初中英語八大時態(tài)課件.ppt

1、初中英語八大時態(tài),Review of Tenses,1、The Simple Present Tense 一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),教學(xué)重、難點,一般現(xiàn)在時,表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài) 常與every day , on Sundays, sometimes , often ，usually ,always,等連用 結(jié)構(gòu) ： 1、主語+動詞原形+其他 Eg. I have a meeting on Sundays . They visit their parents once a month.,注: 主語(三單)+ 動詞(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)+其他,Eg. She likes it very much.

2、She usually goes to school at 7 oclock every morning.,動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式,在動詞后+s 在以s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾的動詞+es 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞， 先變y 為i，再加es 特殊 have-has 等,help guess fly make leave fix swim know,play close go study get read bring watch,寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式,carry do wash visit exercise enjoy jump have,s,ies,es,s,es,s,s,s,es,s

3、,ies,s,s,s,has,es,s,s,es,s,s,es,ies,s,一般現(xiàn)在時否定式,be + not dont do / doesnt do,II 一般現(xiàn)在時的否定式,1.Be 動詞的否定式: be + not,I am a teacher. You are a worker She is a doctor We are friends.,Im not a teacher You arent a worker She isnt a doctor. We arent friends.,is not=isnt are not=arent,否定句,2.當(dāng)主語是單數(shù)第三人稱時，它與助動詞Do

4、es有關(guān)，但是動詞謂語一定要恢復(fù)為原形。當(dāng)主語是其他人稱時，它與助動詞Do有關(guān)。,I like English. She likes it very much. We go to work by bike.,I dont like English. She doesnt like it very much. We dont go to work by bike.,否定句,概念：用 yes 或 no 來回答的疑問句叫做一般疑問句。 一般疑問句句首的第一個詞一般讀得比較重。,III一般疑問句,1.對于be 動詞，疑問句要求把be 提前，第一人稱變成第二人稱。,疑問句,I am a teacher.

5、,Are you a teacher?,You are a worker.,Are you a worker?,He is a student.,Is he a student?,We are friends.,Are you friends?,2.對于實意動詞，疑問句要求是：當(dāng)主語是他(he)，她(she)，它(it)時，句子前面加does，并把動詞恢復(fù)原形；當(dāng)主語是其他人稱時，句前加do ，第一人稱(I/we) 換第二人稱(you)。,I often go there. You like the music. He goes to work by bus . We /You/They li

6、ke it.,Do you often go there ? Do you like the music.? Does he go to work by bus ? Do you/they like it?,1.He has a meeting on Sundays . 2.He goes to school at seven in the morning . 3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays. 4.We do our homework after school.,把下列句子改為一般疑問句,Does he have a mee

7、ting on Sundays ?,Does he go to school at seven in the morning?,Do your father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays ?,Do you do your homework after school ?,exercise,把下列句子改為否定句,1.My father has an egg for breakfast . 2.Li Lei does his homework after school. 3.We do our homework at home. 4.They have

8、 a meeting every morning .,My father doesnt have an egg for breakfast .,Li Lei doesnt do his homework after school.,We dont do our homework at home .,They dont have a meeting every morning .,1.We often _ (play) in the playground. 2. He _ (get) up at six oclock. 3. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every mo

9、rning? 4.What _ he usually_ (do) after school? 5.Danny_ (study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school. 6.Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7.She _ (watch) TV with his parents every evening. 8._ Mike _(read) English every day?,用所給動詞的正確形式及助動詞填空,play,gets,Do brush,does do,s

10、tudies,goes,watches,Does read,2、一般過去時,The Simple Present Tense,教學(xué)重、難點,一般過去時,一般過去時指動作發(fā)生在過去 有時候會有例如yesterday, last year等表示 過去時間的標(biāo)志 一般過去時主要要注意動詞的變化,be動詞和實意動詞,含有be動詞的一般過去式,She is in Beijing. She was in Beijing . I am a student. I was a student. We are friends. We were friends.,含有be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時變一般過去時, 把is和am

11、改成was,把are改成were,練習(xí):,1. She is a teacher. She _a teacher. 2. They are from Japan. They _ from Japan. I am very tired. I _ very tired. He is too young to go to school. He _too young to go to school. 5. You are late for school. You _late for school.,was,were,was,was,were,不含be動詞的一般過去時,不含be動詞的句子改寫成一般過去時

12、， 把句子中的動詞改為過去式形式。通常有 五種寫法。,I work in this city. I worked in this city last year.,They live in Shanghai . They lived in Shanghai last year.,動詞過去式的寫法：,一般情況， 在動詞末尾 加ed,動詞以e結(jié)尾的，直接在詞尾加d,3、 輔音加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加ed I study in Beijing. I studied in Beijing .,Study,copy Cry ,fly,4、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫詞尾字母加ed she stops. she sto

13、pped.,5 、特殊 I go to school by bike every day. I went to school by bike yesterday.,例如：have/hashad, go-went, eat-ate, say-said thinkthought, come-came,不規(guī)則動詞練習(xí),I think you are right. I thought you were right. She eats an apple every week. She ate an apple an hour ago.,3、一般將來時,The Future Simple Tense,教學(xué)

14、重、難點,一般將來時,相對于講話時間將要發(fā)生的動作或情況,2.時間狀語（判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）：,tomorrow 明天 next week 下周 the day after tomorrow 后天 soon 不久 in the future 在將來 in+一段時間 多久之后才.,The Future Simple Tense,1.will+動詞原形 (I /we shall) 2.be going to+動詞原形 3.be+v-ing 4.一般現(xiàn)在時表將來,結(jié)構(gòu),1.will/shallv原形 表示一個將來的動作或狀態(tài)，“要,會” Eg. 1) She will go to the park tomor

15、row. 2) I will return home as soon as I finish my task.,2、be going to + v原形 表示打算做某事 表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有跡象表明將要發(fā)生某事。 - What _do this evening? - I am going to do my lessons. 看那些烏云要下雨了. Loot at the dark clouds. It _rain.,is going to,are you going to,3. be +v-ing go, come, leave, start, arrive, stay, fly, land, take

16、 off等動詞可用現(xiàn)在進行時表示安排和計劃或即將發(fā)生的動作。 我們明天動身去青島. Were leaving for Qingdao.,6.表示與生日,日歷,課時安排或交通時刻表有關(guān)的動作(一種規(guī)律) ，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來時態(tài) 常用于轉(zhuǎn)移動詞如： ( begin, come , leave, go, arrive, start, stop, return, open, close ） Eg. 1、The evening class begins at 19:00. 2、The train starts at two.,If 條件句中，動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。,If we hurry, we

17、may catch the bus. 如果我們快點的話，我們也許會趕上公交車 If it rains tomorrow, the travel will be canceled.如果明天下雨的話，旅游將取消。,1. What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _quite early, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. finished; are going B. finished; go C. finis

18、hes; are going D. finishes; go,Exercise:,2. My younger brother _be 15 years old next year. A. is going to B. will C. is to D. should,1. The agreement _ come into force next year. Im not feeling well, and I _ go to see a doctor. If you_ _(dont pass) the exam, you will be criticized by your parents.,w

19、ill,will,dont pass,5.How _ you _ spend your holiday? Ive decided to repaint this room. Oh, have you? What colour _ you _ paint it? The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden. Thats a good idea. I _ join you.,will,are,going to,are,going to,4、現(xiàn)在進行時,Review of the Present Continuous Tens

20、e,教學(xué)重、難點：,知識要點：,一.現(xiàn)在進行時的定義:,現(xiàn)在進行時是表示現(xiàn)在、說話瞬間或當(dāng)前一直正在做著的動作.,Eg: 1. Jenny is watching TV now. 2.I am writing.,五.現(xiàn)在進行時的判斷：,（1）一般句中用到表示“在現(xiàn)在”的時間狀語，如：now, right now, at the moment 或Its+幾點鐘”句型，常判斷用現(xiàn)在進行時。Eg: Lets go fast .Mr. Wu is waiting for us now. Its six oclock.The children are playing basketball.,(2)句中用

21、到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Dont make noise!”等提示語時，表明說話間另一個動作正在進行，這時，句子也要用現(xiàn)在進行時。 Eg: Keep quiet ! The teachers are talking in the office.,She,read,is,ing,now.,Listen!,The bird,is,sing,ing.,二.現(xiàn)在進行時的謂語結(jié)構(gòu):,現(xiàn)在進行時的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為:am/is/are +現(xiàn)在分詞.Am/is/are 在現(xiàn)在進行時句子謂語結(jié)構(gòu)中作助動詞用，無詞義。Am/is/are的選擇運用由句子的主語人稱或數(shù)決定。,A:

22、I am watching TV at home. B: Dave is cleaning the floor. C: The students are seeing a movie.,2.將現(xiàn)在進行的肯定句變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r，在be動詞后面加上not. Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher. The children are eating some apples at my home.,-Steve isnt talking to his teacher.,-The children arent eating any apples at my home.,四.現(xiàn)在

23、進行時的形式轉(zhuǎn)換：,1.將一個現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧鋾r， 將句中的is或are提到句首。 Eg: Steve is talking to his teacher . I am singing.,-Is Steve talking to his teacher?,-Are you singing?,Talk about the people in the picture.,Whats he doing? Hes reading.,* What are they doing? *They are playing basketball. ,5、過去進行時,Review of the Pas

24、t Continuous Tense,教學(xué)重、難點：,過去進行時,過去進行時的用法與現(xiàn)在進行時相仿，表示過去某時刻或階段正在進行的動作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：be（過去式）+v.ing Eg. I was reading a novel when you called. 你打電話時我正在看一本小說。,exercise,Danny _ _(watch) TV, when you sang. I _ _ _ _(play computer game) at this time yesterday.,was watching,was playing computer game,6、將來進行時,表示將來某時刻正在進

25、行的動作。 結(jié)構(gòu)：will / shall +be+v.ing Eg. We will be having dinner in a minute. 一會兒我們就吃飯。 Danny will be playing football an hour later. Danny 一會兒將會在打球。,Have a try試一試:,He_ (watch) TV now. I _(swim) at this time yesterday. She _(see) the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.,is watching,was

26、 swimming,will be seeing,Translate翻譯,他們一會兒就開會。 They will be having a meeting. 我一會兒就洗衣服。 I will be washing clothes.,7、 The Present Perfect Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時,教學(xué)重、難點：,現(xiàn)在完成時,現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果. 通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副詞 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等狀語連用。,現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu),助動詞have (has) + V過去分詞 注：has 用于第

27、三人稱單數(shù)，have 用于其他所有人稱。 否定句：have/has+ not +V過去分詞 Eg. He has never heard of that before. I have worked here for 20 years. She has already finished the work. My aunt havent lived in China for 3 years.,2.現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,也許還會持續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。可以和表示延續(xù)的時間狀語連用。 如for、since 等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語。（注意：句中謂語動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞）,一段時間的表達方法有兩種

28、: for: +一段時間 for a year for two weeks for three years,過去的某一時刻, since 9 oclock since last week 一般過去時態(tài)的時間狀語從句 since you came since you got home.,注意:for 和since 所引導(dǎo)的時間狀語都表示一段時間.,Since,注意點（1）：一些表示短暫性動作的動詞如come, go, leave, arrive, buy, begin, start, become等不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，這些動作需用表示狀態(tài)的詞連用。,I have had this co

29、at for one year.,試比較：,1） I have bought this coat for one year.,轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動詞歸納,1.直接轉(zhuǎn)化成延續(xù)性動詞 buy catch (get) a cold borrow come/go /become,have,have a cold,keep,be,2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞 join the army join the Party go to school,be a soldier,be a Party member,be a student,3轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞 die finish begin leave fall sle

30、ep close open,be dead,be over,be on,be away,be asleep,be closed,be open,4.轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語 go to school join the army,be in school,be in the army,2) My uncle has come back for 2 days.,My uncle has been back for 2 days.,3) The train has left for an hour.,The train has been away for an hour.,4) The twin br

31、others have joined the army for 2 years.,The twin brothers have been in the army for 2 years.,注意點（2）,have been to 與have gone to 的區(qū)別。,（3） have been (to)和have gone (to)的區(qū)別： have / has been (to) 表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地”，說話時此人不在那里，已經(jīng)回來。側(cè)重指經(jīng)歷。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已經(jīng)去某地了”，說話時此人可能在路上或已到那里. 試比較： He has been to Beij

32、ing. 他曾去過北京。 （人已回來，可能在這兒） He has gone to Beijing. 他已經(jīng)去北京了。 （人已走，不在這兒）。,一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時之比較,一般過去時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調(diào)動作，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況。,分析比較,I saw this film yesterday. （只說明動作發(fā)生在過去。） I have seen this film. （強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） She has returned from Paris. （她已從巴黎回來了。）

33、She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回來的。） He has been in the League for three years. (在團內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。),注意：句子中如有一般過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last week, in 1960）時，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時，要用過去時。例如： （錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter

34、to his parents last night.,Exercises,( ) 1. I have watched the game. When _ you _ it? A. have; watched B. do; watch C. did ;watch D. will; watch,( )2. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago. A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to live ( )3. His grandma _ for two years. A. died B. has died

35、C. was dead D. has been dead,B,B,D,( )4. Where is Han Mei now? She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days. A. has gone B. has been C. goes D. had gone ( )5. _ you _to the United Stated ? No, never,but I went to Canada a few years ago A. Have; been B. Have; gone C. Did; go D. Do; go,( )6. How lo

36、ng have you _ the football team of the school? A. played B. been at C. joined D been on,A,A,D,( )7. Where have you _ these days? I have _ to Kunming with my friends. A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone ( )8. How long have you _ this book? A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent ( )9.

37、 Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? Yes, I _ it last night. A have, see B have, have seen C have, seen D have, saw,B,C,D,（2）現(xiàn)在完成時,My daughter _(go) out. I _(hear) from her these days.(改為現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句) They _(leave) for two years. The old man _(die) for 4 months. We _(see) you recently.(否定句）,has been gone,havent heard,ha