2024屆河南省TOP名校高三下學(xué)期沖刺考試英語試題（二）（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省TOP名校2024屆高三下學(xué)期沖刺考試英語試題（二）第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhowillhaveabirthdaynextThursday?A.Kate. B.Bob. C.Mary.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Bob,we’regoingtohaveasurprisecelebrationforMarynextThursday.It’sherbirthday.Doyouwanttojoinus?M:Cool!IbetIcanbepresentontime,Kate.2.WhathappenedtoMike?A.Hewenttothebank.B.Heranoutofthe$800.C.Hegothisclothesburned.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Betty,I’mdelightedtotellyouIwon$800!W:Wonderful!Mike,butyou’dbettersavesomeofit.M:Save?Ispentit.Itwasburningaholeinmypocket.3.Whatdidthemandojustnowprobably?A.Hewenttohospital. B.Hehelpedanoldman. C.Hewaitedforthewoman.〖答案〗C【原文】M:Lily!Wherehaveyoubeen?Weweresupposedtomeetonehourago.W:Sorry,Jim.Anoldmanwaslyingonthegroundandhadaheartattack.Iofferedtopickhimuptothehospital.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atastore. B.Atahotel. C.Ataschool.〖答案〗B【原文】M:WhatcanIdoforyou?W:It’sfreezingcoldinmyroom.CouldIhaveanotherblanket?M:Sure.Ourroomservicewillsendittoyourroominafewminutes.5.Howwillthewomaninterviewthepainter?A.Inperson. B.Byemail. C.Onthetelephone.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Anothertask...Itisuptometointerviewasuitablepainterfortheschoolmagazine.M:That’sgreat!Willyoumeetthepainterinperson?W:No,it’llbeonthephone.I’vealreadycontactedherbyemail.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatkindofdrinkwouldthewomanlike?A.Coffee. B.Orangejuice. C.Tea.7.Whatisthemanprobably?A.Awaiter. B.Abaker. C.Adeliveryman.〖答案〗6.A7.A【原文】M:Whatwouldyouliketoorder,madam?W:Well,I’llhavesoup,steakandachickensalad.M:Whatkindofsoupwouldyoulike?W:Tomatosoup,please.M:Howdoyouwantyoursteak,rare,mediumorwell-done?W:I’dlikeitmedium.M:Noproblem,madam.Anythingtodrink?Wehavecoffee,teaandorangejuice.W:Acupofcoffee.Iwantitservedwiththemeal.M:OK.Whatwouldyoulikefordessert?W:Orangeicecream,please.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdidtheboythinkofthecarjourney?A.Tiring. B.Unsatisfied. C.Comfortable.9.Howdidtheboyandhisbrothergotothelocalshop?A.Bybike. B.Onfoot. C.Bycar.〖答案〗8.C9.A【原文】W:Hi,Tom,whatdoyouthinkofyourtrip?M:Great!Iwenttoalakesidehousewithmyfamily.W:Howdidyougetthere?M:Mydadvolunteeredtodriveus—finebymeasIlovelongcarjourneys,buthefoundittiring.Anyway,I’dbeenwonderinghowsomanyofuswouldfitintothehousewithalotofluggage.IneedmyownquietplacesometimessothatIcanthinkandread.W:Oh,terrible.M:Butitwasn’taproblemintheendaswehadcomfortablebedroomstospare.Theonlyrealproblemwashowfarwewerefromthelocalshop.Gettingthereturnedouttobethejobofmybrotherandme—onbicycles!聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.10.Howlonghasthewomanbeentryingtoloseweight?A.Foraweek. B.Forthreeweeks. C.Foramonth.11.Whyisthewomaneagertoloseweight?A.Forherwedding. B.Forherbeauty. C.Forherhealth.12.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Controlherdiet. B.Dosomeexercise. C.Starveherself.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’splan?A.Creative. B.Exciting. C.Impractical.〖答案〗10.A11.B12.A13.C【原文】W:Tellyou!I’vebeenstarvingmyselfforaweeknow,butIhaven’tlostapound.M:Doyouattempttoloseweight?W:That’strue.Myfriendisgettingmarriednextmonth,andI’msupposedtobeabridesmaid.Iwanttolooknice,butIhaven’tlostanyweight.M:Youdon’thavetostarveyourselftoloseweight.W:Why?M:Youshouldtrynottoeatfoodshighincalories.Andstayawayfromoilyfood.W:SoyoumeanthatIshouldeat,butIshouldjustwatchwhatIeat,right?M:Yes.Youcanalsotrychickenorfishtoincreaseyourprotein.W:IfIdoallthis,doyouthinkIcanlosetwentypoundsinthreeweeks?M:Don’tcountonit.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.What’soneofthepurposesofholdingtheSandSculptureFestival?A.Tocelebrateaholiday.B.Topromotetourism.C.Toenrichstudents’lives.15.Whendidthefestivalstart?A.OnMay7th. B.OnMay10th. C.OnMay14th.16.Whichsculpturewonfirstplace?A.Anexcellentgorillasculpture.B.Alibraryandculturalcentersculpture.C.Aturtlesculpturewithacastleonitsback.17.WhatistherelationshipbetweenMohamedEhabandNancyKhaled?A.Hostandguest. B.Guideandtourist. C.Schoolmates.〖答案〗14.B15.A16.B17.C【原文】M:Lydia,doyouknowtheSandSculptureFestivalinAlexandria,Egypt?W:Sure,thefour-dayAlexandriaSandSculptureFestivalwasheldtopromotetourismandencourageyoungtalents.ItconcludedontheeveningofMay10th.M:Wasitreallyinteresting?W:Yeah,therewerethirteenparticipants.MohamedEhabfromAlexandriaUniversitywonfirstplace.HissculptureshowedamainlibraryandculturalcenterinAlexandria.M:That’sfantastic.Canyoutellmemore?W:Ofcourse.NancyKhaled,alsofromAlexandriaUniversity,wonsecondplacewithherturtlesculpturewithacastleonitsback.Thethird-placewinnerfromMatrouhUniversitysharedherexcellentbutdifficultexperiencewhilemakinghergorillasculpture.M:That’sanicefestival.W:True.Theeventenrichedstudents’livesandalsoattractedalotofvisitors.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.HowlongdoChinstrappenguinssleepatatime?A.Foraboutfourseconds.B.Foraroundelevenhours.C.Foraweek.19.WhatmakesNielsfeelsurprised?A.Penguinshavenoabilitytofly.B.Chinstrappenguinsmakeitwithmicro-sleeps.C.Femalepenguinsgoofffishingforfamilymeals.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Varietiesofpenguins.B.Researchesintosleep.C.Chinstrappenguins’lifestyle.〖答案〗18.A19.B20.C【原文】W:Penguinsarebirdsthatcannotflybutusetheirwingsforswimming.TheyliveinorneartheAntarctic.ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshortmicro-sleepstotalaround11hourseachday.Themicro-sleepsappeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcher,said“Theireyesopenandshut,andtheydoit24/7forseveralweeksatatime.What’ssurprisingisthatthey’reabletofunctionokayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung,”ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Matedpairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdonotfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthepenguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocksfromnests.So,penguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)acknowledgestheneedsforastrongworkforcetoachievethevisionofimprovingthehealthandwell-beingofpeopleeverywhere.Eachday，ourteamsmeettheemergingchallengesinalltheareasoftheorganization，fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff，andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.PublichealthWeareproudofourpublichealthexperts.Theyareresults-orientedanddriveprogrammesinallareasofhealthandemergencies.Theyareflexibleandworkattheregional，countryandheadquarterslevelstoachievethehigheststandardsofhealththroughevidence-basedprogrammesandgoals.LeadershipWHO’spillarofaccountabilityisheldbyseniorleadershiproles.Theyareourdrivingforceandourfacetothepublic.TheyarecommittedtoupholdingWHO’sroleinourchangingworldandinspiringthenextgenerationofleaders.Thestrongerourleaders，thehealthierourworldwillbe.OperationsOuradministrationisdedicatedtobusinessstrategyandinnovativepractices.WHOrecognizestheimportanceofastrongmanagementadministrationstructure，committedtoenablingpeopletoworktothebestoftheirabilityandoptimizingtheresourcesavailablethroughouttheorganization.EmergencyAtanyonetime，theWHOworkforceisactivelyrespondingtodozensofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksandnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.WHOstaffhaveanessentialroletoplayinsupportingMemberStatestopreparefor，respondtoandrecoverfromemergencieswithpublichealthconsequences.21.FromwhichareacanthereadersknowaboutWHO’sstructure?A.Operations. B.Leadership.C.Emergency. D.Publichealth.22.WhatcanthereadersdointheareaofEmergency?A.Befamiliarwiththehighestgoal.B.Callforhelptosurviveintheflood.C.Submitapreparedbusinessplan.D.Makeanappointmentwithdirectors.23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toadvertise. B.Toentertain.C.Toinstruct. D.Toargue.〖答案〗21.D22.B23.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是關(guān)于世界衛(wèi)生組織的介紹，分為四個(gè)部分：公共衛(wèi)生、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力、運(yùn)營和緊急情況。文章概述了WHO在不同領(lǐng)域的工作重點(diǎn)和目標(biāo)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff,andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.(從高級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)到緊急管理部門員工，從健康專家到數(shù)據(jù)管理員)”可知，WHO的結(jié)構(gòu)包括從高級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)到緊急行政人員，以及從衛(wèi)生專家到數(shù)據(jù)管理者。因此，了解WHO結(jié)構(gòu)的相關(guān)信息可以在Publichealth部分找到，故選D項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Emergency”部分的“Atanyonetime,theWHOworkforceisactivelyrespondingtodozensofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksandnaturaldisastersaroundtheworld.WHOstaffhaveanessentialroletoplayinsupportingMemberStatestopreparefor,respondtoandrecoverfromemergencieswithpublichealthconsequences.(在任何時(shí)候，世衛(wèi)組織工作人員都在積極應(yīng)對(duì)世界各地?cái)?shù)十起傳染病爆發(fā)和自然災(zāi)害。世衛(wèi)組織工作人員在支持會(huì)員國準(zhǔn)備、應(yīng)對(duì)和從具有公共衛(wèi)生后果的緊急情況中恢復(fù)方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用)”可知，在“Emergency”這個(gè)領(lǐng)域，讀者可以在遇到洪水等災(zāi)害時(shí)尋求幫助。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WorldHealthOrganization(WHO)acknowledgestheneedsforastrongworkforcetoachievethevisionofimprovingthehealthandwell-beingofpeopleeverywhere.Eachday,ourteamsmeettheemergingchallengesinalltheareasoftheorganization,fromseniorleaderstoemergencyadministrationstaff,andfromhealthspecialiststodatamanagers.(世界衛(wèi)生組織認(rèn)識(shí)到，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)改善全球人民健康與福祉的愿景，需要一支強(qiáng)大的勞動(dòng)力。每天，我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)都在組織的各個(gè)層面迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)，從高級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)到緊急管理部門員工，再到健康專家和數(shù)據(jù)管理員)”以及“Publichealth(公共衛(wèi)生)”、Leadership(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu))”、“Operations(運(yùn)營機(jī)構(gòu))”等可知，文章主要介紹了世衛(wèi)組織的不同領(lǐng)域及其職責(zé)，包括公共衛(wèi)生、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、運(yùn)營和應(yīng)急等，目的是指導(dǎo)人們了解世衛(wèi)組織的相關(guān)情況。故選C項(xiàng)。BInaheart-poundingdisplayofcourageandquickthinking,a65-year-oldcraneoperatorbecameanunexpectedheroasherescuedamantrappedontopofatoweringbuildingengulfedinflames.GlenEdwards,acraneoperatorfromEgham,wasexpressinghisgratitudeafteratenserescueoperationinReadinglastThursday.Edwardsfoundhimselfinachallengingsituationashenavigatedcirclingwindstosaveamantrappedbysmokeandflamesonabuilding.Thedramaticrescueunfoldedamidthickblacksmoke,makingvisibilitynearlyimpossibleWhenthealarmsounded,Edwards,whohadaconcreteskiponhiscrane,wastednotimethemomenthespottedthedistressedmanwavinghiscoat.Employinghisexperienceandknowledgeofthearea,Edwardsattachedametalcagetothecrane,carefullyconsideringhisoptionsfortherescue.However,thechallengingconditions,withsmokeshelteringhisview,addedanextralayerofdifficultytotheoperation.Withacolleagueprovidingguidanceandaconcernedcrowdwatchingfrombelow,Edwardsskillfullyoperatedthecranetorescuetheman.Theonlookerseruptedincheersandapplauseasthemanwassafelyliftedtotheground.Reflectingontheintenseexperience,Edwardsremarked,“Itseemedtopassalongtimeuntilthemangotinside.Theadrenaline(腎上腺素)waspumping.”Headmittedtoexperiencingshakingaftertherescue,emphasizingthegravityofthesituation.Despitethesuccessfuloperation,Edwardsisyettomeetthemanhesaved,humorouslynoting,“He’sgottotakemeacrosstheroadforadrink!”TheheartwarmingpartofthisstoryistheoverwhelmingsupportEdwardshasreceivedfromwell-wishers.Afund-raisingpagewassetupto“buyEdwardsabeerasasignofgratitude,”initiallyaimingfor￡5,000butnowstandingatanimpressive?9,100.Thecommunity’sresponsehasleftEdwardsdeeplymoved.Hestated,“Itmeansalot;someofthecommentshavebeenabsolutelyfantastic.”24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distressed”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Brave.B.Painful.C.Enthusiastic.D.Disappointed.25.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEdwards?A.WarmandCurious. B.Caringandambitious.C.Professionalandhumorous. D.Giftedandgenerous.26.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Sharptoolsmakegoodwork.B.Onegoodturndescriesanother.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.Hopeforthebest,butpreparefortheworst.27.Whatisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Adiaryentry.B.Amedicalmagazine.C.Anewsreport.D.Afirst-aidessay.〖答案〗24.B25.C26.B27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了起重機(jī)操作員GlenEdwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高樓樓頂?shù)哪凶樱髞硭约阂驳玫搅松鐓^(qū)人們的籌款和大力支持?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Inaheart-poundingdisplayofcourageandquickthinking,a65-year-oldcraneoperatorbecameanunexpectedheroasherescuedamantrappedontopofatoweringbuildingengulfedinflames.(一位65歲的起重機(jī)操作員以驚人的勇氣和敏捷的思維，救出了一名被困在被大火吞噬的高聳建筑頂部的男子，成為了一位意想不到的英雄)”以及第二段“Edwardsfoundhimselfinachallengingsituationashenavigatedcirclingwindstosaveamantrappedbysmokeandflamesonabuilding.(愛德華茲發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個(gè)充滿挑戰(zhàn)的境地，他在盤旋的風(fēng)中拯救了一名被煙霧和火焰困在建筑物上的男子)”可知，這名男子被困在火中，結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，被困在火中的人會(huì)感覺痛苦，劃線詞distressed表示“痛苦的”，與painful意義相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Employinghisexperienceandknowledgeofthearea,Edwardsattachedametalcagetothecrane,carefullyconsideringhisoptionsfortherescue.(利用他在該地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和知識(shí)，愛德華茲在起重機(jī)上安裝了一個(gè)金屬籠，仔細(xì)考慮了他的救援選擇)”、第四段“Edwardsskillfullyoperatedthecranetorescuetheman.(愛德華茲熟練地操作起重機(jī)營救了這名男子)”以及第六段“Despitethesuccessfuloperation,Edwardsisyettomeetthemanhesaved,humorouslynoting,“He’sgottotakemeacrosstheroadforadrink!”(盡管手術(shù)成功了，愛德華茲還沒有見到他救的那個(gè)人，他幽默地說：“他要帶我過馬路去喝一杯！”)”可推知，愛德華茲具備專業(yè)技能，并且具有幽默感。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheheartwarmingpartofthisstoryistheoverwhelmingsupportEdwardshasreceivedfromwell-wishers.Afund-raisingpagewassetupto“buyEdwardsabeerasasignofgratitude,”initiallyaimingfor￡5,000butnowstandingatanimpressive?9,100.Thecommunity’sresponsehasleftEdwardsdeeplymoved.Hestated,“Itmeansalot;someofthecommentshavebeenabsolutelyfantastic.”(這個(gè)故事的感人之處在于愛德華茲得到了來自祝福者的巨大支持。設(shè)立了一個(gè)籌款頁面，“給愛德華茲買一杯啤酒以示感謝”，最初的目標(biāo)是5000英鎊，但現(xiàn)在達(dá)到了令人印象深刻的9100英鎊。社區(qū)的反應(yīng)讓愛德華茲深受感動(dòng)。他說：“這意味著很多；有些評(píng)論非常棒?！?”可知，做了好事的愛德華茲得到了社區(qū)人們的籌款和大力支持。由此推知，好人有好報(bào)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“GlenEdwards,acraneoperatorfromEgham,wasexpressinghisgratitudeafteratenserescueoperationinReadinglastThursday.(來自埃格姆的起重機(jī)操作員格倫·愛德華茲在上周四雷丁緊張的救援行動(dòng)后表達(dá)了他的感激之情)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文報(bào)道了起重機(jī)操作員GlenEdwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高樓樓頂?shù)哪凶?，后來他自己也得到了社區(qū)人們的籌款和大力支持。由此推知，文章出自一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選C項(xiàng)。CNoonecanentirelypredictwheretheartificialintelligence(AI)industryistakingeveryone,butatleasttheAIisreadytoreliablytellyouwhattheweatherwillbelikewhenyougetthere.AccordingtoapaperpublishedinScience,anew,AI-powered10-dayclimateforecastingprogramcalledGraphCastisalreadyoutperformingexistingpredictiontoolsnearlyeverytime.DevelopedbyLam,oneGraphCastteammember,andcolleaguesatGoogleDPMD,thetechnologycompany’sAIresearchdivision,GraphCastistrainedondecadesofhistoricweatherinformationalongsideroughly40yearsofsatellite,weatherstation,andradarreanalysis.Thisstandsinsharpcontrasttowhatareknownasnumericalweatherprediction(NWP)models,whichtraditionallyusemassiveamountsofdataconcerningthermodynamics,fluiddynamics,andotheratmosphericsciences.Allthosedatarequireintensecomputingpower.Ontopofallthat,NWPmodelsareslow—takinghoursforhundredsofmachineswithinasupercomputertoproducetheir10-dayforecasts.GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate,mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.WhenlimitingthescopetoonlytheEarth’stroposphere,thelowestpartoftheatmosphereandhometomostnoticeableweatherevents,GraphCastbeatHRESinanastounding99.7percentoftestvariables.“PioneeringtheuseofAIinweatherforecastingwillbenefitbillionsofpeopleintheireverydaylives,”Lamsaid.HenotedGraphCast’spotentialvitalimportanceamidincreasinglydestroyingeventsresultingfromclimatebreakdown.“Predictingextremetemperaturesisofgrowingimportanceinourwarmingworld,”Lamcontinued.“GraphCastcancharacterizewhentheheatissettoriseabovethehistoricaltoptemperaturesforanygivenlocationonEarth.Thisisparticularlyusefulinanticipatingheatwaves，disruptiveanddangerouseventsthatarebecomingincreasinglycommon.”28.WhatisspecialaboutGraphCast?A.Itistime-honored. B.Itisfastandaccurate.C.Itisnumericalandreliable. D.Itisbasedonatmosphericdata.29.WhichisthekeytothesuccessofGraphCast?A.NWP. B.DPMD. C.HRES. D.TPU.30.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthetext?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byanalyzingrelateddata.C.Byquotinganexpert’swords.D.Bydescribingstudyprocesses.31.WhatisLam’sattitudetowardsGraphCast?A.Uncertain. B.Indifferent. C.Positive. D.Cautious.〖答案〗28.B29.D30.A31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)新的人工智能十天天氣預(yù)報(bào)系統(tǒng)GraphCast?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate，mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.”（與此同時(shí)，GraphCast僅通過一臺(tái)谷歌人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)張量處理單元(TPU)機(jī)器，就能在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)提供高度準(zhǔn)確的中期氣候預(yù)測。在針對(duì)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)NWP系統(tǒng)(高分辨率預(yù)測系統(tǒng)，HRES)的綜合性能評(píng)估中，graphcast在90%以上的測試中證明了更高的準(zhǔn)確性。）可知，GraphCast的特殊性在于它對(duì)天氣的預(yù)測既快速又準(zhǔn)確。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“GraphCast,meanwhile,offershighlyaccurate,mediumrangeclimaticpredictionsinlessthanaminute,allthroughjustoneofGoogle’sAI-poweredmachinelearningtensorprocessingunit(TPU)machines.”（與此同時(shí)，GraphCast僅通過一臺(tái)谷歌人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)張量處理單元(TPU)機(jī)器，就能在不到一分鐘的時(shí)間內(nèi)提供高度準(zhǔn)確的中期氣候預(yù)測。）可知，GraphCast成功的關(guān)鍵是TPU。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisstandsinsharpcontrasttowhatareknownasnumericalweatherprediction(NWP)models，whichtraditionallyusemassiveamountsofdataconcerningthermodynamics,fluiddynamics,andotheratmosphericsciences.Allthosedatarequireintensecomputingpower.Ontopofallthat,NWPmodelsareslow—takinghoursforhundredsofmachineswithinasupercomputertoproducetheir10-dayforecasts.”（這與所謂的數(shù)值天氣預(yù)報(bào)(NWP)模式形成鮮明對(duì)比，后者傳統(tǒng)上使用大量關(guān)于熱力學(xué)、流體動(dòng)力學(xué)和其他大氣科學(xué)的數(shù)據(jù)。所有這些數(shù)據(jù)都需要強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算能力。最重要的是，NWP模型的速度很慢，需要一臺(tái)超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)中的數(shù)百臺(tái)機(jī)器花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)才能產(chǎn)生10天的預(yù)測。）及第三段“Duringacomprehensiveperformanceevaluationagainsttheindustry-standardNWPsystem—theHigh-ResolutionForecast(HRES)—GraphCastprovedmoreaccurateinover90percentoftests.WhenlimitingthescopetoonlytheEarth’stroposphere，thelowestpartoftheatmosphereandhometomostnoticeableweatherevents，GraphCastbeatHRESinanastounding99.7percentoftestvariables.”（在針對(duì)行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)NWP系統(tǒng)(高分辨率預(yù)測系統(tǒng)，HRES)的綜合性能評(píng)估中，GraphCast在90%以上的測試中證明了更高的準(zhǔn)確性。當(dāng)將范圍限制在地球的對(duì)流層時(shí)，GraphCast在99.7%的測試變量中擊敗了HRES，對(duì)流層是大氣的最低部分，也是最明顯的天氣事件的發(fā)生地。）可知，本文主要是將GraphCast和NWP進(jìn)行對(duì)比對(duì)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行展開。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“HenotedGraphCast’spotentialvitalimportanceamidincreasinglydestroyingeventsresultingfromclimatebreakdown.”（他指出，在氣候崩潰導(dǎo)致的破壞性事件日益增多的情況下，GraphCast的潛在重要性至關(guān)重要。）可知，Lam認(rèn)為GraphCast的潛在重要性至關(guān)重要，說明他對(duì)于GraphCast的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C項(xiàng)。DAstudy,publishedinEuropeanHeartJournal,isthefirsttoassesshowdifferentmovementpatternsthroughoutthe24-hourdayarelinkedtohearthealth.Inthisstudy,Britishresearchersanalyzeddatafromsixstudies,involving15,246peoplefromfivecountries,toseehowmovementbehavioracrossthedayisassociatedwithhearthealth.Eachparticipantusedawearabledevice,akeynovelty,ontheirthighs(大腿)tomeasuretheiractivitiesthroughoutthe24-hourdayandhadtheirhearthealthmeasured.Theresearchersidentifiedaseriesofbehaviorsthatmakeupatypical24-hourday,withtimespentdoingmoderate-vigorousactivityprovidingthemostbenefittohearthealth,followedbylightactivity,standingandsleepingcomparedwiththenegativeimpactofsedentary(久坐)behavior.Theteammodeledwhatwouldhappenifanindividualchangedvariousamountsofonebehaviorforanothereachdayforaweek,inordertoestimatetheeffectonhearthealthforeachscenario.Whenreplacingsedentarybehavior,aslittleasfiveminutesofmoderate-vigorousactivityhadanoticeableeffectonhearthealth.Dr.JoBlodgett,firstauthorofthestudy,said,“Thebigtakeawayfromourresearchisthatwhilesmallchangestohowyoumovecanhaveapositiveeffectonhearthealth,intensityofmovementmatters.Themostbeneficialchangeweobservedwastoreplacesittingwithmoderate-vigorousactivity,whichcouldbearun,abriskwalk,orstairclimbing,basicallyanyactivitythatraisesyourheartrateandmakesyoubreathefaster,evenforaminuteortwo.”Dr.JoBlodgettalsopointedoutthatalthoughtimespentdoingvigorousactivitywasthequickestwaytoimprovehearthealth,therearewaystobenefitforpeopleofallabilities—it’sjustthatthelowertheintensityoftheactivity,thelongerthetimeisrequiredtostarthavingareliablebenefit.Usingastandingdeskforafewhoursadayinsteadofasittingdesk,forexample,isnotonlyachangeoverarelativelylargeamountoftimebutisalsoonethatcouldbecombinedintoaworkingroutinefairlyeasilyasitdoesnotrequireanytimecommitment.32.Whyisawearabledevicementionedinparagraph2?A.Tosuggestthestudy’screativity.B.Tostresstheimportanceofmeasuring.C.Toexplainthebasisofsixstudiesconcerned.D.Tointroducethevariousmovementpatterns.33.Whichhastheworsteffectonhearthealthaccordingtothetext?A.Standing. B.Sleeping.C.Climbingstairs. D.Sedentarybehavior.34.WhichstatementwillDr.JoBlodgettprobablyagreewith?A.Wehadbetteravoidspendingtimeonvigorousexercise.B.Smallchangesthewayyouexercisecountmostforhearthealth.C.Thestandingdeskforafewhoursadayoutweighsasittingone.D.Thelowerthestrengthoftheexercise，thebetterforhearthealth.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thatanyactivityisbetterforyourheartthansedentarybehavior.B.Thesuitableexercisescheduleofaday.C.Thatchangingexerciseroutineeverydayinaweekmatters.D.Therelationshipbetweenexercisepatternsandhearthealth.〖答案〗32.A33.D34.C35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了發(fā)表在《歐洲心臟雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究：通過評(píng)估24小時(shí)內(nèi)不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)模式與心臟健康的關(guān)系，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)任何運(yùn)動(dòng)都比久坐有利于心臟健康，尤其是中等強(qiáng)度的活動(dòng)?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Eachparticipantusedawearabledevice,akeynovelty,ontheirthighs(大腿) tomeasuretheiractivitiesthroughoutthe24-hourdayandhadtheirhearthealthmeasured.(每個(gè)參與者在他們的大腿上上使用一個(gè)可穿戴設(shè)備，這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的新奇事物，來測量他們?cè)?4小時(shí)內(nèi)的活動(dòng)，并測量他們的心臟健康狀況。)”可推知，此處提及一個(gè)可穿戴設(shè)備意在表明該研究的創(chuàng)新之處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresearchersidentifiedaseriesofbehaviorsthatmakeupatypical24-hourday,withtimespentdoingmoderate-vigorousactivityprovidingthemostbenefittohearthealth,followedbylightactivity,standingandsleepingcomparedwiththenegativeimpactofsedentary(久坐)behavior.(研究人員確定了一系列構(gòu)成典型的24小時(shí)的行為，從事中等強(qiáng)度活動(dòng)的時(shí)間對(duì)心臟健康的益處最大，其次是輕度活動(dòng)、站立和睡眠，與久坐行為的負(fù)面影響相比。)”可知，久坐不動(dòng)對(duì)心臟健康有最壞的影響。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四、五段內(nèi)容特別是第五段中“Usingastandingdeskforafewhoursadayinsteadofasittingdesk,forexample,isnotonlyachangeoverarelativelylargeamountoftimebutisalsoonethatcouldbecombinedintoaworkingroutinefairlyeasilyasitdoesnotrequireanytimecommitment.(例如，每天用幾個(gè)小時(shí)的站立式辦公桌來代替坐著的辦公桌，這不僅是一種相對(duì)較長時(shí)間的改變，而且還可以很容易地融入到日常工作中，因?yàn)樗恍枰魏螘r(shí)間的投入。)”可推知，JoBlodgett博士認(rèn)為每天使用站立式辦公桌幾個(gè)小時(shí)對(duì)心臟健康有利。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是第三段“Whenreplacingsedentarybehavior,aslittleasfiveminutesofmoderate-vigorousactivityhadanoticeableeffectonhearthealth.(當(dāng)取代久坐不動(dòng)的行為時(shí)，只需5分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)就能對(duì)心臟健康產(chǎn)生顯著影響。)”以及第四段““Thebigtakeawayfromourresearchisthatwhilesmallchangestohowyoumovecanhaveapositiveeffectonhearthealth,intensityofmovementmatters.Themostbeneficialchangeweobservedwastoreplacesittingwithmoderate-vigorousactivity,whichcouldbearun,abriskwalk,orstairclimbing,basicallyanyactivitythatraisesyourheartrateandmakesyoubreathefaster,evenforaminuteortwo.(“我們的研究得出的重要結(jié)論是，雖然運(yùn)動(dòng)方式的微小改變對(duì)心臟健康有積極影響，但運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度很重要?！蔽覀冇^察到的最有益的改變是用中等強(qiáng)度的活動(dòng)取代坐著，可以是跑步、快走或爬樓梯，基本上是任何能提高你的心率、讓你呼吸更快的活動(dòng)，即使是一兩分鐘?！?”以及第五段“Dr.JoBlodgettalsopointedoutthatalthoughtimespentdoingvigorousactivitywasthequickestwaytoimprovehearthealth,therearewaystobenefitforpeopleofallabilities—it’sjustthatthelowertheintensityoftheactivity,thelongerthetimeisrequiredtostarthavingareliablebenefit.(Dr.JoBlodgett還指出，盡管花時(shí)間進(jìn)行劇烈運(yùn)動(dòng)是改善心臟健康的最快方法，但也有對(duì)各種能力的人都有益的方法——只是運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度越低，開始獲得可靠益處所需的時(shí)間越長。)”以及文章其他段落的內(nèi)容可知作者在本文中主要強(qiáng)調(diào)了在心臟健康方面任何運(yùn)動(dòng)都比久坐有利。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallknowsomeonewhoseemsunabletocontroltheirspendingormakegoodfinancialdecisions.Whenthatpersonissomeoneyoucareabout,it’sunderstandabletowanttohelpthembettermanagetheirmoney.___36___Ifyoufeelalittleoutofyourdepth,let’stakealookatsomewaystohelpoutalovedonewhoisn’tgreatwiththeirmoney,withoutmakinganyoneuncomfortable.Listenwithoutjudgment.___37___Ratherthancomingatsomeonewithcriticismorlecturingtryhavinganopenconversationtobetterunderstandtheirunderlyingfeelingsandperceptionsaboutmoneysoyoucandeterminethebestwaystohelp.Helpthemsetfinancialgoals.Askhowtheywouldliketheirfinancialsituationtobedifferentinanidealworld.___38___Writethesedownanddeterminewhatinitialstepstheycantaketostartworkingtowardsthesegoals.Offertoperiodicallyreviewprogresswithoutjudgment.Rememberthatyou’renottheirfin