初中英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納一覽表

1、時(shí)態(tài)概念時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：否定結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。always,usually,often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.be動(dòng)詞;行為動(dòng)詞am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加dont,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。把be動(dòng)詞放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài);過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行

2、為ago,yesterday, the day before yesterday, in 1989,just now,last week(year, night, month), at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.be動(dòng)詞;行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。was或were放于句首;用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為now, atthis time, these days, etc基本

3、結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doingam/is/are+not+doing.把be動(dòng)詞放于句首過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作at thistime yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等。was/were+doingwas/were+ not + doing把was或were放于句首現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。recently,lately, sincefor,in the past few years, etc.have/has+

4、 donehave/has+ not +done.have或has放于句首過(guò)去完成時(shí)以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。before,by the end of last year(term, month),etc.had +donehad + not+ donehad放于句首一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事tomorrow,next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day aftertomorrow, etc. am/is/a

5、re+going to + do; will/shall + do.was/were + not; 在行為動(dòng)詞前加didnt，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中the nextday(morning, year),the following month(week),etcwas/were/going to + do;would/should + do.was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.was或were放于句首;would/should

6、提到句首。在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句型中;瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)，與一段時(shí)間連用;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從以來(lái)有時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來(lái)代替It has been;瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time haspassed since + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：A. He joined theLeague two years ago.B. He has been inthe League for two years.