安徽省阜陽市太和縣太和中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題

太和中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期第四次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測英語考生注意：1.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。4.本卷命題范圍：人教版必修第一冊至必修第三冊。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebluedress?A.It'ssmall.B.It'slarge.C.It'scostly.2.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Stayathome.B.Seeadoctor.C.Gorunning.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hedancesverywell.B.Heoftengiveslessons.C.Hehasakid.4.Howmanybooksdidthemanreadlastyear?A.Four.B.Six.C.Eight.5.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inanoffice.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Awriter.C.Ababy.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WheredoestheAmazonRiverstart?A.InPeru.B.InSudan.C.InBrazil.9.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havingawalk.B.Readingastory.C.Attendingaclass.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wholeftaphonemessage?A.Mr.Morris.B.Mr.Green.C.Mr.Black.11.WhichisProfessorGreen'sroomnumber?A.119.B.114.C.144.12.Whatisthemanlikelytodo?A.Canceltheservice.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Changehisroom.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Anengineer.B.Amanager.C.Areporter.14.Whenwillthenewbuildingbepleted?A.Inthreemonths.B.Intwomonths.C.Inonemonth.15.Whatdoesthemanbadlyneed?A.Somemoney.B.Spaciousrooms.C.Skilledworkers.16.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheinterview?A.Itiseasy.B.Ittakestime.C.Itisrelaxing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdidMozartstarttodoattheageoffive?A.Createmusic.B.Playthepiano.C.Holdaconcert.18.WhydidMozartliveapoorlife?A.Hemadelittlemoney.B.Hiswifespenttoomuch.C.Hesupportedabigfamily.19.Whatdoesthespeakermeanattheendofthetalk?A.Themusicianisgifted.B.Theaudienceisnoisy.C.Themusicistooloud.20.Whereisthespeaker?A.Inacinema.B.Inalibrary.C.Inaconcerthall.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheDayoftheDeadcelebrationsareagreattimetohonourthedead.Here’swheretostaytoexperiencethem.MexicoCity,MexicoOnNovember4,aparadestartswiththousandsofdancers.“ThebestplacetowatchtheparadeisfromaterraceonthePaseodeReforma,whereyoucanseethedancersandcoloursfromabove,”saysKarlaGonzalez,directoroftheMexicoCitytourismboard.Oaxaca,MexicoThissouthernMexicocityisknownforcandlelitcemeteriesontheDayoftheDead,andparadeswithdancersintheJalatlaconeighborhood.“Thecitydoesn’tsleepforthreedays,”sayslocaltourguideGabrielSánchez.HetakesgueststothecemeteryinSantaMariaAtzompa,avillagethreemilesfromOaxacaCity,wherethefamiliesgoalloutwithcandlesandflowers.SanDiego,CaliforniaThefirstEuropeansettlement(定居點(diǎn))inSouthernCalifornia,OldTownSanDiegoisasevenblockstateparkwithshopfrontsdatingbacktothe18thcentury.It’salsothesiteofalongrunningDayoftheDeadcelebration,withacraftsmarketandacandlelitparadetotheElCampoSantoCemeteryonNovember2,whichdatesto1849.SanAntonio,TexasThissouthTexascitywasonceapartofMexico,knownforitsexcitingDayoftheDeadcelebrations.Indowntown’sHemispherePark,thefestivalbringsaparadeofboatslitwithbrightlightsontheRiverWalkontheeveningofOctober27.YoucanalsoseeafamoustouristdrawonthesouthbankoftheSanAntonioRiver.1.WhendoestheparadetakeplaceinMexicoCity?A.OnOctober10. B.OnOctober27. C.OnNovember2. D.OnNovember4.2.WhatcanyoudoinOldTownSanDiegoonthefestival?A.SwimintheRiverWalk. B.Jointhecandlelightparade.C.AdmireHemispherePark. D.Exploretheuniquerainforest.3.Wherecanyouenjoyaparadeofboatsatnighttoexperiencethefestival?A.InSanAntonio. B.InMexicoCity. C.InSanDiego. D.InOaxaca.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)可以體驗(yàn)亡靈節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)的地方?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MexicoCity,Mexico中“OnNovember4,aparadestartswiththousandsofdancers.(11月4日，一場由數(shù)千名舞者組成的游行開始)”可知，墨西哥城的游行開始于11月4日。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SanDiego,California中“It’salsothesiteofalongrunningDayoftheDeadcelebration,withacraftsmarketandacandlelitparadetotheElCampoSantoCemeteryonNovember2,whichdatesto1849.(這里也是長期的亡靈節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)的舉辦地，11月2日有工藝品市場和燭光游行，前往1849年的ElCampoSanto公墓)”可知，節(jié)日期間你可以在圣地亞哥老城參加燭光游行。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SanAntonio,Texas中“Indowntown’sHemispherePark,thefestivalbringsaparadeofboatslitwithbrightlightsontheRiverWalkontheeveningofOctober27.(10月27日晚上，在市中心的半球公園，人們會(huì)在河邊步行街上舉行燈光明亮的船只游行)”可知，晚上你可以在圣·安東尼奧欣賞游船游行來體驗(yàn)這個(gè)節(jié)日。故選A。BGooglecofoundersLarryPageandSergeyBrinbegantodeclareverystrangeplanseveryAprilFool’sDaynotlongafterstartingtheirpanymorethanaquartercenturyago.Oneyear,theypostedajobopeningforaCopernicusresearchcenteronthemoon.Usually,theirideasweresoabsurdthatpeoplelearnedtolaughthemoffasanotherexampleofjoke.That’showtheirplanaboutGmailwasreceivedwhenitwasmadepublic20yearsagoonAprilFool’sDay.Theysaiditwouldbeafreeemailservicethatwouldstoreabout13,500emailseachaccountbeforerunningoutofspace,whiletheotherwebmailservicesrunbyYahooandMicrosoftcouldstorejust30to60emails.Besidesthestorage,theydeclared,GmailwouldbeequippedwithGoogle’ssearchtechnologysouserscouldquicklyfindanoldemail,photoorotherpersonalinformationstoredontheservice.Itwouldalsoautomaticallystringtogetherallofthemunicationsaboutthesametopicsotheycouldbereadasifitwasasingleconversation.ItwassuchasurprisingconceptthatshortlyafterTheAssociatedPresspublishedastoryaboutGmaillateontheafternoonofAprilFool’sDayin2004,readersbegancallingandemailingtoinformthenewsagencythatithadbeenfooledbytheGooglefounders.ButTheAPknewGooglewasn’tjokingaboutGmailbecauseanAPreporterhadbeeninvitedtothepanytoseewhattheywereworkingon.Inhisoffice,Page,thenjust31yearsold,showedthereporterhownicelyGmailoperated.“Ithinkpeoplearereallygoingtolikethis,”Pagepredicted.Aswithsomanyotherthings,Pagewasright.Gmailnowhasmorethan1.8billionactiveaccountsandhasbeethefirstbuildingblockinGoogle’sinternetempirebeyonditssearchengine.AfterGmailcameGoogleMapsandGoogleDocswithwordprocessingapplications.ThencamethevideositeYouTube,followedbytheintroductionoftheAndroidoperatingsystemthatpowersmostoftheworld’ssmartphones.“Thatispartofthefun,makingaproductthatpeoplewon’tbelieveisreal,”saidMarissaMayerwhohelpedtodesignGmail.4.Whatdoestheword“absurd”underlinedinparagraph1mean?A.Creative. B.Strange. C.Popular. D.Practical.5.paredwithGmailtheotherwebmailservices_______.A.couldstorelessinformation B.wereunsafetostoreinformationC.weremoreconvenienttouse D.couldputallrelatedmailstogether6.WhydidTheAPdecidetopublishtheGmailstoryonAprilFool’sDayin2004?A.ItwasfooledbyPageandBrin. B.Itwantedtoplayajokeonthepublic.C.IthadacceptedmoneyfromGoogle. D.Itwassurethesurprisingstorywastrue.7.Whichapplicationcameoutfirst?A.Gmail. B.GoogleMaps. C.Googlesearch. D.GoogleDocs.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了谷歌創(chuàng)始人LarryPage和SergeyBrin喜歡在愚人節(jié)發(fā)布奇怪的計(jì)劃，所以當(dāng)他們提出Gmail的想法時(shí)，公眾都以為是個(gè)玩笑，但出人意料的是，Gmail后來大為成功?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“peoplelearnedtolaughthemoffasanotherexampleofjoke”可知，人們把這些想法當(dāng)作笑話一笑了之，再結(jié)合第一段第一句“GooglecofoundersLarryPageandSergeyBrinbegantodeclareverystrangeplanseveryAprilFool’sDaynotlongafterstartingtheirpanymorethanaquartercenturyago.(谷歌聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人LarryPage和SergeyBrin在25多年前創(chuàng)辦公司后不久，就開始在每年愚人節(jié)宣布非常奇怪的計(jì)劃)”可推出，他們在愚人節(jié)提出的想法非常奇怪、荒誕，absurd意為“荒謬的”，與strange意思最接近。故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theysaiditwouldbeafreeemailservicethatwouldstoreabout13,500emailseachaccountbeforerunningoutofspace,whiletheotherwebmailservicesrunbyYahooandMicrosoftcouldstorejust30to60emails.(他們表示，這將是一項(xiàng)免費(fèi)的電子郵件服務(wù)，在空間用盡之前，每個(gè)賬戶將存儲(chǔ)約13500封電子郵件，而雅虎和微軟運(yùn)營的其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)郵件服務(wù)只能存儲(chǔ)30至60封電子郵件)”可知，谷歌的Gmail能夠存儲(chǔ)約13500封電子郵件，而雅虎和微軟運(yùn)營的其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)郵件服務(wù)只能存儲(chǔ)30至60封電子郵件。由此可知，其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)郵件服務(wù)存儲(chǔ)的郵件數(shù)量小于Gmail。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ButTheAPknewGooglewasn’tjokingaboutGmailbecauseanAPreporterhadbeeninvitedtothepanytoseewhattheywereworkingon.Inhisoffice,Page,thenjust31yearsold,showedthereporterhownicelyGmailoperated.“Ithinkpeoplearereallygoingtolikethis,”Pagepredicted.(但美聯(lián)社知道谷歌并不是在開關(guān)于Gmail的玩笑，因?yàn)槊缆?lián)社的一名記者被邀請到該公司看看他們在做什么。當(dāng)時(shí)只有31歲的Page在他的辦公室里向記者展示了Gmail的運(yùn)行情況。Page預(yù)測說：“我認(rèn)為人們真的會(huì)喜歡這個(gè)?！?”可知，美聯(lián)社的記者現(xiàn)場考查了Gmail的有關(guān)情況，所以他們確信這個(gè)令人驚訝的消息是真實(shí)的。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Besidesthestorage,theydeclared,GmailwouldbeequippedwithGoogle’ssearchtechnologysouserscouldquicklyfindanoldemail,photoorotherpersonalinformationstoredontheservice.(他們宣稱，除了存儲(chǔ)之外，Gmail還將配備谷歌的搜索技術(shù)，這樣用戶就可以快速找到存儲(chǔ)在該服務(wù)上的舊電子郵件、照片或其他個(gè)人信息)”和第五段中的“AfterGmailcameGoogleMapsandGoogleDocswithwordprocessingapplications.(繼Gmail之后，推出了帶有文字處理應(yīng)用程序的GoogleMaps和GoogleDocs)”可知，谷歌應(yīng)用的出現(xiàn)順序是：谷歌搜索、Gmail、GoogleMaps和GoogleDocs。故選C。COnthetopfloorofaworkshopinAthens,Greece,ateamofartistsarebusycreatingfaithfulcopiesofthefamousstatueofAlexandertheGreatandtheVenusdeMilo.“Ourworkmostlyendsupatgiftshopsaroundtheworld.Museumsalsoaskustomakecopiesofartworks.Pricesstartat$24forasmallVenusstatueandgoashighas$11,560forafaithfulcopyofit.”saysMariaZafeiri,anartistattheworkshopfor30years.“It’sexcitingwhenourstatuesendupinamuseumandthousandsofeyesadmirethem.TheybringevenmorevisitorstoGreece.”MakingcopiesofancientGreekstatuesisn’tnew.ResearchersandartistsbeganreproducingancientGreeksculpturesshortlyaftertheNationalArchaeologicalMuseuminAthensopenedin1829.“Thefirstcopieswerenotformercialreasons,butforscientificones.Scholarswantedtostudytheancients.”saysMariaZafeiri.“Later,everyonewantedstatuesintheirhouse,abovethefireplace.TheywereinallEuropeanlivingrooms.”Somecopiesofancientstatueswereterrible,butotherreproductionsweresofaithfulthattheyendedupinplacesliketheGettyMuseuminLosAngeles.In2018,themuseumdetermineditsfamousKourosstatue—supposedtodatefrom650to480BCandboughtfor$6million—wasprobablyaforgery(贗品),andremoveditfromview.“Therearemethodstofooltheexperts.”MariaZafeirisays.“SuchforgeriescreateafalseimageofGreekcultureandmisleadresearchers.”Butaren’tMariaZafeiriandherworkshopalsoproducingforgeries?“Ithinkthedifferencebetweenaforgeryandareproductionistheintention.Therearereproductionsofdesignerbags,butthatbeesforgerieswhenthereproducersaysthey’rereal.”saysMariaZafeiri.“Ourshopjustfeedsthedesireoftravelerstoownsomethinglovelytopackuporshiphome.Agoodreproductioncanextendyourtrip.It’ssimilartoaphotographofyourselfwhileonvacation,itbringsyoubacktothatbeautifuldayattheAcropolis.”8.HowdoesMariaZafeirimostprobablyfeelaboutherwork?A.Ashamed. B.Proud. C.Bored. D.Dissatisfied.9.WhowerethetargetedcustomersofthereproducedancientGreekstatuesinthe1830s?A.Researchers. B.Businessmen.C.Souvenirseekers. D.Treasurehunters.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheKourosstatueboughtbytheGettyMuseum?A.Thereproductionwasworththemoney. B.Themuseumhadalotofsuchforgeries.C.Itwasprobablyfromaskilledartist. D.Itwascreatedbetween650and480BC.11.WhatsetsaforgeryapartfromareproductionaccordingtoMariaZafeiri?A.Theprice. B.Thematerial. C.Thequality. D.Thepurpose.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，講述了一位希臘藝術(shù)家MariaZafeiri與其工作室復(fù)制古希臘雕塑的故事，探討了復(fù)制品與贗品的區(qū)別及對文化的影響?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ourworkmostlyendsupatgiftshopsaroundtheworld.Museumsalsoaskustomakecopiesofartworks.(我們的作品大多在世界各地的禮品店出售。博物館也要求我們復(fù)制藝術(shù)品)”以及“It’sexcitingwhenourstatuesendupinamuseumandthousandsofeyesadmirethem.TheybringevenmorevisitorstoGreece.(當(dāng)我們的雕像最終進(jìn)入博物館，成千上萬的眼睛欣賞它們時(shí)，這是令人興奮的。它們?yōu)橄ＥD帶來了更多的游客)”可知，他們的作品會(huì)出現(xiàn)在世界各地，也會(huì)出現(xiàn)在博物館，尤其是進(jìn)入博物館的作品得到了欣賞的目光，為希臘帶來了跟多的游客，這是令人興奮的。由此可推知，對于自己的作品，她是感到驕傲的。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ResearchersandartistsbeganreproducingancientGreeksculpturesshortlyaftertheNationalArchaeologicalMuseuminAthensopenedin1829.(雅典國家考古博物館于1829年開館后不久，研究人員和藝術(shù)家就開始復(fù)制古希臘雕塑)”以及第四段內(nèi)容“Thefirstcopieswerenotformercialreasons,butforscientificones.Scholarswantedtostudytheancients.(最初的復(fù)制品不是出于商業(yè)原因，而是出于科學(xué)原因。學(xué)者們想研究古人)”可知，1829年以后出現(xiàn)了對古希臘雕塑的復(fù)制，而最初的復(fù)制是出于科學(xué)研究原因，因此可推知，19世紀(jì)30年代復(fù)制的古希臘雕像的目標(biāo)客戶是學(xué)者，研究人員。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“butotherreproductionsweresofaithfulthattheyendedupinplacesliketheGettyMuseuminLosAngeles.In2018,themuseumdetermineditsfamousKourosstatue—supposedtodatefrom650to480BCandboughtfor$6million—wasprobablyaforgery,andremoveditfromview.(但是其他的復(fù)制品是如此的忠實(shí)準(zhǔn)確，以至于它們最終出現(xiàn)在了洛杉磯的蓋蒂博物館。2018年，博物館確定其著名的Kouros雕像——據(jù)說可以追溯到公元前650年至480年，以600萬美元購買——可能是一件贗品，并將其從視野中移除)”可知，該雕像被復(fù)制的如此忠實(shí)于原作，以致于被GettyMuseum博物館以600萬美元購買，且非常著名。由此可推知，其復(fù)制者應(yīng)該是一個(gè)技藝高超的藝術(shù)家。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末尾段“Ithinkthedifferencebetweenaforgeryandareproductionistheintention.(我認(rèn)為偽造和復(fù)制的區(qū)別在于意圖)”可知，在她看來，兩者的區(qū)別在于創(chuàng)作者的意圖和目的。故選D項(xiàng)。DHavingstudiedmorethan400groupsofhoneybeesinBrazilfortwoyears,agroupofbiologistsledbyVivianaDiPietroreportthat,likehumans,honeybeesarecapableoflearningnewtraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations.“Themostobviousexampleisthathoneybeescanbuildtheirhomesaccordingtodifferentarchitecturaltraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations,”theywrite.“Wefoundthataround95%ofthehoneybeesbuilttheirhomesinahorizontal(與地面平行的)style,while5%ofthempreferredaspiral(螺旋形的)structure.Ineachcase,thetraditionwaspasseddowntothenextgenerations.”Sincehoneybeesshowedastrongpreferenceforahorizontalstructure,itwassurprisingthatspiralstructuresoccurredatall.“Withthehelpofvideocameras,wefoundthattherewasanoticeabledifferenceinaveragebuildingratebetweenthetwostyles.”theresearchersadd.Inordertoruleoutagenetic(遺傳的)explanationforthedifferentstyles,theresearcherstookhoneybeesfromthegroupsthatbuiltinspiraltraditionclosetothegroupsthatbuiltinhorizontaltradition.Theimportedhoneybeessoonlearnedtobuildtheirhomesinthelocalstyle,whichwasthenpasseddowntotheirchildrenastheyeventuallygrewup.“Itisverylikelythattheimportedhoneybeesmighthavechangedthestyleasawayofcorrectingtheconstructionerrorsmadebytheirancestors.”theresearcherssuggest.Thefindingshavesurprisedobserversofanimalculture,astheysuggestthathoneybeescanlearnandhanddowndifferentbuildingtraditionsovergenerations.Thishaschangedthewayofthinkingaboutculture,whichisoftenstrictlydefinedasbehaviourdirectlyhandeddownfromhumanparentstotheirchildrenuntilitbeesatraditioninagroup.“Insectculturewasthoughtimpossible.Lessthanacenturyago,culturewasthoughttobeuniquelyhuman,”saysbiologistAndrewWhitenoftheUniversityofStAndrews,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.“Butthenewresearchhasofferedstrongevidencepointingtotheopposite.”12.Whydomosthoneybeespreferahorizontalstructureaccordingtotheresearch?A.Itiseasiertobecopied. B.Itisabitstronger.C.Itismorefortable. D.Itisfastertobuild.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph5referto?A.Scientists. B.Traditions. C.Findings. D.Parents.14.WhichwordbestdescribesAndrewWhiten’sattitudetothenewresearch?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ResearchersHaveDifferentViewsonAnimalCultureB.HoneybeesMayLearnandPreserveCulturalTraditionsC.HoneybeesCanLearnBuildingSkillsFromTheirNeighborsD.ResearchersHaveMisunderstoodHoneybeesforaLongTime【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了研究表明蜜蜂能學(xué)習(xí)并傳承建造巢穴的不同傳統(tǒng)，顛覆了文化僅為人類獨(dú)有的觀念，為動(dòng)物文化提供了有力證據(jù)。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Sincehoneybeesshowedastrongpreferenceforahorizontalstructure,itwassurprisingthatspiralstructuresoccurredatall.“Withthehelpofvideocameras,wefoundthattherewasanoticeabledifferenceinaveragebuildingratebetweenthetwostyles.”theresearchersadd.(由于蜜蜂表現(xiàn)出對水平結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)烈偏好，螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)的出現(xiàn)令人驚訝?！霸跀z像機(jī)的幫助下，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩種風(fēng)格的平均建筑速率有明顯差異。”研究人員補(bǔ)充道)”可知，攝像機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)水平結(jié)構(gòu)和螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)在建筑速率上有很大的差異。由此可推知，水平結(jié)構(gòu)的風(fēng)格受到蜜蜂的強(qiáng)烈偏好是因?yàn)樗嚷菪Y(jié)構(gòu)建設(shè)起來更快。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句子的前半句話“Thefindingshavesurprisedobserversofanimalculture(這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令動(dòng)物文化的觀察者感到驚訝)”可知，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)令動(dòng)物文化的觀察者感到驚訝，因?yàn)檫@些發(fā)現(xiàn)表明蜜蜂可以學(xué)習(xí)并代代相傳不同的建筑傳統(tǒng)。所以they指代前文中的“Thefindings”。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Insectculturewasthoughtimpossible.Lessthanacenturyago,culturewasthoughttobeuniquelyhuman,”saysbiologistAndrewWhitenoftheUniversityofStAndrews,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.“Butthenewresearchhasofferedstrongevidencepointingtotheopposite.”(“昆蟲培養(yǎng)被認(rèn)為是不可能的。不到一個(gè)世紀(jì)前，文化被認(rèn)為是人類獨(dú)有的，”圣安德魯斯大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家安德魯·懷特說，他沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究。“但這項(xiàng)新研究提供了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)，指向相反的方向?！?”可知，AndrewWhiten認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新研究提供了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)，指向相反的方向。由此可推知，他對這項(xiàng)新的研究持支持或贊許的態(tài)度。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Havingstudiedmorethan400groupsofhoneybeesinBrazilfortwoyears,agroupofbiologistsledbyVivianaDiPietroreportthat,likehumans,honeybeesarecapableoflearningnewtraditionswhicharethenhandeddownovergenerations.(VivianaDiPietro領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一組生物學(xué)家對巴西400多組蜜蜂進(jìn)行了兩年的研究，他們報(bào)告說，蜜蜂和人類一樣，能夠?qū)W習(xí)新的傳統(tǒng)，然后代代相傳)”以及全文可知，文章主要介紹了研究表明蜜蜂能學(xué)習(xí)并傳承建造巢穴的不同傳統(tǒng)，顛覆了文化僅為人類獨(dú)有的觀念，為動(dòng)物文化提供了有力證據(jù)。所以“蜜蜂可以學(xué)習(xí)和保護(hù)文化傳統(tǒng)”適合作文章的標(biāo)題，既概括了蜜蜂的學(xué)習(xí)能力也涵蓋了文化的傳承方面。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youmightalwaysplain,“Iwanttobuildmoremuscle,increasemyendurance,orjustmoveaboutdaytodaylifemoreeasily,butIdon’tknowhowtoachievethegoals.”____16____.Focusonyourworkout____17____.Ifyou’rethinkingaboutyourtodolist,youmightnotbefocusingonputtingin100%.“Ifocusonmybreathingtoreduceanydistractions(干擾)whileexercisingatthegym,”saysPhoenixCarnevale,trainerofAmroseFitness.HavepositiveselftalkBeforeyou’refeelingfocused,remindyourselfthatyoucandothis.“____18____,”saysCarnevale.“Itellmyself,‘It’smytimenow.’”Youcanalsotakeafewminutesbeforeyourworkouttothinkaboutsomethingyouloveaboutyourbodyandwhatitcanachieve.Thiskindofthinkingwillstartyourworkoutonapositivenote.____19____Positiveselftalkisn’ttheonlywaytogetintherightmindset.“Italwaysesdowntomusicforme,”saysAmeliaDiDomenico,ownerofAmroseFitness.Oneofhertopworkouttipsistorepeatherfavoritesongsafewtimesduringhertrainingsession.KeepthingssimpleYoudon’tneedtodoamilliondifferentexercisestogetagreatworkout.____20____.Bylimitingtheamountofequipmentyouuseandthenumberofmovesinyourworkout,youwon’twastetimemovingaroundthegym.Inturn,youmaycutdownonresttime,whichgenerallyisagoodthing,especiallyifyourgoalistobuildmuscle.A.TrytomakeconversationB.ListentoyourfavoritemusicC.Infact,it’softenbettertokeepthingssimpleD.BeforeIknowit,IeacrossaworkoutpartnerE.PerhapsthesetipswillhelpyoutomakeagoodstartF.IstartwithpositiveselftalktopreventmyselffromgivingupG.Thefirststeptoaworkoutisbringingyouintothepresentmoment【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要給出了實(shí)現(xiàn)鍛煉目標(biāo)的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youmightalwaysplain,“Iwanttobuildmoremuscle,increasemyendurance,orjustmoveaboutdaytodaylifemoreeasily,butIdon’tknowhowtoachievethegoals.”(你可能總是抱怨，“我想鍛煉更多的肌肉，提高我的耐力，或者只是想讓日常生活更輕松，但我不知道如何實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)?！?”結(jié)合后文主要給出了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的建議，故E選項(xiàng)“也許這些建議會(huì)幫助你有一個(gè)好的開始”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ifyou’rethinkingaboutyourtodolist,youmightnotbefocusingonputtingin100%.“Ifocusonmybreathingtoreduceanydistractions(干擾)whileexercisingatthegym,”saysPhoenixCarnevale,trainerofAmroseFitness.(如果你在考慮你的待辦事項(xiàng)清單，你可能沒有把注意力集中在100%的投入上。Amrose健身公司的教練菲尼克斯·卡內(nèi)瓦萊說：“在健身房鍛煉時(shí)，我專注于呼吸，以減少任何干擾?！?”可知，后文主要論述了如何進(jìn)行專注鍛煉。故G選項(xiàng)“鍛煉的第一步是把你帶入當(dāng)下”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Beforeyou’refeelingfocused,remindyourselfthatyoucandothis.(在你集中注意力之前，提醒自己你可以做到)”以及后文“Thiskindofthinkingwillstartyourworkoutonapositivenote.(這種想法會(huì)讓你以積極的態(tài)度開始鍛煉)”可知，本句主要說明采取積極的態(tài)度開始。故F選項(xiàng)“我從積極的自我對話開始，防止自己放棄”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Positiveselftalkisn’ttheonlywaytogetintherightmindset.“Italwaysesdowntomusicforme,”saysAmeliaDiDomenico,ownerofAmroseFitness.Oneofhertopworkouttipsistorepeatherfavoritesongsafewtimesduringhertrainingsession.(積極的自我對話并不是進(jìn)入正確心態(tài)的唯一方法。AmroseFitness的老板阿米莉亞·迪·多梅尼科說：“對我來說，一切都?xì)w結(jié)為音樂?！彼钪匾腻憻捈记芍皇窃谟?xùn)練過程中重復(fù)幾次她最喜歡的歌曲)”可知，本段的主旨是聽最喜歡的音樂，故B選項(xiàng)“聽你最喜歡的音樂”符合語境，故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youdon’tneedtodoamilliondifferentexercisestogetagreatworkout.(你不需要做一百萬種不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)來獲得良好的鍛煉)”可知，上文提到不需要太多不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)來鍛煉，故本句承接上文，說明應(yīng)該用怎樣的鍛煉方式。故C選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，事情越簡單越好”符合語境，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Afewyearsago,BenGomesreceivedaworryingcallatwork.Thecallertoldhimthathis92yearoldmother,Thomasinha,wasbeing___21___tothehospitalaftershehadbeendragged(拖拽)byacarinthestreet.Heracedtothe___22___toseeher.“Iwas___23___atthetime,Icouldn’tpicturewhatitwouldbelike,”Gomesrecalls.Gomessoonlearnedthe___24___ofwhat,hadhappened.Thomasinhasometimesreceived___25___fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter.Onthatday,whenshegotoutofthecar,oneofthelongdrawstringcords(拉帶)onherjacketgot___26___inthedoorassheclosedit.Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___27___,draggingThomasinhaalong.She___28___alongsidethecar,___29___thewindowofthecartogetthedriver’s____30____.That’swhenapasserbysawherfromacrossthestreetandgotinfrontofthecarto____31____thedriver.Atthatpoint,Thomasinha____32____,andshehadaseriousinjury.“I’msogratefulthatIwasnotgreetedbythesightthatIfearedwhenIwenttothehospital,”Gomessays.Today,whenGomesreflectsbackonthekindnessofthis____33____,hesaysit’shardtoexpresshis____34____.“Idon’tknowifI’dhave____35____wordstosaythan‘Thankyou’forwhatyoudidformymotherandforwhatyoudidforme,”headds.21.A.rushed B.trained C.applied D.referred22.A.school B.hospital C.station D.house23.A.honored B.generous C.frightened D.faithful24.A.details B.effects C.costs D.views25.A.prizes B.rides C.letters D.tickets26A.burned B.stolen C.lost D.caught27.A.blowaway B.driveaway C.dropout D.hangout28.A.sang B.pushed C.ran D.nodded29.A.smilingat B.turningon C.pointingat D.knockingon30.A.attention B.memory C.advice D.money31.A.call B.see C.stop D.beat32.A.joked B.arrived C.stood D.fell33.A.passenger B.stranger C.student D.doctor34.A.concern B.sadness C.interest D.appreciation35.A.kinder B.shorter C.better D.fewer【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.B26.D27.B28.C29.D30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了本·戈麥斯的92歲的母親托馬辛哈，在下車時(shí)發(fā)生意外，被陌生人救助的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：打的人告訴他，他92歲的母親托馬辛哈在街上被一輛車拖著走后，被緊急送往醫(yī)院。A.rushed沖，奔；B.trained訓(xùn)練；C.applied應(yīng)用；D.referred提及。根據(jù)下文“aftershehadbeendragged(拖拽)byacarinthestreet.”以及“shehadaseriousinjury”可知，托馬辛哈被緊急送往醫(yī)院。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他跑到醫(yī)院去看她。A.school學(xué)校；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.station車站；D.house房屋。根據(jù)上文“thehospital”可知，去醫(yī)院看望托馬辛哈。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)我很害怕，我無法想象那會(huì)是什么樣子。A.honored光榮的，榮幸的；B.generous慷慨的；C.frightened害怕的；D.faithful忠實(shí)的，忠誠的。根據(jù)下文“Icouldn’tpicturewhatitwouldbelike”可知，作者很害怕。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：戈麥斯很快就了解了事情的細(xì)節(jié)。A.details細(xì)節(jié)；B.effects影響；C.costs花費(fèi)；D.views觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)下文“Thomasinhasometimesreceived___5___fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter.Onthatday,whenshegotoutofthecar,oneofthelongdrawstringcords(拉帶)onherjacketgot___6___inthedoorassheclosedit.Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___7___,draggingThomasinhaalong.”可知，這是發(fā)生的細(xì)節(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：托馬辛哈有時(shí)會(huì)讓志愿司機(jī)載她去當(dāng)?shù)氐睦夏曛行?。A.prizes獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.rides搭乘旅行；C.letters信；D.tickets票。根據(jù)下文“fromvolunteerdriverstoherlocalseniorcenter”可知，托馬辛哈有時(shí)會(huì)讓志愿司機(jī)載她去當(dāng)?shù)氐睦夏曛行?。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天，當(dāng)她下車時(shí)，她外套上的一根長繩子在關(guān)門時(shí)被門卡住了。A.burned燃燒；B.stolen偷；C.lost丟失；D.caught抓。根據(jù)下文“Thedriverdidn’tseeher,andbeganto___7___,draggingThomasinhaalong.”可知，長繩子在關(guān)門時(shí)被門卡住了。becaughtin“被困住，被卡住”。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：司機(jī)沒有看見她，就開始開車走了。A.blowaway消散或消除；B.driveaway趕走，駛離；C.dropout退出；D.hangout閑逛。根據(jù)上文“Thedriverdidn’tseeher”可知，司機(jī)以為下車了，所以就開走了。故選B項(xiàng)。28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她邊跑邊敲著車窗以引起司機(jī)的注意。A.sang唱歌；B.pushed推；C.ran跑；D.nodded點(diǎn)頭。根據(jù)上文“draggingThomasinhaalong”可知，被車拖車走，所以要跟上車的速度，要跑起來。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她邊跑邊敲著車窗以引起司機(jī)的注意。A.smilingat微笑；B.turningon打開；C.pointingat指向；D.knockingon敲。司機(jī)在車內(nèi)，所以要敲車窗。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她邊跑邊敲著車窗以引起司機(jī)的注意。A.attention注意力；B.memory記憶；C.advice建議；D.money錢。根據(jù)上文“___9___thewindowofthecar”可知，敲車窗的目的是引起司機(jī)注意。故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，一個(gè)過路人從街對面看到了她，走到車前攔住了司機(jī)。A.call打；B.see看；C.stop停止；D.beat打敗。根據(jù)上文“passerbysawherfromacrossthestreet”可知，路人看到了，所以阻止了司機(jī)在向前開。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時(shí)，托馬辛哈摔倒了，受了重傷。A.joked開玩笑；B.arrived到達(dá)；C.stood站立；D.fell摔倒。根據(jù)下午“shehadaseriousinjury”可知，摔倒了，受傷了。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，當(dāng)戈麥斯回想起這位陌生人的善良時(shí)，他說很難表達(dá)他的感激之情。A.passenger乘客；B.stranger陌生人；C.student學(xué)生；D.doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)上文“apasserby”可知，路過的人是陌生人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，當(dāng)戈麥斯回想起這位陌生人的善良時(shí)，他說很難表達(dá)他的感激之情。A.concern擔(dān)憂；B.sadness悲傷；C.interest興趣；D.appreciation感激，欣賞。根據(jù)下文“Thankyou”可知，陌生人幫助了戈麥斯的母親，所以自然是感謝的。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：我不知道還有什么比‘謝謝’更好的話來感謝你為我母親和我所做的一切。A.kinder較善良的；B.shorter較短的；C.better較好的；D.fewer較少的。根據(jù)下文“saythan‘Thankyou’forwhatyoudidformymotherandforwhatyoudidforme”可知，沒有什么比‘謝謝’更好的話來感謝這位陌生人的了。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Millionsofbuspassengerswillenj