寒假分層作業(yè)10閱讀還原專練（五選四）

限時練習：40min完成時間：月日天氣：作業(yè)10閱讀還原（五選四）閱讀還原（五選四）答題技巧1.首先快速瀏覽本題的全文，熟識該文章是關(guān)于哪方面的，什么題材，然后做到心中有數(shù)。2.認真研讀五個選項，最好分析句子成份，達到句意通透。3.從頭細讀短文，特別注意標題和段首，尤其是把空格的前句和后句必須理解透徹，因為五個選項之一肯定會有和本空的上下文意思極度相似的選項，從而判斷是否是本空的答案。我們也可以運用代入法，把相似的選項帶入題中，然后用排除法排除與本段意義分歧較大的選項。4.最后把所選的答案帶入短文的空中，再快速閱讀全文，檢查每個段落之間是否通順，過渡自然。閱讀還原題型也是一個綜合性閱讀題型，所以要求學生要加強平時對閱讀題型的基本功訓練。Passage1(山東濰坊·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Everytimeyou’reonline,youarebombarded(如炮轟)bypictures,articles,linksandvideostryingtotelltheirstory.1.Readthesetips,anddon’tgetfooledbyfakenews!1.Checkthesource(來源)2.Doesitlookreal?Isthetextwellwritten?Fakenewswebsitesoftenuseaddressesthatsoundlikerealnewspapers,butdon’thavemanyrealstoriesaboutothertopics.2.WatchoutforfakephotosManyfakenewsstoriesuseimages(圖像)thatarephotoshoppedortakenfromanunrelatedsite.Sometimes,ifyoujustlookcloselyatanimage,youcanseeifithasbeenchanged.OruseatoollikeGoogleReverseImagesearch.3.3Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisn’tfake(althoughtherearesomeexceptions).4.LookforothersignsThereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.TheseincludeusingALLCAPS(全大寫)andlotsofadsthateoutwhenyouclickonalink.4.Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry,it’sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry.Ifyouknowthesethingsaboutonlinenews,andcanusetheminyoureverydaylife,thenyouhavethecontroloverwhattoreadandwhattobelieve.Ifyoufindanewsstorythatyouknowisfake,themostimportantadviceis:don’tshareit!根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項，選項中有一項為多余選項。A．CheckthestoryinotherplacesB．Unluckily,notallofthesestoriesaretrueC．FakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfasterD．Also,thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeelE．Lookatthewebsitewherethestoryesfrom【答案】1．B2．E3．A4．D【分析】本文主要是就如何不被網(wǎng)上虛假的信息所愚弄而提供了一些建議。1．根據(jù)“Readthesetips,anddon’tgetfooledbyfakenews”可知，并不是所有的信息都是真實的，所以建議人們不要被這些虛假的信息所欺騙，B選項“不幸的是，并非所有這些故事都是真的”符合，故選B。2．根據(jù)本段標題“Checkthesource”可知，要檢查這些信息來自哪里，E選項“看看這個故事來自的網(wǎng)站”符合，故選E。3．根據(jù)“Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust”可知，看看是否在其他的地方看到同樣的故事，A選項“看看這個在其他地方的故事”符合，故選A。4．根據(jù)“Ifthenewsstorymakesyouangry,it’sprobablydesignedtomakeyouangry”可知，此處應描述這個故事給你帶來的感覺，D選項“同時，想想這個故事給你的感覺”符合，故選D。Passage2（2022·山東臨沂·統(tǒng)考中考真題）TheBirdMaskToday,doctorsknowalotabouthowtostopgerms(病菌)fromspreading.Theysuggestpeoplecovertheirmouthswhentheycough.Washingyourhandsoftenalsohelps.However,peoplehaven’talwaysknownaboutgerms.Formanyyears,evendoctorsdidn’treallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.5Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.In1619,theFrenchdoctor,CharlesdeLorme,inventedaspecialuniform.Hehopeditcouldprotectdoctorswhoweretreatingplague(瘟疫)patients.Theuniformhadalongcoat,gloves,boots(靴子)andahat.Thedoctorsalsocarriedstickssotheywouldn’thavetotouchthepatients.Themostspecialpartoftheuniformwasthemask(面具).6Ithadabeak(鳥嘴)thatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoweredinglassandtwonostril(鼻孔)holes.Atthattime,doctorsbelievedtheplaguewasspreadbybadair.Anyairthathadabadsmellwasdangerous.7Theybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadairandtheywouldn’tgetsickbecauseoftheplague.Diditwork?Well,notreally.Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair,andtheflowersweren’tabletostopthem.8Someformsofplagueonlyspreadthroughcertainanimalssuchasmice.Thedoctors’uniformhelpedtoprotectthemfromthisdanger.However,largelythecoat,gloves,bootsandhatdidthejob,notthebirdmask.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。A．Thebirdmaskhelpedtoprotectthedoctorsfromthisdanger.B．Manydoctorsstillgotsickbybreathingthroughthenostrilholesintheirmasks.C．Themaskmadethedoctorslooklikebirds.D．Sothedoctorsputflowersinthebeakoftheirmasks.E．Theydidmanythingstoavoidgettingsick.【答案】5．E6．C7．D8．B【導語】本文主要介紹了在過去，包括醫(yī)生在內(nèi)的人都不知道病菌是如何傳播的。于是在1619年，有醫(yī)生發(fā)明了鳥形的面罩來阻止病菌傳播。事實上，由跳蚤和嚙齒動物傳播的瘟疫并不是依靠面罩，而是依靠包裹醫(yī)生全身的外套、手套、靴子和帽子來阻止的。5．根據(jù)前句“Formanyyears,evendoctorsdidn’treallyunderstandhowillnessesspread.”和后句“Somedoctorseventrieddressinglikebirds.”可知，此處指醫(yī)生嘗試了很多阻止病菌傳播的方法，E項“他們做了很多事情來避免生病”符合語境。故選E。6．根據(jù)后句“Ithadabeak(鳥嘴)thatwasabout15cmlong.Therewerealsotwoeyeholescoweredinglassandtwonostril(鼻孔)holes.”可知，此處是在描述面具，且與鳥有關(guān)，C項“面具使醫(yī)生看起來像鳥”符合語境。故選C。7．根據(jù)后句“Theybelievedthiscouldstopthemfrombreathingthebadair…”和下文中的“andtheflowersweren’tabletostopthem.”可知，此處指在面具里放花來防止吸入壞空氣，D項“所以醫(yī)生在他們面具的鳥嘴上放了花”符合語境。故選D。8．根據(jù)“Certainlythegermssometimestraveledthroughtheair,andtheflowersweren’tabletostopthem.”可知，此處指通過空氣傳播的病菌會使人生病，B項“很多醫(yī)生仍然通過面具中的鼻孔呼吸而生病”符合語境。故選B。Passage3（2022上·山東淄博·九年級統(tǒng)考期末）Haveyoueverbeensoworriedaboutsomethingthatyouhaveaheadacheorevencan’tsleepatnight?Thenyoucan’tpayenoughattentionduringatestorinyourstudy.9Youareworriedtoomuchaboutsomething.Thebadfeelinginyourmindcanmakeyouangry,sadorscared.Itcanevengiveyouastomachacheoraheadache.However,somekindofstressisgood.Excitementmighthappenwhenyouarecalledtogiveaspeechatschool.Youfeelnervousbutexcited.10Andyoumaydoabetterjobinyourtestifthestresspushesyoutopreparemorebeforehand(預先).Ontheotherhand,badstresscanlastlongifyouareunabletosolveyourproblems.Youmaynotfeelwell,ifyourparentsarehavingaquarrel,ifafamilymemberisbadlyill,ifyou’redoingpoorlyatschool,orifanythingelsemakesyouunhappy.11Anditcanactuallyletyoudoworseinyourdailylife.12Makesureyougetenoughsleepandeatproperly.Havesomeregularexercise.Youshouldtakesometimeforfun.Getadvicefromyourparents,teachersandfriends.Soonafterthat,you’llprobablygetawaywithyourstress.A．Ifso,thenyouknowthatisstress.B．You’llsucceedifyoutryyoubest.C．Thiskindofstressisnotgoingtohelpyou.D．Thiskindofstresscanhelpyoutogetthingswelldone.E．Thebestwaytofightthestressistohaveabalanced(平衡的)life.【答案】9．A10．D11．C12．E【導語】本文主要講述什么是壓力，壓力的類型和如何緩解壓力。9．根據(jù)“Haveyoueverbeensoworriedaboutsomethingthatyouhaveaheadacheorevencan’tsleepatnight?Thenyoucan’tpayenoughattentionduringatestorinyourstudy.”可知，你是否曾經(jīng)因為擔心某件事而頭疼，甚至晚上睡不著覺？然后你就不能在考試或?qū)W習中集中足夠的注意力。此處介紹一些壓力的表現(xiàn)，選項A“如果是這樣，那你就知道那是壓力。”符合語境，故選A。10．根據(jù)“Andyoumaydoabetterjobinyourtestifthestresspushesyoutopreparemorebeforehand(預先).”可知，如果壓力促使你提前做更多準備，你可能會在考試中做得更好。此處介紹一些好的壓力，選項D“這種壓力可以幫助你把事情做好?！狈险Z境，故選D。11．根據(jù)“Youmaynotfeelwell,ifyourparentsarehavingaquarrel,ifafamilymemberisbadlyill,ifyou’redoingpoorlyatschool,orifanythingelsemakesyouunhappy.”可知，如果你的父母吵架了，如果一個家庭成員病得很重，如果你在學校表現(xiàn)不好，或者其他任何讓你不開心的事情，你可能會感覺不舒服。此處介紹一些不好的壓力，選項C“這種壓力對你沒有幫助?！狈险Z境，故選C。12．根據(jù)“Makesureyougetenoughsleepandeatproperly.Havesomeregularexercise.Youshouldtakesometimeforfun.”可知，確保你有足夠的睡眠和合理的飲食。有規(guī)律的鍛煉。你應該找點時間好好玩玩。此處給出一些建議，選項E“對抗壓力的最好方法就是擁有一個平衡的生活?！狈险Z境，故選E。Passage4（2023·山東臨沂·統(tǒng)考二模）RecentlyayoungP.E.teacherinamiddleschoolinHangzhouvolunteeredtoworkasaheadteacher(班主任)andhasbeendoingthejobforovermonthsunderpressure,ofcourse.13SomefearedthattheP.E.teacher,Ms.Su,maynotknowthemainsubjectswell,whichmightnegatively(負面地)influencestudents’studies.Thisisbecause,traditionally,studentsinacertainclassareinfluencedbythemajor(專業(yè)課)oftheirheadteacher.14Sometimes,physics,chemistry,historyorpoliticsteachersdothisjob.OthersexpressedtheirsupportforMs.Su.Theysaidthatwithlesspressureinteaching,P.E.teacherwouldpaymoreattentiontoclassmanagement,andbemorepatientandcaringwithstudents.Ms.SuexplainedinaninterviewthatshemajoredinP.E.atuniversitywhileshetooklessonsintheartsandscience,too.Shewassureshecouldsuccessfullymanageherclass.ThenewssoonbecameahottopicontheInternet.Manypeoplesharedtheirstoriesandideasonthistopic:“OurheadteacherinhighschoolwasaP.E.teacher.Ouraveragescore(平均分)ineverytestwashigherthanthatinotherclasses.15Maybethatiswhywemadegreatprogress.”“Ioncehadamusicteacherthatbecameaheadteacher.Shewaspopularamongthekids.Shewashumorousandenergetic,16”“Asaparent,itmaynotfeelsogoodifakidisinaclasswithaheadteacherwhoteachesP.E.,becauseitseemsthattheschooldoesnotpaymuchattentiontothisclass.”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項。有一項多余。A．Welikedherverymuchandwouldfollowheradvice.B．Mostheadteachersaredirectlychosenbytheirschools.C．Buthewasstricterwithusthananyoftheotherheadteachers.D．InChina,usuallyChinese,Englishandmathteachersarechosentobeheadteachers.E．Parentsofthestudentsinherclasshadaheated(激烈的)discussionaboutitwhenthenewsfirstcameout.【答案】13．E14．D15．C16．A【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一位體育老師擔任了某中學的班主任，大家對此事提出了不同的看法。13．根據(jù)下文“SomefearedthattheP.E.teacher,Ms.Su,maynotknowthemainsubjectswell,whichmightnegatively(負面地)influencestudents’studies.”和“OthersexpressedtheirsupportforMs.Su.”可知，此處的內(nèi)容起到啟下的作用，引出大家對此事有著不同的看法。選項E“消息一出來，她班上學生的家長就此事展開了熱烈的討論”符合語境。故選E。14．根據(jù)“Thisisbecause,traditionally,studentsinacertainclassareinfluencedbythemajor(專業(yè)課)oftheirheadteacher.”可知，某個班級的學生會受到班主任專業(yè)的影響。選項D“在中國，通常選擇語文、英語和數(shù)學教師擔任班主任”符合語境。故選D。15．根據(jù)上文“Ouraveragescore(平均分)ineverytestwashigherthanthatinotherclasses.”和“Maybethatiswhywemadegreatprogress.”可知，此處的內(nèi)容為與某體育老師嚴格的教學相關(guān)。選項C“但他對我們比其他任何校長都嚴格”符合語境。故選C。16．根據(jù)“Ioncehadamusicteacherthatbecameaheadteacher.Shewaspopularamongthekids.Shewashumorousandenergetic”可知，該音樂老師非常受歡迎。選項A“我們很喜歡她，也會聽從她的建議”符合語境。故選A。Passage5（2023·山東淄博·統(tǒng)考二模）Whenthinkingofesports(電子競技),peopleusuallyimagineateenageboy,sittinginfrontofaputerforhours,days,andevenweeks.Hewearsglassesandisoutofshape.Hepayslittleattentiontohisschoolworkorfamily.Butthingsarequitedifferentnow.17Those,whosucceedasesportsstars,saythatplayershavetobehealthyinmind,bodyandspiritiftheywanttodowellinthisfield.ThegameDotaisoneexample.Thisgamehasalreadycreatedaculturearounditself.Andmanypeoplesayitisprovidingrealbenefits(益處)forplayers.Dotaisplayedinteams.18Noplayerscansucceedalone,andteamsthatarecohesive(有凝聚力的)certainlyhaveanadvantageoverothers.Itisreallyagoodplaceforplayerstolearntoworkwellwithothers.Supportersofesportsalsosaytheyprovideausefulwayforyoungpeopletodealwithstress.“19Ithinkitisamuchbetterwaytorelaxthandrinkingandsmoking,”saidLi,aDotaplayer.Onechallengetheesportsplayersfaceistheopposition(反對)fromtheirparentsandteachers.Mostplayers’parentsandteachersareworriedthattheirchildren’sschoolworkwillbeinfluencedbadlybyplayingthosegamestoooften.“20Thosehoursspentinfrontofaputercanbeeaninvestment(投資)inthefutureifwetaketherightstepstobalancestudiesandgames,”saidLi.A．Iwanttobeaputerprogrammersomeday.B．PlayingDotacanreallyhelpusdealwithstress.C．Thatmeansplayingitrequiresagreatdealofteamwork.D．Moreandmoreyoungpeopleareseemgesportsasafuturecareer.E．Asforme,esportsarereallyaboutmuchmorethanjustwastingtimeinfrontofaputer.【答案】17．D18．C19．B20．E【導語】本文主要是對電子競技的介紹，作者認為電子競技不僅僅是電腦面前浪費時間，如果我們可以平衡學習和游戲，花在電腦前的時間可以成為在未來的投資。17．根據(jù)后句“Those,whosucceedasesportsstars,saythatplayershavetobehealthyinmind,bodyandspiritiftheywanttodowellinthisfield.”（那些成功成為電子競技明星的人說，如果玩家想在這個領(lǐng)域取得好成績，就必須身心健康。）可知，空處應是說和電子競技有關(guān)的職業(yè)。選項D“越來越多的年輕人將電子競技視為未來的職業(yè)?！狈险Z境。故選D。18．根據(jù)后句“Noplayerscansucceedalone,andteamsthatarecohesive(有凝聚力的)certainlyhaveanadvantageoverothers.Itisreallyagoodplaceforplayerstolearntoworkwellwithothers.”（沒有一個球員能夠獨自取得成功，有凝聚力的球隊肯定比其他球隊更有優(yōu)勢。）可知，空處應是說比賽中團隊合作的作用。選項C“這意味著比賽需要大量的團隊合作?！狈险Z境。故選C。19．根據(jù)前句“Supportersofesportsalsosaytheyprovideausefulwayforyoungpeopletodealwithstress.”（電子競技的支持者還表示，電子競技為年輕人應對壓力提供了一種有用的方式。）可知，空處應是說和電子競技應對壓力有關(guān)的話題。選項B“玩Dota確實可以幫助我們應對壓力?！狈险Z境。故選B。20．根據(jù)后句“‘Thosehoursspentinfrontofaputercanbeeaninvestment(投資)inthefutureifwetaketherightstepstobalancestudiesandgames,’saidLi.”（“如果我們采取正確的措施來平衡學習和游戲，那么花在電腦前的時間可以成為未來的投資?！崩钫f。）可知，空處應是說電子競技的好處。選項E“對我來說，電子競技不僅僅是在電腦前浪費時間?！狈险Z境。故選E。Passage6（2023·山東淄博·統(tǒng)考二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后面的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項是多余項。TellingChinesestoriestotheworldisaresponsibilityforthoseofuswhocanspeakEnglish.Ifyouwanttotelltheworlda“Chinesestory”,whatwouldyouchoosetotalkabout?Studentsataspeakingpetitionofferedtheirownanswers.21Thistopicshowedstrongconfidenceinourowncountry.22SomeofthemtalkedaboutChinesetraditionalstories,suchasConfucius’travels.Otherspreferredmoremodernstories,suchastheBeltandRoad(一帶一路).Butmostcontestantschosetosharepersonalstories.Forexample,onecontestanttalkedabouthowhismotherworkedhardtoraisehim.23MidAutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthinChineselunarcalendar.ButinNingbo,itisonthe16thday.Onestudenttoldastorytoexplainthis.DuringtheSongDynasty,apersonnamedShiHaowouldgotoNingboandcelebratethefestivalwithhismothereveryyear.24Tohissurprise,everyonetherewaswaitingforhimtocelebrate.Thestoryshowstheimportanceoffamilyreunions(團聚)inChineseculture.WebelievetellingstoriesisagoodwaytohelpforeignersunderstandChinabetter.A．Butoneyear,hewaslateandreturnedonthe16thdayoftheeighthlunarmonth.B．WeshouldloveourChineseculture.C．Thecontestants(參賽者)chosedifferenttypesofstories.D．Chinesecultureisalsoagoodchoicetoshare.E．ThetopicofthepetitionwasAChineseStoryIWanttoTelltheWorld.【答案】21．E22．C23．D24．A【導語】本文介紹了一次以“我想告訴世界的中國故事”為主題的英文演講比賽，說明向世界講述中國故事是我們這些會說英語的人的責任。21．根據(jù)空后一句“Thistopicshowedstrongconfidenceinourowncountry”，可知這里需明確演講比賽的主題，選項E“比賽的主題是‘我想告訴世界的中國故事’”符合語境，故選E。22．根據(jù)空后一句“SomeofthemtalkedaboutChinesetraditionalstories,suchasConfucius’travels”，結(jié)合前文“Ifyouwanttotelltheworlda‘Chinesestory’,whatwouldyouchoosetotalkabout”，可知參賽者可講述各種故事，選項C“參賽者選擇不同類型的故事”符合語境，故選C。23．根據(jù)空后一句“MidAutumnFestivalfallsonthe15thdayoftheeighthmonthinChineselunarcalendar”，可知本段介紹和中華文化相關(guān)的故事主題，選項D“中國文化也是一個很好的分享選擇”符合語境，故選D。24．根據(jù)上下文“DuringtheSongDynasty,apersonnamedShiHaowouldgotoNingboandcelebratethefestivalwithhismothereveryyear…Tohissurprise,everyonetherewaswaitingforhimtocelebrate”，可推測石浩在中秋節(jié)那天沒有到家，選項A“但有一年，他遲到了，在農(nóng)歷八月十六日回來”符合語境，故選A。Passage7（2023·山東淄博·統(tǒng)考二模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后面選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。其中有一項為多余項。Studentstodayarereallybusy.Theyhavehomeworktodo,projectstopleteandafterschoolclassestoattend.Asaresult,manyofthemdon’thaveenoughsleepandliveanimbalancedlifestyle.Therefore,whatcanwedotosolvethisproblem?HereI’llsharesomewaytohelpyoufeelbetterinbusylives.Setoutaweeklytimetable.Fillyourcalendarwithalltasksyouneedtofinishthisweek.Byfollowingwhatyourcalendarsays,youwillfromagoodhabit.Usesuitablemethodsinlearning.Thefollowingmethodswillhelpyoualot.25Solveyourproblemsofknowledgepointsrightaway.pleteyourhomeworkbeforethetimethatteachersrequired.Previewnewknowledgepointsbeforeclass.Askothersforhelpifyouhavesomeproblems.Youmayhavedifficultyinlearningandmanypeoplearoundyoucangiveyouahand.26Yourteachermayexplaintheproblemsmuchmoreclearly.Besidesthesepeople,theInternetcanalsohelpyoualot.27Sometimesyoulosemotivation(動力)becauseyoupaytoomuchattentiontotheresults.It’snecessarytorememberthatthegoalisprogress,notresults.Concentrateonmakingprogress,andyou’llachievegoalsovertime.Valuetheimportanceofsleepandexercise.Sleepandexercisecanimprovememoryandmakeyoulearnbetter.28Ifyouwanttobeatopstudent,youmustmakesureyouhaveastrongbodyatfirst.A．Concentrateonachievingprogress,notresults.B．Theycanalsomakepeoplestrongandhealthy.C．Youcanaskyourclassmatesoryourfriendsforhelp.D．Reviewwhatyouhavelearnedinthedaytimeintime.E．Youcanuseyourownmethodbecauseeveryoneisdifferent.【答案】25．D26．C27．A28．B【導語】本文主要講述了如今的學生真的很忙，并分享了在繁忙的生活中幫助自己感覺更好的一些方法。25．根據(jù)后文“Solveyourproblemsofknowledgepointsrightaway.pleteyourhomeworkbeforethetimethatteachersrequired.Previewnewknowledgepointsbeforeclass.”可知說的是及時復習，D項“及時復習白天所學的知識”符合語境，故選D。26．根據(jù)前文“Askothersforhelpifyouhavesomeproblems.Youmayhavedifficultyinlearningandmanypeoplearoundyoucangiveyouahand.”可知說的是尋求幫助，C項“你可以向你的同學或朋友尋求幫助?！狈险Z境。故選C。27．根據(jù)后文“Sometimesyoulosemotivation(動力)becauseyoupaytoomuchattentiontotheresults.”可知說的是不要過于關(guān)注結(jié)果，A項“專注于取得進展，而不是結(jié)果?！狈险Z境，故選A。28．根據(jù)前文“Valuetheimportanceofsleepandexercise.Sleepandexercisecanimprovememoryandmakeyoulearnbetter.”可知，說的是睡眠和鍛煉的重要性。B項“他們也可以使人強壯和健康”符合語境。故選B。