小升初英語知識點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)專題二 詞類 介詞講義.doc

介 詞1.before 和 after 表示時間的先后順序before表示：在.之前after表示：在.之后例如：before eight oclock 八點(diǎn)之前 after lunch 午飯后 you should wash your hands before supper. the boys often play football after school.2.over 和 above 表示位置over 表示：“在.正上方” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某人或某物的正上方，而且兩物體表面表面沒有接觸。above 表示：“在.上方” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)位置在某物體的上方，并不一定是正上方，而且兩物體表面也沒有接觸。例如： i saw a wood bridge over the river. look! some bieds are flying above the trees.3.under 和 below表示位置under表示：“在.正下方” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)在某物的下方，完全覆蓋兩物體的表面可以接觸也可以不接觸。below表示：“在.下方” ，強(qiáng)調(diào)位置低于某參照物，但并不一定是正下方。例如：there is a cat under the table . our classroom is below theirs .4.between 和 among between表示：（位置、時間、數(shù)量等）在.之間（兩者之間）among表示：在.中間（三者或三者以上之間）例如：i often fly between beijing and shanghai. come here between eight and nine oclock. tom is among the crowd.5.behind 和 in front ofbehind 表示：在.后面 in front of表示：在.前面例如：the cat is behind the door. there is a big tree in front of the park. zhang san sits in front of me and li si sits behind me .6.in front of 和 in the front of的比較 in front of 表示一定范圍外的前面 例如：in front of the house 房子的前面（在房子外）in the front of 表示一定范圍內(nèi)的前面 例如：in the front of the classroom 教室的前面（在教室內(nèi)）into 和 out of 表示動態(tài)的介詞，都表示動作方向into 表示：從外向里，進(jìn)來out of：表示由里向外，出去例如：i put the books into my bag. he takes the gift out of the o 和 in 的比較 into表示動態(tài)的進(jìn)入 in 表示靜態(tài)的在里面8.up 和 down表示動態(tài)的介詞，都表示動作方向up表示：由下向上，向.頂上，常與climb等動詞連用down表示：由上向下下，沿著.往下例如：the monkey climbed up the tree quickly. sit down ,please.9.from 和 to from 表示起點(diǎn)，“從.” “來自.” 例如：he is from china.to表示終點(diǎn)，“到.;向.;往.” ，意思和from剛好相反。它前面最常用的動詞就是go.例如：lets go to school.from.to. 表示時間時意思是“從.到.” 例如：we have classes from monday to friday. she did her homework from morning to evening.另外: from.to. 也可以用來表示地點(diǎn)，意思仍然是“從.到.”例如：the train is from beijing totianjin .10.across 、through 和 alongacross 、through 表示“穿過.” ,但是用法有區(qū)別across 表示人或物從另一個物體表面穿過、跨過，強(qiáng)調(diào)從一端到另一端，含有“橫穿”的意思，常與street 、 bridge、raod等名詞連用。例如： there is a bridge across the river . go across the street ,and youll find a school.through 表示從物體內(nèi)部空間（如森林、隧道、云層等）穿過，“從.里面穿過”。例如：we walked through the forest。along 表示：沿著，順著，常與road 、street 、river等名詞連用。如：go along the road ,and then turn left. 介詞練習(xí)一、 選擇填空。1、 class finishes_ half past nine. a .at b. in c.on d.to2、class begins at eight oclock.youd better get to school _ 8:00. a.at b. in c.on d.before3、you should wash you hands _eating,and you shouldnt exercise _eating . a.at ;at b.in; to c. after;before d.before;after 4、we have classes _ 8 am _ 3 pm every day.a.at,at b.at,to c.until,to d.from,to5、seven is the number _ six and eight.a. in b.between c.among d.at 6、walk down the street and walk _the bridge,you will see the shop.a.cross b.at c .through d.across二、把正確答案圈起來。1、the train leaves (at,in)2：30pm.2、i received a beautiful card from tom （in,on ）my birthday.3、（from ,at）7 to 9 (in,before)spring,he often runs around the playground.4、my brother washed the dishes (at,after)supper.5、do you preview (預(yù)習(xí))lessons (after,before)class?6、when did you arrive (at,on)the bus stop.7、the dog is jumping (on ,over)the fence(籬笆)。8、the first astronaut landed on the moon (in,on)1968.9、the train is driving(through,across)the tunnel.三、根據(jù)中文意思，填寫恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。1、我們房后有棵大樹。 there is a big tree _ our house.2、 在這幅畫里你能看到什么？what can you see_this picture.3、 看！湯姆正站在車站旁。look!tom is standing _ the bus stop.4、 啊，我的襪子在床底下。 aha,my socks are _ the bed.四、根據(jù)中文意思填寫介詞，把短語補(bǔ)充完整。1