高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空及完型填空講義

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載新思維教育學(xué)科教師講義講義編號(hào):副校長(zhǎng)/組長(zhǎng)簽字：簽字日期：學(xué)員編號(hào)：年級(jí)：高三課時(shí)數(shù)：3課時(shí)學(xué)員姓名：輔導(dǎo)科目：英語(yǔ)學(xué)科教師：陶毅森課題高考英語(yǔ)題型分析及示例課型□預(yù)習(xí)課□同步課□復(fù)習(xí)課□習(xí)題課課次授課日期及時(shí)段2014年4月24日19：00—21：00a.m./p.m.（A/B/C/D/E/F）教學(xué)目的（1）語(yǔ)法填空解題技巧及題目練習(xí)；（2）完形填空解題步驟、技巧及題目練習(xí)；（4）高考高頻詞匯記憶；（5）每日文段背誦。重難點(diǎn)教學(xué)內(nèi)容【語(yǔ)法填空技巧】根據(jù)短文前后意思，分析空白處所填詞語(yǔ)的詞性，如冠詞（a/an/the）、介詞（in/on/of/after/before,etc）、從句引導(dǎo)詞（who/what/where/when/how,etc）及特殊語(yǔ)境詞匯，即根據(jù)意思填寫。把握短文整體時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，遇到動(dòng)詞時(shí)運(yùn)用正確時(shí)態(tài)，無(wú)非就是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（V+ing）、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)加s或es）、一般過(guò)去時(shí)（加ed或特殊詞匯過(guò)去式）、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（have/has+done）、一般將來(lái)時(shí)等，還有就是會(huì)運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞的名詞形式。遇到名詞時(shí)，大部分時(shí)候是考察單復(fù)數(shù)（注意各種名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)問(wèn)題）。遇到形容詞時(shí)，注意是否為比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)的考察，或是副詞形式的考察。InAfrica,whentheantelopewakesupeverymorning,thefirstthing___1____comesintohismindis,“Imustbeabletorun___2____(fast)thanthefastestlion,___3____Iwillbekilledbyalion.”Andatjustthesametime,thelion___4____(wake)outofhisdream,andthefirstthing___5____(flash)intohismindis:“Imustbeabletocatchupwiththeslowestantelope,otherwiseIwillstarveto___6____(dead).”Soalmostatthesamemoment___7____theantelopeandthelionjumptotheirfeet,andstart___8____(run)towardtherisingsun.Suchislife___9____youareanantelopeoralion,yououghttodashforwardwithout___10____(hesitate)whenthesunrises1.that2.faster3.or(else)/otherwise4.wakes5.flashing6.death7.both8.running9.whether10.hesitation【完形填空題做題技巧】通覽全文了解大意首先要通過(guò)瀏覽全文，跳過(guò)空格不看選項(xiàng)地快速閱讀，同時(shí)注意文中的暗示，努力找出關(guān)鍵詞，可以迅速理解文章大意。其次，在通讀全文時(shí)，應(yīng)著重注意首尾句對(duì)文章的主題的提示，首句有開篇啟示的作用，是觀察全文的窗口，往往也是演繹型文章的主題句。綜合考慮，逐項(xiàng)填空立足語(yǔ)段、語(yǔ)境，放眼語(yǔ)篇——掌握文章大意后，就可以按順序答題了，但并不意味著要依次一下子填好所有空檔，可先借助自己的語(yǔ)感，利用上下文提供的情境（通過(guò)上下文語(yǔ)境/暗示已經(jīng)成為近幾年高考完形填空設(shè)題的一大特色），推測(cè)出可能的答案，然后，再結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。對(duì)那些較難的空檔，可試著將備選項(xiàng)一一代入空檔，然后從詞匯意義及用法、習(xí)慣搭配、常識(shí)、邏輯推理以及上下文等角度，進(jìn)行認(rèn)真分析、比較，力求找出合情合理的答案。遇到疑難空檔時(shí)應(yīng)該冷靜、謹(jǐn)慎，切忌草率從事。否則，一旦選錯(cuò)一檔，還可能影響其他，形成連鎖反應(yīng)。3.復(fù)讀檢驗(yàn)，消除疏漏完成所有空檔后，還要再?gòu)?fù)讀一遍短文，檢查前后是否貫通、看看這時(shí)的短文行文是否流暢，意義是否連貫，邏輯關(guān)系是否合理。若有不合語(yǔ)感、題意或語(yǔ)言規(guī)范之處，應(yīng)審慎調(diào)整答案，力求做到萬(wàn)無(wú)一失。應(yīng)依據(jù)文章的中心意思來(lái)重新考慮，從意義和語(yǔ)法兩個(gè)角度仔細(xì)權(quán)衡，加以改正，以便彌補(bǔ)疏漏。從語(yǔ)法上，檢查一下所完成的句子是否主謂一致，時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是否正確，名詞、代詞的性、格是否一致，動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞與介詞的搭配是否準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。對(duì)于個(gè)別難度較大的空項(xiàng)，可以憑著自己的語(yǔ)感，堅(jiān)持第一感覺(jué)選擇的答案。Lastyear,Ikepthavingthisnagging(不停地困擾的)feelingthatIwaslivingjustforthe“me,me,me”.Withthisin_1_,Idecidedtovolunteertobreakoutofthismecentricity.Afterreachingouttoanumberof_2_,Igotacallbackfroma_3_studioinNewJersey.Onmyfristday_4_,aremarkableyounggirl_5_myeye.Thatgirlcoulddance!Asidefromher_6_skill,whichwasadelighttowitness,she_7_lituptheroom.ShewasAfricanAmerican,tenyearsoldandsheworethemoreendearing(討人喜歡的)bigrimmedglasses.Attheendofclass,Ihadtoaskher,”how_8_haveyoubeentakinglessons?Shereplied_9_,”Iwish…Ihavenevertakenaclass.”Iwas_10_.Herteachertoldmeshe_11_inagrouphome,andthenandthereIknew_12_Ifeldcalledtodo.IcalledFamilyServices,_13_herindancelessonsand_14_tobecomehermentortogiveherhelpandadvicerelatedtoherlessons,New,forthepastyearandahalf,Ihaveseenherevery_15_,takinghertoeat,toread,toseemovies,andtovisitstreetfairs.Atonetimeshetoldme“_16_everwantedme;therewasalwayssomethingunpleasanthappeningtome,butIjustcouldtonothingtopreventitsincemy_17_.”Icouldonlyreply,“honey,youarelovable,worthyandunique.Youare_18_withme,andIamnotgoinganywhere!”weboth_19_.Ireallylovethislovelykid.Ihada_20_childhood,andIwanttopayitforward.1.A.headB.HeartC.BrainsD.Mind2.A.schoolsB.factoriesC.organizationsD.companies3.A.singingB.danceC.filmD.television4.A.helpingB.teachingC.volunteeringD.learning5.A.caughtB.tookC.HeldD.got6.A.simpleB.naturalC.practicalD.remarkable7.A.onlyB.QuicklyC.brightlyD.Simply8.A.longB.muchC.farD.well9.A.roughlyB.shylyC.excitedlyD.calmly10.A.disappointedB.worriedC.angryD.speechless11.A.livedB.workedC.studiedD.stayed12.A.howB.whenC.whatD.where13.A.taughtB.watchedC.helpedD.started14.A.trainedB.promisedC.recommendedD.completed15.A.weekB.yearC.monthD.day16.A.everyoneB.nooneC.someoneD.anyone17.A.childhoodB.kindgartenC.birthD.adolescence18.A.satisfiedB.concernedC.caughtD.stuck19.A.criedB.greetedC.laughedD.sighed20.A.longB.greatC.dreamD.terrible【詞匯記憶】1.accelerate/?k'sel?re?t/vt.加速,促進(jìn)2.absolute/'?bs?lu:t/a/?/.絕對(duì)的,無(wú)條件的；完全的3.liberal/'l?b?r?l/a/?/.慷慨的；豐富的；自由的4.transport/tr?ns'p?:t/vt.運(yùn)輸,運(yùn)送n/en/.運(yùn)輸,運(yùn)輸工具5.mild/ma?ld/a/?/.溫暖的,暖和的；溫柔的,味淡的6.tender/'tend?/a/?/.溫柔的；脆弱的7.nuisance/'nju:sns/n/en/.損害,妨害,討厭（的人或事物）8.tide/ta?d/n/en/.潮汐；潮流9.export/'eksp?:t/n/en/.出口（物）v/vi:/.出口,輸出10.import/?m'p?:t/n/en/.進(jìn)口（物）v/vi:/.進(jìn)口,輸入11.impose/?m'p??z/vt.把...加強(qiáng)(on/?n/)；采用,利用12.religion/r?'l?d??n/n/en/.宗教,宗教信仰13.burst/b\:st/vi./n.突然發(fā)生,爆裂14.dispose/d?s'p??z/vi.除掉；處置；解決；處理(of/?v/)15.blast/blɑ:st/n/en/.爆炸；氣流vi.炸,炸掉16.consume/k?n'sju:m/v/vi:/.消耗,耗盡17.split/spl?t/v/vi:/.劈開；割裂；分裂a(bǔ)/?/.裂開的18.spit/sp?t/v/vi:/.吐（唾液等）；唾棄19.spill/sp?l/v/vi:/.溢出,濺出,倒出20.extinct/?ks't??kt/a/?/.絕滅的,熄滅的slide/sla?d/v/vi:/.滑動(dòng),滑落n/en/.滑動(dòng)；滑面；幻燈片21.breed/bri:d/n/en/.種,品種v/vi:/.繁殖,產(chǎn)仔22.budget/'b?d??t/n/en/.預(yù)算v/vi:/.編預(yù)算,作安排23.candidate/'k?nd?d?t/n/en/.候選人24.campus/'k?mp?s/n/en/.校園25.transform/tr?ns'f?:m/v/vi:/.轉(zhuǎn)變,變革；變換26.transmit/tr?nz'm?t/v/vi:/.傳播,播送；傳遞27.transplant/tr?ns'plɑ:nt/v/vi:/.移植28.shift/??ft/v/vi:/.轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)變29.vary/'ve?r?/v/vi:/.變化,改變；使多樣化30.vanish/'v?n??/vi.消滅,不見(jiàn)31.swallow/'sw?l??/v/vi:/.吞下,咽下n/en/.燕子32.suspicion/s?s'p???n/n/en/.懷疑,疑心33.suspicious/s?s'p???s/a/?/.懷疑的,可疑的34.boundary/'ba?nd?r?/n/en/.分界線,邊界35.catalog/'k?t?l?ɡ/n/en/.目錄（冊(cè)）v/vi:/.編目36.vague/ve?ɡ/a/?/.模糊的,不明確的37.vain/ve?n/n/en/.徒勞,白費(fèi)38.extraordinary/?ks'tr?:dnr?/a/?/.不平常的,特別的,非凡的39.agent/'e?d??nt/n/en/.代理人,代理商；動(dòng)因,原因40.alcohol/'?lk?h?l/n/en/.含酒精的飲料,酒精【文段背誦】1.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat+句子=Itisobviousthat句子=Obviously,S.+V.不用說(shuō)，很明顯Itgoeswithoutsayingthateveryoneshouldkeepabalanceddietforthebenefitofhealth.不用說(shuō)，為了健康，每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該保持平衡的膳食。2.Iamgreatlyconvinced(that)句子….我深信…Iamgreatlyconvincedthatwecanimproveourwritingifweinsistonrecitingsomeusefulsentences.我深信，只要我們堅(jiān)持每天背一些有用的句子,我們就可以提高我們的英語(yǔ)寫作。3.Itcanbeeasilyproved(that)句子…很容易證明….Itcanbeeasilyprovedthatnothingismorepreciousthantime.4.Thereisnodoubt(that)句子…毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地?毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，近視在我國(guó)的年輕人中是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。Thereisnodoubtthatnearsightednessisaseriousproblemamongtheyouthofourcountry.5.Accordingtomypersonalexperience,…根據(jù)我個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)?…Accordingtomypersonalexperience,smilehasdonemealotofgood.Accordingtomypersonalexperience,friendsbringmenotonlytrust,understanding,butalsowarmth.6.Take…forexample,…拿…做例子Takemysisterforexample,shestayedinGermanandnowshecanspeakGermanyfluently.7.Asapopularsayinggoes,“….”俗話說(shuō)得好….Asapopularsayinggoes,“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”俗話說(shuō)，事實(shí)勝于雄辯。8.AsfarasIamconcerned,…..就我而言，在我看來(lái)AsfarasIamconcerned,kids’lyingisanaturalandnormalbehavior.在我看來(lái)，孩子撒謊是一種自然，正常的行為。9.Asforme/Personallyspeaking,…在我看來(lái)就我來(lái)說(shuō)，我喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)下。因?yàn)槲铱梢院粑叫迈r的空氣，這對(duì)我們的健康很有好處。Asforme,Iprefertoliveinthecountryside,becauseIcanbreathefreshair,whichisbeneficialtoourhealth/fromwhichwebenefitalot/whichbenefitsusalot.10.Asforsth/doingsth,至于…./Whenitcomestosth……當(dāng)談到、涉及到…..Asforadvertisements,manyconsumers/costumersaren’tsatisfiedwiththemandthinkmostofthemareuntruthful.至于廣告，許多消費(fèi)者對(duì)它們表示不滿，認(rèn)為它們大多數(shù)是不真實(shí)的。當(dāng)談到青少年出國(guó)留學(xué)的問(wèn)題，許多家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為孩子們可以有更多的機(jī)會(huì)接受到良好的教育。Whenitcomestotheproblemofteenagersstudyingabroad,manyparentsthinktheirchildrencanhavemorechancestoreceivebettereducation.【課后強(qiáng)化鞏固練習(xí)】語(yǔ)法填空題目練習(xí)Youmaywonderwhywehaveaholidayinsummer___1___winter,butnotinspring___2___autumn.Therearesomereasons__3__it.Likemostpeople,yourintelligence（智力）changesfromseasontoseason.Youareproperlyalotsharperinthespring____4_youare___5___anyothertimeoftheyear.EllsworthHuntington,who’swellknowntousallconcludedfromothermen’sworkandhisownamongpeopleindifferentclimatesthatclimateandtemperaturehaveacleareffect__6___ourintelligence.Hefoundthatcoolweatherisfarbetterforcreativethinkingthanwarmweather.This___7___meanthatallpeoplearenot__8___quickatlearninginthesummerasthey___9___duringtherestoftheyear.Ittellsus,__10__,thatintelligenceoflargenumbersofpeopleseemstobelowestinthesummer.完形填空題目練習(xí)Itisnotsomuchwhathappenstoeachofusthatdeterminesourqualityoflife,butratherourreactiontowhathappens.Thoughwemayhaveno36inunexpectedeventsthathappentous,wemostcertainlyhavechoicein37weinterpretwhathappens,andinwhatwechoosetodoaboutit.Thesechoicesmakeallthe38inhowweexperienceourworldandverymuchdetermineour39Neitherdoeswhatweown40amajorroleinqualityoflife.Onepersonwithallthemoneyandpossessionsintheworldmayhavea41life,whileanotherinthelowestincomeclassesmay42lovetheirlife.Itiswhatwedowithwhatweownthat43ourlevelofsatisfactionandjoyinlife.It'snotwhatyou44orwhathappenstoyouinlifethat45,butratherwhatyoudowithit。Every46somethingishappeninginourlives.Andeverymomentwe47orajudgmentaboutwhathappens.Bychoosingtobecomemore48ofhowwereacttowhathappens,wecan49towardswhatwereallywantinourlives.50followinghabitual,reactivepatternswhich51moreofthesame,wecanrecognizeand52ouroldhabitstomovepowerfullyinthe53ofcreatingthelifewereallywant.Yettodothis,wemustfirstfindthe54tolookatsomeofthedisempowering,oftenunconscious55whichgetinthewayanddon'tservetoincreaseourqualityoflife.Butbycontinuallyremindingourselvesofourintentiontobecreators,wecantransformourlife。36．A．need B．courage C．choice D．necessity37．A．what B．whether C．that D．how38．A．difference B．troubles C．decisions D．measures39．A．type B．quality C．a(chǎn)mount D．level40．A．take B．play C．make D．get41．A．miserable B．a(chǎn)ccessible C．a(chǎn)cceptable D．a(chǎn)daptable42．A．practically B．privately C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．a(chǎn)dequately43．A．creates B．investigates C．a(chǎn)ffects D．