四川省巴中市普通高中2024-2025學年高三上學期9月零診考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1四川省巴中市普通高中2024-2025學年高三上學期9月零診考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthewomanreturnfromthetrip?A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bycoach.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Talkingtotheteacher.B.Givingupthecourse.C.Rentingtheequipment.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman'sjob.B.Theman'shouse.C.Theman'shobby.4.WhydoesthemansayDavidOlsenisunfitfortheposition?A.He'simpolite.B.He'simmature.C.He'sinexperienced.5.Whichcluedidthespeakersmiss?A.Thelockeddoor.B.Thebrokenglass.C.Themuddyfootprints.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhywillthemangotoLosAngeles?A.Tomeetarelative.B.Toattendameeting.C.Toreceiveeducation.7.Whatwillthewomantellthemanafterlunch?A.Whenshewillstartthetrip.B.Whattransportshewilluse.C.Whethershewillgowithhim.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthemansuggeststoppingaround8am?A.Toavoidrush-hourtraffic.B.Towaitfortheguide.C.Tobuysomefood.9.Whowillsharethedrivingduringthetrip?A.JackandJennifer.B.ChrisandJennifer.C.JackandChris.10.WhatwillthegroupdoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Measurethebeach.B.Sailupariver.C.Focusonavalley.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanthinkit'sunnecessarytoclean?A.Thefridge.B.Thewashingmachine.C.Thegascooker.12.Whichofthefollowingservicesdoesthemanneed?A.Sortingouttheclothes.B.Checkingthewiring.C.Cleaningthecurtains.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Downloadanapp.B.Meetacleaner.C.Signacontract.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Howmanypeoplewillgotothedinner?A.19.B.20.C.21.15.WhydoesthewomanrecommendSarah'sBistrototheman?A.It'snearhisworkplace.B.It'sanEnglishrestaurant.C.It'ssuitableforvegetarians.16.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Disappointed.B.Puzzled.C.Satisfied.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatistheattitudeofSunClubtowardthestaff'sopinionsnow?A.Ambiguous.B.Favorable.C.Disapproving.18.HowdoesGreenPlanetreducestaffturnover?A.Givingchildcareservices.B.Providingjobopportunities.C.Offeringpaidholidays.19.WhatunexpectedbenefitdoesDowntownHotelgetafterimprovingstaffwelfare?A.Afallincustomercomplaints.B.Ariseincustomerspending.C.Anincreaseintheflowofcustomers.20.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Hotelguests.B.Hotelwaiters.C.Hotelmanagers.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWelcometoTheSavillGardenHowtoGettotheSavillGardenBycar:followbrownsignsontheA30fromJ13,M25.Approximatetraveltime:Windsor-11minutes,London-36minutes,Reading-46minutes,Oxford-1hour10minutes.Byrail:thenearestrailstationsarelocatedatEgham,WindsorandVirginiaWater.OpeningTimesOpenallyearround(lastentryat17:00p.m.1Jan.2024-31Dec.2024)Monday-Sunday09:00-18:00TheSavillGardenisclosedon24and25December.AdmissionChargesTicketTypeTicketTariffAdultoffpeak￡8.50perticketAultpeak￡14.50perticketChildren0-4YearsFreeChildren5-16YearsOffpeak￡4.50perticketChildren5-16Yearspeak￡7.50perticketSpecialEventsSummerRosesJune-July2024Theeventisthefocusforanintensesensoryexperience.Rosesarespeciallychosenfortheirscent,strongcolorsandrepeatflowering,andarebestappreciatedfromawalkwaythat'floats'abovethem.EnPleinAirJuly2024OpenAir(quick)paintingeventandcompetitionwhere,duringafour-hourperiod,artistscreatetheirownmasterpiecesatlocationsaroundthetowncentre.ArtintheGardenSeptember-October2024Anexhibitionofeye-catchingsculptureinspiredbythenaturalworldformsatrailaroundTheSavillGarden.Eachpieceisplacedtobenefitfromthesurroundingfloraandbeshowntobesteffectthroughouttheevent.GreatParkIlluminatedNovember2024-January2025Followapaththroughwoodlandawashwithcolorassparklesoffireflies,luminousbeaconsanddancingfairiesblazetheway,thelakealivewithflood-litfountainsandglimmeringreflections.1.HowlongdoesittakeatouristtodrivetotheSavillGardenfromOxford?A.About11minutes. B.About36minutes. C.About46minutes. D.About70minutes.2.Howmuchshouldacouplewiththeir4-year-oldsonand10-year-olddaughterpaytovisitSavillGardenduringpeakhours?A.￡21.50 B.￡36.50 C.￡26 D.￡443.Whatuniquefeaturedoesthe"GreatParkIlluminated"eventoffer?A.Floatingwalkways B.Openairpainting C.Flood-litfountains D.Scentedroses〖答案〗1.D2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章提供了關(guān)于TheSavillGarden的實用信息，包括如何到達該地點（交通方式）、開放時間、門票價格以及特別活動的安排?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtoGettotheSavillGarden部分中“Bycar:followbrownsignsontheA30fromJ13,M25.Approximatetraveltime:Windsor-11minutes,London-36minutes,Reading-46minutes,Oxford-1hour10minutes.(駕車：從J13、M25出發(fā)，遵循A30上的棕色標志行駛。大約行程時間：溫莎11分鐘，倫敦36分鐘，雷丁46分鐘，牛津1小時10分鐘。)”可知，從牛津開車到SavillGarden大約需要1小時10分鐘，即70分鐘。故選D。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中第三行“Adultpeak(成人高峰時段)、￡14.50perticket(每張票14.5英鎊)”和第四行“Children0-4Years(0-4歲兒童)”、“Free(免費)”、最后一行“Children5-16Yearspeak(兒童5-16歲高峰時段)”、“￡7.50perticket(每張票7.5英鎊)”可知，成人高峰期票價為￡14.50，5-16歲兒童高峰期票價為￡7.50。夫妻兩人和一個10歲的女兒需要支付的費用為￡14.50+￡14.50+￡7.50=￡36.50。4歲的兒子免費。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Followapaththroughwoodlandawashwithcolorassparklesoffireflies,luminousbeaconsanddancingfairiesblazetheway,thelakealivewithflood-litfountainsandglimmeringreflections.(沿著一條小路穿過色彩斑斕的樹林，螢火蟲的閃爍、發(fā)光的燈塔和翩翩起舞的精靈照亮了道路，湖面上的噴泉在泛光燈的照射下生機勃勃，閃爍著粼粼波光。)”可知，GreatParkIlluminated的獨特之處在于有泛光燈照射的噴泉。故選C。BJohnlovedfairytalesasachildandwentontostudyEnglishliteratureatOxfordUniversity.There,hejoinedaliteraryclubwithfriendswhosharedhispassion.However,WorldWarIchangedeverythingforhimandhisfriends.DuringtheBattleoftheSomme,hisunitsufferedheavylosses,butJohnwassenthomebecausehehadtrenchfever,whichsavedhislife.Bytheendofthewar,manyofhisliteraryfriendshadnotsurvived.Afterthewar,JohnbecameaprofessoratOxford.Despitehisacademicresponsibilities,hehadastrongdesiretowritehisownfiction.Inspiredbyfairytales,hebegancreatingagrandmythologyforEngland.However,whenhetriedtopublishthisextensivework,publishersrejectedit,findingittoolongandcomplicated.Inadditiontohismythology,Johnentertainedhischildrenwithbedtimestories,oftenmakingthemuponthespot.Oneday,hewrote,"InaholeinthegroundtherelivedaHobbit."ThissimplelineledtothecreationofTheHobbit,achildren'sbookthatbecameverypopularandmadeJohnRonaldReuelTolkienawell-knownauthor.DespitethesuccessofTheHobbit,Tolkiennevergaveuponhisgrandmythology,whichhenamedTheSilmarillion.Unfortunately,evenasabest-sellingauthor,hefacedcontinuedrejectionfrompublisherswhoweremoreinterestedinasequeltoTheHobbitthaninhiscomplexmythology.Nonetheless,Tolkienstayedcommittedtohisimaginativeworld,showinghisstrongdedicationtohiscreativevision.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn'sexperienceinWorldWarⅠ?A.Hewassavedbyamemberofhisliteraryclub.B.Hereturnedtothebattlefieldtorealizehisambition.C.HesurvivedthemostintensefightingintheSomme.D.Hewasrelievedfromthefrontlineearlyduetohisillness.5.WhatinfluencedJohn'sdesiretowritehisownfiction?A.Hisacademicqualification. B.Hisloveforfairytales.C.Hisroleasaprofessor. D.Hismembershipinaliteraryclub.6.WhydidJohnwriteTheHobbit?A.Tochangehiswritingstyle. B.Toamusehischildren.C.Tosatisfythemarket. D.Toshoulderhisresponsibilities.7.WhydidJohnkeepworkingonhismythologydespiterejections?A.Tofollowhisdream. B.Togainpopularity.C.Toprovepublisherswrong. D.Toexpresshiscreativity.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.B7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了約翰·羅納德·魯埃爾·托爾金經(jīng)歷一戰(zhàn)后，受童話故事的啟發(fā)，開始為英國創(chuàng)造一個宏大的神話故事，盡管他的神話受到了出版商的拒絕，但他仍然堅持他對想象世界的強烈奉獻?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“DuringtheBattleoftheSomme,hisunitsufferedheavylosses,butJohnwassenthomebecausehehadtrenchfever,whichsavedhislife.(在索姆河戰(zhàn)役中，他的部隊損失慘重，但約翰因患戰(zhàn)壕熱而被送回家，這救了他的命。)”可知，我們對約翰在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中的經(jīng)歷了解到的是由于生病，他被提前從前線調(diào)離。故選D項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Afterthewar,JohnbecameaprofessoratOxford.Despitehisacademicresponsibilities,hehadastrongdesiretowritehisownfiction.Inspiredbyfairytales,hebegancreatingagrandmythologyforEngland.(戰(zhàn)后，約翰成為牛津大學的教授。盡管他有學術(shù)責任，但他有強烈的愿望寫自己的小說。受到童話故事的啟發(fā)，他開始為英國創(chuàng)造一個宏大的神話。)”可知，是他對童話的熱愛影響了約翰寫自己小說的愿望。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inadditiontohismythology,Johnentertainedhischildrenwithbedtimestories,oftenmakingthemuponthespot.Oneday,hewrote,"InaholeinthegroundtherelivedaHobbit."Thissimplelineledtothecreationof

TheHobbit, achildren'sbookthatbecameverypopularandmadeJohnRonaldReuelTolkienawell-knownauthor.(除了他的神話故事，約翰還用睡前故事來娛樂他的孩子們，經(jīng)常當場編故事。有一天，他寫道:“在地下的一個洞里住著一個霍比特人。”這句簡單的臺詞促成了《霍比特人》的誕生，這是一本非常受歡迎的兒童讀物，也讓約翰·羅納德·魯埃爾·托爾金成為知名作家。)”可知，約翰寫《霍比特人》是為了逗他的孩子開心。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Unfortunately,evenasabest-sellingauthor,hefacedcontinuedrejectionfrompublisherswhoweremoreinterestedinasequelto

TheHobbit

thaninhiscomplexmythology.Nonetheless,Tolkienstayedcommittedtohisimaginativeworld,showinghisstrongdedicationtohiscreativevision.(不幸的是，即使作為暢銷書作家，他也不斷遭到出版商的拒絕，他們更感興趣的是《霍比特人》的續(xù)集，而不是他復(fù)雜的神話。盡管如此，托爾金仍然致力于他的想象世界，顯示出他對自己的創(chuàng)造性愿景的強烈奉獻精神。)”可知，約翰不顧拒絕繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作他的神話的原因是為了去追尋他的夢想。故選A項。CWhenitcomestobuildingstructures,humansoftenconsiderthemselvesthebest,buttheabilitiesofsocialinsectsareamazing.Forexample,termites(白蟻)constructtallnests.However,thetruemastersofinsectarchitecturearethebees.Ateamofevolutionarybiologists,ledbyVivianaDiPietro,hasdiscoveredthatthesesmall-brainedinsectscanbuildinvariousarchitecturalstyles,similartohumans.Thesestylesarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,indicatingthatinsectscanhaveculturaldifferences—aconceptoncebelievedtobeuniquetohumans,asnotedbyAndrewWhiten.Inastudyofover400beecoloniesinBrazil,mostnestswerelayeredlikecakes,whileotherswerespiral(螺旋狀).Theresearchersfilmedthebeesandfoundnodifferenceinthespeedofcellconstruction,suggestingthatneitherstyleismoreefficientthantheother.Todetermineifgeneticsplayedarole,researcherstransferredworkersfromonenesttypetoanother.Therelocatedbeesadaptedtothelocalbuildingstyle,andsodidtheyoungbees.Thesefindingsareexcitingforthosestudyinganimalculture,astheydemonstratethatbeescanpassdownconstructiontechniqueswithoutdirectteaching.Thischallengesthetraditionalviewofculture,whichisoftendefinedasbehaviordirectlypassedfromoneindividualtoanother.Dr.Whitenbelievesthatthenewfindingssuggestcomplexanimalbehaviors,likebeaver(海貍)dams,mayalsoresultfromindirectlearning.Somescientistssaythatcertainhumantraditionscouldbepasseddownsimilarly,althoughthisisnotsure.Beeskeepsurprisingus;ithasbeenobservedthatbumblebees(大黃蜂)learnfromolderbees,challengingtheideathatsuchlearningisuniquetohumans.Perhapsbeesdeserverecognitionastoparchitectstoo!8.WhatdidtheteamofVivianaDiPietrofind?A.Cultureisonlyfoundinhumansocieties.B.Beesbuildmoreefficientlythanhumans.C.Beesexhibitvariedconstructiontraditions.D.Animalbehaviorscomefromdirectteaching.9.WhatwasthetraditionalviewofcultureaccordingtoParagraph4?A.Inheritedthroughgenetictraits. B.Learnedfromindividualinteractions.C.Passeddownthroughwrittenrecords. D.Developedfromenvironmentalfactors.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Beeschallengehumanuniquenessinlearning.B.Beescannotcommunicatewitheachotheratall.C.Animalbehaviorsaremostlynaturaloccuring.D.Humantraditionscanbedirectlytaughttoothers.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSecretLivesofBees B.TheIntelligenceofBeesC.TheCulturalArchitectureofBees D.TheComplexityofInsectStructures〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂可以像人類一樣建造各種建筑風格并可以將這些風格代代相傳。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Ateamofevolutionarybiologists,ledbyVivianaDiPietro,hasdiscoveredthatthesesmall-brainedinsectscanbuildinvariousarchitecturalstyles,similartohumans.Thesestylesarepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,indicatingthatinsectscanhaveculturaldifferences—aconceptoncebelievedtobeuniquetohumans,asnotedbyAndrewWhiten.(由VivianaDiPietro領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組進化生物學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些腦容量小的昆蟲可以像人類一樣建造各種建筑風格。這些風格代代相傳，表明昆蟲可以有文化差異——正如安德魯·懷特所指出的那樣，這一概念曾被認為是人類所獨有的。)”可知，蜜蜂表現(xiàn)出不同的建筑傳統(tǒng)。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thischallengesthetraditionalviewofculture,whichisoftendefinedasbehaviordirectlypassedfromoneindividualtoanother.(這挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)的文化觀點，文化通常被定義為直接從一個人傳遞給另一個人的行為。)”可知，傳統(tǒng)的文化觀認為文化是從個體互動中學習。故選B項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子“Beeskeepsurprisingus;ithasbeenobservedthatbumblebees(大黃蜂)learnfromolderbees,challengingtheideathatsuchlearningisuniquetohumans.(蜜蜂不斷給我們帶來驚喜;據(jù)觀察，大黃蜂向年長的蜜蜂學習，挑戰(zhàn)了這種學習是人類獨有的觀點。)”可知，蜜蜂挑戰(zhàn)了學習是人類獨有的觀點。故選A項。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。本文的主要內(nèi)容是：研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂以像人類一樣建造各種建筑風格并可以將這些風格代代相傳。所以用C項“TheCulturalArchitectureofBees(蜜蜂的文化建筑)”作為本文的題目與文章主題相符合。故選C項。DArtificialcompoundsfoundinthingslikefoodpackagingcanbearisktoourhealth.Wecancleanthemup,butwhowillpaythevastbill?Youareprobablyawareoftheterm“foreverchemicals”,ifnotentirelyclearonthespecifics.Whattheyareisaclassofaround16,000artificialcompoundscalledPFASthatbreakdownveryslowly,intheenvironmentandourbodies.Theyareextremelyuseful,butalsoapotentialhazardtowildlifeandhumanhealth.Aftermorethan80yearsofwidespreadandoftenunlimiteduse,PFASpollutionismoreorlesseverywhere,fromthesoilonourfarmstotherainthatwatersthem.Inalllikelihood,youhaveadetectableamountofthesechemicalsinyourbody.AgrowingbodyofresearchhaslinkedcontactwithsometypesofPFAStoharmfuleffects,suchaskidneydisease,immunedisorderandcertaintypesofcancer.Justafewpartspertrillionofsomeformsaccumulatedovertimeisenoughtobedamaging.Moreover,contactismoreorlessunavoidable.Howdidweletitcometothis?Tosomeextent,societyisfacingtheconsequencesofreleasingmanynewchemicalswithoutpropersafetytesting.Thathastochange,andnotjustforPFAS.Timeandagainwefind,toolate,thatindustrialchemicalsareharmful—asnowseemsthecasewiththoseinsomeclimbingshoes—Indoorclimbingwallusersmaybebreathingintoxicrubberdust—whileallowingthefirmsthatmakethemtocarryonbusinessasusual.Thereisnothingillegalinthat.Nonetheless,thePFASindustryhasbeenhighlyirresponsible.Thereisgoodevidencethatsomeproducershaveknownfordecadesthatthechemicalscouldbeharmful,butintentionallyconfusedthatknowledge.AsthescienceofPFASadvances,thereisoptimismthattheycanbereplaced,aswellasroundedupfromtheenvironmentanddestroyed.Butthebillwillbevast.Itisn’tunreasonabletoaskthefirmsthatinventedandprofitedfromtheseproductstopayatleastpartofit.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard”inparagraph2mean?A.threat B.benefit C.safety D.effect13.Whydoestheauthormention“climbingshoes”inparagraph4?A.Tocriticizepoorshoequality. B.Tohighlightclimbingpopularity.C.Toarguesafetyofclimbingshoes. D.Toshowharmofuntestedchemicals.14.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.PFASwillberemovedthroughscience.B.PFAScleanupwillbecomplextomanage.C.SciencecouldeventuallymakePFASharmless.D.Companiesshouldhelpcovercleanupexpenses.15.What’sthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.TopromotetheuseofPFAS. B.ToseeksolutionsofPFASrisks.C.Todiscussnewindustrialchemicals. D.ToexplaintheinfluenceofPFAS.〖答案〗12.A13.D14.D15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了PFAS的不良影響，目的是尋求PFAS風險的解決方案?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Aftermorethan80yearsofwidespreadandoftenunlimiteduse,PFASpollutionismoreorlesseverywhere,fromthesoilonourfarmstotherainthatwatersthem.Inalllikelihood,youhaveadetectableamountofthesechemicalsinyourbody.(經(jīng)過80多年的廣泛使用和經(jīng)常無限制的使用，PFAS污染或多或少無處不在，從我們農(nóng)場的土壤到澆灌它們的雨水。很有可能，你的身體里有可檢測到的這些化學物質(zhì))”可知，PFAS污染或多或少無處不在，所以也對野生動物和人類健康構(gòu)成潛在威脅。所以劃線詞的意思是“威脅”。故選A項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Tosomeextent,societyisfacingtheconsequencesofreleasingmanynewchemicalswithoutpropersafetytesting.Thathastochange,andnotjustforPFAS.Timeandagainwefind,toolate,thatindustrialchemicalsareharmful—asnowseemsthecasewiththoseinsomeclimbingshoes—Indoorclimbingwallusersmaybebreathingintoxicrubberdust—whileallowingthefirmsthatmakethemtocarryonbusinessasusual.(在某種程度上，社會正面臨著未經(jīng)適當安全測試就釋放許多新化學品的后果。這種情況必須改變，而且不僅僅是針對PFAS。一次又一次，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化學物質(zhì)是有害的，但為時已晚——就像現(xiàn)在一些攀巖鞋里的化學物質(zhì)一樣——室內(nèi)攀巖墻的使用者可能會吸入有毒的橡膠粉塵——同時允許制造它們的公司照常營業(yè))”可知，提到“climbingshoes”是為了說明未經(jīng)測試的化學品的危害。故選D項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butthebillwillbevast.Itisn’tunreasonabletoaskthefirmsthatinventedandprofitedfromtheseproductstopayatleastpartofit.(但賬單將是巨大的。要求發(fā)明這些產(chǎn)品并從中獲利的公司至少支付部分費用并不是不合理的)”可知，作者認為獲利的公司應(yīng)該幫助支付清理費用。故選D項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AgrowingbodyofresearchhaslinkedcontactwithsometypesofPFAStoharmfuleffects,suchaskidneydisease,immunedisorderandcertaintypesofcancer.Justafewpartspertrillionofsomeformsaccumulatedovertimeisenoughtobedamaging.Moreover,contactismoreorlessunavoidable.(越來越多的研究表明，接觸某些類型的PFAS會產(chǎn)生有害影響，如腎病、免疫紊亂和某些類型的癌癥。隨著時間的推移，只要萬億分之一的某些形式累積起來就足以造成破壞。此外，接觸或多或少是不可避免的)”以及最后一段“AsthescienceofPFASadvances,thereisoptimismthattheycanbereplaced,aswellasroundedupfromtheenvironmentanddestroyed.Butthebillwillbevast.Itisn’tunreasonabletoaskthefirmsthatinventedandprofitedfromtheseproductstopayatleastpartofit.(隨著PFAS科學的進步，人們樂觀地認為它們可以被取代，也可以從環(huán)境中被圍捕和破壞。但賬單將是巨大的。要求發(fā)明這些產(chǎn)品并從中獲利的公司至少支付部分費用并不是不合理的)”可知，短文介紹了PFAS的不良影響，目的是尋求PFAS風險的解決方案。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Exerciseisanintegralpartofahealthylifestyle.Somepreferrunningrightawayinthemorning,whileothersenjoyalateafternoonworkout.____16____Whilethere’sevidencethatlateafternoonistheoptimum(最佳的)timeforaworkout,othertimesalsobringbenefits.Nomatterwhat,thebesttimetoexerciseisthetimethatworksbestforyou.Accordingtoresearch,you’llgetoptimumresultswhenyourbodytemperatureisatitshighest.Formostpeople,that’sbetween4p.m.and5p.m.,thoughsomestudiesextendthistimeto7p.m.____17____Exerciserstendtoperformbetteronphysicalperformancetestsmeasuringaerobiccapacityandreactiontime.Inthemorning,yourbodytemperatureisatthelowestpointoftheday.Thisindicatesthemorningisn’tthebesttimetoexercise.However,runninginthemorningmayhelpkeepyoumotivated.Additionally,earlymorningisthecoolestpartofthedayduringwarmermonths.____18____Whenitcomestochoosingtherighttimeforworkouts,adaptyourroutinetofityourlifestyle.Lettingyourexerciseroutinenaturallyfitintoyourschedulecanrelievethestressoffindingtimetoworkout.____19____Whileyoumaynotfeelnormallylikeworkingoutduringthetimewhenyouareavailable,it’spossibletoadjustyourbiologicalclocktoyourschedule.____20____Forinstance,ifyouaretrainingforamarathon,runninginthemorningcanprepareyoufortheeventbecausemostmarathonsbegininthemorning.Whateversportyouparticipatein,trainingduringthosetimeswillhelpyourbodyperformbetteronthegameday.A.Thiswillhelpyousticktoit.B.Youneedtogetanadequateamountofsleep.C.Itiswithinthesefewhoursthatstrengthandendurancepeak.D.Isthereanyadvantageofexercisingatanyspecifictimeofday?E.You’llbesaferandmorecomfortableifyourunwhenit’snothot.F.Yourexercisetimeshouldagreewiththesportyou’retrainingfor.G.Thisisatopicofmuchdebateamongathletesandexerciseexperts.〖答案〗16.D17.C18.E19.A20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鍛煉的最佳時間，以及如何根據(jù)個人生活方式和訓(xùn)練目標選擇適合的鍛煉時間?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Somepreferrunningrightawayinthemorning,whileothersenjoyalateafternoonworkout.(有些人喜歡一大早就去跑步，而另一些人則喜歡在下午晚些時候鍛煉。)”以及空后“Whilethere’sevidencethatlateafternoonistheoptimum(最佳的)timeforaworkout,othertimesalsobringbenefits.（雖然有證據(jù)表明傍晚是鍛煉的最佳時間，但其他時間也有好處。）”可知，空處的內(nèi)容承上啟下，應(yīng)與鍛煉的時間有關(guān)，D選項“一天中的特定時間鍛煉有什么好處嗎？”符合題意。故選D?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)“Formostpeople,that’sbetween4p.m.and5p.m.,thoughsomestudiesextendthistimeto7p.m.(對于大多數(shù)人來說，這段時間是在下午4點到5點之間，盡管有些研究將這一時間延長到晚上7點。)”可知，大多數(shù)人會在下午四點到五點或者延伸到7點能達到最佳效果。C選項中的“withinthesefewhours”與“between4p.m.and5p.m.”相互呼應(yīng)，C選項“在這些時間段內(nèi)，力量和耐力達到峰值?！闭f明要在這段時間鍛煉的原因，符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)“Additionally,

earlymorningisthecoolestpartofthedayduringwarmermonths.(此外，早晨是較暖月份中一天中最涼快的時間。)”可知，早晨天氣涼爽，鍛煉應(yīng)該是最舒適的。E選項中的“whenit’snothot”與“thecoolestpartoftheday”相互呼應(yīng)，E選項“如果你在不熱的時候跑步，你會更安全、更舒適。”符合題意，故選E。【19題詳析】根據(jù)“Lettingyourexerciseroutinenaturallyfitintoyourschedulecanrelievethestressoffindingtimetoworkout.(讓你的鍛煉計劃自然地融入你的日程安排，可以減輕找到鍛煉時間的壓力。)”可知，讓鍛煉計劃融入日程安排可以更容易堅持下去。A選項中的“This”指代“Lettingyourexerciseroutinenaturallyfitintoyourschedule”；“it”指代“workout”。A選項“這將幫助你堅持下去?！狈项}意。故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)“Whateversportyouparticipatein,trainingduringthosetimeswillhelpyourbodyperformbetteronthegameday.(無論從事哪種運動，在相應(yīng)時間段進行訓(xùn)練能幫助身體在比賽當天發(fā)揮更好。)”可知，鍛煉時間應(yīng)該與所進行的運動類型一致。F選項“你的鍛煉時間應(yīng)與所訓(xùn)練的運動項目相一致?！狈衔囊狻９蔬xF。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）Kate,a6-year-oldgirl,assistedherbrotherinwashingwindowstogetarewardpromisedbyhermother,apurpledollthatshewanted.____21____wasshininginhereyesasshewatchedhermotherorderthedollonline.Thenextday,withKate____22____inquiringabouttheshippingstatus,hermomcouldn’tbutagreetoopenthewebpageandwalkedaway,leavingthelittlegirlwiththe____23____alone.Afterseeingherbeloveddollwouldbesoontoarrive,shewas____24____bysomethingelse,suggestionsaboutotherdollsandtoys.15minutesandafew____25____later,withmorethan$350worthofdollsinhercart,Kate____26____theorderandranofftoplay.Seeingsuchalonglistofdollsonthewaythefollowingdaywasagreat____27____toKate’smother.Shewasableto____28____twoofthem,butitwastoolatefortherest.Itseemedwhatwaslefttodowaswaitingthedollstobe____29____.Justthen,Kate’sfathersuggested_____30_____thedollstothelocalchildren’shospital_____31_____sendingthemback.Katewas_____32_____atfirst,butasshesatwithsomeofthegirlpatients,laughingandplayingwiththedolls,herspirits_____33_____.Seeingthesmilesonthechildren’sfaces,shelearnedavaluable_____34_____aboutthejoyofgiving.Theexperiencetaughtherthatsometimesthebest_____35_____aretheoneswegivetoothers.21.A.Curiosity B.Excitement C.Desire D.Wonder22.A.eagerly B.shyly C.casually D.hesitantly23.A.doll B.order C.screen D.receipt24.A.bored B.attracted C.annoyed D.puzzled25.A.moments B.hours C.clicks D.steps26.A.put B.planned C.took D.placed27.A.shock B.fear C.interest D.relief28.A.send B.pack C.cancel D.buy29.A.sold B.used C.opened D.returned30.A.selling B.donating C.buying D.lending31.A.insteadof B.regardlessofC.inadditiontoD.inspiteof32.A.satisfied B.depressed C.worried D.thrilled33.A.destroyed B.stayed C.lowered D.lifted34.A.lesson B.story C.example D.event35.A.ideas B.secrets C.gifts D.words〖答案〗21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了六歲的凱特趁媽媽不注意，獨自在網(wǎng)上買了價值350美元的洋娃娃，最終將它們送給慈善機構(gòu)，這次經(jīng)歷教會了她，有時最好的禮物是我們送給別人的?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當她看著媽媽在網(wǎng)上訂購洋娃娃時，眼中閃爍著興奮的光芒。A.Curiosity好奇；B.Excitement興奮；C.Desire渴望；D.Wonder驚奇。根據(jù)下文“shewatchedhermotherorderthedollonline.”可知，Kate因為即將得到心愛的洋娃娃而感到興奮。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Kate急切地詢問運輸狀態(tài)，她媽媽不得不同意打開網(wǎng)頁，離開了，把小女孩獨自留在屏幕前。A.eagerly急切地；B.shyly害羞地；C.casually隨意地；D.hesitantly猶豫地。根據(jù)上文“wasshininginhereyesasshewatchedhermotherorderthedollonline.”可知，Kate急切地想知道洋娃娃的運輸狀態(tài)。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天，Kate急切地詢問運輸狀態(tài)，她媽媽不得不同意打開網(wǎng)頁，離開了，把小女孩獨自留在屏幕前。A.doll洋娃娃；B.order訂單；C.screen屏幕；D.receipt收據(jù)。根據(jù)上文“hermomcouldn’tbutagreetoopenthewebpage”可知，Kate被留在電腦屏幕前。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：看到她心愛的洋娃娃即將到來，她被其他洋娃娃和玩具的推薦建議吸引住了。A.bored厭倦的；B.attracted被吸引的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.puzzled困惑的。根據(jù)下文“bysomethingelse,suggestionsaboutotherdollsandtoys”可知，Kate被其他洋娃娃和玩具吸引住了。故選B。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：15分鐘和幾次點擊后，Kate的購物車里有價值超過350美元的洋娃娃，Kate下了訂單，然后跑去玩了。A.moments時刻；B.hours小時；C.clicks點擊；D.steps步驟。根據(jù)下文“withmorethan$350worthofdollsinhercart”可知，Kate通過點擊鼠標添加了很多洋娃娃到購物車里。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：15分鐘和幾次點擊后，Kate的購物車里有價值超過350美元的洋娃娃，Kate下了訂單，然后跑去玩了。A.put放置；B.planned計劃；C.took拿；D.placed下（訂單）。根據(jù)上文“withmorethan$350worthofdollsinhercart”可知，Kate下了訂單。故選D。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天看到這么長的洋娃娃清單對Kate的媽媽來說是一個巨大的震驚。A.shock震驚；B.fear害怕；C.interest興趣；D.relief寬慰。根據(jù)上文“Seeingsuchalonglistofdollsonthewaythefollowingday”可知，Kate的媽媽看到這么多洋娃娃感到震驚。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她能夠取消其中兩個，但對其余的已經(jīng)太晚了。A.send發(fā)送；B.pack打包；C.cancel取消；D.buy購買。根據(jù)上文“butitwastoolatefortherest.”可知，Kate的媽媽取消了其中兩個訂單。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：似乎剩下的事情就是等待洋娃娃被退回。A.sold賣；B.used使用；C.opened打開；D.returned退回。根據(jù)下文“sendingthemback”可知，Kate的媽媽只能等待洋娃娃被退回。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，Kate的父親建議將洋娃娃捐贈給當?shù)氐膬和t(yī)院，而不是退回。A.selling賣；B.donating捐贈；C.buying購買；D.lending借出。根據(jù)下文“tothelocalchildren’shospital”可知，Kate的父親建議捐贈洋娃娃。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：：就在這時，Kate的父親建議將洋娃娃捐贈給當?shù)氐膬和t(yī)院，而不是退回。A.insteadof而不是；B.regardlessof不管；C.inadditionto除了；D.inspiteof盡管。根據(jù)上文“thedollstothelocalchildren’shospital”可知，Kate的父親建議捐贈而不是退回。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：