Unit4TheEarth講義英語七年級上冊

Unit4TheEarthTheamazingplanetTheEarthisanamazingplanet!Someplacesareveryhot,liketheareasneartheequator.Somearefreezingcold,liketheNorthandSouthPoles.Therearefieldsandmountainsriversandseas,forestsanddeserts.ThehighestmountainonEarthisover8800metresabovesealevel.Andthedeepestpartoftheseaismorethan10,000metresdown.TheplantsonEartharewonderfulinmanydifferentways.Thetallesttreesintheworldcanreachover100metresinheight.Thesmallestplantisassmallasagrainofrice.TheEarthishometomillionsofanimals.Some,liketigersandlions,liveonland.Otheranimals,likebirds,enjoythewideopensky.Bigbluewhalescalltheseahome,alongwithmanyamazingfish.Frombearstobirds,frombutterfliestoseahorses,animalsmakeourplanetlovelyandinteresting.Andwhat'smore,theEarthprovidesuswithallthethingsweneed,suchasfood,water,airandenergy.Itisourhomeandtheonlyplanetweknowthatsupportslife.Let'sexplorelearnaboutandtakecareofourhome.【unit4課文詳解+考點解析】amazed對...感到吃驚→amazing令人吃驚的hot熱的，辣的adj→heat加熱v，熱量nhunt打獵[hunter獵人]sealevel海平面；blowaway吹走；generation一代人differentkindsof=allkindsof各種各樣的+名詞復數(shù)形式behometo....的家園；factfile事實檔案；alongwith=togetherwith=aswellas和....【主謂一致】Eg.JohnalongwithJimgoestothepark.providesbwithsth=providesthforsb提供某人某物=givesbsth=givesthtosb=offersbsth=offersthtosbLet’sdosth讓某人做某事explorer探險家nexplore探險vexploration探險nbecoveredwith/by...被...覆蓋，擠滿，充滿asfarasweknow據我們所知cutdown砍下→cutin插嘴→cutup切碎like：?喜歡+todo/doing?例如【=suchas+n/doing/詞組】?像【belike】energy=power能量【不可數(shù)n】→energetic精力充沛的adj→makeenergy制造能量pollution污染n【不可數(shù)】→pollute污染v=make....dirty詞組：airpollution空氣污染；plasticpollution塑料污染protect....fromdoing.....保護...免受....【protection保護n】區(qū)別：keepsb.fromdoing=prevent/stopsb.fromdoing阻止某人做....organization組織norganize組織vorganizer組織者nrubbish=litter=trash垃圾【不可數(shù)】→waste浪費v，廢棄物n【可+s】suggest建議v=advise建議vsuggestion建議（可數(shù)n）=advice（不可數(shù)n）asuggestion=apieceofadvice一個建議suggestdoingsth建議做某事advisesbtodosth建議某人去做某事tryone'sbesttodosth盡最大力做某事trytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth嘗試做某事chemical化學的，化學物質（可數(shù)n）chemistry化學（科目）burn燃燒=set...onfire→burt/burned過去式harm危害nharmful危害的adj→反義詞:helpful有幫助的beharmfulto=doharmto=bebadfor對....有害turn....into....把...變成....turntosbforhelp=asksbforhelp向某人求助stopdoingsth停止正在做.....；stoptodosth停止去做另一件事.....continuedoingsth繼續(xù)做同一事；continuetodosth繼續(xù)做另一事needsth需要....→needtodosth需要去做某事difficult困難的difficulty困難nhavedifficulty（in）doingsth做....有困難careabout在乎關心；carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顧groundwater地下水；sandstorm沙塵暴；desert沙漠on（the）Earth在地球上，究竟【onearth】→ontheland陸地→inthesky在空中→underthewater在水下powerstation發(fā)電站→powerful強大的，有力量的solarpower太陽系putinto/in=throwinto把...倒進/扔進Itisadjforsbtodosth做.....對sb來說.....【adj形容物】Itisadjofsbtodosth做.....對sb來說.....【adj形容人】quiz測試【復數(shù)quizzes】=exam=test→中考：theEntranceExaminationofSeniorHighschoolreport報告【關于用on】→areporton.....partof....部分....→takepartin參加→takeanactivepartin積極參加findout發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明真相infact事實上=actually=asamatteroffact【fact=truth事實，真相】keephealthy/fit=stayhealthy/fit保持健康hurryup快點inahurry匆匆忙忙widely廣泛地width寬度inthefuture在將來→infuture從今以后，往后+將來時paper紙張【不可數(shù)n】→apieceofpaper【newspaper報紙，可數(shù)】sometimes有時，sometimes幾次，幾倍，sometime某個時候，sometime某段時間taketheplaceof代替=insteadof=inplaceofexcept除了...以外【不包含】，besides除了...以外【包含】advantage優(yōu)勢，優(yōu)點→disadvantage缺點，劣勢【可數(shù)】woods叢林，樹林wood木頭Sheisa12yearoldgirl.【定語】→Hetaksa20minutewalk.=Hetakes20minutes'walk.Sheis12yearsold.【表語】opinion觀點=viewpoint→inmyopinion=asfarasI'mconcerned我認為radio廣播【復數(shù)+s】→newspaper報紙【可數(shù)n】→anewspaperthe+外國姓氏復數(shù)=一家人【V復】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●●【unit3語法詳解+考點解析】《語法課：名詞》定義理解：表示人物/事物「sb、sth」的名稱具體分類：●專有名詞：特殊的sb/sth「大寫」●普通名詞：普通的sb/sth▼可數(shù)名詞：【考點】—?變化規(guī)則?表達▼不可數(shù)名詞：【考點】—?類別?表達?物質名詞、抽象名詞━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●可數(shù)名詞：單數(shù)「a，an，the，one」復數(shù)：「變形」━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━R規(guī)則變化：普通情況：+s特殊情況：【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es【學生超帥有意思】輔音+y：把y變成ies元音（ａ、e、i、o、u、）+y：+s→boys以o結尾【有命】：+es；【無命】+s以f/fe結尾的：把f/fe變成ves「刀狼的妻子叫葉子是小偷躲架后」→knife；wolf；wife；leaf；thief；shelf→f/fe變成vesR不規(guī)則變化：元音a變成e：例如man、woman：policemen、policewomen「注意：German德國人；Roman羅馬人；human人類；→→復數(shù)+s」元音oo變ee：例如tooth；foot；goose鵝英法聯(lián)軍a變e；中日兩國不用變，其他國人+s：英國人（English），法國人（French）Englishman；Frenchman；Chinese；Japanese；Americans；Australians全變：child→children；mouse→mice【老鼠】復合名詞：boy/girlstudent【復數(shù)：boy/girlstudents，只變后面】man/womanteacher【復數(shù)：men/womenteachers，前后都要變】單復同形：fish；deer；sheep、Chinese、Japanese形單意復：people人們；family家人；class班級（集體名詞）形復意單：maths數(shù)學；politics政治【學科—V單數(shù)】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●不可數(shù)名詞：分類：液體類，金屬類，時間類，路程類，肉類，......如何表達？①具體量化（詞組：acupofwater）②籠統(tǒng)說法（much,little...）常見的不可數(shù)n:bread面包，news新聞，weather天氣，music音樂，advice建議，courage勇氣，information信息，progress進步，paper紙張，meat肉...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●名詞所有格：“....的”→?名詞單數(shù)'s?名詞復數(shù)'?......of....?....to...ThisisJaneandMary'sroom.【共同擁有，后面?'s】ThisareJane'sandMary'srooms.【各自擁有，各自?'s】★西方節(jié)日不加the，中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日加the【母親/父親節(jié)：Mother'sday/Father'sday】【Teachers'day教師節(jié)，Children'sday兒童節(jié)】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━【部分用to情況】：thekeytothedoor門的鑰匙theanswertothequestion問題的答案theticketto....門票theentranceto....入口━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━寫作指導題目：根據下面表格提示，寫一篇題為"SavingtheEarth"的英文。人類的不明智之舉1.亂伐樹木2.亂扔垃圾3.排放廢棄物導致問題1.土地沙化2.河水變臟3.空氣質量變差4.全球氣溫升高建議你的看法（至少三條）思路點播：1.時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時+現(xiàn)在進行時2.人稱：發(fā)出提倡為主，主語we3.寫作思路：闡述現(xiàn)象→導致問題→提出建議【三段式】