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1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載渤紹詞=ii 用法高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)系列動(dòng)名詞是非謂動(dòng)詞的一種形式。從形式上,它與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)中的分詞相同,都是在動(dòng)詞原形的末尾加上-ing。但是動(dòng)名詞的用法與現(xiàn)在分詞還是有很大區(qū)別的。動(dòng)名詞否定形式為not doing,具有動(dòng)詞和名詞的性質(zhì),在句中起名詞作用。【特點(diǎn)】英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)。1它是從動(dòng)詞變化而來(lái)的,所以它保留了動(dòng)詞的某些特征。例如:它能帶自己的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等,這時(shí)就叫動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ);2、顧名思義,動(dòng)名詞最大的特點(diǎn)是它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。因此,動(dòng)名詞可以在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。因?yàn)樗鳛槊~來(lái)使用,所以動(dòng)名詞也有像名詞一樣的”所有格形式”?!痉诸愱U述】【作主語(yǔ)】 動(dòng)名詞是由動(dòng)詞

2、變化而來(lái),所以,動(dòng)名詞的意義往往是表示某個(gè)動(dòng)作或某件事情。例如: Breath ing became difficult at that altitude.在那個(gè)海拔高度呼吸變得很困難。Readi ng En glish aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.早晨朗讀英文會(huì)給你帶來(lái)許多好處。Cheati ng on an exam ruins on es character.考試作弊毀壞人的性格。It takes me ten minu tes to get home from my office.我從辦公室回家要花十分鐘。It n ee

3、ds time to make three copies of it.把它復(fù)制三份需要時(shí)間。His being elected our chairma n made us think of a lot.他當(dāng)選為我們的主席使我們想起了許多許多。 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),對(duì)于一些比較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),一般采用It is和There is兩種句式來(lái)表示。例如:It is no use wait ing for him any Ion ger.等他是沒(méi)有用的。It is no good learning without practice.學(xué)而不實(shí)踐是沒(méi)好處的。It is dan gerous using thi

4、s method to measure the speed of light.用這種方法去測(cè)量光速是危險(xiǎn)的。It is worthwhile con suit ing your tutor about it aga in.很值得再向你的指導(dǎo)老師咨詢一下這個(gè)問(wèn)題。There is no jok ing about such matters.這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it was foun ded.不容抵賴這個(gè)事實(shí),中國(guó)自它成立以來(lái)

5、已在各個(gè)方面都取得了飛速的發(fā)展。There is no littering about.不許亂扔雜物 動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語(yǔ),動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示一般或抽象的多次性行為,不定 式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。例如:Play ing with fire is dan gerous.(泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dan gerous.(指一具體動(dòng)作)但在It is no use/good, not any use/good, useless 等后常用動(dòng)名詞或用不定式?!咀髻e語(yǔ)】 admit,appreciate,avoid,consider,delay,di

6、slike,enjoy,escape, excuse, face, feel, like, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mention,mind, miss, practise, put off, resist, risk, suggest, can help (情不 自禁),can sland (無(wú) 法忍受)等動(dòng)詞成詞組后可以用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),但不能用不定式。 forget, go on , mean, regret, remember, stop, try等動(dòng)詞或詞組可帶動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語(yǔ),但意義上有區(qū)別。例如:Let

7、 go on studying Lesson 6.(讓我們繼續(xù)學(xué)第六課。說(shuō)明前面已學(xué)了一部分。)Let go on to study Lesson 6.(讓我們接著學(xué)第六課。說(shuō)明前面已學(xué)了第五課。)I remember doing the exercise.(我記得做過(guò)練習(xí)。)I must remember to do it.(我必須記著做這事。)I tried n ot to go there.(我設(shè)法不去那里。)I tried doing it aga in.(我試著又干了一次。)Stop speaking.(不要講話。)He stopped to talk.(他停下來(lái)講話。)I mean

8、 to come early today.(我打算今天早些來(lái)。)Miss ing the train means wait ing for ano ther hour.(誤了這趟火車意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。) 在allow , advise, forbid , permit等動(dòng)詞后直接跟動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ),如果后面有名 詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ),其后用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。例如:We don allow smoking here.(我們不允許在這里吸煙)We don allow stude nts to smoke.(我們不允許學(xué)生去吸煙) 動(dòng)詞need, require , want作需要解,其后必須用動(dòng)

9、名詞的主動(dòng)形式或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)表示事情需要做,這時(shí),動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式表示被動(dòng)意義。be worth后必須用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。例如:The wi ndow n eeds/requires/wa nts clea nin g/to be clea ned.Her method is worth trying.(他的方法值得嘗試) 在短語(yǔ) devote to, look forward to , stick to, to be used to, object to, thank you for,excuse me for , be(kept) busy , have diffic

10、ulty/trouble/problem(i n),have a good/wonderful/hard time(in) ,there no use/good/need,feel/seem like/get down to 等后的動(dòng)詞也必須用動(dòng)名詞形式,例如:I look forward to heari ng from you soo n.(我期待盡快收到你的消息) 在love, hate, prefer, like等動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)名詞或不定式無(wú)多大區(qū)別。有時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),指一般情況,而跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)指某一具體行為。 start,begin, continue在書面語(yǔ)中多后接動(dòng)名詞,在口

11、語(yǔ)中多后接不定式。但start和begin在下列情況下一般跟不定式作賓語(yǔ):當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物而不是人時(shí);當(dāng)start或begin以-ing形式出現(xiàn)時(shí),當(dāng)后面作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞表示感情、思想或意念時(shí)。例如:It started to snow. He is begi nning to cook dinn er. I bega n to un dersta nd what he mea nt. 在should(would) like/love 等后須用不定式。【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)】1. (see) is(believe).2. (lay)eggs is the ant queen full-time job.3.It i

12、s no use(argue) with him.4. He man aged to escape(suffer) from the disease.5. The suspect denied(tur n)on the computer in the office that ni ght.6.1m look ing forward to your( come)next time.7.They are against ( use) so many animals in experiments.8.1 dont remember ever( see) her any time.9. He apol

13、ogized for( interrupt)us.10. Tha nk you for( offer) me so much help.11. He is fond of ( watch) sports-games.12.She likes ( make)herself busy all the day.13. The secretary was scolded for not having finished( type) the report in time.14. The trees want ( water).15.1 regret ( have) said some rude word

14、s to my brother.16. We have no idea of their(have) done such kind of thing.17. After (have)been treated in the special way, he could deal witharound him smoothly .18. He cant remember(have) bee n scolded by his boss for that matter.19. People hate(be) praised for nothing .20. The problem is far from(be) solved .21.She didnt mind (be)left alo ne at home .22. Your car needs (fill ).23. This city deserves ( visit) .24.The problem requires(study)everyth ingcarefully.【答案匯總】1. Seei ng believi ng13. typi ng2. Lay ing14.

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