldwereexpressedinwrittenformbydrawingspecialpictures.____19____Insomelanguages,thesoundassociatedwithanimageareseparatedfromitsoriginalmeaning.Whatistheuseofabookwithoutpictures?Verylittle,itturnsout,particularlyifweconsiderthatpicturesareburiedwithintheverysymbolsusedtowritewords.Asforapicturebookforadults,authorTokarczuksweepsawayalldoubts.Sheadoresthepicturebook.____20____Thiskindofstoryisabletogetthroughtoanyone–regardlessofage,culturaldifferencesorlevelofeducation.It’shardtodisagree.A.Becauseitishardtoreadbookswithpictures.B.Andyetreaderslovestoriestoldthroughpictures.C.However,wordsandpicturesarenotalwaysconnected.D.Textandpicture,afterall,arenotsofarapart.E.Forheritisapowerful,oldwayoftellingastory.F.Adultsarethoughtfoolishtoreadsuchbooks.G.Theyoftenrememberthepicturesasclearlyasthewords.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.C20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，從文字和圖片的起源分析了文字與圖片相結(jié)合的作品受歡迎的緣由。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Peopleareluckyenoughtohavehadbookswithbothpicturesandwordswhentheywerechildren.”可知，人們很幸運(yùn)，當(dāng)他們還是孩子的時候，就有了既有圖片又有文字的書，此處承接上文，講的是這種書的好處，故G項(xiàng)（他們經(jīng)常把圖片和詞語記得一樣清晰）符合語境?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Somehow,pictureshadalsocometoseemchildishorstrange.”可知，圖片對人們來說變得有點(diǎn)兒無趣，再結(jié)合下文“Justastheever-increasingpopularityofthegraphicnovelsuggests,worksbothwordsandpicturesareregardedasclassics.”（正如連環(huán)畫小說日益流行所表明的那樣，文字和圖片都被視為經(jīng)典作品）可知，此處意思發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，即：人們喜愛圖片與文字相結(jié)合的作品，B項(xiàng)（然而，讀者喜愛通過圖片講解并描述的故事）符合語境。【18題詳解】依據(jù)下文“Infacttheformerdevelopsfromthelatter.EarlywritingsystemssuchasthoseinEgyptandChina:thingsintheworldwereexpressedinwrittenformbydrawingspecialpictures.”（事實(shí)上，前者是從后者發(fā)展而來的。早期的書寫系統(tǒng)，如埃及和中國的書寫系統(tǒng)：世界上的事物都是通過畫特殊的圖形以書面形式表達(dá)的）可知，本段講文字與圖畫之間的關(guān)系，即：文字是從圖片發(fā)展而來的，故D項(xiàng)（終歸，文字和圖片之間并沒有太大的區(qū)分）符合語境?！?9題詳解】上文在講文字和圖片的緊密聯(lián)系——文字是從圖片發(fā)展而來的，下文“Insomelanguages,thesoundassociatedwithanimageareseparatedfromitsoriginalmeaning.”（在一些語言中，與圖像相關(guān)的聲音與它的原始含義是分別的）表明有些文字與圖片之間就沒有聯(lián)系，故C項(xiàng)（然而，文字和圖片并不總是相互聯(lián)系的）符合語境?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Asforapicturebookforadults,authorTokarczuksweepsawayalldoubts.Sheadoresthepicturebook.”可知，作為一本適合成人閱讀的圖畫書，作者Tokarczuk打消了全部的疑慮。她很喜愛圖畫書，此處承接上文，接著說明女作者Tokarczuk的觀點(diǎn)，故E項(xiàng)（對她來說，這是一種強(qiáng)有力的、古老的講解并描述故事的方式）符合語境。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Earlierthatevening,mymothercalled,tellingmethatmybrotherdiedinacarcrash.Istumbled(跌跌撞撞地走)aroundthehouse____21____whattoputintothesuitcases.Myhusband,Larry,andIhadbeenpackingformovingtoNewMexico.Thehousewasin(a)total____22____.Itriedtoholdmytears.I____23____pickedthingsupandputthemdown.Icouldn't____24____.WhatI'dheardonthephoneechoed(回蕩)throughmyhead.Larryphonedafewfriends.____25____,someoneaskedtospeaktome.“IfthereisanythingIcando,letmeknow.”“Thankyou,”Ireplied.Ididn'tknowwhatto____26____.ThedoorbellrangandIroseslowlyforthedoor.ItwasDonna.“I'vecometocleanyourshoes,”shesaid.____27____,Iaskedhertorepeat.“Whenmyfatherdied,ittookme____28____togettheshoescleanedandshinedformyfather's____29____,”shesaid.Ihadn'teventhoughtaboutshoes.Shoesweregathered.Donna_____30_____herselfonthefloorandgottowork.Theloveintheact_____31_____mytears.Watchingher_____32_____ononetaskhelpedmepullmy_____33_____intoorder.Laundryfirst,Itoldmyself.Onebyone,thejobsfellintoplace.NowwheneverIhearofanacquaintance'slossofalovedone,Ithinkofone_____34_____taskthatsuitsthatperson's_____35_____.Ifthepersonasks,“HowdidyouknowIneededthat?”I'dreply,“Becausesomeonedidthat.”21.A.forgetting B.imagining C.wondering D.searching22.A.damage B.failure C.despair D.mess23A.aimlessly B.helplessly C.quickly D.decisively24.A.hurry B.decide C.focus D.move25.A.Constantly B.Fortunately C.Suddenly D.Surprisingly26.A.callfor B.askfor C.talkabout D.getacross27.A.Touched B.Shocked C.Confused D.Amused28.A.minutes B.hours C.weeks D.decades29.A.satisfaction B.funeral C.smiles D.wishes30.A.laid B.stood C.rested D.settled31.A.released B.held C.stopped D.caused32.A.keeping B.concentrating C.insisting D.depending33.A.thoughts B.rooms C.sadness D.luggage34.A.specific B.normal C.challenging D.perfect35.A.idea B.personality C.identity D.need【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.A26.B27.C28.B29.B30.D31.A32.B33.A34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者在失去親人后的心理狀態(tài)很不好，一位摯友幫她清理去參與葬禮的鞋子，以此來靜默地關(guān)愛她，使她思緒復(fù)原，而她也用同樣的方式幫助失去親人的熟人?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在屋子里走來走去，不知道該往行李箱里放些什么。A.forgetting遺忘；B.imagining想象；C.wondering感到懷疑，琢磨；D.searching搜查。依據(jù)上文“Earlierthatevening,mymothercalled,tellingmethatmybrotherdiedinacarcrash.”可知，聽到兄弟車禍身亡的噩耗時，作者有些不知所措，雖然是在整理行李，卻不知道該把什么放進(jìn)手提箱里。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：房子里一片狼藉。A.damage損害；B.failure失?。籆.despair無望；D.mess混亂，雜亂。依據(jù)上文“Myhusband，Larry，andIhadbeenpackingformovingtoNew