中考英語(yǔ)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題技巧及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)講解

1、中考英語(yǔ)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題技巧及易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)講解1、 考點(diǎn)分析 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題是中考的必考題型。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換要求學(xué)生根據(jù)具體的句子，用所給單詞的正確形式填空。主要考查考生對(duì)詞匯的掌握程度以及對(duì)一些常用的詞綴的使用。詞形轉(zhuǎn)換是指同一詞根派生出的名詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞以及反義詞等詞形的相互轉(zhuǎn)換。2、 專題詳解詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題技巧強(qiáng)化解題策略： 仔細(xì)閱讀題干，正確理解上下文。 判斷空白處應(yīng)填哪種詞性。 根據(jù)所給詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化，使之變?yōu)橄鄳?yīng)的詞。 仔細(xì)檢查，確定答案。 解題依據(jù)必定是從句子成分上來(lái)分析所填詞的詞性。例如：名詞多作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，形容詞多作定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)等。 解題技巧1. 形容詞修飾名詞；2. 副詞修飾形容詞

2、；3. 名詞修飾名詞 4. 前面是不定代詞（some（something，somebody，someone），any（anything，anybody，anyone）， no（nothing，nobody，no one）， every（everything，everybody，everyone，），all，each，both，much，many，（a）little，（a）few，other（s），another，none，one，either， neither等）所填詞多為名詞；5. 前面是助動(dòng)詞（be, have, has,do, does,shall, did,will, should,

3、would），所填詞多為動(dòng)詞； 掌握詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的基本知識(shí)和詞性變化規(guī)則，尤其是常見(jiàn)的后綴變化。根據(jù)所判斷的詞類，聯(lián)想所填詞可能出現(xiàn)的形式或可能搭配的后綴。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換分類匯總I形容詞副詞1、加lyquiet安靜的 quick 快速的 slow慢的 beautiful美麗的 bright明亮的 careful仔細(xì)的 certain一定clear清楚 loud大聲 sad難過(guò)的 wide廣泛 serious嚴(yán)重的 usual通常 final最后 safe安全 real真的 recent最近的 main主要的 accurate精確的2、去y加ilyeasy容易的 heavy大量 angry生氣的 hung

4、ry饑餓的 happy 快樂(lè)的 lucky幸運(yùn)的3、le結(jié)尾的，去e變y possible可能 gentle輕柔的4、不變hard難的；努力地，猛烈地 fast 快early早 late 晚enough足夠 straight筆直 II. 動(dòng)詞名詞1、 加er、or、ress加erfarm 耕種農(nóng)民 drive 駕駛駕駛員 司機(jī)teach 教老師 work 工作工人 write 寫作家 report 報(bào)道記者 win 贏(winner)獲勝者 own 擁有owner擁有者 paint畫、粉刷-畫家 manage 經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)理 record 記錄錄音機(jī)加or act-actor 男演員 visitvi

5、sitor觀光者 invent-inventor 發(fā)明家 calculatecalculator計(jì)算器加ress waitwaitress女服務(wù)員 actactress女演員2、 加ion結(jié)尾addaddition 增加 collectcollection 收集 discussdiscussion討論 decidedecision決定 inventinvention發(fā)明物 inviteinvitation 邀請(qǐng) operateoperation手術(shù) pollutepollution 污染 reviewrevision 復(fù)習(xí) solvesolution解答 organizeorganizatio

6、n組織 locatelocation地點(diǎn)suggestsuggestion建議 protect-prote ction 保護(hù)3、 加ing beginbeginning開(kāi)始 buildbuilding大樓 saysaying 諺語(yǔ) paintpainting 繪畫meetmeeting 會(huì)議4、 其他serveservice 服務(wù) speakspeech 演講、言語(yǔ) fishfisherman 漁夫 enterentrance 入口knowknowledge 知識(shí) weighweight 重量 pleasepleasure 愉快 developdevelopment 發(fā)展 choosechoi

7、ce選擇 tourtourist 游客diedeath 死亡 succeedsuccess 成功 flyflight 飛行、航班 memorizememory 記憶mixmixture 混合物 cookcook 廚師 savesafety 安全 actactivity 活動(dòng) ableability 能力III. 名詞名詞art藝術(shù)artist畫家 sciencescientist 科學(xué)家citycitizen市民 customcustomer 顧客 officeofficer 官員 engineengineer工程師 friendfriendship 友誼 businessbusinessma

8、n男商人 businessbusinesswoman女商人 librarylibrarian 圖書(shū)管理員 law法律lawyer律師IV. 名詞形容詞1、 名詞后加fulcarecareful 小心的 useuseful 有用的 helphelpful有幫助的 thankthankful 感激的wonderwonderful精彩的 powerpowerful 強(qiáng)大的 harmharmful 有害的2、名詞后加ycloudcloudy 多云的 rainrainy 下雨的 windwindy 有風(fēng)的 snowsnowy 下雪的 sunsunny 晴朗的 noisenoisy 吵鬧的 healthh

9、ealthy 健康的 funfunny 滑稽的 lucklucky 幸運(yùn)的3、名詞后加ly friendfriendly 友好的 lovelovely 可愛(ài)的 livelively 活潑的4、形容詞以al 結(jié)尾nationnational 國(guó)家的 education-educational 教育的 naturenatural 自然的 traditiontraditional 傳統(tǒng)的 medicinemedical 醫(yī)藥的 physicsphysical 物理的chemistrychemical 化學(xué)的 historyhistorical 歷史的5、名詞末尾的ce變成t difference(s

10、)different 不同 importanceimportant 重要的6、名詞后加en woodwooden木制的 goldgolden金色的 (woolwoolen 羊毛的)7、名詞以ness結(jié)尾 kindness仁慈kind仁慈的 illness病 疾病- ill有病的 不健康的8、形容詞后加y difficultdifficulty 困難 honesthonesty誠(chéng)實(shí)9、形容詞后加dom freefreedom 自由 wisewisdom 聰明10、其他dangerdangerous 危險(xiǎn)的officeofficial 官方的、正式的fool傻瓜foolish 愚蠢的westwes

11、tern 西方的height高度 high高的 length長(zhǎng)度long 長(zhǎng)的favour恩惠favourite 最喜歡的 foreigner外國(guó)人foreign 外國(guó)的 home家homeless 無(wú)家可歸的 expense費(fèi)用expensive 昂貴的 truth真相true 真實(shí)的wound創(chuàng)傷wounded 受傷的pleasurepleasant 另人愉快的/ pleased 滿意的 response相應(yīng) 反映- responsible 負(fù)責(zé)的 有責(zé)任的 electricity電electric電的 electrical 與電有關(guān)的electronic 電子的V. 動(dòng)詞形容詞 inte

12、rest引起興趣interesting 有趣的/ interested 感興趣的 exciteexciting 令人激動(dòng)的/ excited激動(dòng)的 freezefreezing 寒冷的/ frozen 冷凍的 frightenfrightening 令人害怕的/ frightened害怕的forgetforgetful健忘的 / unforgettable 難忘的 dependindependent 獨(dú)立的 有主見(jiàn)的likelikely很有可能發(fā)生的 有希望的 realize意識(shí)到real 真的 breakbroken 碎的 followfollowing 下面的 fillfull 滿的、飽的

13、 enjoyenjoyable使人愉快的 changechangeable 多變的 actactive 積極的 attractattractive 吸引人的 diedead 死的 widen拓寬wide 寬的 livealive活的VI. 前綴 possibleimpossible (polite, patient)可能不可能 tellretell說(shuō)復(fù)述 buildrebuild 建造重建healthyunhealthy健康的不健康的 honestdishonest誠(chéng)實(shí)不誠(chéng)實(shí)的 appeardisappear出現(xiàn)消失 likedislike 喜歡不喜歡malefemale 男性女性VII. 國(guó)

14、名國(guó)籍AustraliaAustralian AmericaAmerican CanadaCanadian BritainBritish EnglandEnglish ItalyItalianFrance French GermanyGerman (德國(guó)人復(fù)數(shù)Germans)強(qiáng)化練習(xí)從句子成分角度完成下列習(xí)題：1. Thanksgiving is a _ festival in the USA and Canada. (tradition)2. There were only a few _ from the air-crash. (survive)3. After careful _, th

15、e committee decided to recommend Mr. Smith for the post. (consider)4. Do you agree that it is important to make yourself _? (understand)5. Ive lived in Chongqing for several years and Im now used to _hot food. (eat)6. He has to check the _ of a difficult word before he uses it. (spell)7. The busines

16、sman lost a _ chance to make a big fortune. (gold)8. Im the least of all the doctors here. (experience)9. In some parts of this city, missing a bus means _ for another hour. (wait)10. Her early _ gave everyone a big surprise. （arrive）11. The little girl gave an _ wonderful performance last night. （e

17、xtreme）12. The more challenging the journey is, the _ the young people will feel. （happy）13. There has not been a favorable _ to your plan so far. （respond）14. After they got on the bus, they found two _. (sit)15. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get _ information about i

18、t. (far)16. Now more and more gardens are being built in our _. (neighbour)17. _ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)18. It will _ rain this afternoon, for the sky is so dark now. (impossible)19. Many people in China are not familiar with _ customs. (west)20.The

19、 room is so dirty that a lot of _ can be seen running here and there. (mouse)21. Its rude to look _ at a person. (straight)22. There is no short-cut to _. ( succeed )23. The reporter went to the sea with several _ to look for the lost boat. (fish)24. There are many places of _ interest in Shanghai.

20、(history)25. Mr. Marko is one of the _ of that factory. (engine)26. Its ten _ walk from here. You neednt take a bus. (minute)27. Jacky told us an _ story that everybody laughed happily. (amusement)28. Thanks for _ me. Ill do my best. (choice)29. Its much _ to swim with your friend than to swim alone

21、. (safe)30. It was snowing _ outside. (hard)31. How many _ lessons do you have every week? (physical)32. They were well _ at a friends house. (service)33. The sun gives us light and _. (hot)34. We saw her running _ the street just now. (cross)35. Ill do my homework more _ next time. (care)36. In _ t

22、o hard work, we need some good ways to succeed. (add)37. In the past punishment（懲罰）was decided by the university. The student had no _ but to accept it. (choose)38. A _ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)39. The visitors are _ students. (main)40. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies _. (ha

23、rd)41. These modern machines work _. (automatic)42. Actions speak _ than words. (loud)43. I _ where he comes from. (wonderful)44. We tried all sorts of _, but they were all useless. (medical)45. Carl looks much _ than before. (health)46. The little boy can run a marathon in _ than three hours. (litt

24、le)47. The lost calculator has been returned to its _. (own)48. Even _, he lost his job. (bad)49. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of _. (relax)50. I am fond of _ fiction. (scientist)51. Could you tell me whether it is a _ change or a physical change? ( c

25、hemistry ) 52. The students are not allowed to touch the _ without permission. ( chemistry )53. Do you know who the telephone was_ by? (invention)54. We went to a beautiful lake and spent an _ day. (forget)55. What _ weather we are having now! (freeze)56. He tried to make more money to work out a solution to tr