鋼鐵材料的許用應力

1、表1 普通碳鋼及優(yōu)質碳鋼構件基本許用應力 /MPa材料類型材料標號截面尺寸/mm熱處理材料性能拉 壓彎 曲扭 轉剪 切抗拉強度 b屈服強度 s/MPalllnnn普通碳鋼Q215100熱扎b335410s185215145125901751401059590601009060Q235b375460s205235160140100190160120105956511010070Q275b490610s2352751751501102101701301151057012011080優(yōu)質碳鋼20100正火b410s245175145105210165125115105701201057525b450

2、s275195160115230175135125115751351208035b530s3152101801252502001501351208014512085調質b550750s320370210185130250205155135125851451208545正火b600s3552302001452702201701501359016014095調質b630800s3704302502151503002351801601501001751501005025正火b630s375250215150300235180160150100175150100100調質b700s4002652351

3、65310260195170155105180160110表2 碳鋼鑄件基本許用應力 /MPa材料標號截面尺寸/mm熱處理材料性能拉 壓彎 曲扭 轉剪 切抗拉強度 b屈服強度 s/MPalllnnnZG200400100正火及回火b400s20013512090160135105908060958560ZG230450b450s23015514010018515512010085651109065ZG270500b500s2701751601152101751351151007512010575ZG310570b570s3101901701252301901451251058013011080

4、ZG340640b640s3402001801302402051551301158714012087表3 灰鑄鐵基本許用應力 /MPa材料標號壁 厚/mm抗壓強度/MPa抗拉強度/MPa中 心 抗 壓彎 曲扭 剪壓拉拉 壓lllllHT-1502.51050070017514080502820503023452418102014514080412417412519372015203013014080372115372217331813305012014080341914342115311712HT-2002.5106008002201701006336256338285731231020195

5、17010056322256332550272020301701701004928194929224424173050160170100462618462721412216HT-2504.0108001000270230130774431774635693728102024023013069392769413162332520302202301306336256338285731233050200230130573223573426512821HT-3001020100012002902851608347338350377540302030250285160714129714332643526

6、3050230285160663726663930593224HT-35010201100130034031518097553997584487473520302903151808347338350377540303050260315180744230744433673627 附表 鋼鐵的許用應力（kgf/cm2）載 荷軟 鋼中 硬 鋼鑄 鋼鋼 鐵拉 伸90015006001000300 50012001800800 1200400 6006001200400600200400300200100壓 縮9001500600100012001800800 120090015006001000900

7、600彎 曲90015006001000300 50012001800800 1200400 6007501200500 800250 400剪 切7201200480 800240 4009601440640 960320 480480960320640160320300200100扭 轉6001200400 800200 4009001440640 960320 480480960320640160320（注）載荷指 ：靜載荷：重復載荷：交變載荷表4 許用彎曲應力材 料極限強度kgf/cm2許用應力 kgf/cm2穩(wěn)定載荷沖擊或脈動載荷反復交變載荷碳 素 鋼4000500060007000

8、13001700200023007007509501100400450550650合 金 鋼8000100002700330013001600750900鑄 鋼4000500010001200500700300400表5 軸的常用材料及許用彎曲應力30鋼 號處 理毛坯直徑(mm)機 械 性 能硬 度HB許用彎曲應力wkgf/cm2bkgf/mm2skgf/mm2-1kgf/mm235正 火正 火正 火正火+回火調 質251001003003005005007501001003005452504846565432272624233028262524232226.525.5187143187143

9、1871371871311871632011442011100105010009609201100108045正 火正 火正 火正火+回火調 質251001003003005005007002006160585654653630292827362827.52726253024117020716320715620714920718722911501150113010801050125035SiMn42SiMn調 質251001003003004004005009080757065755245403846403532.531.522928621726921725519725516001400140

10、01350130040MB調 質2520010075805050362402901750145038SiMo調 質100100300300500500800757270606055504038363530228286217269197241186241150014501400125040Cr調 質25100100300300500500800100757065608052504035503735312924128624128622926021726017501500148013001200注：表中-1適用于48，如果光潔度提高或降低，-1應相應提高或降低515%。表6 軸類零件允許變形的參考數(shù)值變形名 稱變 形 允 許 值撓度一般用途的軸需要提高剛度的轉軸安裝齒輪的軸安裝蝸輪的軸=(0.00030.0005)=0.0002=(0.010.05)mn=(0.010.05)mt轉角滑動軸承向心球軸承向心球面軸承圓柱滾子軸承圓錐滾子軸承安裝齒輪的軸承=0.001rad=0.005rad=0.005rad=0.0025rad=0.0016rad=0.001rad注：軸承之間的長度(mm)；mn齒輪法面模數(shù)(mm)；Mt蝸輪的端面模數(shù)(mm)。表7 軸彎曲