浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

絕密★考試結(jié)束前浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期中考試高一年級(jí)英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁(yè)滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題紙上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，20小題，每題1.5分，滿分30分）第一節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whichplacedoestheman'steamget?A.Thefirst.B.Thesecond.C.Thethird.2.WhatisSarahdoing?A.Tryingonadress.B.Designingadress.C.Makingadress.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inamuseum.C.Atabookstore.4.Whatwillthespeakersdothisweekend?A.Watchamovie.B.Seeaplay.C.Enjoyamusical.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Studyingspecies.B.Choosingacourse.C.Learningalanguage.第二節(jié)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howlongdoesthewomanworkaday?A.About7hours.B.About9hours.C.About10hours.7.Whatdoesthewomandoeverymorning?A.Shewatchestelevision.B.Shetakesexercise.C.Shewalkstowork.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Atwhattimedoestheprogramstart?A.6:00p.m.B.7:00p.m.C.10:00p.m9.Whydoesthewomansuggestherstudentsseetheprogram?A.Becauseitisinteresting.B.Becausethehostisherbrother.C.Becauseitishelpfulfortheirscienceproject.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whycanthewomankeepslim?A.Sheseldomeatsmeat.B.Shegoesonadiet.C.Shedoesmuchexercise.11.Howoftendoesthebasketballclubmeet?A.Onceaweek.B.Oncetwoweeks.C.Onceamonth.12.WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonSunday?A.Gotothegym.B.Buyanexercisebike.C.Lookforrunningmachines.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdidPam'shobbyusetobe?A.Cycling.B.Boating.C.Horseriding.14.WhichpartofPam'sbodyisbadlyhurt?A.Herarms.B.Herlegs.C.Herfoot.15.Whatwillthewomandointheafternoon?A.VisitPam.B.Buysomechocolate.C.Readmagazinesathome.16.WhatrelationisthemantoPam?A.Herclassmate.B.Herbrother.C.Herhusband.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whyisthespeakergivingthetalk?A.Towelcomenewstudents.B.Toinvitestudentstoaparty.C.Tocorrectthemistakesininvitations.18.Whatwillbeheldtowelcomenewstudents?A.Alunchparty.B.Adancingparty.C.Adinnerparty.19.Howlongwillthepartylast?A.Threehours.B.Fourhours.C.Sevenhours.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutSmithStreet?A.Itisverylong.B.Itiscrowded.C.Itisunderrepair.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，20小題，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAmazingscience-inspiredtoursJoinusinamazingscience-inspiredtoursacrosstheglobewithexpertsonboardandinthecompanyoffellowtravelerswhoenjoythediscoveryofscience.NewZealand1November2024|8daysDiscovertheamazinganddiverselandscapesofNewZealand,thatovermillionsofyearshavebeenshapedbyforcesdeepwithintheearth.ExploreNorthIsland’skeygeologicalregionsincludingIslandvolcano,Waitomocaves.Meetlocalexpertsalongthewayandenjoylecturesfromscienceexperts.CostaRica6November2024|13daysThistourwillcoverawealthoffascinatingecosystems,includingwetlands,mainrainforests,volcaniczonesandallkindsoflifeinseareservesandnationalparks.ExploresomeofCostaRica'samazinghighlightsfromwanderingthroughthehistoricstreetsofSanJose,walkinghighupalongMonteverde'sskywalktrailsthroughthecloudforestandfeelingthestrengthoftheArenalVolcano.Peru17September2024|10daysImmerseyourselfintheIncacivilization’smostimportantarchaeologicalsites,includingMachuPicchuasyoudiscoverhowthestoryoftheIncasissomuchmorethanMachuPicchu.ExplorethescienceandhistorywhileexploringthebeautifulSacredValley.Spendtimeexploringthemuseums,archaeologicalremainsandbeautifulSpanishbuildingsandtravelthroughthespectacularlandscapesoftheSacredValley.Norway18October2024|13daysJoinourseaexpeditionexploringthenorthernmostregionofEarth,theareaofthepolarbearandthemidnightsun.Gainwideknowledgeofseaandpolarnaturewhiledeepeningyourconnectiontothisremoteandruggedarchipelago.AccompaniedbyNewScientist'sRowanHooperalongwithhighlyknowledgeableandsupportiveexpeditionteam,expertsinexplorationscience,andwildlife.1.Whichtourwillyoujoinifyouareinterestedinbothseaandpolarnature?A.Peru. B.Norway. C.NewZealand. D.CostaRica.2.Whatdothefourtourshaveincommon?A.AllofthetourswillbetakeninNovember.B.Allofthetourswillbeguidedbyscientists.C.Allofthetoursaretohavescience-relatedexploration.D.Allofthetourswillinvolvetheexperienceofvisitingvolcano.3.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Anencyclopedia.C.Asciencenewspaper. D.Ageographytextbook.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要詳細(xì)介紹了一系列以科學(xué)為主題的特色旅行活動(dòng)，包括每個(gè)目的地的特色、旅行時(shí)長(zhǎng)以及可以體驗(yàn)的活動(dòng)，以吸引潛在的游客?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Norway部分中的“JoinourseaexpeditionexploringthenorthernmostregionofEarth,theareaofthepolarbearandthemidnightsun.Gainwideknowledgeofseaandpolarnaturewhiledeepeningyourconnectiontothisremoteandruggedarchipelago.(加入我們的海上探險(xiǎn)，探索地球最北端的地區(qū)，這里是北極熊和午夜太陽(yáng)的家園。在加深對(duì)這片偏遠(yuǎn)而崎嶇群島的聯(lián)系的同時(shí)，廣泛了解海洋和極地自然)”可知，如果你對(duì)海洋和極地自然都感興趣，那么挪威之旅是合適的選擇。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Amazingscience-inspiredtours(神奇的科學(xué)之旅)”及第一段“Joinusinamazingscience-inspiredtoursacrosstheglobewithexpertsonboardandinthecompanyoffellowtravelerswhoenjoythediscoveryofscience.(與我們一同踏上全球范圍內(nèi)的神奇科學(xué)靈感之旅吧！此次旅行有專家隨行，還有同樣熱愛(ài)科學(xué)探索的旅伴相伴)”可知，這四個(gè)旅行團(tuán)都將進(jìn)行與科學(xué)相關(guān)的探索。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“Amazingscience-inspiredtours(神奇科學(xué)之旅)”及文章內(nèi)容可知，文章詳細(xì)介紹了四個(gè)不同國(guó)家的旅行團(tuán)，包括時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容和特色，這些都是旅行手冊(cè)中常見(jiàn)的信息，旨在吸引潛在游客。故選A。BIthasbeensevenmonthssinceSierraRobertssetsail--oractuallyboardedaplane--forayear-longadventureinthesmallColombiantownofSantaRosadeCabalinSouthAmerica.HertravelsarepartoftheRotaryYouthExchange,availabletohighschoolstudentsinterestedinlivingandstudyingabroadforoneyear.SantaRosaisknownforitsrichagriculture.ButColombiawasn’tRoberts’firstpreferencefortheexchangeprogram.“I’vealwaysbeeninterestedinforeigncultures,seeingnewthingsandjustlearning,”Robertssaid.“Iwasalwayskindofdrawntotheideaofstudyingabroad.IactuallywantedtogotoSpain.”AssoonasRobertsarrivedinColombiainAugust,herpreconceptionsoftheSouthAmericancountryquicklychanged.RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.InanOct.21blogpost,Robertswrites,“Iwaslettingmyemotionsandthoughtsrunmeover.IrealizedthatIcan’texpectthiscountry,thistown,thesepeopletochangetoaccommodatemeandfixmyhomesickness—that’ssimplysillyandgoesagainstwhatexchangeisreallyabout.”ItwasthatmomentthatRobertssaideverythingaroundherchanged.Shestartedtograspthelanguage,allowinghertobettercommunicatewithherhostfamilyandpeersandevenleadinghertomakemorefriends.Sheevenstarteddreaminginthelanguage.“Ifeelmoregroundedherenow,”saidRoberts,whowillflybacktoIndianainmid-June.Whenshereturns,shewillpresentherexperiencetolocalRotaryclubs.4.WhydidSierraRobertsgotoSantaRosa?A.Togosightseeing. B.Topursueacareerinagriculture.C.Totakeanadventure. D.Tostudyasanexchangestudent.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“preconceptions”inparagraph3mean?AWorries. B.Expectations. C.Opportunities. D.Memories.6.HowdidRobertsfeelwhenshegottoColombia?A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Disappointed. D.Curious.7.WhatcanweinferaboutSierraRoberts?A.Shehasapositiveattitudetolife. B.Sheisgoodwithdifferentpeople.C.SheregretscomingtoSantaRosa. D.Sheisgoodatlearninglanguages.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了SierraRoberts參加扶輪社青年交流計(jì)劃，在哥倫比亞小鎮(zhèn)圣羅莎德卡瓦爾的所見(jiàn)所聞和所感，向讀者展示了她對(duì)異國(guó)文化的體驗(yàn)和適應(yīng)過(guò)程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“HertravelsarepartoftheRotaryYouthExchange,availabletohighschoolstudentsinterestedinlivingandstudyingabroadforoneyear.(她的旅行是“扶輪社青年交流計(jì)劃”的一部分，該計(jì)劃面向?qū)υ趪?guó)外生活和學(xué)習(xí)一年感興趣的高中生。)”可知，SierraRoberts去SantaRosa是作為交換生去學(xué)習(xí)的。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.(Roberts說(shuō)，哥倫比亞與她之前的預(yù)期完全不同，這讓前幾個(gè)月的適應(yīng)變得非常困難。)”可推測(cè)，Roberts在來(lái)之前對(duì)哥倫比亞有一定的預(yù)期或看法，而到達(dá)后這些預(yù)期迅速被改變。因此，劃線詞preconceptions為“預(yù)期”或“看法”之意。選項(xiàng)B“expectations(預(yù)期)”與此相符。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AssoonasRobertsarrivedinColombiainAugust,herpreconceptionsoftheSouthAmericancountryquicklychanged.RobertssaidColombiawasnothinglikewhatshehadexpected,makingthefirstfewmonthsadifficultadjustment.(Roberts一到哥倫比亞（八月），她對(duì)這個(gè)南美國(guó)家的先入為主的觀念就迅速改變了。羅伯茨說(shuō)，哥倫比亞與她的預(yù)期完全不同，這讓她在最初的幾個(gè)月里很難適應(yīng)。)”可推測(cè)，Roberts到達(dá)哥倫比亞的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都和自己所認(rèn)為的不太一樣，由此可知，Roberts此時(shí)感到失望。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InanOct.21blogpost,Robertswrites,“Iwaslettingmyemotionsandthoughtsrunmeover.IrealizedthatIcan’texpectthiscountry,thistown,thesepeopletochangetoaccommodatemeandfixmyhomesickness—that’ssimplysillyandgoesagainstwhatexchangeisreallyabout.”(在10月21日的一篇博客文章中，Roberts寫(xiě)道：“我讓我的情緒和想法控制了我。我意識(shí)到，我不能期望這個(gè)國(guó)家、這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)、這些人會(huì)改變來(lái)適應(yīng)我，并解決我的思鄉(xiāng)之情——這太傻了，也違背了交流項(xiàng)目的真正意義?！?”、第五段“ItwasthatmomentthatRobertssaideverythingaroundherchanged.Shestartedtograspthelanguage,allowinghertobettercommunicatewithherhostfamilyandpeersandevenleadinghertomakemorefriends.Sheevenstarteddreaminginthelanguage.(Roberts說(shuō)，就在那一刻，她周圍的一切都改變了。她開(kāi)始掌握語(yǔ)言，這使她能夠更好地與寄宿家庭和同齡人交流，甚至幫助她結(jié)交了更多的朋友。她甚至開(kāi)始用這種語(yǔ)言做夢(mèng)。)”可推測(cè)，面對(duì)困難時(shí)，Roberts沒(méi)有退縮，反而積極面對(duì)問(wèn)題，解決問(wèn)題，說(shuō)明Roberts對(duì)生活有著積極的態(tài)度。故選A。CResearchershavedevelopedanewsoftrobotdesignthatconductsitselfwiththreebehavioursatthesametime:rolling(翻滾)forward,turninglikearecordandfollowingapaththatgoesaroundacentralpoint.Theequipment,whichoperateswithouthumanorcomputercontrol,holdspromisefordevelopingsoftrobotsthatcanbeusedtoAA-headandmapunknownenvironments.Thenewsoftrobotsarecalledtwistedring-bots(扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人).Theyaremadeofsomethinglikearibbon(緞帶)andthenjoinedtogetherattheendtoformaring.Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.“Theribbonrollsonitshorizontalaxis(橫軸),givingtheringforwardstrength,”saysJieYin,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineering.Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.However,ifthetwistedring-botmeetsaboundary--likethewallofabox-itwilltravelalongtheboundary.Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.“Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”8.Whatmakestherobotrollfasterandfaster?A.Theribbon. B.Thecentralaxis.C.Thehighersurfacetemperature. D.Theshapeandmaterial.9.Howdoestheauthorintroducethenewsoftrobots?A.Byofferingreasonsandresults. B.Byquotingexperts’opinions.C.Bymakingsomecomparisons. D.Byexplainingtherobot’sworkingways.10.WhatisYin’sattitudetowardstwistedring-bots?A.Positive. B.Unclear. C.Negative. D.Doubtful.11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutring-botsistrue?A.Thetwistedring-botsrequirehumanorcomputercontroltooperate.B.Thetwistedring-botsstopmovingwhentheyencounteraboundary.C.Thetwistedring-botscanonlyrollonsurfacesthatarebelow55degreesCelsius.D.Thebehaviorofthetwistedring-botsisdecidedbydesignandthematerials.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)的一種新的軟機(jī)器人設(shè)計(jì)——扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人，詳細(xì)描述了其工作原理、行為特性以及所屬的技術(shù)領(lǐng)域?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(當(dāng)機(jī)器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上（這個(gè)溫度高于周圍空氣的溫度）時(shí)，接觸表面的緞帶部分會(huì)變小，而暴露在空氣中的部分則不會(huì)。這會(huì)產(chǎn)生滾動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)：表面越熱，機(jī)器人滾動(dòng)得越快。)”可知，更高的表面溫度是導(dǎo)致機(jī)器人滾動(dòng)速度加快的直接原因。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whentherobotsareplacedonasurfacethatisatleast55degreesCelsius,whichishotterthanthesurroundingair,onepartoftheribbontouchingthesurfacebecomessmaller,whileonepartintheairdoesnot.Thisinducesarollingmovement:thewarmerthesurface,thefastertherobotrolls.(當(dāng)機(jī)器人被放置在至少55攝氏度的表面上（這個(gè)溫度高于周圍空氣的溫度）時(shí)，接觸表面的緞帶部分會(huì)變小，而暴露在空氣中的部分則不會(huì)。這會(huì)產(chǎn)生滾動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)：表面越熱，機(jī)器人滾動(dòng)得越快。)”以及文章第四段“Thetwistedring-botalsoturnsalongitscentralaxis.Andasthetwistedring-botmovesforwardittravelsinapatharoundacentralpoint,basicallymovinginalargecircle.(扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人還會(huì)沿著其中心軸旋轉(zhuǎn)。當(dāng)扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人向前移動(dòng)時(shí)，它會(huì)沿著一個(gè)以中心點(diǎn)為路徑的圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，基本上是在一個(gè)大圓圈內(nèi)移動(dòng)。)”，可知，作者詳細(xì)描述了新型軟機(jī)器人的工作原理和行為特性來(lái)介紹新型機(jī)器人。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Softroboticsisstillarelativelynewfield.”Yinsays.“Findingnewwaystocontrolthemovementofsoftrobotsinarepeatableandengineeredwaymovesthefieldforward.Andadvancingourunderstandingofwhatispossibleisexciting.”(“軟機(jī)器人學(xué)仍然是一個(gè)相對(duì)新的領(lǐng)域?！盰in說(shuō)?！罢业揭钥芍貜?fù)和工程化的方式控制軟機(jī)器人運(yùn)動(dòng)的新方法將推動(dòng)該領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。而對(duì)我們所能實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性有更深入的理解，這是令人興奮的?！?”可知，Yin對(duì)扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人和軟機(jī)器人學(xué)領(lǐng)域的積極態(tài)度。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thetwistedring-botsareexamplesofequipmentwhosebehaviourisgovernedbyphysicalintelligence,meaningtheiractionsaredeterminedbytheirstructuraldesignandthematerialstheyaremadeof,ratherthanbeingdirectedbyacomputerorhuman.(扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人是物理智能控制行為的設(shè)備的一個(gè)例子，這意味著它們的行為是由其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和所用材料決定的，而不是由計(jì)算機(jī)或人類指揮的。)”可知，扭曲環(huán)機(jī)器人的行為是由其設(shè)計(jì)和材料決定的。故選D。DYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,”apairof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat’spartofVonWong’sartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說(shuō)明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.12.WhatisthemainpurposeofBenjaminVonWong’sartprojects?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.C.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.13.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?A.Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling. B.Tofindareplacementforthem.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart. D.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.14.Whateffectwould“TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Refreshing. C.Disturbing. D.Challenging.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafety B.MediaInterestinModernArtC.OceanPlasticsChangedintoSculptures D.BigCompanies’Responsibility【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要通過(guò)介紹藝術(shù)家BenjaminVonWong利用塑料垃圾制作雕塑的行為和目的，以及相關(guān)的塑料污染數(shù)據(jù)，旨在提高讀者對(duì)塑料污染問(wèn)題的認(rèn)識(shí)，并呼吁大家減少使用一次性塑料制品，共同保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(他用塑料垃圾制作了許多雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視自己與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”可知，BenjaminVonWong的藝術(shù)項(xiàng)目的主要目的是引起公眾對(duì)塑料垃圾問(wèn)題的關(guān)注。故選B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsourceofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.(塑料吸管絕不是塑料污染的最大來(lái)源，但最近它們卻備受指責(zé)，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)人根本不需要用吸管來(lái)喝東西，而且由于其體積小、重量輕，它們無(wú)法被回收。)”可知，作者討論塑料吸管是為了展示它們回收的困難。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate(說(shuō)明)aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped(傾倒)fromatruckallatonce.(在2018年的一件作品中，VonWong想說(shuō)明一個(gè)具體的數(shù)據(jù)：每60秒，就有一輛卡車滿載的塑料垃圾進(jìn)入海洋。為了這件名為“滿載塑料的卡車”的作品，VonWong和一群志愿者收集了10,000多件塑料制品，然后將它們綁在一起，看起來(lái)就像是一次性從卡車上傾倒下來(lái)的。)”可知，“TruckloadofPlastic”這個(gè)作品對(duì)觀眾的影響是令人不安的。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmanysculptures(雕塑)outofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.(你或許已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)塑料正在污染海洋——每年有480萬(wàn)至1270萬(wàn)噸塑料垃圾進(jìn)入海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。但是，一根塑料吸管或一個(gè)塑料杯真的會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響嗎？藝術(shù)家BenjaminVonWong想讓你知道，它們確實(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響。他用塑料垃圾制作了許多雕塑，迫使觀眾重新審視自己與一次性塑料產(chǎn)品的關(guān)系。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了藝術(shù)家BenjaminVonWong將海洋中的塑料垃圾變成雕塑，以此來(lái)提醒人們塑料污染的問(wèn)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余項(xiàng)。Howwefeelaboutourselvescaninfluencehowweliveourlives.Peoplewithgoodself-esteem(自尊心)havebetterrelationships.___16___Peoplewhobelievetheycanachievegoalsandsolveproblemsaremorelikelytodowellinschool.Havinggoodself-esteemallowsyoutoacceptyourselfandlivelifetothefullest.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourself-esteem,herearesomesteps:●Viewmistakesaschancestolearn.Acceptthatyouwillmakemistakesaseveryonedoes.Mistakesarepartoflearning.●Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtofocusingonyourweakness,startthinkingaboutthepositiveaspectsofyourselfthatoutweighthem.___17___●Trynewthings.Experimentwithdifferentactivitiesthatwillhelpyougetintouchwithyourtalents.Thentakeprideinnewskillsyoudevelop.●___18___Ifyourealizethatyou’reunhappywithsomethingaboutyourselfthatyoucanchange,thenstarttoday.Ifit’ssomethingyoucan’tchange(likeyourheight),thenstarttoworktowardlovingyourselfthewayyouare.●Takeprideinyouropinionsandideas.Don’tbeafraidtovoicethem.●Makeacontribution.Tutoraclassmatewho’shavingtrouble.___19___Or,volunteeryourtimeinsomeotherway.Feelinglikeyou’remakingadifferenceandthatyourhelpisvaluedcandowonderstoimproveself-esteem.Self-esteemplaysaroleinalmosteverythingyoudo.___20___Butonceyoudo,it’saskillyou’llhaveforlife.A.Offertocleanupyourneighborhood.B.Avoidcomparingyourselftoothers.C.Aimforachievementsratherthanperfection.D.Ittakessomeworktodevelopgoodself-esteem.E.Recognizewhatyoucanchangeandwhatyoucan’t.F.Eachday,writedownthreethingsaboutyourselfthatmakeyouhappy.G.They’remorelikelytoaskforhelpandsupportfromfriendsandfamilywhentheyneedit.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要探討了自尊心對(duì)我們生活的影響，以及如何培養(yǎng)和提高自尊心?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Peoplewithgoodself-esteem(自尊心)havebetterrelationships.(自尊心強(qiáng)的人有更好的人際關(guān)系。)”以及空后“Peoplewhobelievetheycanachievegoalsandsolveproblemsaremorelikelytodowellinschool.(相信自己能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)目標(biāo)和解決問(wèn)題的人在學(xué)校更有可能表現(xiàn)出色。)”可知，空處需要承上啟下，既要承接上文關(guān)于自尊心強(qiáng)的人的正面特點(diǎn)，又要引出下文關(guān)于自尊心如何影響個(gè)人表現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)G“They’remorelikelytoaskforhelpandsupportfromfriendsandfamilywhentheyneedit.(當(dāng)他們需要幫助時(shí)，他們更有可能向朋友和家人尋求幫助和支持)”與上文內(nèi)容銜接，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了自尊心強(qiáng)的人在遇到困難時(shí)會(huì)積極尋求幫助，這種積極的態(tài)度有助于他們?cè)谏詈蛯W(xué)業(yè)上取得成功，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Trytostopthinkingnegativethoughtsaboutyourself.Ifyou’reusedtofocusingonyourweakness,startthinkingaboutthepositiveaspectsofyourselfthatoutweighthem.(試著停止對(duì)自己的負(fù)面想法。如果你習(xí)慣于關(guān)注自己的弱點(diǎn)，那就開(kāi)始想想那些超過(guò)它們的積極方面。)”可知，上文提到了停止負(fù)面想法，開(kāi)始想想積極方面。選項(xiàng)F“Eachday,writedownthreethingsaboutyourselfthatmakeyouhappy.(每天寫(xiě)下三件讓你開(kāi)心的事情。)”自然延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出多想想積極的內(nèi)容，每天寫(xiě)下三件讓自己開(kāi)心的事情。故選F?！?8題詳解】空處為本段小標(biāo)題，為本段主要內(nèi)容。根據(jù)下文“Ifyourealizethatyou’reunhappywithsomethingaboutyourselfthatyoucanchange,thenstarttoday.Ifit’ssomethingyoucan’tchange(likeyourheight),thenstarttoworktowardlovingyourselfthewayyouare.(如果你意識(shí)到你對(duì)自己身上某些可以改變的事情不滿意，那就從今天開(kāi)始改變。如果它是你無(wú)法改變的事情（比如你的身高），那就開(kāi)始努力接受現(xiàn)在的自己。)”可知，本段主要講述了要認(rèn)清自己能改變的和不能改變的，然后采取相應(yīng)的行動(dòng)。因此，選項(xiàng)E“Recognizewhatyoucanchangeandwhatyoucan’t.(認(rèn)清你能改變的和不能改變的)”能夠準(zhǔn)確地概括下文的內(nèi)容。故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Makeacontribution.Tutoraclassmatewho’shavingtrouble.(做出貢獻(xiàn)。輔導(dǎo)有困難同學(xué)。)”可知，上文建議我們幫助有困難的同學(xué)。選項(xiàng)A“Offertocleanupyourneighborhood.(主動(dòng)提出清理你的社區(qū))”與上文內(nèi)容一致，共同指出我們可以做出貢獻(xiàn)。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Self-esteemplaysaroleinalmosteverythingyoudo.(自尊心幾乎在你所做的每一件事中都起著作用。)”可知，自尊心很重要。選項(xiàng)D“Ittakessomeworktodevelopgoodself-esteem.(培養(yǎng)良好的自尊心需要一些努力。)”自然延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，指出自尊心很重要，培養(yǎng)自尊心需要一些努力。從而自然引出下文“Butonceyoudo,it’saskillyou’llhaveforlife.(但一旦你學(xué)會(huì)了，這將是一項(xiàng)終生的技能。)”故選D。第三部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.Iglancedforamomentbut___21___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___22___hewasaderelict(流浪漢).Onmywaybackthatafternoon,inthesameplaceIsawanambulanceandthemanwasbeing___23___bytwonurses.Hewasn’taderelictbutaworker,who___24___fellillonhiswaytowork.ShameshockedmewhenIrealizedthatsick,oldmanhadputupwiththe___25___oftheentireday.Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.Noonestopped.Noone___26___.Severalmonthslater,Iagain___27___anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath.Caughtupinthe___28___rushofpeopletravelingtowork,Iwouldhave___29___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.However,the____30____oftheoldWinterManforcedmetowalktothemanontheground,whowasdressedinsmartclothesbutlifeless.IbentdowntoaskifhewasOK.He____31____consciousness(意識(shí))again,andtoldmehewasdiabetic(患糖尿病的)and____32____metocallanambulanceforhim,whichIdid.Veryweak,hesaidtome,inawhisper,“Nobodystopped.Thankyou.”Ilookedintohiseyesforamomentin____33____,butmuchwasspokenwithoutawordbeingsaid.Astheapproachingambulancesiren(鳴笛聲)announcedthearrivalofhelp,anumberof____34____rushedatme:sadnessfortheWinterManandreliefthatIdidn’twalkpastanotherpersonin____35____.Iwasamazedthatithadbeensoeasytobehelpful.21.A.recognized B.comforted C.understood D.ignored22.A.thought B.learned C.proved D.debated23.A.protected B.guided C.attended D.watched24.A.narrowly B.finally C.suddenly D.obviously25.A.adventure B.loneliness C.tiredness D.coldness26.A.waited B.saw C.knew D.cared27.A.gaveup B.cameacross C.lookedfor D.focusedon28.A.frequent B.usual C.formal D.gradual29.A.passed B.helped C.followed D.greeted30.A.behaviour B.comment C.impression D.memory31.A.gained B.quit C.lost D.attracted32.A.forced B.allowed C.commented D.asked33.A.annoyance B.excitement C.silence D.pain34.A.dreams B.emotions C.plans D.opinions35.A.fear B.action C.fact D.need【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.C25.D26.D27.B28.B29.A30.D31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在悉尼環(huán)形碼頭車站遇到的一位生病老人的故事，包括作者最初對(duì)老人的忽視、后來(lái)意識(shí)到老人并非流浪漢而是生病的工人、再次遇到類似情境時(shí)選擇伸出援手，以及作者對(duì)此事的反思和感受?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我匆匆一瞥，以為他是個(gè)流浪漢，便沒(méi)有理會(huì)，繼續(xù)朝辦公室走去。A.recognized認(rèn)出；B.comforted安慰；C.understood理解；D.ignored忽視。根據(jù)空后“walkedontomyoffice”可知，作者并沒(méi)有理會(huì)這個(gè)老人，繼續(xù)朝辦公室走去。故選D。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我匆匆一瞥，以為他是個(gè)流浪漢，便沒(méi)有理會(huì)，繼續(xù)朝辦公室走去。A.thought想、認(rèn)為；B.learned學(xué)習(xí)、了解；C.proved證明；D.debated辯論。根據(jù)上文“Iglancedforamomentbut___1___himandwalkedontomyoffice”可知，作者誤以為這位老人是個(gè)流浪漢。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天下午，在我回來(lái)的路上，在同一個(gè)地方，我看到了一輛救護(hù)車，兩名護(hù)士正在照料那位老人。A.protected保護(hù)；B.guided引導(dǎo)；C.attended出席、照顧；D.watched看。根據(jù)空前“Isawanambulance”以及空后的“bytwonurses”可推測(cè)，兩位護(hù)士正在照顧這位老人。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他并非流浪漢，而是一名工人，在去上班的路上突然生病了。A.narrowly勉強(qiáng)地；B.finally最后；C.suddenly突然；D.obviously顯然。根據(jù)空后的“onhiswaytowork”以及上文所提及的“Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.”可推測(cè)，這位老人是在去上班的路上突然生病了。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我意識(shí)到這位生病的老人一整天都在忍受寒冷時(shí)，我感到羞愧難當(dāng)。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.loneliness孤獨(dú)；C.tiredness疲倦；D.coldness寒冷。根據(jù)上文“Onacoldwintermorning,anoldmansatawkwardlyagainstawallatSydney’sCircularQuaystation.”可知，事情發(fā)生在一個(gè)寒冷的冬日。再根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，老人倚坐在一堵墻旁近一天才得到救助。因此可知，他忍受了一天的寒冷。故選D。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有人關(guān)心他。A.waited等待；B.saw看到；C.knew知道；D.cared關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文“Heprobablyreachedouttopassers-byforhelp.Noonestopped.”可知，并沒(méi)有人關(guān)心他。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月后，我又遇到了一位老人，他半躺在人行道上。A.gaveup放棄；B.cameacross偶遇；C.lookedfor尋找；D.focusedon專注于。根據(jù)空后“anoldmanhalflyingonthefootpath”可知，作者又偶遇了一個(gè)老人。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)正值尋常的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆，我本想像以前一樣快速走過(guò)。A.frequent頻繁的；B.usual通常的；C.formal正式的；D.gradual逐漸的。根據(jù)下文“Iwouldhave___9___himquicklyasIhaddonebefore.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)正值平時(shí)一樣的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆。故選B。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)正值尋常的上班高峰期，人們行色匆匆，我本想像以前一樣快速走過(guò)。A.passed通過(guò)；B.helped幫助；C.followed跟隨；D.greeted問(wèn)候。根據(jù)上文“Iglancedforamomentbut___1___himandwalkedontomyofficeasI___2___hewasaderelict(流浪漢).”可知，作者以前遇到這樣的事情，會(huì)快速走過(guò)。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，那位冬日老人的記憶迫使我走向地上的老人，他穿著整潔的衣服，但毫無(wú)生氣。A.behavi